Amended IN Senate March 14, 2017 Amended IN Senate March 07, 2017 CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE 20172018 REGULAR SESSION Senate Bill No. 21Introduced by Senator Hill(Coauthor: Senator Bradford)December 05, 2016 An act to add Chapter 15 (commencing with Section 54999.8) to Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code, relating to law enforcement agencies. LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGESTSB 21, as amended, Hill. Law enforcement agencies: surveillance: policies.Under existing law, a city or county is empowered to perform duties including providing for public safety and law enforcement. A city or county is authorized, either directly or indirectly, to prescribe policies and regulations for law enforcement agencies under its jurisdiction.This bill would, beginning July 1, 2018, except in exigent circumstances, as defined, require each law enforcement agency, as defined, to submit to its governing body at a noticed regularly scheduled hearing, open to the public, a proposed plan for the use of all each type of surveillance technology and the information collected, as specified. The bill would require that the law enforcement agency submit an amendment to the surveillance plan, pursuant to the same open meeting requirements, for each new type of surveillance technology sought to be used. The bill would require the policy and any amendments to be posted on the agencys Internet Web site. The bill would also require the agency to make specified reports, at approved intervals, concerning the use of surveillance technology, and to make those reports available on the agencys Internet Web site. The bill would provide specified penalties, in addition to any other remedies under law, for violations of these provisions, including punitive damages, attorneys fees, and injunctive relief. The bill would authorize an agency to temporarily use surveillance technology in exigent circumstances without meeting the requirements of these provisions, provided that the agency submits a specified report to its governing body within 90 days of the end of the exigent circumstances or a later period as extended.The bill would make legislative findings in support of these provisions.Because this bill would impose additional requirements on local law enforcement agencies, it would impose a state-mandated local program.The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to the statutory provisions noted above.Digest Key Vote: MAJORITY Appropriation: NO Fiscal Committee: YES Local Program: YES Bill TextThe people of the State of California do enact as follows:SECTION 1. The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:(a) While law enforcement agencies increasingly rely on surveillance technologies because those technologies may enhance community safety and aid in the investigation of crimes, those technologies are often used without any written rules or civilian oversight oversight, and the ability of surveillance technology to enhance public safety should be balanced with reasonable safeguards for residents residents civil liberties and privacy.(b) Promoting a safer community through the use of surveillance technology while preserving the protection of civil liberties and privacy are not mutually exclusive goals, and policymakers should be empowered to make informed decisions about what kind of surveillance technologies should be used in their community.(c) Decisions about whether to use surveillance technology for data collection and how to use and store the information collected should not be made by the agencies that would to operate the technology, but by the elected bodies that are directly accountable to the residents in their communities who should also have opportunities to review the decision of whether or not to use surveillance technologies.SEC. 2. Chapter 15 (commencing with Section 54999.8) is added to Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code, to read: CHAPTER 15. Surveillance Policies for Law Enforcement54999.8. The following definitions apply for purposes of this chapter:(a) Exigent circumstances means a law enforcement agencys good faith belief that an emergency involving danger of death or serious physical injury to any person requires use of a surveillance technology or the information it provides. (a)(b) Governing body means the elected body that oversees the law enforcement agency or the law enforcement agencys corresponding geographic area in the case of a county sheriff.(b)(c) Law enforcement agency means any police department, sheriff sheriffs department, college campus, or special district agency created to enforce the law and prevent crime.(c)(d) (1) Surveillance technology means any electronic device or system primarily intended to monitor and collect audio, visual, locational, thermal, or similar information on any individual or group. This includes, but is not limited to, drones with cameras or monitoring capabilities, automated license plate readers, closed-circuit cameras/televisions, international mobile subscriber identity (IMSD) trackers, global positioning system (GPS) technology, radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology, biometrics-identification technology, and facial-recognition technology.(2) Surveillance technology does not include standard electronic devices or systems that have a primary function other than monitoring or collecting audio, visual, locational, thermal, or similar information on any individual or group. This includes, but is not limited to, standard law enforcement agency computers and software, fingerprint scanners, ignition interlock devices, cell phones, two-way radios, or other similar electronic devices.54999.85. (a) On or before July 1, 2018, a law enforcement agency shall submit to its governing body at a properly noticed public meeting on the regular, nonconsent calendar, body a Surveillance Use Policy Policy, which shall be in writing and made publically publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site prior to the public hearing. The hearing and after adoption. The governing body, at a regularly scheduled hearing pursuant to the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code), shall consider the policy for adoption by resolution or ordinance on the regular, nonconsent calendar.(b) The policy shall pertain to any surveillance technologies used already in use by the law enforcement agency and shall include, in separate sections specific to each unique type of surveillance technology, a description of each surveillance technology used by the law enforcement agency. Each section covering a separate technology shall shall, at a minimum include the following:(1)Types of surveillance technology used by the law enforcement agency. (2)(1) Authorized purposes for using the surveillance technology.(3)(2) Types of data that can be and is collected by the surveillance technology.(4)(3) A description of the job title or other designation of employees and independent contractors who are authorized to use the various types of surveillance technology or to access data collected by the surveillance technology. The policy shall identify the and require training requirements necessary for those authorized employees and independent contractors.(5)(4) Title of the official custodian, or owner, of the surveillance technologies technology responsible for implementing this section.(6)(5) A description of how the surveillance technologies technology will be monitored to ensure the security of the information and compliance with applicable privacy laws.(7)(6) The length of time information gathered by the surveillance technologies technology will be retained, and a process to determine if and when to destroy retained information.(8)(7) Purposes of, process for, and restrictions on, on the sale, sharing, or transfer of information to other persons and whether and, if so, how the collected information can be accessed by members of the public, including criminal defendants.(b)A law enforcement agency shall not acquire surveillance technology unless approved by its governing body by adoption, at a regularly scheduled public meeting held pursuant to the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code), of a resolution or ordinance authorizing that acquisition and incorporating the Surveillance Use Policy required by this section.(c) If After July 1, 2018, if a law enforcement agency intends to acquire a new type of surveillance technology after the adoption of the policy required by subdivision (a), the agency shall amend submit an amendment to the policy to include the new type of technology as a new section of the policy and submit the amendment to its governing body for approval consistent with subdivision (b). (a). The amendment shall be made within 10 days of submitted prior to the acquisition of the technology and shall be submitted to the governing body at a properly noticed public meeting on the regular, nonconsent calendar and calendar. The amendment shall be in writing and made publically publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site prior to the public hearing. hearing and after adoption.(d) If, before July 1, 2018, a law enforcement agency has implemented the requirements for automatic automated license plate readers pursuant to Title 1.81.23 (commencing with Section 1798.90.5) of Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code or for cellular communications interception technology pursuant to Article 11 (commencing with Section 53166) of Chapter 1 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code, the law enforcement agency shall include the required information as part of the Surveillance Use Policy required by subdivision (a).(e) At a time interval agreed to by the law enforcement agency and the governing body, a law enforcement agency that uses surveillance technologies and which has an approved Surveillance Use Policy shall submit to its governing body a written Surveillance Technology Use Report. The report shall be made publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site, and shall, at a minimum, include the following:(1) The total costs for each surveillance technology, including personnel costs.(2) A description of how many times each type of technology was used in the preceding year and how many times each type of technology helped apprehend suspects or close a criminal case.(3) A description of the type of data collected by each surveillance technology, including whether each technology captured images, sound, or other data.(4) The number of times and the purposes surveillance technology was borrowed from or lent to another agency, including technologies used under exigent circumstances.(5) The number and classification of the agency employees trained and authorized to use each type of surveillance technology, along with a description of the training provided to agency employees on each type of surveillance technology and how often the training was provided.(6) Disclosure of whether any surveillance technology was used in a manner out of compliance with the agencys Surveillance Use Policy, whether data collected through the use of surveillance technology was inappropriately disclosed, released, or in any other way revealed for a nonapproved reason, and the steps the agency took to correct the error.(e)(f) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit a governing body from adopting additional protocols as they relate to surveillance technology.54999.9.A law enforcement agency shall, by July 1, 2018, develop a process that is consistent with current disciplinary procedures for disciplining agency employees who intentionally use surveillance technology in a manner that is specifically prohibited in the approved surveillance use policy.54999.9. In addition to any other sanctions, penalties, or remedies provided by law, an individual who has been harmed by a violation of this section may bring a civil action in any court of competent jurisdiction against a person who knowingly caused that violation. The court may award a combination of any one or more of the following:(a) Actual damages, but not less than liquidated damages in the amount of two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500).(b) Punitive damages upon proof of willful or reckless disregard of the law.(c) Reasonable attorneys fees and other litigation costs reasonably incurred.(d) Other preliminary and equitable relief as the court determines to be appropriate.54999.95. (a) A law enforcement agency may temporarily acquire or temporarily use a surveillance technology in exigent circumstances without following the provisions of Section 54999.85 before that acquisition or use unless that acquisition or use in exigent circumstances conflicts with, or is preempted by, other state or federal law.(b) If a law enforcement agency acquires or uses a surveillance technology in exigent circumstances, the agency shall report that acquisition or use to the governing body within 90 days following the end of the exigent circumstances, submit an amendment to the agencys Surveillance Use Policy for the technology that was acquired or used, and also include the technology and its use in the agencys Surveillance Technology Use Report.(c) If the agency is unable to comply with the 90-day timeline, the agency shall notify the governing body, which may grant an extension. SEC. 3. If the Commission on State Mandates determines that this act contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement to local agencies and school districts for those costs shall be made pursuant to Part 7 (commencing with Section 17500) of Division 4 of Title 2 of the Government Code.
Amended IN Senate March 14, 2017 Amended IN Senate March 07, 2017 CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE 20172018 REGULAR SESSION Senate Bill No. 21Introduced by Senator Hill(Coauthor: Senator Bradford)December 05, 2016 An act to add Chapter 15 (commencing with Section 54999.8) to Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code, relating to law enforcement agencies. LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGESTSB 21, as amended, Hill. Law enforcement agencies: surveillance: policies.Under existing law, a city or county is empowered to perform duties including providing for public safety and law enforcement. A city or county is authorized, either directly or indirectly, to prescribe policies and regulations for law enforcement agencies under its jurisdiction.This bill would, beginning July 1, 2018, except in exigent circumstances, as defined, require each law enforcement agency, as defined, to submit to its governing body at a noticed regularly scheduled hearing, open to the public, a proposed plan for the use of all each type of surveillance technology and the information collected, as specified. The bill would require that the law enforcement agency submit an amendment to the surveillance plan, pursuant to the same open meeting requirements, for each new type of surveillance technology sought to be used. The bill would require the policy and any amendments to be posted on the agencys Internet Web site. The bill would also require the agency to make specified reports, at approved intervals, concerning the use of surveillance technology, and to make those reports available on the agencys Internet Web site. The bill would provide specified penalties, in addition to any other remedies under law, for violations of these provisions, including punitive damages, attorneys fees, and injunctive relief. The bill would authorize an agency to temporarily use surveillance technology in exigent circumstances without meeting the requirements of these provisions, provided that the agency submits a specified report to its governing body within 90 days of the end of the exigent circumstances or a later period as extended.The bill would make legislative findings in support of these provisions.Because this bill would impose additional requirements on local law enforcement agencies, it would impose a state-mandated local program.The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to the statutory provisions noted above.Digest Key Vote: MAJORITY Appropriation: NO Fiscal Committee: YES Local Program: YES
Amended IN Senate March 14, 2017 Amended IN Senate March 07, 2017
Amended IN Senate March 14, 2017
Amended IN Senate March 07, 2017
CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE 20172018 REGULAR SESSION
Senate Bill No. 21
Introduced by Senator Hill(Coauthor: Senator Bradford)December 05, 2016
Introduced by Senator Hill(Coauthor: Senator Bradford)
December 05, 2016
An act to add Chapter 15 (commencing with Section 54999.8) to Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code, relating to law enforcement agencies.
LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST
## LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST
SB 21, as amended, Hill. Law enforcement agencies: surveillance: policies.
Under existing law, a city or county is empowered to perform duties including providing for public safety and law enforcement. A city or county is authorized, either directly or indirectly, to prescribe policies and regulations for law enforcement agencies under its jurisdiction.This bill would, beginning July 1, 2018, except in exigent circumstances, as defined, require each law enforcement agency, as defined, to submit to its governing body at a noticed regularly scheduled hearing, open to the public, a proposed plan for the use of all each type of surveillance technology and the information collected, as specified. The bill would require that the law enforcement agency submit an amendment to the surveillance plan, pursuant to the same open meeting requirements, for each new type of surveillance technology sought to be used. The bill would require the policy and any amendments to be posted on the agencys Internet Web site. The bill would also require the agency to make specified reports, at approved intervals, concerning the use of surveillance technology, and to make those reports available on the agencys Internet Web site. The bill would provide specified penalties, in addition to any other remedies under law, for violations of these provisions, including punitive damages, attorneys fees, and injunctive relief. The bill would authorize an agency to temporarily use surveillance technology in exigent circumstances without meeting the requirements of these provisions, provided that the agency submits a specified report to its governing body within 90 days of the end of the exigent circumstances or a later period as extended.The bill would make legislative findings in support of these provisions.Because this bill would impose additional requirements on local law enforcement agencies, it would impose a state-mandated local program.The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to the statutory provisions noted above.
Under existing law, a city or county is empowered to perform duties including providing for public safety and law enforcement. A city or county is authorized, either directly or indirectly, to prescribe policies and regulations for law enforcement agencies under its jurisdiction.
This bill would, beginning July 1, 2018, except in exigent circumstances, as defined, require each law enforcement agency, as defined, to submit to its governing body at a noticed regularly scheduled hearing, open to the public, a proposed plan for the use of all each type of surveillance technology and the information collected, as specified. The bill would require that the law enforcement agency submit an amendment to the surveillance plan, pursuant to the same open meeting requirements, for each new type of surveillance technology sought to be used. The bill would require the policy and any amendments to be posted on the agencys Internet Web site. The bill would also require the agency to make specified reports, at approved intervals, concerning the use of surveillance technology, and to make those reports available on the agencys Internet Web site. The bill would provide specified penalties, in addition to any other remedies under law, for violations of these provisions, including punitive damages, attorneys fees, and injunctive relief. The bill would authorize an agency to temporarily use surveillance technology in exigent circumstances without meeting the requirements of these provisions, provided that the agency submits a specified report to its governing body within 90 days of the end of the exigent circumstances or a later period as extended.
The bill would make legislative findings in support of these provisions.
Because this bill would impose additional requirements on local law enforcement agencies, it would impose a state-mandated local program.
The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.
This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to the statutory provisions noted above.
## Digest Key
## Bill Text
The people of the State of California do enact as follows:SECTION 1. The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:(a) While law enforcement agencies increasingly rely on surveillance technologies because those technologies may enhance community safety and aid in the investigation of crimes, those technologies are often used without any written rules or civilian oversight oversight, and the ability of surveillance technology to enhance public safety should be balanced with reasonable safeguards for residents residents civil liberties and privacy.(b) Promoting a safer community through the use of surveillance technology while preserving the protection of civil liberties and privacy are not mutually exclusive goals, and policymakers should be empowered to make informed decisions about what kind of surveillance technologies should be used in their community.(c) Decisions about whether to use surveillance technology for data collection and how to use and store the information collected should not be made by the agencies that would to operate the technology, but by the elected bodies that are directly accountable to the residents in their communities who should also have opportunities to review the decision of whether or not to use surveillance technologies.SEC. 2. Chapter 15 (commencing with Section 54999.8) is added to Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code, to read: CHAPTER 15. Surveillance Policies for Law Enforcement54999.8. The following definitions apply for purposes of this chapter:(a) Exigent circumstances means a law enforcement agencys good faith belief that an emergency involving danger of death or serious physical injury to any person requires use of a surveillance technology or the information it provides. (a)(b) Governing body means the elected body that oversees the law enforcement agency or the law enforcement agencys corresponding geographic area in the case of a county sheriff.(b)(c) Law enforcement agency means any police department, sheriff sheriffs department, college campus, or special district agency created to enforce the law and prevent crime.(c)(d) (1) Surveillance technology means any electronic device or system primarily intended to monitor and collect audio, visual, locational, thermal, or similar information on any individual or group. This includes, but is not limited to, drones with cameras or monitoring capabilities, automated license plate readers, closed-circuit cameras/televisions, international mobile subscriber identity (IMSD) trackers, global positioning system (GPS) technology, radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology, biometrics-identification technology, and facial-recognition technology.(2) Surveillance technology does not include standard electronic devices or systems that have a primary function other than monitoring or collecting audio, visual, locational, thermal, or similar information on any individual or group. This includes, but is not limited to, standard law enforcement agency computers and software, fingerprint scanners, ignition interlock devices, cell phones, two-way radios, or other similar electronic devices.54999.85. (a) On or before July 1, 2018, a law enforcement agency shall submit to its governing body at a properly noticed public meeting on the regular, nonconsent calendar, body a Surveillance Use Policy Policy, which shall be in writing and made publically publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site prior to the public hearing. The hearing and after adoption. The governing body, at a regularly scheduled hearing pursuant to the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code), shall consider the policy for adoption by resolution or ordinance on the regular, nonconsent calendar.(b) The policy shall pertain to any surveillance technologies used already in use by the law enforcement agency and shall include, in separate sections specific to each unique type of surveillance technology, a description of each surveillance technology used by the law enforcement agency. Each section covering a separate technology shall shall, at a minimum include the following:(1)Types of surveillance technology used by the law enforcement agency. (2)(1) Authorized purposes for using the surveillance technology.(3)(2) Types of data that can be and is collected by the surveillance technology.(4)(3) A description of the job title or other designation of employees and independent contractors who are authorized to use the various types of surveillance technology or to access data collected by the surveillance technology. The policy shall identify the and require training requirements necessary for those authorized employees and independent contractors.(5)(4) Title of the official custodian, or owner, of the surveillance technologies technology responsible for implementing this section.(6)(5) A description of how the surveillance technologies technology will be monitored to ensure the security of the information and compliance with applicable privacy laws.(7)(6) The length of time information gathered by the surveillance technologies technology will be retained, and a process to determine if and when to destroy retained information.(8)(7) Purposes of, process for, and restrictions on, on the sale, sharing, or transfer of information to other persons and whether and, if so, how the collected information can be accessed by members of the public, including criminal defendants.(b)A law enforcement agency shall not acquire surveillance technology unless approved by its governing body by adoption, at a regularly scheduled public meeting held pursuant to the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code), of a resolution or ordinance authorizing that acquisition and incorporating the Surveillance Use Policy required by this section.(c) If After July 1, 2018, if a law enforcement agency intends to acquire a new type of surveillance technology after the adoption of the policy required by subdivision (a), the agency shall amend submit an amendment to the policy to include the new type of technology as a new section of the policy and submit the amendment to its governing body for approval consistent with subdivision (b). (a). The amendment shall be made within 10 days of submitted prior to the acquisition of the technology and shall be submitted to the governing body at a properly noticed public meeting on the regular, nonconsent calendar and calendar. The amendment shall be in writing and made publically publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site prior to the public hearing. hearing and after adoption.(d) If, before July 1, 2018, a law enforcement agency has implemented the requirements for automatic automated license plate readers pursuant to Title 1.81.23 (commencing with Section 1798.90.5) of Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code or for cellular communications interception technology pursuant to Article 11 (commencing with Section 53166) of Chapter 1 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code, the law enforcement agency shall include the required information as part of the Surveillance Use Policy required by subdivision (a).(e) At a time interval agreed to by the law enforcement agency and the governing body, a law enforcement agency that uses surveillance technologies and which has an approved Surveillance Use Policy shall submit to its governing body a written Surveillance Technology Use Report. The report shall be made publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site, and shall, at a minimum, include the following:(1) The total costs for each surveillance technology, including personnel costs.(2) A description of how many times each type of technology was used in the preceding year and how many times each type of technology helped apprehend suspects or close a criminal case.(3) A description of the type of data collected by each surveillance technology, including whether each technology captured images, sound, or other data.(4) The number of times and the purposes surveillance technology was borrowed from or lent to another agency, including technologies used under exigent circumstances.(5) The number and classification of the agency employees trained and authorized to use each type of surveillance technology, along with a description of the training provided to agency employees on each type of surveillance technology and how often the training was provided.(6) Disclosure of whether any surveillance technology was used in a manner out of compliance with the agencys Surveillance Use Policy, whether data collected through the use of surveillance technology was inappropriately disclosed, released, or in any other way revealed for a nonapproved reason, and the steps the agency took to correct the error.(e)(f) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit a governing body from adopting additional protocols as they relate to surveillance technology.54999.9.A law enforcement agency shall, by July 1, 2018, develop a process that is consistent with current disciplinary procedures for disciplining agency employees who intentionally use surveillance technology in a manner that is specifically prohibited in the approved surveillance use policy.54999.9. In addition to any other sanctions, penalties, or remedies provided by law, an individual who has been harmed by a violation of this section may bring a civil action in any court of competent jurisdiction against a person who knowingly caused that violation. The court may award a combination of any one or more of the following:(a) Actual damages, but not less than liquidated damages in the amount of two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500).(b) Punitive damages upon proof of willful or reckless disregard of the law.(c) Reasonable attorneys fees and other litigation costs reasonably incurred.(d) Other preliminary and equitable relief as the court determines to be appropriate.54999.95. (a) A law enforcement agency may temporarily acquire or temporarily use a surveillance technology in exigent circumstances without following the provisions of Section 54999.85 before that acquisition or use unless that acquisition or use in exigent circumstances conflicts with, or is preempted by, other state or federal law.(b) If a law enforcement agency acquires or uses a surveillance technology in exigent circumstances, the agency shall report that acquisition or use to the governing body within 90 days following the end of the exigent circumstances, submit an amendment to the agencys Surveillance Use Policy for the technology that was acquired or used, and also include the technology and its use in the agencys Surveillance Technology Use Report.(c) If the agency is unable to comply with the 90-day timeline, the agency shall notify the governing body, which may grant an extension. SEC. 3. If the Commission on State Mandates determines that this act contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement to local agencies and school districts for those costs shall be made pursuant to Part 7 (commencing with Section 17500) of Division 4 of Title 2 of the Government Code.
The people of the State of California do enact as follows:
## The people of the State of California do enact as follows:
SECTION 1. The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:(a) While law enforcement agencies increasingly rely on surveillance technologies because those technologies may enhance community safety and aid in the investigation of crimes, those technologies are often used without any written rules or civilian oversight oversight, and the ability of surveillance technology to enhance public safety should be balanced with reasonable safeguards for residents residents civil liberties and privacy.(b) Promoting a safer community through the use of surveillance technology while preserving the protection of civil liberties and privacy are not mutually exclusive goals, and policymakers should be empowered to make informed decisions about what kind of surveillance technologies should be used in their community.(c) Decisions about whether to use surveillance technology for data collection and how to use and store the information collected should not be made by the agencies that would to operate the technology, but by the elected bodies that are directly accountable to the residents in their communities who should also have opportunities to review the decision of whether or not to use surveillance technologies.
SECTION 1. The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:(a) While law enforcement agencies increasingly rely on surveillance technologies because those technologies may enhance community safety and aid in the investigation of crimes, those technologies are often used without any written rules or civilian oversight oversight, and the ability of surveillance technology to enhance public safety should be balanced with reasonable safeguards for residents residents civil liberties and privacy.(b) Promoting a safer community through the use of surveillance technology while preserving the protection of civil liberties and privacy are not mutually exclusive goals, and policymakers should be empowered to make informed decisions about what kind of surveillance technologies should be used in their community.(c) Decisions about whether to use surveillance technology for data collection and how to use and store the information collected should not be made by the agencies that would to operate the technology, but by the elected bodies that are directly accountable to the residents in their communities who should also have opportunities to review the decision of whether or not to use surveillance technologies.
SECTION 1. The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:
### SECTION 1.
(a) While law enforcement agencies increasingly rely on surveillance technologies because those technologies may enhance community safety and aid in the investigation of crimes, those technologies are often used without any written rules or civilian oversight oversight, and the ability of surveillance technology to enhance public safety should be balanced with reasonable safeguards for residents residents civil liberties and privacy.
(b) Promoting a safer community through the use of surveillance technology while preserving the protection of civil liberties and privacy are not mutually exclusive goals, and policymakers should be empowered to make informed decisions about what kind of surveillance technologies should be used in their community.
(c) Decisions about whether to use surveillance technology for data collection and how to use and store the information collected should not be made by the agencies that would to operate the technology, but by the elected bodies that are directly accountable to the residents in their communities who should also have opportunities to review the decision of whether or not to use surveillance technologies.
SEC. 2. Chapter 15 (commencing with Section 54999.8) is added to Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code, to read: CHAPTER 15. Surveillance Policies for Law Enforcement54999.8. The following definitions apply for purposes of this chapter:(a) Exigent circumstances means a law enforcement agencys good faith belief that an emergency involving danger of death or serious physical injury to any person requires use of a surveillance technology or the information it provides. (a)(b) Governing body means the elected body that oversees the law enforcement agency or the law enforcement agencys corresponding geographic area in the case of a county sheriff.(b)(c) Law enforcement agency means any police department, sheriff sheriffs department, college campus, or special district agency created to enforce the law and prevent crime.(c)(d) (1) Surveillance technology means any electronic device or system primarily intended to monitor and collect audio, visual, locational, thermal, or similar information on any individual or group. This includes, but is not limited to, drones with cameras or monitoring capabilities, automated license plate readers, closed-circuit cameras/televisions, international mobile subscriber identity (IMSD) trackers, global positioning system (GPS) technology, radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology, biometrics-identification technology, and facial-recognition technology.(2) Surveillance technology does not include standard electronic devices or systems that have a primary function other than monitoring or collecting audio, visual, locational, thermal, or similar information on any individual or group. This includes, but is not limited to, standard law enforcement agency computers and software, fingerprint scanners, ignition interlock devices, cell phones, two-way radios, or other similar electronic devices.54999.85. (a) On or before July 1, 2018, a law enforcement agency shall submit to its governing body at a properly noticed public meeting on the regular, nonconsent calendar, body a Surveillance Use Policy Policy, which shall be in writing and made publically publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site prior to the public hearing. The hearing and after adoption. The governing body, at a regularly scheduled hearing pursuant to the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code), shall consider the policy for adoption by resolution or ordinance on the regular, nonconsent calendar.(b) The policy shall pertain to any surveillance technologies used already in use by the law enforcement agency and shall include, in separate sections specific to each unique type of surveillance technology, a description of each surveillance technology used by the law enforcement agency. Each section covering a separate technology shall shall, at a minimum include the following:(1)Types of surveillance technology used by the law enforcement agency. (2)(1) Authorized purposes for using the surveillance technology.(3)(2) Types of data that can be and is collected by the surveillance technology.(4)(3) A description of the job title or other designation of employees and independent contractors who are authorized to use the various types of surveillance technology or to access data collected by the surveillance technology. The policy shall identify the and require training requirements necessary for those authorized employees and independent contractors.(5)(4) Title of the official custodian, or owner, of the surveillance technologies technology responsible for implementing this section.(6)(5) A description of how the surveillance technologies technology will be monitored to ensure the security of the information and compliance with applicable privacy laws.(7)(6) The length of time information gathered by the surveillance technologies technology will be retained, and a process to determine if and when to destroy retained information.(8)(7) Purposes of, process for, and restrictions on, on the sale, sharing, or transfer of information to other persons and whether and, if so, how the collected information can be accessed by members of the public, including criminal defendants.(b)A law enforcement agency shall not acquire surveillance technology unless approved by its governing body by adoption, at a regularly scheduled public meeting held pursuant to the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code), of a resolution or ordinance authorizing that acquisition and incorporating the Surveillance Use Policy required by this section.(c) If After July 1, 2018, if a law enforcement agency intends to acquire a new type of surveillance technology after the adoption of the policy required by subdivision (a), the agency shall amend submit an amendment to the policy to include the new type of technology as a new section of the policy and submit the amendment to its governing body for approval consistent with subdivision (b). (a). The amendment shall be made within 10 days of submitted prior to the acquisition of the technology and shall be submitted to the governing body at a properly noticed public meeting on the regular, nonconsent calendar and calendar. The amendment shall be in writing and made publically publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site prior to the public hearing. hearing and after adoption.(d) If, before July 1, 2018, a law enforcement agency has implemented the requirements for automatic automated license plate readers pursuant to Title 1.81.23 (commencing with Section 1798.90.5) of Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code or for cellular communications interception technology pursuant to Article 11 (commencing with Section 53166) of Chapter 1 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code, the law enforcement agency shall include the required information as part of the Surveillance Use Policy required by subdivision (a).(e) At a time interval agreed to by the law enforcement agency and the governing body, a law enforcement agency that uses surveillance technologies and which has an approved Surveillance Use Policy shall submit to its governing body a written Surveillance Technology Use Report. The report shall be made publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site, and shall, at a minimum, include the following:(1) The total costs for each surveillance technology, including personnel costs.(2) A description of how many times each type of technology was used in the preceding year and how many times each type of technology helped apprehend suspects or close a criminal case.(3) A description of the type of data collected by each surveillance technology, including whether each technology captured images, sound, or other data.(4) The number of times and the purposes surveillance technology was borrowed from or lent to another agency, including technologies used under exigent circumstances.(5) The number and classification of the agency employees trained and authorized to use each type of surveillance technology, along with a description of the training provided to agency employees on each type of surveillance technology and how often the training was provided.(6) Disclosure of whether any surveillance technology was used in a manner out of compliance with the agencys Surveillance Use Policy, whether data collected through the use of surveillance technology was inappropriately disclosed, released, or in any other way revealed for a nonapproved reason, and the steps the agency took to correct the error.(e)(f) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit a governing body from adopting additional protocols as they relate to surveillance technology.54999.9.A law enforcement agency shall, by July 1, 2018, develop a process that is consistent with current disciplinary procedures for disciplining agency employees who intentionally use surveillance technology in a manner that is specifically prohibited in the approved surveillance use policy.54999.9. In addition to any other sanctions, penalties, or remedies provided by law, an individual who has been harmed by a violation of this section may bring a civil action in any court of competent jurisdiction against a person who knowingly caused that violation. The court may award a combination of any one or more of the following:(a) Actual damages, but not less than liquidated damages in the amount of two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500).(b) Punitive damages upon proof of willful or reckless disregard of the law.(c) Reasonable attorneys fees and other litigation costs reasonably incurred.(d) Other preliminary and equitable relief as the court determines to be appropriate.54999.95. (a) A law enforcement agency may temporarily acquire or temporarily use a surveillance technology in exigent circumstances without following the provisions of Section 54999.85 before that acquisition or use unless that acquisition or use in exigent circumstances conflicts with, or is preempted by, other state or federal law.(b) If a law enforcement agency acquires or uses a surveillance technology in exigent circumstances, the agency shall report that acquisition or use to the governing body within 90 days following the end of the exigent circumstances, submit an amendment to the agencys Surveillance Use Policy for the technology that was acquired or used, and also include the technology and its use in the agencys Surveillance Technology Use Report.(c) If the agency is unable to comply with the 90-day timeline, the agency shall notify the governing body, which may grant an extension.
SEC. 2. Chapter 15 (commencing with Section 54999.8) is added to Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code, to read:
### SEC. 2.
CHAPTER 15. Surveillance Policies for Law Enforcement54999.8. The following definitions apply for purposes of this chapter:(a) Exigent circumstances means a law enforcement agencys good faith belief that an emergency involving danger of death or serious physical injury to any person requires use of a surveillance technology or the information it provides. (a)(b) Governing body means the elected body that oversees the law enforcement agency or the law enforcement agencys corresponding geographic area in the case of a county sheriff.(b)(c) Law enforcement agency means any police department, sheriff sheriffs department, college campus, or special district agency created to enforce the law and prevent crime.(c)(d) (1) Surveillance technology means any electronic device or system primarily intended to monitor and collect audio, visual, locational, thermal, or similar information on any individual or group. This includes, but is not limited to, drones with cameras or monitoring capabilities, automated license plate readers, closed-circuit cameras/televisions, international mobile subscriber identity (IMSD) trackers, global positioning system (GPS) technology, radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology, biometrics-identification technology, and facial-recognition technology.(2) Surveillance technology does not include standard electronic devices or systems that have a primary function other than monitoring or collecting audio, visual, locational, thermal, or similar information on any individual or group. This includes, but is not limited to, standard law enforcement agency computers and software, fingerprint scanners, ignition interlock devices, cell phones, two-way radios, or other similar electronic devices.54999.85. (a) On or before July 1, 2018, a law enforcement agency shall submit to its governing body at a properly noticed public meeting on the regular, nonconsent calendar, body a Surveillance Use Policy Policy, which shall be in writing and made publically publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site prior to the public hearing. The hearing and after adoption. The governing body, at a regularly scheduled hearing pursuant to the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code), shall consider the policy for adoption by resolution or ordinance on the regular, nonconsent calendar.(b) The policy shall pertain to any surveillance technologies used already in use by the law enforcement agency and shall include, in separate sections specific to each unique type of surveillance technology, a description of each surveillance technology used by the law enforcement agency. Each section covering a separate technology shall shall, at a minimum include the following:(1)Types of surveillance technology used by the law enforcement agency. (2)(1) Authorized purposes for using the surveillance technology.(3)(2) Types of data that can be and is collected by the surveillance technology.(4)(3) A description of the job title or other designation of employees and independent contractors who are authorized to use the various types of surveillance technology or to access data collected by the surveillance technology. The policy shall identify the and require training requirements necessary for those authorized employees and independent contractors.(5)(4) Title of the official custodian, or owner, of the surveillance technologies technology responsible for implementing this section.(6)(5) A description of how the surveillance technologies technology will be monitored to ensure the security of the information and compliance with applicable privacy laws.(7)(6) The length of time information gathered by the surveillance technologies technology will be retained, and a process to determine if and when to destroy retained information.(8)(7) Purposes of, process for, and restrictions on, on the sale, sharing, or transfer of information to other persons and whether and, if so, how the collected information can be accessed by members of the public, including criminal defendants.(b)A law enforcement agency shall not acquire surveillance technology unless approved by its governing body by adoption, at a regularly scheduled public meeting held pursuant to the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code), of a resolution or ordinance authorizing that acquisition and incorporating the Surveillance Use Policy required by this section.(c) If After July 1, 2018, if a law enforcement agency intends to acquire a new type of surveillance technology after the adoption of the policy required by subdivision (a), the agency shall amend submit an amendment to the policy to include the new type of technology as a new section of the policy and submit the amendment to its governing body for approval consistent with subdivision (b). (a). The amendment shall be made within 10 days of submitted prior to the acquisition of the technology and shall be submitted to the governing body at a properly noticed public meeting on the regular, nonconsent calendar and calendar. The amendment shall be in writing and made publically publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site prior to the public hearing. hearing and after adoption.(d) If, before July 1, 2018, a law enforcement agency has implemented the requirements for automatic automated license plate readers pursuant to Title 1.81.23 (commencing with Section 1798.90.5) of Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code or for cellular communications interception technology pursuant to Article 11 (commencing with Section 53166) of Chapter 1 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code, the law enforcement agency shall include the required information as part of the Surveillance Use Policy required by subdivision (a).(e) At a time interval agreed to by the law enforcement agency and the governing body, a law enforcement agency that uses surveillance technologies and which has an approved Surveillance Use Policy shall submit to its governing body a written Surveillance Technology Use Report. The report shall be made publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site, and shall, at a minimum, include the following:(1) The total costs for each surveillance technology, including personnel costs.(2) A description of how many times each type of technology was used in the preceding year and how many times each type of technology helped apprehend suspects or close a criminal case.(3) A description of the type of data collected by each surveillance technology, including whether each technology captured images, sound, or other data.(4) The number of times and the purposes surveillance technology was borrowed from or lent to another agency, including technologies used under exigent circumstances.(5) The number and classification of the agency employees trained and authorized to use each type of surveillance technology, along with a description of the training provided to agency employees on each type of surveillance technology and how often the training was provided.(6) Disclosure of whether any surveillance technology was used in a manner out of compliance with the agencys Surveillance Use Policy, whether data collected through the use of surveillance technology was inappropriately disclosed, released, or in any other way revealed for a nonapproved reason, and the steps the agency took to correct the error.(e)(f) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit a governing body from adopting additional protocols as they relate to surveillance technology.54999.9.A law enforcement agency shall, by July 1, 2018, develop a process that is consistent with current disciplinary procedures for disciplining agency employees who intentionally use surveillance technology in a manner that is specifically prohibited in the approved surveillance use policy.54999.9. In addition to any other sanctions, penalties, or remedies provided by law, an individual who has been harmed by a violation of this section may bring a civil action in any court of competent jurisdiction against a person who knowingly caused that violation. The court may award a combination of any one or more of the following:(a) Actual damages, but not less than liquidated damages in the amount of two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500).(b) Punitive damages upon proof of willful or reckless disregard of the law.(c) Reasonable attorneys fees and other litigation costs reasonably incurred.(d) Other preliminary and equitable relief as the court determines to be appropriate.54999.95. (a) A law enforcement agency may temporarily acquire or temporarily use a surveillance technology in exigent circumstances without following the provisions of Section 54999.85 before that acquisition or use unless that acquisition or use in exigent circumstances conflicts with, or is preempted by, other state or federal law.(b) If a law enforcement agency acquires or uses a surveillance technology in exigent circumstances, the agency shall report that acquisition or use to the governing body within 90 days following the end of the exigent circumstances, submit an amendment to the agencys Surveillance Use Policy for the technology that was acquired or used, and also include the technology and its use in the agencys Surveillance Technology Use Report.(c) If the agency is unable to comply with the 90-day timeline, the agency shall notify the governing body, which may grant an extension.
CHAPTER 15. Surveillance Policies for Law Enforcement54999.8. The following definitions apply for purposes of this chapter:(a) Exigent circumstances means a law enforcement agencys good faith belief that an emergency involving danger of death or serious physical injury to any person requires use of a surveillance technology or the information it provides. (a)(b) Governing body means the elected body that oversees the law enforcement agency or the law enforcement agencys corresponding geographic area in the case of a county sheriff.(b)(c) Law enforcement agency means any police department, sheriff sheriffs department, college campus, or special district agency created to enforce the law and prevent crime.(c)(d) (1) Surveillance technology means any electronic device or system primarily intended to monitor and collect audio, visual, locational, thermal, or similar information on any individual or group. This includes, but is not limited to, drones with cameras or monitoring capabilities, automated license plate readers, closed-circuit cameras/televisions, international mobile subscriber identity (IMSD) trackers, global positioning system (GPS) technology, radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology, biometrics-identification technology, and facial-recognition technology.(2) Surveillance technology does not include standard electronic devices or systems that have a primary function other than monitoring or collecting audio, visual, locational, thermal, or similar information on any individual or group. This includes, but is not limited to, standard law enforcement agency computers and software, fingerprint scanners, ignition interlock devices, cell phones, two-way radios, or other similar electronic devices.54999.85. (a) On or before July 1, 2018, a law enforcement agency shall submit to its governing body at a properly noticed public meeting on the regular, nonconsent calendar, body a Surveillance Use Policy Policy, which shall be in writing and made publically publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site prior to the public hearing. The hearing and after adoption. The governing body, at a regularly scheduled hearing pursuant to the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code), shall consider the policy for adoption by resolution or ordinance on the regular, nonconsent calendar.(b) The policy shall pertain to any surveillance technologies used already in use by the law enforcement agency and shall include, in separate sections specific to each unique type of surveillance technology, a description of each surveillance technology used by the law enforcement agency. Each section covering a separate technology shall shall, at a minimum include the following:(1)Types of surveillance technology used by the law enforcement agency. (2)(1) Authorized purposes for using the surveillance technology.(3)(2) Types of data that can be and is collected by the surveillance technology.(4)(3) A description of the job title or other designation of employees and independent contractors who are authorized to use the various types of surveillance technology or to access data collected by the surveillance technology. The policy shall identify the and require training requirements necessary for those authorized employees and independent contractors.(5)(4) Title of the official custodian, or owner, of the surveillance technologies technology responsible for implementing this section.(6)(5) A description of how the surveillance technologies technology will be monitored to ensure the security of the information and compliance with applicable privacy laws.(7)(6) The length of time information gathered by the surveillance technologies technology will be retained, and a process to determine if and when to destroy retained information.(8)(7) Purposes of, process for, and restrictions on, on the sale, sharing, or transfer of information to other persons and whether and, if so, how the collected information can be accessed by members of the public, including criminal defendants.(b)A law enforcement agency shall not acquire surveillance technology unless approved by its governing body by adoption, at a regularly scheduled public meeting held pursuant to the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code), of a resolution or ordinance authorizing that acquisition and incorporating the Surveillance Use Policy required by this section.(c) If After July 1, 2018, if a law enforcement agency intends to acquire a new type of surveillance technology after the adoption of the policy required by subdivision (a), the agency shall amend submit an amendment to the policy to include the new type of technology as a new section of the policy and submit the amendment to its governing body for approval consistent with subdivision (b). (a). The amendment shall be made within 10 days of submitted prior to the acquisition of the technology and shall be submitted to the governing body at a properly noticed public meeting on the regular, nonconsent calendar and calendar. The amendment shall be in writing and made publically publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site prior to the public hearing. hearing and after adoption.(d) If, before July 1, 2018, a law enforcement agency has implemented the requirements for automatic automated license plate readers pursuant to Title 1.81.23 (commencing with Section 1798.90.5) of Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code or for cellular communications interception technology pursuant to Article 11 (commencing with Section 53166) of Chapter 1 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code, the law enforcement agency shall include the required information as part of the Surveillance Use Policy required by subdivision (a).(e) At a time interval agreed to by the law enforcement agency and the governing body, a law enforcement agency that uses surveillance technologies and which has an approved Surveillance Use Policy shall submit to its governing body a written Surveillance Technology Use Report. The report shall be made publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site, and shall, at a minimum, include the following:(1) The total costs for each surveillance technology, including personnel costs.(2) A description of how many times each type of technology was used in the preceding year and how many times each type of technology helped apprehend suspects or close a criminal case.(3) A description of the type of data collected by each surveillance technology, including whether each technology captured images, sound, or other data.(4) The number of times and the purposes surveillance technology was borrowed from or lent to another agency, including technologies used under exigent circumstances.(5) The number and classification of the agency employees trained and authorized to use each type of surveillance technology, along with a description of the training provided to agency employees on each type of surveillance technology and how often the training was provided.(6) Disclosure of whether any surveillance technology was used in a manner out of compliance with the agencys Surveillance Use Policy, whether data collected through the use of surveillance technology was inappropriately disclosed, released, or in any other way revealed for a nonapproved reason, and the steps the agency took to correct the error.(e)(f) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit a governing body from adopting additional protocols as they relate to surveillance technology.54999.9.A law enforcement agency shall, by July 1, 2018, develop a process that is consistent with current disciplinary procedures for disciplining agency employees who intentionally use surveillance technology in a manner that is specifically prohibited in the approved surveillance use policy.54999.9. In addition to any other sanctions, penalties, or remedies provided by law, an individual who has been harmed by a violation of this section may bring a civil action in any court of competent jurisdiction against a person who knowingly caused that violation. The court may award a combination of any one or more of the following:(a) Actual damages, but not less than liquidated damages in the amount of two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500).(b) Punitive damages upon proof of willful or reckless disregard of the law.(c) Reasonable attorneys fees and other litigation costs reasonably incurred.(d) Other preliminary and equitable relief as the court determines to be appropriate.54999.95. (a) A law enforcement agency may temporarily acquire or temporarily use a surveillance technology in exigent circumstances without following the provisions of Section 54999.85 before that acquisition or use unless that acquisition or use in exigent circumstances conflicts with, or is preempted by, other state or federal law.(b) If a law enforcement agency acquires or uses a surveillance technology in exigent circumstances, the agency shall report that acquisition or use to the governing body within 90 days following the end of the exigent circumstances, submit an amendment to the agencys Surveillance Use Policy for the technology that was acquired or used, and also include the technology and its use in the agencys Surveillance Technology Use Report.(c) If the agency is unable to comply with the 90-day timeline, the agency shall notify the governing body, which may grant an extension.
CHAPTER 15. Surveillance Policies for Law Enforcement
CHAPTER 15. Surveillance Policies for Law Enforcement
54999.8. The following definitions apply for purposes of this chapter:(a) Exigent circumstances means a law enforcement agencys good faith belief that an emergency involving danger of death or serious physical injury to any person requires use of a surveillance technology or the information it provides. (a)(b) Governing body means the elected body that oversees the law enforcement agency or the law enforcement agencys corresponding geographic area in the case of a county sheriff.(b)(c) Law enforcement agency means any police department, sheriff sheriffs department, college campus, or special district agency created to enforce the law and prevent crime.(c)(d) (1) Surveillance technology means any electronic device or system primarily intended to monitor and collect audio, visual, locational, thermal, or similar information on any individual or group. This includes, but is not limited to, drones with cameras or monitoring capabilities, automated license plate readers, closed-circuit cameras/televisions, international mobile subscriber identity (IMSD) trackers, global positioning system (GPS) technology, radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology, biometrics-identification technology, and facial-recognition technology.(2) Surveillance technology does not include standard electronic devices or systems that have a primary function other than monitoring or collecting audio, visual, locational, thermal, or similar information on any individual or group. This includes, but is not limited to, standard law enforcement agency computers and software, fingerprint scanners, ignition interlock devices, cell phones, two-way radios, or other similar electronic devices.
54999.8. The following definitions apply for purposes of this chapter:
(a) Exigent circumstances means a law enforcement agencys good faith belief that an emergency involving danger of death or serious physical injury to any person requires use of a surveillance technology or the information it provides.
(a)
(b) Governing body means the elected body that oversees the law enforcement agency or the law enforcement agencys corresponding geographic area in the case of a county sheriff.
(b)
(c) Law enforcement agency means any police department, sheriff sheriffs department, college campus, or special district agency created to enforce the law and prevent crime.
(c)
(d) (1) Surveillance technology means any electronic device or system primarily intended to monitor and collect audio, visual, locational, thermal, or similar information on any individual or group. This includes, but is not limited to, drones with cameras or monitoring capabilities, automated license plate readers, closed-circuit cameras/televisions, international mobile subscriber identity (IMSD) trackers, global positioning system (GPS) technology, radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology, biometrics-identification technology, and facial-recognition technology.
(2) Surveillance technology does not include standard electronic devices or systems that have a primary function other than monitoring or collecting audio, visual, locational, thermal, or similar information on any individual or group. This includes, but is not limited to, standard law enforcement agency computers and software, fingerprint scanners, ignition interlock devices, cell phones, two-way radios, or other similar electronic devices.
54999.85. (a) On or before July 1, 2018, a law enforcement agency shall submit to its governing body at a properly noticed public meeting on the regular, nonconsent calendar, body a Surveillance Use Policy Policy, which shall be in writing and made publically publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site prior to the public hearing. The hearing and after adoption. The governing body, at a regularly scheduled hearing pursuant to the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code), shall consider the policy for adoption by resolution or ordinance on the regular, nonconsent calendar.(b) The policy shall pertain to any surveillance technologies used already in use by the law enforcement agency and shall include, in separate sections specific to each unique type of surveillance technology, a description of each surveillance technology used by the law enforcement agency. Each section covering a separate technology shall shall, at a minimum include the following:(1)Types of surveillance technology used by the law enforcement agency. (2)(1) Authorized purposes for using the surveillance technology.(3)(2) Types of data that can be and is collected by the surveillance technology.(4)(3) A description of the job title or other designation of employees and independent contractors who are authorized to use the various types of surveillance technology or to access data collected by the surveillance technology. The policy shall identify the and require training requirements necessary for those authorized employees and independent contractors.(5)(4) Title of the official custodian, or owner, of the surveillance technologies technology responsible for implementing this section.(6)(5) A description of how the surveillance technologies technology will be monitored to ensure the security of the information and compliance with applicable privacy laws.(7)(6) The length of time information gathered by the surveillance technologies technology will be retained, and a process to determine if and when to destroy retained information.(8)(7) Purposes of, process for, and restrictions on, on the sale, sharing, or transfer of information to other persons and whether and, if so, how the collected information can be accessed by members of the public, including criminal defendants.(b)A law enforcement agency shall not acquire surveillance technology unless approved by its governing body by adoption, at a regularly scheduled public meeting held pursuant to the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code), of a resolution or ordinance authorizing that acquisition and incorporating the Surveillance Use Policy required by this section.(c) If After July 1, 2018, if a law enforcement agency intends to acquire a new type of surveillance technology after the adoption of the policy required by subdivision (a), the agency shall amend submit an amendment to the policy to include the new type of technology as a new section of the policy and submit the amendment to its governing body for approval consistent with subdivision (b). (a). The amendment shall be made within 10 days of submitted prior to the acquisition of the technology and shall be submitted to the governing body at a properly noticed public meeting on the regular, nonconsent calendar and calendar. The amendment shall be in writing and made publically publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site prior to the public hearing. hearing and after adoption.(d) If, before July 1, 2018, a law enforcement agency has implemented the requirements for automatic automated license plate readers pursuant to Title 1.81.23 (commencing with Section 1798.90.5) of Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code or for cellular communications interception technology pursuant to Article 11 (commencing with Section 53166) of Chapter 1 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code, the law enforcement agency shall include the required information as part of the Surveillance Use Policy required by subdivision (a).(e) At a time interval agreed to by the law enforcement agency and the governing body, a law enforcement agency that uses surveillance technologies and which has an approved Surveillance Use Policy shall submit to its governing body a written Surveillance Technology Use Report. The report shall be made publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site, and shall, at a minimum, include the following:(1) The total costs for each surveillance technology, including personnel costs.(2) A description of how many times each type of technology was used in the preceding year and how many times each type of technology helped apprehend suspects or close a criminal case.(3) A description of the type of data collected by each surveillance technology, including whether each technology captured images, sound, or other data.(4) The number of times and the purposes surveillance technology was borrowed from or lent to another agency, including technologies used under exigent circumstances.(5) The number and classification of the agency employees trained and authorized to use each type of surveillance technology, along with a description of the training provided to agency employees on each type of surveillance technology and how often the training was provided.(6) Disclosure of whether any surveillance technology was used in a manner out of compliance with the agencys Surveillance Use Policy, whether data collected through the use of surveillance technology was inappropriately disclosed, released, or in any other way revealed for a nonapproved reason, and the steps the agency took to correct the error.(e)(f) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit a governing body from adopting additional protocols as they relate to surveillance technology.
54999.85. (a) On or before July 1, 2018, a law enforcement agency shall submit to its governing body at a properly noticed public meeting on the regular, nonconsent calendar, body a Surveillance Use Policy Policy, which shall be in writing and made publically publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site prior to the public hearing. The hearing and after adoption. The governing body, at a regularly scheduled hearing pursuant to the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code), shall consider the policy for adoption by resolution or ordinance on the regular, nonconsent calendar.
(b) The policy shall pertain to any surveillance technologies used already in use by the law enforcement agency and shall include, in separate sections specific to each unique type of surveillance technology, a description of each surveillance technology used by the law enforcement agency. Each section covering a separate technology shall shall, at a minimum include the following:
(1)Types of surveillance technology used by the law enforcement agency.
(2)
(1) Authorized purposes for using the surveillance technology.
(3)
(2) Types of data that can be and is collected by the surveillance technology.
(4)
(3) A description of the job title or other designation of employees and independent contractors who are authorized to use the various types of surveillance technology or to access data collected by the surveillance technology. The policy shall identify the and require training requirements necessary for those authorized employees and independent contractors.
(5)
(4) Title of the official custodian, or owner, of the surveillance technologies technology responsible for implementing this section.
(6)
(5) A description of how the surveillance technologies technology will be monitored to ensure the security of the information and compliance with applicable privacy laws.
(7)
(6) The length of time information gathered by the surveillance technologies technology will be retained, and a process to determine if and when to destroy retained information.
(8)
(7) Purposes of, process for, and restrictions on, on the sale, sharing, or transfer of information to other persons and whether and, if so, how the collected information can be accessed by members of the public, including criminal defendants.
(b)A law enforcement agency shall not acquire surveillance technology unless approved by its governing body by adoption, at a regularly scheduled public meeting held pursuant to the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code), of a resolution or ordinance authorizing that acquisition and incorporating the Surveillance Use Policy required by this section.
(c) If After July 1, 2018, if a law enforcement agency intends to acquire a new type of surveillance technology after the adoption of the policy required by subdivision (a), the agency shall amend submit an amendment to the policy to include the new type of technology as a new section of the policy and submit the amendment to its governing body for approval consistent with subdivision (b). (a). The amendment shall be made within 10 days of submitted prior to the acquisition of the technology and shall be submitted to the governing body at a properly noticed public meeting on the regular, nonconsent calendar and calendar. The amendment shall be in writing and made publically publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site prior to the public hearing. hearing and after adoption.
(d) If, before July 1, 2018, a law enforcement agency has implemented the requirements for automatic automated license plate readers pursuant to Title 1.81.23 (commencing with Section 1798.90.5) of Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code or for cellular communications interception technology pursuant to Article 11 (commencing with Section 53166) of Chapter 1 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code, the law enforcement agency shall include the required information as part of the Surveillance Use Policy required by subdivision (a).
(e) At a time interval agreed to by the law enforcement agency and the governing body, a law enforcement agency that uses surveillance technologies and which has an approved Surveillance Use Policy shall submit to its governing body a written Surveillance Technology Use Report. The report shall be made publicly available on the agencys Internet Web site, and shall, at a minimum, include the following:
(1) The total costs for each surveillance technology, including personnel costs.
(2) A description of how many times each type of technology was used in the preceding year and how many times each type of technology helped apprehend suspects or close a criminal case.
(3) A description of the type of data collected by each surveillance technology, including whether each technology captured images, sound, or other data.
(4) The number of times and the purposes surveillance technology was borrowed from or lent to another agency, including technologies used under exigent circumstances.
(5) The number and classification of the agency employees trained and authorized to use each type of surveillance technology, along with a description of the training provided to agency employees on each type of surveillance technology and how often the training was provided.
(6) Disclosure of whether any surveillance technology was used in a manner out of compliance with the agencys Surveillance Use Policy, whether data collected through the use of surveillance technology was inappropriately disclosed, released, or in any other way revealed for a nonapproved reason, and the steps the agency took to correct the error.
(e)
(f) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit a governing body from adopting additional protocols as they relate to surveillance technology.
A law enforcement agency shall, by July 1, 2018, develop a process that is consistent with current disciplinary procedures for disciplining agency employees who intentionally use surveillance technology in a manner that is specifically prohibited in the approved surveillance use policy.
54999.9. In addition to any other sanctions, penalties, or remedies provided by law, an individual who has been harmed by a violation of this section may bring a civil action in any court of competent jurisdiction against a person who knowingly caused that violation. The court may award a combination of any one or more of the following:(a) Actual damages, but not less than liquidated damages in the amount of two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500).(b) Punitive damages upon proof of willful or reckless disregard of the law.(c) Reasonable attorneys fees and other litigation costs reasonably incurred.(d) Other preliminary and equitable relief as the court determines to be appropriate.
54999.9. In addition to any other sanctions, penalties, or remedies provided by law, an individual who has been harmed by a violation of this section may bring a civil action in any court of competent jurisdiction against a person who knowingly caused that violation. The court may award a combination of any one or more of the following:
(a) Actual damages, but not less than liquidated damages in the amount of two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500).
(b) Punitive damages upon proof of willful or reckless disregard of the law.
(c) Reasonable attorneys fees and other litigation costs reasonably incurred.
(d) Other preliminary and equitable relief as the court determines to be appropriate.
54999.95. (a) A law enforcement agency may temporarily acquire or temporarily use a surveillance technology in exigent circumstances without following the provisions of Section 54999.85 before that acquisition or use unless that acquisition or use in exigent circumstances conflicts with, or is preempted by, other state or federal law.(b) If a law enforcement agency acquires or uses a surveillance technology in exigent circumstances, the agency shall report that acquisition or use to the governing body within 90 days following the end of the exigent circumstances, submit an amendment to the agencys Surveillance Use Policy for the technology that was acquired or used, and also include the technology and its use in the agencys Surveillance Technology Use Report.(c) If the agency is unable to comply with the 90-day timeline, the agency shall notify the governing body, which may grant an extension.
54999.95. (a) A law enforcement agency may temporarily acquire or temporarily use a surveillance technology in exigent circumstances without following the provisions of Section 54999.85 before that acquisition or use unless that acquisition or use in exigent circumstances conflicts with, or is preempted by, other state or federal law.
(b) If a law enforcement agency acquires or uses a surveillance technology in exigent circumstances, the agency shall report that acquisition or use to the governing body within 90 days following the end of the exigent circumstances, submit an amendment to the agencys Surveillance Use Policy for the technology that was acquired or used, and also include the technology and its use in the agencys Surveillance Technology Use Report.
(c) If the agency is unable to comply with the 90-day timeline, the agency shall notify the governing body, which may grant an extension.
SEC. 3. If the Commission on State Mandates determines that this act contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement to local agencies and school districts for those costs shall be made pursuant to Part 7 (commencing with Section 17500) of Division 4 of Title 2 of the Government Code.
SEC. 3. If the Commission on State Mandates determines that this act contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement to local agencies and school districts for those costs shall be made pursuant to Part 7 (commencing with Section 17500) of Division 4 of Title 2 of the Government Code.
SEC. 3. If the Commission on State Mandates determines that this act contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement to local agencies and school districts for those costs shall be made pursuant to Part 7 (commencing with Section 17500) of Division 4 of Title 2 of the Government Code.
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