California Assembly Bill AB1159 Amended / Bill

 BILL NUMBER: AB 1159AMENDED BILL TEXT AMENDED IN SENATE SEPTEMBER 3, 2013 AMENDED IN SENATE AUGUST 22, 2013 AMENDED IN SENATE AUGUST 15, 2013 AMENDED IN SENATE AUGUST 12, 2013 AMENDED IN SENATE JULY 10, 2013 INTRODUCED BY Assembly Member Gonzalez (Principal coauthor: Senator De Len) (Coauthors: Assembly Members Alejo and Wagner) (Coauthors: Senators Anderson, Block, and Hueso) FEBRUARY 22, 2013 An act to amend Sections 22442 and 22442.3 of, to add Sections 6126.7, 22442.5, and 22442.6 to, to add Article 16 (commencing with Section 6240) to Chapter 4 of Division 3 of, and to amend, repeal, and add Section 22443.1 of, the Business and Professions Code, relating to immigration services, and declaring the urgency thereof, to take effect immediately. LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST AB 1159, as amended, Gonzalez. Immigration services. Existing law, the State Bar Act, provides for the licensure and regulation of attorneys by the State Bar of California, a public corporation.  This bill would require attorneys providing immigration reform act services, as defined, to provide a client with a written contract containing specified information, including a description of the services that the attorney anticipates will be performed, the basis of compensation for these services, and a statement informing the client that he or she may report complaints regarding the attorney's services to specified entities. The bill would provide certain exceptions to these requirements.   This bill would make it a violation of specified provisions of law relating to the unauthorized practice of law for any person who is not an attorney to literally translate from English into another language the phrases "notary public," "notary," "licensed," "attorney," "lawyer," or any other terms that imply that the person is an attorney. The bill would prescribe penalties, not to exceed $1,000 per day for each violation, for a person who violates these provisions.  Existing law provides for the regulation of a person engaged in the business or acting in the capacity of an immigration consultant, and provides that a violation of these provisions is a crime. Existing law requires an immigration consultant to provide a client with a written contract containing specified information prior to providing services. Existing law requires an immigration consultant to file a bond of $50,000 with the Secretary of State in accordance with specified provisions of law. This bill would, commencing July 1, 2014, increase the amount of this bond to $100,000. The bill would require that the written contract contain additional information relating to an explanation of the purpose of each service to be performed. The bill would require an immigration consultant to establish a client trust account and to deposit in this account any funds received from the client prior to performing immigration reform act services, as defined, for that client, and would impose certain requirements relating to the expenditure of funds from this trust account. The bill would prohibit an attorney or an immigration consultant from demanding or accepting the advance payment of any funds from a person before the enactment of an immigration reform act, as defined, and would require any funds received after the effective date of this bill, but before the enactment of an immigration reform act, to be refunded to the client. The bill would require any funds that were received before the effective date of the bill for services not yet rendered to be either refunded to the client or deposited in a client trust fund in accordance with specified provisions. The bill would prescribe penalties, not to exceed $1,000 per day for each violation, for immigration consultants who violate these provisions. Existing law prohibits an immigration consultant from literally translating the phrase "notary public" into Spanish. This bill would provide that a violation of these provisions constitutes a violation of specified provisions of law relating to the unauthorized practice of law. The bill also would prescribe penalties, not to exceed $1,000 per day for each violation, for immigration consultants who violate these provisions.  Additionally, the bill would make it a violation of specified provisions of law relating to the unauthorized practice of law for any person who is not an attorney to literally translate from English into another language the phrases "notary public," "notary," "licensed," "attorney," "lawyer," or any other terms that imply that the person is an attorney. The bill would prescribe penalties, not to exceed $1,000 per day for each violation, for a person who violates these provisions.  Because a violation of these provisions by an immigration consultant would be a crime, this bill would impose a state-mandated local program. The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement. This bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this act for a specified reason. This bill would declare that it is to take effect immediately as an urgency statute. Vote: 2/3. Appropriation: no. Fiscal committee: yes. State-mandated local program: yes. THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS: SECTION 1. Section 6126.7 is added to the Business and Professions Code, to read: 6126.7. (a) It is a violation of subdivision (a) of Section 6126 for any person who is not an attorney to literally translate from English into another language, in any document, including an advertisement, stationery, letterhead, business card, or other comparable written material, any words or titles, including, but not limited to, "notary public," "notary," "licensed," "attorney," or "lawyer,"  that  imply that the person is an attorney. As provided in this subdivision, the literal translation of the phrase "notary public" into Spanish as "notario publico" or "notario," is expressly prohibited. (b) For purposes of this section, "literal translation" of a word or phrase from one language means the translation of a word or phrase without regard to the true meaning of the word or phrase in the language that is being translated. (c) (1) In addition to any other remedies and penalties prescribed in this article, a person who violates this section shall be subject to a civil penalty not to exceed one thousand dollars ($1,000) per day for each violation, to be assessed and collected in a civil action brought by the State Bar. (2) In assessing the amount of the civil penalty, the court may consider relevant circumstances presented by the parties to the case, including, but not limited to, the following: (A) The nature and severity of the misconduct. (B) The number of violations. (C) The length of time over which the misconduct occurred, and the persistence of the misconduct. (D) The wilfulness of the misconduct. (E) The defendant's assets, liabilities, and net worth. (3) The court shall grant a prevailing plaintiff reasonable attorneys' fees and costs. (4) A civil action brought under this section shall be commenced within four years after the cause of action accrues. SEC. 2. Article 16 (commencing with Section 6240) is added to Chapter 4 of Division 3 of the Business and Professions Code, to read: Article 16. Attorneys Providing Immigration Reform Act Services 6240. For purposes of this article, the following definitions apply: (a) "Immigration reform act" means any pending or future act of Congress that is enacted after the effective date of this section but before January 1, 2017, including, but not limited to, the federal act known as the "Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act" (S. 744, 2013), that authorizes an undocumented immigrant who either entered the United States without inspection or who did not depart after the expiration of a nonimmigrant visa, to attain a lawful status under federal law. (b) "Immigration reform act services" means services  offered in connection with an immigration reform act that are  necessary in the preparation of an application and other related initial processes in order for an undocumented immigrant  ,  who either entered the United States without inspection or who did not depart after the expiration of a nonimmigrant visa, to attain a lawful status under an immigration reform act. 6241. This article shall apply to the following: (a) An attorney who is an active member of the State Bar who provides immigration reform act services. (b) An attorney who is not an active member of the State Bar, but who meets both of the following: (1) The attorney is authorized by federal law to practice law and to represent persons before the Board of Immigration Appeals or the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services. (2) The attorney is providing immigration reform act services in an office or business in California. 6242. (a) It is unlawful for an attorney to demand or accept the advance payment of any funds from a person for immigration reform act services before the enactment of an immigration reform act. (b) Any funds received after the effective date of this section, but before the enactment of an immigration reform act, shall be refunded to the client. (c) (1) If an attorney providing immigration reform act services accepted funds prior to the effective date of this section, and the services provided in connection with payment of those funds were rendered, the attorney shall provide the client with a statement of accounting describing the services rendered. (2) (A) Any funds received before the effective date of this section and before the enactment of an immigration reform act, for which immigration reform act services have not yet been rendered, shall either be refunded to the client or shall be deposited in a client trust account. (B) If an attorney deposits funds in a client trust account pursuant to this paragraph, he or she shall  comply with Section 6243 and shall  provide to the client a written notice, in both English and the client's native language, that there are no benefits or relief that are available, and that no application for such benefits or relief may be processed until enactment of an immigration reform act and the related necessary federal regulations and forms.  6243. (a) An attorney providing immigration reform act services shall, prior to providing those services, provide the client with a written contract. The written contract shall include, but need not be limited to, all of the following: (1) A description explaining the services that the attorney anticipates will be performed. (2) The basis of compensation for the services, including, but not limited to, hourly rates, statutory fees, flat fees, and other standard rates, fees, and charges applicable to the services. (3) A statement informing the client that he or she may report complaints to the Office of Immigrant Assistance of the Department of Justice, to the State Bar of California, or to the bar of the court of any state, possession, territory, or commonwealth of the United States or of the District of Columbia where the attorney is admitted to practice law. This statement shall include the toll-free telephone numbers and Internet Web sites of those entities. (b) (1) Except as specified in paragraphs (2) and (3), the provisions of the written contract shall be stated in both English and the client's native language. (2) Upon the consent of the client, the contract need not be written in English, and may instead be written in the client's native language or another language that the client understands. (3) For unwritten languages and languages that, in a reasonable person's estimation, are extremely rare or uncommon, the provisions of the contract shall be written in English and shall be orally translated to the client in a language the client can understand. If a contract is orally translated pursuant to this paragraph, the written contract shall include a verification that the provisions of the contract have been orally translated, that the translator is competent to make the translation, and that the translation is true and accurate to the best of the translator's abilities. (4) A written contract is void if it does not comply with this subdivision. (c) The State Bar shall work with the necessary professional association for attorneys practicing immigration law to prepare and provide forms for contracts, which the State Bar shall translate into the languages specified in Section 1632 of the Civil Code for use under this section. (d) (1) Except if required pursuant to subparagraph (B) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (c) of Section 6242, this section shall not apply to an attorney providing immigration reform act services in accordance with any of the following: (A) For a qualified legal services project or support center under subdivisions (a) and (b) of Section 6213. (B) For a nonprofit, tax-exempt corporation that helps clients complete application forms in immigration matters free of charge, or for a nominal fee, including reasonable costs, consistent with that authorized by the Board of Immigration Appeals under Section 292.2 of Title 8 of the Code of Federal Regulations. (C) For free, at no cost to the client, as pro bono legal services. (2) Notwithstanding the exemption described in paragraph (1), an attorney who is providing immigration reform act services, and who meets any of the criteria described in subparagraphs (A) to (C), inclusive, of paragraph (1), shall provide a written notice to the client containing the information specified in paragraphs (1) to (3), inclusive, of subdivision (a). This written notice need not be a contract.  SEC. 3. Section 22442 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read: 22442. (a) Every person engaged in the business, or acting in the capacity of, an immigration consultant who enters into a contract or agreement with a client to provide services shall, prior to providing any services, provide the client with a written contract, the contents of which shall be prescribed by the Department of Consumer Affairs in regulations. (b) The written contract shall include all provisions relating to the following: (1) The services to be performed. Each service to be performed shall be itemized with an explanation of the purpose and process of each service. (2) The cost of each itemized service to be performed. (3) There shall be printed on the face of the contract in 10-point boldface type a statement that the immigration consultant is not an attorney and may not perform the legal services that an attorney performs. (4) The written contract shall list the documents to be prepared by the immigration consultant, shall explain the purpose and process of each document, and shall list the cost for preparing each document. (5) The written contract shall state the purpose for which the immigration consultant has been hired and the actions to be taken by the immigration consultant regarding each document, including the agency and office where each document will be filed and the approximate processing times according to current published agency guidelines. (6) The written contract shall include a provision that informs the client that he or she may report complaints relating to immigration consultants to the Office of Immigrant Assistance of the Department of Justice. The written contract shall also include a provision stating that complaints concerning the unauthorized practice of law may be reported to the State Bar of California. These required provisions shall include the toll-free telephone numbers and Internet Web sites of those entities. (c) An immigration consultant shall not include provisions in the written contract relating to either of the following: (1) Any guarantee or promise, unless the immigration consultant has some basis in fact for making the guarantee or promise. (2) Any statement that the immigration consultant can or will obtain special favors from or has special influence with the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services, or any other governmental agency, employee, or official, that may have a bearing on a client's immigration matter. (d) The provisions of the written contract shall be stated both in English and in the client's native language. (e) A written contract is void if it is not written pursuant to subdivision (d). (f) The client shall have the right to rescind the contract within 72 hours of signing the contract. The contents of this subdivision shall be conspicuously set forth in the written contract in both English and the client's native language. (g) An immigration consultant shall not make the statements described in subdivision (c) orally to a client. (h) Except if required pursuant to subparagraph (B) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (c) of Section 22442.6, this section does not apply to employees of nonprofit, tax-exempt corporations who help clients complete application forms in an immigration matter free of charge or for a nominal fee, including reasonable costs, consistent with that authorized by the Board of Immigration Appeals under Section 292.2 of Title 8 of the Code of Federal Regulations. SEC. 4. Section 22442.3 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read: 22442.3. (a) An immigration consultant shall not, with the intent to mislead, literally translate, from English into another language, any words or titles, including, but not limited to, "notary public," "notary," "licensed," "attorney," or "lawyer," that imply that the person is an attorney, in any document, including an advertisement, stationery, letterhead, business card, or other comparable written material describing the immigration consultant. (b) For purposes of this section, "literal translation" of a word or phrase from one language means the translation of a word or phrase without regard to the true meaning of the word or phrase in the language that is being translated. (c) An immigration consultant may not make or authorize the making of any verbal or written references to his or her compliance with the bonding requirements of Section 22443.1 except as provided in this chapter. (d) A violation of subdivision (a) or (c) by an immigration consultant shall constitute a violation of subdivision (a) of Section 6126. (e) (1) In addition to the remedies and penalties prescribed in this chapter, a person who violates this section shall be subject to a civil penalty not to exceed one thousand dollars ($1,000) per day for each violation, to be assessed and collected in a civil action brought by any person injured by the violation or in a civil action brought in the name of the people of the State of California by the Attorney General, a district attorney, or a city attorney. (2) In assessing the amount of the civil penalty, the court may consider relevant circumstances presented by the parties to the case, including, but not limited to, the following: (A) The nature and severity of the misconduct. (B) The number of violations. (C) The length of time over which the misconduct occurred, and the persistence of the misconduct. (D) The willfulness of the misconduct. (E) The defendant's assets, liabilities, and net worth. (3) If the Attorney General brings the action, one-half of the civil penalty collected shall be paid to the treasurer of the county in which the judgment was entered, and one-half to the General Fund. If a district attorney brings the action, the civil penalty collected shall be paid to the treasurer of the county in which the judgment was entered. If a city attorney brings the action, one-half of the civil penalty collected shall be paid to the treasurer of the city in which the judgment was entered, and one-half to the treasurer of the county in which the judgment was entered. (4) The court shall grant a prevailing plaintiff reasonable attorneys' fees and costs. SEC. 5. Section 22442.5 is added to the Business and Professions Code, to read: 22442.5. (a) An immigration consultant who provides immigration reform act services shall establish and deposit into a client trust account any funds received from a client prior to performing those services for that client. (b) For purposes of this section, the following definitions apply: (1) "Immigration reform act" means any pending or future act of Congress that is enacted after the effective date of this section but before January 1, 2017, including, but not limited to, the federal act known as the "Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act" (S. 744, 2013), that authorizes an undocumented immigrant who either entered the United States without inspection or who did not depart after expiration of a nonimmigrant visa, to attain a lawful status under federal law. (2) "Immigration reform act services" means services described in Section 22441 that are provided in connection with an immigration reform act. (c) The immigration consultant providing immigration reform act services for the client may withdraw funds received from that client only in compliance with either of the following: (1) After completing one or more of the itemized services described in paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) of Section 22442, and only in the amount identified as the cost of that service or those services pursuant to paragraph (2) of subdivision (b) of Section 22442. (2) After completing one or more of the documents listed, and only in the amounts listed, pursuant to paragraph (4) of subdivision (b) of Section 22442. SEC. 6. Section 22442.6 is added to the Business and Professions Code, to read: 22442.6. (a) It is unlawful for an immigration consultant to demand or accept the advance payment of any funds from a person for immigration reform act services before the enactment of an immigration reform act, as defined in subdivision (b) of Section 22442.5. (b) Any funds received after the effective date of this section, but before the enactment of an immigration reform act, as defined in subdivision (b) of Section 22442.5, shall be refunded to the client. (c) (1) If an immigration consultant providing immigration reform act services accepted funds prior to the effective date of this section, and the services provided in connection with payment of those funds were rendered, the consultant shall provide the client with a statement of accounting describing the services rendered. (2) (A) Any funds received before the effective date of this section and before the enactment of an immigration reform act, for which immigration reform act services have not yet been rendered, shall either be refunded to the client or shall be deposited in a client trust account pursuant to Section 22442.5. (B) If an immigration consultant deposits funds in a client trust account pursuant to this paragraph, he or she shall comply with all applicable provisions of this chapter, including Section 22442, and shall provide to the client a written notice, in both English and in the client's native language, that there are no benefits or relief that are available and that no application for such benefits or relief may be processed until enactment of an immigration reform act and the related necessary federal regulations and forms. (d) (1) In addition to the remedies and penalties prescribed in this chapter, a person who violates this section shall be subject to a civil penalty not to exceed one thousand dollars ($1,000) per day for each violation, to be assessed and collected in a civil action brought by any person injured by the violation or in a civil action brought in the name of the people of the State of California by the Attorney General, a district attorney, or a city attorney. (2) In assessing the amount of the civil penalty, the court may consider relevant circumstances presented by the parties to the case, including, but not limited to, the following: (A) The nature and severity of the misconduct. (B) The number of violations. (C) The length of time over which the misconduct occurred, and the persistence of the misconduct. (D) The willfulness of the misconduct. (E) The defendant's assets, liabilities, and net worth. (3) If the Attorney General brings the action, one-half of the civil penalty collected shall be paid to the treasurer of the county in which the judgment was entered, and one-half to the General Fund. If a district attorney brings the action, the civil penalty collected shall be paid to the treasurer of the county in which the judgment was entered. If a city attorney brings the action, one-half of the civil penalty collected shall be paid to the treasurer of the city in which the judgment was entered, and one-half to the treasurer of the county in which the judgment was entered. (4) The court shall grant a prevailing plaintiff reasonable attorneys' fees and costs. SEC. 7. Section 22443.1 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read: 22443.1. (a) (1) Prior to engaging in the business, or acting in the capacity, of an immigration consultant, each person shall file with the Secretary of State a bond of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) executed by a corporate surety admitted to do business in this state and conditioned upon compliance with this chapter. The total aggregate liability on the bond shall be limited to fifty thousand dollars ($50,000). (2) The bond may be terminated pursuant to Section 995.440 of, and Article 13 (commencing with Section 996.310) of Chapter 2 of Title 14 of Part 2 of, the Code of Civil Procedure. (b) The bond required by this section shall be in favor of, and payable to, the people of the State of California and shall be for the benefit of any person damaged by any fraud, misstatement, misrepresentation, unlawful act or omission, or failure to provide the services of the immigration consultant or the agents, representatives, or employees of the immigration consultant, while acting within the scope of that employment or agency. (c) An immigration consultant who is required to file a surety bond with the Secretary of State shall also file a disclosure form with the Secretary of State that contains all of the following information: (1) The immigration consultant's name, date of birth, residence address, business address, residence telephone number, and business telephone number. (2) The name and address of the immigration consultant's agent for service of process if one is required to be or has been appointed. (3) Whether the immigration consultant has ever been convicted of a violation of this chapter or of Section 6126. (4) Whether the immigration consultant has ever been arrested or convicted of a crime. (5) If applicable, the name, business address, business telephone number, and agent for service of process of the corporation or partnership employing the immigration consultant. (d) An immigration consultant shall notify the Secretary of State' s office in writing within 30 days when the surety bond required by this section is renewed, and of any change of name, address, telephone number, or agent for service of process. (e) The Secretary of State shall post information on its Internet Web site demonstrating that an immigration consultant is in compliance with the bond required by this section and has satisfactorily passed the background check required under Section 22441.1, and shall also post a copy of the immigration consultant's photograph. The Secretary of State shall ensure that the information is current and shall update the information at least every 30 days. The Secretary of State shall only post this information and photograph on its Internet Web site if the person has filed and maintained the bond, filed the disclosure form and photograph required to be filed with the Secretary of State, and passed the background check required by Section 22441.1. (f) The Secretary of State shall develop the disclosure form required to file a bond under this section and make it available to any immigration consultant filing a bond pursuant to this section. (g) An immigration consultant shall submit all of the following with the disclosure form: (1) A copy of valid and current photo identification to determine the immigration consultant's identity, such as a California driver's license or identification card, passport, or other identification acceptable to the Secretary of State. (2) A photograph of himself or herself with the dimensions and in the style that would be acceptable to the U.S. Department of State for obtaining a United States passport, as instructed by the Secretary of State. An immigration consultant bonded on or before December 31, 2006, shall submit the photograph on or before July 1, 2007. (h) The Secretary of State shall charge and collect a filing fee to cover the cost of filing the bond. (i) The Secretary of State shall enforce the provisions of this chapter that govern the filing and maintenance of bonds. (j) Except if required pursuant to subparagraph (B) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (c) of Section 22442.6, this section does not apply to employees of nonprofit, tax-exempt corporations who help clients complete application forms in an immigration matter free of charge or for a nominal fee, including reasonable costs, consistent with that authorized by the Board of Immigration Appeals under Section 292.2 of Title 8 of the Code of Federal Regulations. (k) This section shall become inoperative on July 1, 2014, and as of January 1, 2015, is repealed. SEC. 8. Section 22443.1 is added to the Business and Professions Code, to read: 22443.1. (a) (1) Prior to engaging in the business, or acting in the capacity, of an immigration consultant, each person shall file with the Secretary of State a bond of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) executed by a corporate surety admitted to do business in this state and conditioned upon compliance with this chapter. The total aggregate liability on the bond shall be limited to one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000). (2) The bond may be terminated pursuant to Section 995.440 of, and Article 13 (commencing with Section 996.310) of Chapter 2 of Title 14 of Part 2 of, the Code of Civil Procedure. (b) The bond required by this section shall be in favor of, and payable to, the people of the State of California and shall be for the benefit of any person damaged by any fraud, misstatement, misrepresentation, unlawful act or omission, or failure to provide the services of the immigration consultant or the agents, representatives, or employees of the immigration consultant, while acting within the scope of that employment or agency. (c) An immigration consultant who is required to file a surety bond with the Secretary of State shall also file a disclosure form with the Secretary of State that contains all of the following information: (1) The immigration consultant's name, date of birth, residence address, business address, residence telephone number, and business telephone number. (2) The name and address of the immigration consultant's agent for service of process if one is required to be or has been appointed. (3) Whether the immigration consultant has ever been convicted of a violation of this chapter or of Section 6126. (4) Whether the immigration consultant has ever been arrested or convicted of a crime. (5) If applicable, the name, business address, business telephone number, and agent for service of process of the corporation or partnership employing the immigration consultant. (d) An immigration consultant shall notify the Secretary of State' s office in writing within 30 days when the surety bond required by this section is renewed, and of any change of name, address, telephone number, or agent for service of process. (e) The Secretary of State shall post information on its Internet Web site demonstrating that an immigration consultant is in compliance with the bond required by this section and has satisfactorily passed the background check required under Section 22441.1, and shall also post a copy of the immigration consultant's photograph. The Secretary of State shall ensure that the information is current and shall update the information at least every 30 days. The Secretary of State shall only post this information and photograph on its Internet Web site if the person has filed and maintained the bond, filed the disclosure form and photograph required to be filed with the Secretary of State, and passed the background check required by Section 22441.1. (f) The Secretary of State shall develop the disclosure form required to file a bond under this section and make it available to any immigration consultant filing a bond pursuant to this section. (g) An immigration consultant shall submit all of the following with the disclosure form: (1) A copy of valid and current photo identification to determine the immigration consultant's identity, such as a California driver's license or identification card, passport, or other identification acceptable to the Secretary of State. (2) A photograph of himself or herself with the dimensions and in the style that would be acceptable to the United States Department of State for obtaining a United States passport, as instructed by the Secretary of State. (h) The Secretary of State shall charge and collect a filing fee to cover the cost of filing the bond. (i) The Secretary of State shall enforce the provisions of this chapter that govern the filing and maintenance of bonds. (j) Except if required pursuant to subparagraph (B) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (c) of Section 22442.6, this section does not apply to employees of nonprofit, tax-exempt corporations who help clients complete application forms in an immigration matter free of charge or for a nominal fee, including reasonable costs, consistent with that authorized by the Board of Immigration Appeals under Section 292.2 of Title 8 of the Code of Federal Regulations. (k) This section shall become operative on July 1, 2014. SEC. 9. No reimbursement is required by this act pursuant to Section 6 of Article XIII B of the California Constitution because the only costs that may be incurred by a local agency or school district will be incurred because this act creates a new crime or infraction, eliminates a crime or infraction, or changes the penalty for a crime or infraction, within the meaning of Section 17556 of the Government Code, or changes the definition of a crime within the meaning of Section 6 of Article XIII B of the California Constitution. SEC. 10. This act is an urgency statute necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety within the meaning of Article IV of the Constitution and shall go into immediate effect. The facts constituting the necessity are: In order to implement measures as quickly as possible and as necessary to prevent fraud on immigrants by attorneys and other persons by making promises of benefits and relief under pending and proposed federal immigration reform acts before their enactment, it is necessary that this act take effect immediately.