Amended IN Assembly May 19, 2021 CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE 20212022 REGULAR SESSION Senate Bill No. 494Introduced by Senator DoddFebruary 17, 2021 An act to amend Section 19596.2 of the Business and Professions Code, relating to horse racing. add Section 13519.11 to the Penal Code, relating to law enforcement.LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGESTSB 494, as amended, Dodd. Horse racing: out-of-state thoroughbred races: Delaware Handicap. Law enforcement: training.Existing law establishes the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training. Existing law requires the commission to develop guidelines and implement courses of instruction regarding racial profiling, domestic violence, hate crimes, vehicle pursuits, and human trafficking, among others. Existing law establishes the Robert Presley Institute of Criminal Investigation which provides training courses for criminal investigators, including core instruction on matters common to all investigative activities and specialty courses in various investigative specialities.This bill would require the commission, by January 1, 2023, to implement a course of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers in the use of ethical human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills. The bill would require the course to be incorporated into the course or courses of basic training for law enforcement officers. The bill would also require, by January 1, 2023, a course for criminal law enforcement investigators and for officers training to become detectives in science-based interviewing and would require this training to be included within the core course required by the Robert Presley Institute of Criminal Investigation. The bill would require the commission to develop the specified courses, training standards, learning and performance objectives, and guidelines in consultation with individuals or groups with expertise in the field of human engagement and science-based interviewing. The bill would also require law enforcement agencies to adopt and promulgate specific policies and require regular and periodic training on ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing. By requiring the law enforcement agencies to implement additional policies and training, this bill imposes as state-mandated local program.The bill would include legislative findings and declarations, and would make a related statement of legislative intent.The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to the statutory provisions noted above.The Horse Racing Law authorizes a thoroughbred racing association or fair to distribute the audiovisual signal and accept wagers on the results of out-of-state thoroughbred races conducted in the United States during the calendar period the association or fair is conducting a race meeting, including days on which there is no live racing being conducted by the association or fair, without the consent of the organization that represents horsemen and horsewomen participating in the race meeting and without regard to the amount of purses. Under that law, the total number of thoroughbred races imported by associations or fairs on a statewide basis under these provisions are required to not exceed 50 per day on days when live thoroughbred or fair racing is being conducted in the state, with the exception of prescribed races.This bill would exempt from the 50 imported race per day limitation races imported that are part of the race card of the Delaware Handicap.Digest Key Vote: MAJORITY Appropriation: NO Fiscal Committee: NOYES Local Program: NOYES Bill TextThe people of the State of California do enact as follows:SECTION 1. The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:(a) The highest priority of California law enforcement is safeguarding the life, dignity, and liberty of all persons, without prejudice to anyone.(b) Law enforcement officers shall be guided by the principle of reverence for human life in all investigative, enforcement, and other contacts between officers and members of the public.(c) Beginning with the proliferation of physically abusive and aggressive tactics in the early 20th century, law enforcement agents employed what they deemed the most effective means for getting suspects to confess. In the early 1940s, harsh interrogation practices eventually gave way to less physically abusive, but more psychologically manipulative techniques. These tactics, later referred to as the Reid Technique, taught investigators how to detect lies and elicit confessions using an array of psychological strategies.(d) Now more than 75 years old, the Reid Techniques dominance in the United States criminal-interrogation realm is pervasive and relies heavily on assuming guilt, assessing behavioral clues of deception, and administering psychological manipulation.(e) Over the past 15 years, the Reid Technique has come under intense scrutiny in part because it is based more on anecdote and tradition than on scientific research. (f) The architects of the Reid Technique have failed to produce empirical evidence supporting the validity of assessing behavior to determine culpability. A 2006 meta-analysis study found the aptitude to correctly detect deception, regardless of expertise, averaged only 54 percent.(g) A compounding problem with relying on behavior to distinguish between truth and lies is twofold: interrogators often overestimate their ability to detect deception, which then intensifies the accusatorial nature of the interview. These flawed interrogation tactics collectively increase the potential for false confessions.(h) In 2009, at the direction of the Obama Administration, the United States government created the High-Value Detainee Interrogation Group (HIG) in response to the highly publicized post-9/11 interrogation tactics the United States used on terrorist suspects. The HIG is tasked with conducting research in the field of interviewing and interrogations to identify the most effective and ethical means to obtain information from suspects.(i) Since the groups establishment, HIG-supported researchers have published more than 100 pieces of scientific literature in the field of interviewing and interrogations. The group has also provided instruction to multiple United States law enforcement and military institutions, including the Los Angeles Police Department, the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, and the Air Force Office of Special Investigations, on the use of evidence-based methods of interviewing.(j) The intent of this act is to identify and establish the minimum standards for policies and training regarding ethical science-based interviewing as well as human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills with respect for human rights, dignity, and life.SEC. 2. Section 13519.11 is added to the Penal Code, to read:13519.11. (a) (1) The commission shall develop and implement, on or before January 1, 2023, a course or courses of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers in ethical human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills.(2) This course shall be incorporated into the course or courses of basic training for law enforcement officers.(b) (1) The commission shall develop and implement, on or before January 1, 2023, a course or courses of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers training to become detectives and criminal law enforcement investigators in ethical science-based interviewing.(2) This course shall be incorporated into the core course required by the Robert Presley Institute of Criminal Investigation.(c) The commission shall develop the courses of instruction, the learning and performance objectives, the standards for the training, and guidelines consistent with relevant peer-reviewed research in consultation with groups and individuals having an interest and expertise in the field of human engagement and science-based interviewing. The groups and individuals shall include, but are not limited to, law enforcement agencies, police academy instructors, subject matter experts, prosecutors, and members of the public.(d) The commission, in consultation with these groups and individuals, shall review existing training programs to determine how ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing may be included as part of existing programs.(e) Each law enforcement agency shall adopt and promulgate specific policies, and require regular and periodic training on ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing.SEC. 3. If the Commission on State Mandates determines that this act contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement to local agencies and school districts for those costs shall be made pursuant to Part 7 (commencing with Section 17500) of Division 4 of Title 2 of the Government Code.SECTION 1.Section 19596.2 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:19596.2.(a)Notwithstanding any other law and except as provided in Section 19596.4, a thoroughbred racing association or fair may distribute the audiovisual signal and accept wagers on the results of out-of-state thoroughbred races conducted in the United States during the calendar period the association or fair is conducting a race meeting, including days on which there is no live racing being conducted by the association or fair, without the consent of the organization that represents horsemen and horsewomen participating in the race meeting and without regard to the amount of purses. Further, the total number of thoroughbred races imported by associations or fairs on a statewide basis under this section shall not exceed 50 per day on days when live thoroughbred or fair racing is being conducted in the state. The limitation of 50 imported races per day does not apply to any of the following:(1)Races imported for wagering purposes pursuant to subdivision (c).(2)Races imported that are part of the race card of the Kentucky Derby, the Kentucky Oaks, the Preakness Stakes, the Belmont Stakes, the Jockey Club Gold Cup, the Travers Stakes, the Arlington Million, the Breeders Cup, the Dubai World Cup, the Arkansas Derby, the Delaware Handicap, the Apple Blossom Handicap, or the Haskell Invitational.(3)Races imported into the northern zone when there is no live thoroughbred or fair racing being conducted in the northern zone.(4)Races imported into the combined central and southern zones when there is no live thoroughbred or fair racing being conducted in the combined central and southern zones.(b)Any thoroughbred association or fair accepting wagers pursuant to subdivision (a) shall conduct the wagering in accordance with the applicable provisions of Sections 19601, 19616, 19616.1, and 19616.2.(c)No thoroughbred association or fair may accept wagers pursuant to this section on out-of-state races commencing after 7 p.m., Pacific standard time, without the consent of the harness or quarter horse racing association that is then conducting a live racing meeting in the Counties of Orange or Sacramento.
Amended IN Assembly May 19, 2021 CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE 20212022 REGULAR SESSION Senate Bill No. 494Introduced by Senator DoddFebruary 17, 2021 An act to amend Section 19596.2 of the Business and Professions Code, relating to horse racing. add Section 13519.11 to the Penal Code, relating to law enforcement.LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGESTSB 494, as amended, Dodd. Horse racing: out-of-state thoroughbred races: Delaware Handicap. Law enforcement: training.Existing law establishes the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training. Existing law requires the commission to develop guidelines and implement courses of instruction regarding racial profiling, domestic violence, hate crimes, vehicle pursuits, and human trafficking, among others. Existing law establishes the Robert Presley Institute of Criminal Investigation which provides training courses for criminal investigators, including core instruction on matters common to all investigative activities and specialty courses in various investigative specialities.This bill would require the commission, by January 1, 2023, to implement a course of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers in the use of ethical human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills. The bill would require the course to be incorporated into the course or courses of basic training for law enforcement officers. The bill would also require, by January 1, 2023, a course for criminal law enforcement investigators and for officers training to become detectives in science-based interviewing and would require this training to be included within the core course required by the Robert Presley Institute of Criminal Investigation. The bill would require the commission to develop the specified courses, training standards, learning and performance objectives, and guidelines in consultation with individuals or groups with expertise in the field of human engagement and science-based interviewing. The bill would also require law enforcement agencies to adopt and promulgate specific policies and require regular and periodic training on ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing. By requiring the law enforcement agencies to implement additional policies and training, this bill imposes as state-mandated local program.The bill would include legislative findings and declarations, and would make a related statement of legislative intent.The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to the statutory provisions noted above.The Horse Racing Law authorizes a thoroughbred racing association or fair to distribute the audiovisual signal and accept wagers on the results of out-of-state thoroughbred races conducted in the United States during the calendar period the association or fair is conducting a race meeting, including days on which there is no live racing being conducted by the association or fair, without the consent of the organization that represents horsemen and horsewomen participating in the race meeting and without regard to the amount of purses. Under that law, the total number of thoroughbred races imported by associations or fairs on a statewide basis under these provisions are required to not exceed 50 per day on days when live thoroughbred or fair racing is being conducted in the state, with the exception of prescribed races.This bill would exempt from the 50 imported race per day limitation races imported that are part of the race card of the Delaware Handicap.Digest Key Vote: MAJORITY Appropriation: NO Fiscal Committee: NOYES Local Program: NOYES
Amended IN Assembly May 19, 2021
Amended IN Assembly May 19, 2021
CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE 20212022 REGULAR SESSION
Senate Bill
No. 494
Introduced by Senator DoddFebruary 17, 2021
Introduced by Senator Dodd
February 17, 2021
An act to amend Section 19596.2 of the Business and Professions Code, relating to horse racing. add Section 13519.11 to the Penal Code, relating to law enforcement.
LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST
## LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST
SB 494, as amended, Dodd. Horse racing: out-of-state thoroughbred races: Delaware Handicap. Law enforcement: training.
Existing law establishes the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training. Existing law requires the commission to develop guidelines and implement courses of instruction regarding racial profiling, domestic violence, hate crimes, vehicle pursuits, and human trafficking, among others. Existing law establishes the Robert Presley Institute of Criminal Investigation which provides training courses for criminal investigators, including core instruction on matters common to all investigative activities and specialty courses in various investigative specialities.This bill would require the commission, by January 1, 2023, to implement a course of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers in the use of ethical human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills. The bill would require the course to be incorporated into the course or courses of basic training for law enforcement officers. The bill would also require, by January 1, 2023, a course for criminal law enforcement investigators and for officers training to become detectives in science-based interviewing and would require this training to be included within the core course required by the Robert Presley Institute of Criminal Investigation. The bill would require the commission to develop the specified courses, training standards, learning and performance objectives, and guidelines in consultation with individuals or groups with expertise in the field of human engagement and science-based interviewing. The bill would also require law enforcement agencies to adopt and promulgate specific policies and require regular and periodic training on ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing. By requiring the law enforcement agencies to implement additional policies and training, this bill imposes as state-mandated local program.The bill would include legislative findings and declarations, and would make a related statement of legislative intent.The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to the statutory provisions noted above.The Horse Racing Law authorizes a thoroughbred racing association or fair to distribute the audiovisual signal and accept wagers on the results of out-of-state thoroughbred races conducted in the United States during the calendar period the association or fair is conducting a race meeting, including days on which there is no live racing being conducted by the association or fair, without the consent of the organization that represents horsemen and horsewomen participating in the race meeting and without regard to the amount of purses. Under that law, the total number of thoroughbred races imported by associations or fairs on a statewide basis under these provisions are required to not exceed 50 per day on days when live thoroughbred or fair racing is being conducted in the state, with the exception of prescribed races.This bill would exempt from the 50 imported race per day limitation races imported that are part of the race card of the Delaware Handicap.
Existing law establishes the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training. Existing law requires the commission to develop guidelines and implement courses of instruction regarding racial profiling, domestic violence, hate crimes, vehicle pursuits, and human trafficking, among others. Existing law establishes the Robert Presley Institute of Criminal Investigation which provides training courses for criminal investigators, including core instruction on matters common to all investigative activities and specialty courses in various investigative specialities.
This bill would require the commission, by January 1, 2023, to implement a course of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers in the use of ethical human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills. The bill would require the course to be incorporated into the course or courses of basic training for law enforcement officers. The bill would also require, by January 1, 2023, a course for criminal law enforcement investigators and for officers training to become detectives in science-based interviewing and would require this training to be included within the core course required by the Robert Presley Institute of Criminal Investigation. The bill would require the commission to develop the specified courses, training standards, learning and performance objectives, and guidelines in consultation with individuals or groups with expertise in the field of human engagement and science-based interviewing. The bill would also require law enforcement agencies to adopt and promulgate specific policies and require regular and periodic training on ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing. By requiring the law enforcement agencies to implement additional policies and training, this bill imposes as state-mandated local program.
The bill would include legislative findings and declarations, and would make a related statement of legislative intent.
The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.
This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to the statutory provisions noted above.
The Horse Racing Law authorizes a thoroughbred racing association or fair to distribute the audiovisual signal and accept wagers on the results of out-of-state thoroughbred races conducted in the United States during the calendar period the association or fair is conducting a race meeting, including days on which there is no live racing being conducted by the association or fair, without the consent of the organization that represents horsemen and horsewomen participating in the race meeting and without regard to the amount of purses. Under that law, the total number of thoroughbred races imported by associations or fairs on a statewide basis under these provisions are required to not exceed 50 per day on days when live thoroughbred or fair racing is being conducted in the state, with the exception of prescribed races.
This bill would exempt from the 50 imported race per day limitation races imported that are part of the race card of the Delaware Handicap.
## Digest Key
## Bill Text
The people of the State of California do enact as follows:SECTION 1. The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:(a) The highest priority of California law enforcement is safeguarding the life, dignity, and liberty of all persons, without prejudice to anyone.(b) Law enforcement officers shall be guided by the principle of reverence for human life in all investigative, enforcement, and other contacts between officers and members of the public.(c) Beginning with the proliferation of physically abusive and aggressive tactics in the early 20th century, law enforcement agents employed what they deemed the most effective means for getting suspects to confess. In the early 1940s, harsh interrogation practices eventually gave way to less physically abusive, but more psychologically manipulative techniques. These tactics, later referred to as the Reid Technique, taught investigators how to detect lies and elicit confessions using an array of psychological strategies.(d) Now more than 75 years old, the Reid Techniques dominance in the United States criminal-interrogation realm is pervasive and relies heavily on assuming guilt, assessing behavioral clues of deception, and administering psychological manipulation.(e) Over the past 15 years, the Reid Technique has come under intense scrutiny in part because it is based more on anecdote and tradition than on scientific research. (f) The architects of the Reid Technique have failed to produce empirical evidence supporting the validity of assessing behavior to determine culpability. A 2006 meta-analysis study found the aptitude to correctly detect deception, regardless of expertise, averaged only 54 percent.(g) A compounding problem with relying on behavior to distinguish between truth and lies is twofold: interrogators often overestimate their ability to detect deception, which then intensifies the accusatorial nature of the interview. These flawed interrogation tactics collectively increase the potential for false confessions.(h) In 2009, at the direction of the Obama Administration, the United States government created the High-Value Detainee Interrogation Group (HIG) in response to the highly publicized post-9/11 interrogation tactics the United States used on terrorist suspects. The HIG is tasked with conducting research in the field of interviewing and interrogations to identify the most effective and ethical means to obtain information from suspects.(i) Since the groups establishment, HIG-supported researchers have published more than 100 pieces of scientific literature in the field of interviewing and interrogations. The group has also provided instruction to multiple United States law enforcement and military institutions, including the Los Angeles Police Department, the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, and the Air Force Office of Special Investigations, on the use of evidence-based methods of interviewing.(j) The intent of this act is to identify and establish the minimum standards for policies and training regarding ethical science-based interviewing as well as human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills with respect for human rights, dignity, and life.SEC. 2. Section 13519.11 is added to the Penal Code, to read:13519.11. (a) (1) The commission shall develop and implement, on or before January 1, 2023, a course or courses of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers in ethical human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills.(2) This course shall be incorporated into the course or courses of basic training for law enforcement officers.(b) (1) The commission shall develop and implement, on or before January 1, 2023, a course or courses of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers training to become detectives and criminal law enforcement investigators in ethical science-based interviewing.(2) This course shall be incorporated into the core course required by the Robert Presley Institute of Criminal Investigation.(c) The commission shall develop the courses of instruction, the learning and performance objectives, the standards for the training, and guidelines consistent with relevant peer-reviewed research in consultation with groups and individuals having an interest and expertise in the field of human engagement and science-based interviewing. The groups and individuals shall include, but are not limited to, law enforcement agencies, police academy instructors, subject matter experts, prosecutors, and members of the public.(d) The commission, in consultation with these groups and individuals, shall review existing training programs to determine how ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing may be included as part of existing programs.(e) Each law enforcement agency shall adopt and promulgate specific policies, and require regular and periodic training on ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing.SEC. 3. If the Commission on State Mandates determines that this act contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement to local agencies and school districts for those costs shall be made pursuant to Part 7 (commencing with Section 17500) of Division 4 of Title 2 of the Government Code.SECTION 1.Section 19596.2 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:19596.2.(a)Notwithstanding any other law and except as provided in Section 19596.4, a thoroughbred racing association or fair may distribute the audiovisual signal and accept wagers on the results of out-of-state thoroughbred races conducted in the United States during the calendar period the association or fair is conducting a race meeting, including days on which there is no live racing being conducted by the association or fair, without the consent of the organization that represents horsemen and horsewomen participating in the race meeting and without regard to the amount of purses. Further, the total number of thoroughbred races imported by associations or fairs on a statewide basis under this section shall not exceed 50 per day on days when live thoroughbred or fair racing is being conducted in the state. The limitation of 50 imported races per day does not apply to any of the following:(1)Races imported for wagering purposes pursuant to subdivision (c).(2)Races imported that are part of the race card of the Kentucky Derby, the Kentucky Oaks, the Preakness Stakes, the Belmont Stakes, the Jockey Club Gold Cup, the Travers Stakes, the Arlington Million, the Breeders Cup, the Dubai World Cup, the Arkansas Derby, the Delaware Handicap, the Apple Blossom Handicap, or the Haskell Invitational.(3)Races imported into the northern zone when there is no live thoroughbred or fair racing being conducted in the northern zone.(4)Races imported into the combined central and southern zones when there is no live thoroughbred or fair racing being conducted in the combined central and southern zones.(b)Any thoroughbred association or fair accepting wagers pursuant to subdivision (a) shall conduct the wagering in accordance with the applicable provisions of Sections 19601, 19616, 19616.1, and 19616.2.(c)No thoroughbred association or fair may accept wagers pursuant to this section on out-of-state races commencing after 7 p.m., Pacific standard time, without the consent of the harness or quarter horse racing association that is then conducting a live racing meeting in the Counties of Orange or Sacramento.
The people of the State of California do enact as follows:
## The people of the State of California do enact as follows:
SECTION 1. The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:(a) The highest priority of California law enforcement is safeguarding the life, dignity, and liberty of all persons, without prejudice to anyone.(b) Law enforcement officers shall be guided by the principle of reverence for human life in all investigative, enforcement, and other contacts between officers and members of the public.(c) Beginning with the proliferation of physically abusive and aggressive tactics in the early 20th century, law enforcement agents employed what they deemed the most effective means for getting suspects to confess. In the early 1940s, harsh interrogation practices eventually gave way to less physically abusive, but more psychologically manipulative techniques. These tactics, later referred to as the Reid Technique, taught investigators how to detect lies and elicit confessions using an array of psychological strategies.(d) Now more than 75 years old, the Reid Techniques dominance in the United States criminal-interrogation realm is pervasive and relies heavily on assuming guilt, assessing behavioral clues of deception, and administering psychological manipulation.(e) Over the past 15 years, the Reid Technique has come under intense scrutiny in part because it is based more on anecdote and tradition than on scientific research. (f) The architects of the Reid Technique have failed to produce empirical evidence supporting the validity of assessing behavior to determine culpability. A 2006 meta-analysis study found the aptitude to correctly detect deception, regardless of expertise, averaged only 54 percent.(g) A compounding problem with relying on behavior to distinguish between truth and lies is twofold: interrogators often overestimate their ability to detect deception, which then intensifies the accusatorial nature of the interview. These flawed interrogation tactics collectively increase the potential for false confessions.(h) In 2009, at the direction of the Obama Administration, the United States government created the High-Value Detainee Interrogation Group (HIG) in response to the highly publicized post-9/11 interrogation tactics the United States used on terrorist suspects. The HIG is tasked with conducting research in the field of interviewing and interrogations to identify the most effective and ethical means to obtain information from suspects.(i) Since the groups establishment, HIG-supported researchers have published more than 100 pieces of scientific literature in the field of interviewing and interrogations. The group has also provided instruction to multiple United States law enforcement and military institutions, including the Los Angeles Police Department, the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, and the Air Force Office of Special Investigations, on the use of evidence-based methods of interviewing.(j) The intent of this act is to identify and establish the minimum standards for policies and training regarding ethical science-based interviewing as well as human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills with respect for human rights, dignity, and life.
SECTION 1. The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:(a) The highest priority of California law enforcement is safeguarding the life, dignity, and liberty of all persons, without prejudice to anyone.(b) Law enforcement officers shall be guided by the principle of reverence for human life in all investigative, enforcement, and other contacts between officers and members of the public.(c) Beginning with the proliferation of physically abusive and aggressive tactics in the early 20th century, law enforcement agents employed what they deemed the most effective means for getting suspects to confess. In the early 1940s, harsh interrogation practices eventually gave way to less physically abusive, but more psychologically manipulative techniques. These tactics, later referred to as the Reid Technique, taught investigators how to detect lies and elicit confessions using an array of psychological strategies.(d) Now more than 75 years old, the Reid Techniques dominance in the United States criminal-interrogation realm is pervasive and relies heavily on assuming guilt, assessing behavioral clues of deception, and administering psychological manipulation.(e) Over the past 15 years, the Reid Technique has come under intense scrutiny in part because it is based more on anecdote and tradition than on scientific research. (f) The architects of the Reid Technique have failed to produce empirical evidence supporting the validity of assessing behavior to determine culpability. A 2006 meta-analysis study found the aptitude to correctly detect deception, regardless of expertise, averaged only 54 percent.(g) A compounding problem with relying on behavior to distinguish between truth and lies is twofold: interrogators often overestimate their ability to detect deception, which then intensifies the accusatorial nature of the interview. These flawed interrogation tactics collectively increase the potential for false confessions.(h) In 2009, at the direction of the Obama Administration, the United States government created the High-Value Detainee Interrogation Group (HIG) in response to the highly publicized post-9/11 interrogation tactics the United States used on terrorist suspects. The HIG is tasked with conducting research in the field of interviewing and interrogations to identify the most effective and ethical means to obtain information from suspects.(i) Since the groups establishment, HIG-supported researchers have published more than 100 pieces of scientific literature in the field of interviewing and interrogations. The group has also provided instruction to multiple United States law enforcement and military institutions, including the Los Angeles Police Department, the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, and the Air Force Office of Special Investigations, on the use of evidence-based methods of interviewing.(j) The intent of this act is to identify and establish the minimum standards for policies and training regarding ethical science-based interviewing as well as human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills with respect for human rights, dignity, and life.
SECTION 1. The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:
### SECTION 1.
(a) The highest priority of California law enforcement is safeguarding the life, dignity, and liberty of all persons, without prejudice to anyone.
(b) Law enforcement officers shall be guided by the principle of reverence for human life in all investigative, enforcement, and other contacts between officers and members of the public.
(c) Beginning with the proliferation of physically abusive and aggressive tactics in the early 20th century, law enforcement agents employed what they deemed the most effective means for getting suspects to confess. In the early 1940s, harsh interrogation practices eventually gave way to less physically abusive, but more psychologically manipulative techniques. These tactics, later referred to as the Reid Technique, taught investigators how to detect lies and elicit confessions using an array of psychological strategies.
(d) Now more than 75 years old, the Reid Techniques dominance in the United States criminal-interrogation realm is pervasive and relies heavily on assuming guilt, assessing behavioral clues of deception, and administering psychological manipulation.
(e) Over the past 15 years, the Reid Technique has come under intense scrutiny in part because it is based more on anecdote and tradition than on scientific research.
(f) The architects of the Reid Technique have failed to produce empirical evidence supporting the validity of assessing behavior to determine culpability. A 2006 meta-analysis study found the aptitude to correctly detect deception, regardless of expertise, averaged only 54 percent.
(g) A compounding problem with relying on behavior to distinguish between truth and lies is twofold: interrogators often overestimate their ability to detect deception, which then intensifies the accusatorial nature of the interview. These flawed interrogation tactics collectively increase the potential for false confessions.
(h) In 2009, at the direction of the Obama Administration, the United States government created the High-Value Detainee Interrogation Group (HIG) in response to the highly publicized post-9/11 interrogation tactics the United States used on terrorist suspects. The HIG is tasked with conducting research in the field of interviewing and interrogations to identify the most effective and ethical means to obtain information from suspects.
(i) Since the groups establishment, HIG-supported researchers have published more than 100 pieces of scientific literature in the field of interviewing and interrogations. The group has also provided instruction to multiple United States law enforcement and military institutions, including the Los Angeles Police Department, the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, and the Air Force Office of Special Investigations, on the use of evidence-based methods of interviewing.
(j) The intent of this act is to identify and establish the minimum standards for policies and training regarding ethical science-based interviewing as well as human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills with respect for human rights, dignity, and life.
SEC. 2. Section 13519.11 is added to the Penal Code, to read:13519.11. (a) (1) The commission shall develop and implement, on or before January 1, 2023, a course or courses of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers in ethical human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills.(2) This course shall be incorporated into the course or courses of basic training for law enforcement officers.(b) (1) The commission shall develop and implement, on or before January 1, 2023, a course or courses of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers training to become detectives and criminal law enforcement investigators in ethical science-based interviewing.(2) This course shall be incorporated into the core course required by the Robert Presley Institute of Criminal Investigation.(c) The commission shall develop the courses of instruction, the learning and performance objectives, the standards for the training, and guidelines consistent with relevant peer-reviewed research in consultation with groups and individuals having an interest and expertise in the field of human engagement and science-based interviewing. The groups and individuals shall include, but are not limited to, law enforcement agencies, police academy instructors, subject matter experts, prosecutors, and members of the public.(d) The commission, in consultation with these groups and individuals, shall review existing training programs to determine how ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing may be included as part of existing programs.(e) Each law enforcement agency shall adopt and promulgate specific policies, and require regular and periodic training on ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing.
SEC. 2. Section 13519.11 is added to the Penal Code, to read:
### SEC. 2.
13519.11. (a) (1) The commission shall develop and implement, on or before January 1, 2023, a course or courses of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers in ethical human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills.(2) This course shall be incorporated into the course or courses of basic training for law enforcement officers.(b) (1) The commission shall develop and implement, on or before January 1, 2023, a course or courses of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers training to become detectives and criminal law enforcement investigators in ethical science-based interviewing.(2) This course shall be incorporated into the core course required by the Robert Presley Institute of Criminal Investigation.(c) The commission shall develop the courses of instruction, the learning and performance objectives, the standards for the training, and guidelines consistent with relevant peer-reviewed research in consultation with groups and individuals having an interest and expertise in the field of human engagement and science-based interviewing. The groups and individuals shall include, but are not limited to, law enforcement agencies, police academy instructors, subject matter experts, prosecutors, and members of the public.(d) The commission, in consultation with these groups and individuals, shall review existing training programs to determine how ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing may be included as part of existing programs.(e) Each law enforcement agency shall adopt and promulgate specific policies, and require regular and periodic training on ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing.
13519.11. (a) (1) The commission shall develop and implement, on or before January 1, 2023, a course or courses of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers in ethical human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills.(2) This course shall be incorporated into the course or courses of basic training for law enforcement officers.(b) (1) The commission shall develop and implement, on or before January 1, 2023, a course or courses of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers training to become detectives and criminal law enforcement investigators in ethical science-based interviewing.(2) This course shall be incorporated into the core course required by the Robert Presley Institute of Criminal Investigation.(c) The commission shall develop the courses of instruction, the learning and performance objectives, the standards for the training, and guidelines consistent with relevant peer-reviewed research in consultation with groups and individuals having an interest and expertise in the field of human engagement and science-based interviewing. The groups and individuals shall include, but are not limited to, law enforcement agencies, police academy instructors, subject matter experts, prosecutors, and members of the public.(d) The commission, in consultation with these groups and individuals, shall review existing training programs to determine how ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing may be included as part of existing programs.(e) Each law enforcement agency shall adopt and promulgate specific policies, and require regular and periodic training on ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing.
13519.11. (a) (1) The commission shall develop and implement, on or before January 1, 2023, a course or courses of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers in ethical human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills.(2) This course shall be incorporated into the course or courses of basic training for law enforcement officers.(b) (1) The commission shall develop and implement, on or before January 1, 2023, a course or courses of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers training to become detectives and criminal law enforcement investigators in ethical science-based interviewing.(2) This course shall be incorporated into the core course required by the Robert Presley Institute of Criminal Investigation.(c) The commission shall develop the courses of instruction, the learning and performance objectives, the standards for the training, and guidelines consistent with relevant peer-reviewed research in consultation with groups and individuals having an interest and expertise in the field of human engagement and science-based interviewing. The groups and individuals shall include, but are not limited to, law enforcement agencies, police academy instructors, subject matter experts, prosecutors, and members of the public.(d) The commission, in consultation with these groups and individuals, shall review existing training programs to determine how ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing may be included as part of existing programs.(e) Each law enforcement agency shall adopt and promulgate specific policies, and require regular and periodic training on ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing.
13519.11. (a) (1) The commission shall develop and implement, on or before January 1, 2023, a course or courses of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers in ethical human engagement and advanced interpersonal communication skills.
(2) This course shall be incorporated into the course or courses of basic training for law enforcement officers.
(b) (1) The commission shall develop and implement, on or before January 1, 2023, a course or courses of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers training to become detectives and criminal law enforcement investigators in ethical science-based interviewing.
(2) This course shall be incorporated into the core course required by the Robert Presley Institute of Criminal Investigation.
(c) The commission shall develop the courses of instruction, the learning and performance objectives, the standards for the training, and guidelines consistent with relevant peer-reviewed research in consultation with groups and individuals having an interest and expertise in the field of human engagement and science-based interviewing. The groups and individuals shall include, but are not limited to, law enforcement agencies, police academy instructors, subject matter experts, prosecutors, and members of the public.
(d) The commission, in consultation with these groups and individuals, shall review existing training programs to determine how ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing may be included as part of existing programs.
(e) Each law enforcement agency shall adopt and promulgate specific policies, and require regular and periodic training on ethical human engagement, advanced interpersonal communication training, and science-based interviewing.
SEC. 3. If the Commission on State Mandates determines that this act contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement to local agencies and school districts for those costs shall be made pursuant to Part 7 (commencing with Section 17500) of Division 4 of Title 2 of the Government Code.
SEC. 3. If the Commission on State Mandates determines that this act contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement to local agencies and school districts for those costs shall be made pursuant to Part 7 (commencing with Section 17500) of Division 4 of Title 2 of the Government Code.
SEC. 3. If the Commission on State Mandates determines that this act contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement to local agencies and school districts for those costs shall be made pursuant to Part 7 (commencing with Section 17500) of Division 4 of Title 2 of the Government Code.
### SEC. 3.
(a)Notwithstanding any other law and except as provided in Section 19596.4, a thoroughbred racing association or fair may distribute the audiovisual signal and accept wagers on the results of out-of-state thoroughbred races conducted in the United States during the calendar period the association or fair is conducting a race meeting, including days on which there is no live racing being conducted by the association or fair, without the consent of the organization that represents horsemen and horsewomen participating in the race meeting and without regard to the amount of purses. Further, the total number of thoroughbred races imported by associations or fairs on a statewide basis under this section shall not exceed 50 per day on days when live thoroughbred or fair racing is being conducted in the state. The limitation of 50 imported races per day does not apply to any of the following:
(1)Races imported for wagering purposes pursuant to subdivision (c).
(2)Races imported that are part of the race card of the Kentucky Derby, the Kentucky Oaks, the Preakness Stakes, the Belmont Stakes, the Jockey Club Gold Cup, the Travers Stakes, the Arlington Million, the Breeders Cup, the Dubai World Cup, the Arkansas Derby, the Delaware Handicap, the Apple Blossom Handicap, or the Haskell Invitational.
(3)Races imported into the northern zone when there is no live thoroughbred or fair racing being conducted in the northern zone.
(4)Races imported into the combined central and southern zones when there is no live thoroughbred or fair racing being conducted in the combined central and southern zones.
(b)Any thoroughbred association or fair accepting wagers pursuant to subdivision (a) shall conduct the wagering in accordance with the applicable provisions of Sections 19601, 19616, 19616.1, and 19616.2.
(c)No thoroughbred association or fair may accept wagers pursuant to this section on out-of-state races commencing after 7 p.m., Pacific standard time, without the consent of the harness or quarter horse racing association that is then conducting a live racing meeting in the Counties of Orange or Sacramento.