First Regular Session Seventy-fourth General Assembly STATE OF COLORADO REENGROSSED This Version Includes All Amendments Adopted in the House of Introduction LLS NO. 23-0764.01 Jacob Baus x2173 SENATE BILL 23-094 Senate Committees House Committees Education Appropriations A BILL FOR AN ACT C ONCERNING THE CREATION OF A TASK FORCE TO REPORT ON101 MEASURES TO IMPROVE SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION , AND, IN 102 CONNECTION THEREWITH , MAKING AN APPROPRIATION .103 Bill Summary (Note: This summary applies to this bill as introduced and does not reflect any amendments that may be subsequently adopted. If this bill passes third reading in the house of introduction, a bill summary that applies to the reengrossed version of this bill will be available at http://leg.colorado.gov .) The bill creates a Colorado school transportation modernization task force (task force) to create a report containing findings and recommendations to improve public school transportation services for students. The task force specifies task force membership, including the SENATE 3rd Reading Unamended March 15, 2023 SENATE Amended 2nd Reading March 14, 2023 SENATE SPONSORSHIP Lundeen and Zenzinger, Bridges, Buckner, Coleman, Cutter, Exum, Ginal, Kirkmeyer, Pelton B., Priola, Simpson, Sullivan, Will, Winter F. HOUSE SPONSORSHIP Wilson and Lukens, Shading denotes HOUSE amendment. Double underlining denotes SENATE amendment. Capital letters or bold & italic numbers indicate new material to be added to existing law. Dashes through the words or numbers indicate deletions from existing law. commissioner of education or the commissioner's designee, and members appointed by the commissioner. The task force must prepare, publish, and share the findings of its the report by January 31, 2024, with the education committees of the general assembly, the state board of education, and the governor. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Colorado:1 SECTION 1. In Colorado Revised Statutes, add article 106 to2 title 22 as follows:3 ARTICLE 1064 School Transportation Modernization Task Force5 22-106-101. Legislative declaration. (1) T HE GENERAL6 ASSEMBLY FINDS THAT:7 (a) T HE COVID-19 PANDEMIC SEVERELY EXACERBATED AN8 EXISTING PUBLIC SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION WORKFORCE SHORTAGE ,9 LIMITING THE NUMBER OF BUSES AVAILABLE TO TRANSPORT STUDENTS TO10 AND FROM SCHOOL IN COLORADO. BUS DRIVER SHORTAGES ARE CAUSED11 BY SEVERAL FACTORS , INCLUDING FEDERAL REGULATIONS AROUND12 HEALTH REQUIREMENTS , LACK OF COMPETITIVE WAGES , AND ODD13 WORKING HOURS.14 (b) T O ADJUST TO THE PUBLIC SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION15 SHORTAGE, SCHOOL DISTRICTS AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS ARE CONSOLIDATING16 ROUTES OR ALTERING ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA, RESULTING IN FEWER STOPS17 AND LONGER ROUTES . STUDENTS OF COLOR , STUDENTS FROM18 UNDER-RESOURCED COMMUNITIES, AND STUDENTS WITH A DISABILITY ARE19 DISPROPORTIONATELY IMPACTED BY THE TRANSPORTATION SHORTAGE20 AND STRUGGLE TO ACCESS SCHOOL DISTRICTS OF THEIR CHOICE AND21 CAREER PATHWAY PROGRAMS BECAUSE OF THEIR LIMITED ACCESS TO22 TRANSPORTATION.23 094-2- (c) THERE IS A GROWING NEED FOR TRANSPORTATION TO OFFSITE1 CAREER PATHWAY PROGRAMS AND OTHER CAREER -CONNECTED LEARNING2 OPPORTUNITIES AS THESE PROGRAMS CONTINUE TO EXPAND . DUE TO3 TRANSPORTATION CHALLENGES , STUDENTS LACK EQUITABLE ACCESS TO4 THESE PROGRAMS, EVEN THOUGH THE STATE HAS RECOGNIZED THE5 IMPORTANCE OF THESE PROGRAMS .6 (d) T O INCREASE EDUCATIONAL EQUITY , SCHOOL DISTRICTS AND7 PUBLIC SCHOOLS MUST PROVIDE STUDENTS OF COLOR , STUDENTS FROM8 UNDER-RESOURCED COMMUNITIES , AND STUDENTS WITH A DISABILITY9 WITH ACCESS TO THE SAME EDUCATIONAL AND ENRICHMENT10 OPPORTUNITIES THAT ARE AVAILABLE TO STUDENTS WHO HAVE MORE11 RESOURCES;12 (e) C URRENT POST-PANDEMIC CONDITIONS REQUIRE NEW AND13 INNOVATIVE IDEAS TO SUPPORT SCHOOL DISTRICTS AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS14 IN EMPLOYING SUFFICIENT TRANSPORTATION STAFF , PROCURING AND15 UTILIZING EQUIPMENT MORE EFFICIENTLY , AND SUPPLEMENTING THE16 CURRENT TRANSPORTATION MODEL WITH A VARIETY OF ALTERNATIVE17 TRANSPORTATION OPTIONS;18 (f) T HE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION COLLECTS DATA CONCERNING19 SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION FOR THE PURPOSE OF CALCULATING20 REIMBURSEMENTS TO SCHOOL DISTRICTS , INCLUDING THE NUMBER OF21 ROUTE MILES SCHEDULED ON A SPECIFIC PUPIL COUNT DAY IN OCTOBER22 AND THE NUMBER OF DAYS DURING THE SCHOOL YEAR THAT23 TRANSPORTATION WAS PROVIDED TO PUBLIC SCHOOL STUDENTS ;24 (g) A DDITIONAL DATA SUCH AS ACTUAL UTILIZATION RATES ,25 ELIGIBILITY STANDARDS, SERVICE GAPS, AND USE OF ALTERNATIVE26 TRANSPORTATION MODELS ARE NOT COLLECTED AT THE STATE LEVEL ,27 094 -3- ALTHOUGH DISTRICTS TRACK SUCH DATA ON THEIR OWN ;1 (h) G IVEN THE SEVERE BUS DRIVER SHORTAGE AND THE LACK OF2 TRANSPORTATION TO SCHOOL THAT MANY PUBLIC SCHOOL STUDENTS ARE3 EXPERIENCING, THE STATE HAS A VESTED INTEREST IN BETTER4 UNDERSTANDING PUBLIC SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION DATA ; AND5 (i) C OLLECTING AND DISSEMINATING SUCH TRANSPORTATION6 DATA WOULD ALLOW POLICYMAKERS TO FACILITATE IMPROVEMENTS TO7 PUBLIC ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION , BETTER8 SERVE STUDENTS, AND ALLEVIATE BURDENS ON SCHOOL DISTRICTS .9 (2) T HEREFORE, THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY DECLARES THAT IT IS IN10 THE BEST INTERESTS OF THE STATE TO DIRECT THE COMMISSIONER OF11 EDUCATION TO CONVENE THE COLORADO SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION12 MODERNIZATION TASK FORCE TO STUDY THE ISSUES FACING SCHOOL13 TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS AND USE THE STUDY 'S FINDINGS TO DEVELOP14 AND RECOMMEND POLICIES , LAWS, AND RULES TO IMPROVE PUBLIC15 SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION ACROSS THE STATE IN ORDER TO BETTER MEET16 STUDENT NEEDS AND ALLEVIATE BURDENS ON SCHOOL DISTRICTS .17 22-106-102. Definitions. A S USED IN THIS ARTICLE 106, UNLESS18 THE CONTEXT OTHERWISE REQUIRES :19 (1) "C AREER PATHWAY PROGRAMS " MEANS LEARNING THAT20 OCCURS, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, IN THE WORKPLACE AND PROVIDES21 STUDENTS WITH EXPERIENCE AND TRAINING FOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT .22 "C AREER PATHWAY PROGRAMS " INCLUDES EXTENDED HIGH SCHOOL23 PROGRAMS, JOB SHADOWING , INTERNSHIPS , EXTERNSHIPS ,24 PREAPPRENTICESHIPS, AND APPRENTICESHIPS.25 (2) "R URAL SCHOOL DISTRICT" MEANS A SCHOOL DISTRICT THAT26 THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION DETERMINES IS RURAL BASED ON THE27 094 -4- GEOGRAPHIC SIZE OF THE SCHOOL DISTRICT AND THE DISTANCE OF THE1 SCHOOL DISTRICT FROM THE NEAREST LARGE AND URBANIZED AREA , WITH2 A TOTAL PUPIL ENROLLMENT OF SIX THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED STUDENTS3 OR FEWER.4 (3) "T ASK FORCE" MEANS THE COLORADO SCHOOL 5 TRANSPORTATION MODERNIZATION TASK FORCE CREATED IN SECTION6 22-106-103.7 22-106-103. Colorado school transportation modernization8 task force. (1) T HERE IS CREATED IN THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION9 THE COLORADO SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION MODERNIZATION TASK FORCE . 10 11 (2) T HE COMMITTEE CONSISTS OF THE FOLLOWING MEMBERS :12 (a) T HE COMMISSIONER OF EDUCATION OR THE COMMISSIONER 'S13 DESIGNEE;14 (b) A T A MINIMUM, THE FOLLOWING MEMBERS APPOINTED BY THE15 COMMISSIONER OF EDUCATION :16 (I) T HREE MEMBERS WHO ARE PARENTS OR LEGAL GUARDIANS OF17 STUDENTS ENROLLED IN A PUBLIC ELEMENTARY OR SECONDARY SCHOOL18 WHO USE SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION OR WOULD USE SCHOOL19 TRANSPORTATION IF IT WERE AVAILABLE. AT A MINIMUM, ONE PARENT OR20 LEGAL GUARDIAN MEMBER MUST HAVE THEIR STUDENT ENROLLED IN A21 RURAL SCHOOL DISTRICT.22 (II) T HREE MEMBERS WHO ARE SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION23 DIRECTORS FOR SCHOOL DISTRICTS. AT A MINIMUM, ONE DIRECTOR MUST24 BE FROM A RURAL SCHOOL DISTRICT , ONE DIRECTOR MUST BE FROM A25 SUBURBAN SCHOOL DISTRICT, AND ONE MEMBER MUST BE FROM AN URBAN26 SCHOOL DISTRICT.27 094 -5- (III) ONE MEMBER WHO IS A SPECIAL EDUCATION DIRECTOR FOR A1 SCHOOL DISTRICT;2 (IV) O NE MEMBER WHO REPRESENTS AN ADVOCACY 3 ORGANIZATION THAT REPRESENTS STUDENTS WITH A DISABILITY ;4 (V) TWO MEMBERS WHO REPRESENT CHARTER SCHOOLS . AT A5 MINIMUM, ONE CHARTER SCHOOL REPRESENTATIVE MUST REPRESENT AN6 INSTITUTE CHARTER SCHOOL.7 (VI) TWO MEMBERS WHO REPRESENT LABOR UNIONS FOR SCHOOL8 BUS DRIVERS;9 (VII) TWO MEMBERS WHO REPRESENT BUSINESSES OR INDUSTRIES10 THAT PARTNER WITH SCHOOLS TO PROVIDE CAREER PATHWAY PROGRAMS ;11 (VIII) TWO MEMBERS WHO REPRESENT EDUCATION ADVOCACY12 ORGANIZATIONS WITH EXPERIENCE ADVOCATING FOR SC HOOL13 TRANSPORTATION MODERNIZATION ;14 (IX) TWO MEMBERS WHO REPRESENT PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION15 PROVIDERS;16 (X) TWO MEMBERS WHO REPRESENT RIDE SHARE TRANSPORTATION17 PROVIDERS;18 (XI) TWO MEMBERS WHO ARE AFTER -SCHOOL PROGRAM19 PROVIDERS;20 (XII) ONE MEMBER WHO REPRESENTS A RECIPIENT OF A21 TRANSPORTATION ASSISTANCE GRANT FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF22 EDUCATION;23 (XIII) TWO MEMBERS WHO ARE SUPERINTENDENTS . AT A24 MINIMUM, ONE SUPERINTENDENT MUST BE FROM A RURAL SCHOOL25 DISTRICT.26 (XIV) TWO MEMBERS WHO ARE SCHOOL DISTRICT CHIEF FINANCIAL27 094 -6- OFFICERS. AT A MINIMUM, ONE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER MUST BE FROM1 A RURAL SCHOOL DISTRICT.2 (3) O N OR BEFORE JUNE 30, 2023, THE COMMISSIONER OF3 EDUCATION SHALL MAKE TASK FORCE APPOINTMENTS .4 (4) T HE COMMISSIONER OF EDUCATION , OR THE COMMISSIONER'S5 DESIGNEE, SHALL CHAIR THE TASK FORCE.6 (5) T HE TASK FORCE SHALL MEET AT THE CALL OF THE CHAIR AT7 LEAST FOUR TIMES FROM JULY 2023 TO DECEMBER 2023.8 (6) T HE TASK FORCE IS A STATE PUBLIC BODY FOR PURPOSES OF9 SECTION 24-6-402, AND MEETINGS OF THE TASK FORCE ARE SUBJECT TO10 THE REQUIREMENTS OF THAT SECTION. THE TASK FORCE IS SUBJECT TO THE11 PROVISIONS OF THE "COLORADO OPEN RECORDS ACT", PART 2 OF ARTICLE12 72 OF TITLE 24.13 (7) T ASK FORCE MEMBERS SERVE WITHOUT COMPENSATION BUT14 MAY BE REIMBURSED FOR EXPENSES DIRECTLY RELATING TO THEIR15 SERVICE ON THE TASK FORCE.16 (8) U PON THE REQUEST OF THE CHAIR OF THE TASK FORCE , THE17 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION SHALL PROVIDE STAFF ASSISTANCE , MEETING18 SPACE, OR AUDIO-VISUAL COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES TO19 THE TASK FORCE AS NECESSARY FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF ITS DUTIES .20 22-106-104. Task force duties - report. (1) T O INFORM THE21 WORK OF THE TASK FORCE , THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION SHALL22 COLLECT, STUDY, AND PUBLICLY REPORT THE SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION23 DATA DESCRIBED IN THIS SUBSECTION (1). THE DEPARTMENT OF24 EDUCATION SHALL PRESENT THE FOLLOWING DATA TO THE TASK FORCE AS25 IT BECOMES AVAILABLE:26 (a) S TUDENT ELIGIBILITY, INCLUDING FACTORS USED BY SCHOOL27 094 -7- DISTRICTS AND CHARTER SCHOOLS TO DETERMINE ELIGIBILITY FOR1 TRANSPORTATION AND WHETHER THE FACTORS USED CREATE BARRIERS2 FOR STUDENTS TO ATTEND THEIR SCHOOL OF CHOICE ;3 (b) S TUDENT UTILIZATION, INCLUDING HOW MANY ELIGIBLE4 STUDENTS UTILIZE SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION , WHETHER ROUTES ARE AT5 CAPACITY, AND METHODOLOGIES USED BY SCHOOL DISTRICTS AND 6 CHARTER SCHOOLS TO IDENTIFY UTILIZATION PATTERNS AND ADJUST7 OPERATIONS ACCORDINGLY ;8 (c) D RIVER STAFFING LEVELS, INCLUDING STAFFING REQUIRED TO9 COVER ROUTES, AND WHETHER AND HOW SCHOOL DISTRICTS AND CHARTER 10 SCHOOLS CONTRACT WITH PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PROVIDERS OR11 ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION PROVIDERS TO SATISFY SCHOOL12 TRANSPORTATION NEEDS;13 (d) F LEET DIVERSIFICATION, INCLUDING THE TYPES OF BUSES OR14 VEHICLES USED TO SATISFY SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION NEEDS AND COSTS15 ASSOCIATED WITH EACH TYPE OF BUS AND VEHICLE USED AND INCLUDING , 16 FOR EACH TYPE OF BUS AND VEHICLE USED , ELECTRIFICATION OPTIONS,17 FUEL COSTS, MAINTENANCE COSTS, PURCHASE PRICES, RESALE VALUES,18 AND SALVAGE VALUES; AND19 (e) S ERVICE GAPS, INCLUDING IDENTIFYING DISCREPANCIES20 BETWEEN ELIGIBLE STUDENTS AND UTILIZATION , AND CAUSES OF THOSE21 DISCREPANCIES.22 (2) C ONSIDERING DATA COLLECTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF23 EDUCATION PURSUANT TO SUBSECTION (1) OF THIS SECTION, AND INPUT24 FROM TASK FORCE MEMBERS OR OTHER EXPERTS AS CONSULTED , THE TASK25 FORCE SHALL CREATE A REPORT CONTAINING FINDINGS AND26 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE PURPOSE OF IMPROVING SCHOOL27 094 -8- TRANSPORTATION SERVICES FOR STUDENTS . THE REPORT MUST INCLUDE:1 (a) I DENTIFICATION OF TRANSPORTATION CHALLENGES THAT2 CREATE BARRIERS TO STUDENTS ATTENDING A SCHOOL OF THEIR CHOICE3 OR CAREER PATHWAY PROGRAMS ;4 (b) R ECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPLEMENTING A SIMPLIFIED5 REIMBURSEMENT PROCESS FOR SCHOOL DISTRICTS BASED ON THE FINDINGS6 OR RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE TRANSPORTATION SUBCOMMITTEE OF7 THE FINANCIAL POLICIES AND PROCEDURES ADVISORY COMMITTEE OF THE8 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ;9 (c) I DENTIFICATION OF EXISTING AND POTENTIAL FUNDING10 SOURCES FOR PROVIDING SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION ;11 (d) R ECOMMENDATIONS FOR CREATING AND IMPLEMENTING12 SUSTAINABLE FUNDING MECHANISMS TO MEET SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION13 NEEDS;14 (e) R ECOMMENDATIONS FOR CREATING AND IMPLEMENTING A15 TRANSPORTATION INNOVATION FUND TO SUPPORT LOCAL EFFORTS TO16 CREATE NEW AND INNOVATIVE TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS THAT MAY17 SERVE AS A MODEL TO SCALE AND SUSTAIN IN OTHER SCHOOL DISTRICTS 18 AND CHARTER SCHOOLS;19 (f) R ECOMMENDATIONS FOR FACILITATING PARTNERSHIPS AMONG20 SCHOOL DISTRICTS, DISTRICT AND INSTITUTE CHARTER SCHOOLS , PUBLIC21 TRANSPORTATION PROVIDERS, PRIVATE TRANSPORTATION PROVIDERS, AND22 LOCAL NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS TO MEET TRANSPORTATION NEEDS AND23 CREATE COST EFFICIENCIES;24 (g) R ECOMMENDATIONS FOR CREATING PATHWAYS AND TALENT25 PIPELINES FOR TRANSPORTATION PROVIDER AND LOGISTICS CAREERS ;26 (h) R ECOMMENDATIONS FOR COMPETITIVE SALARIES AND27 094 -9- BENEFITS PACKAGES NECESSARY TO RECRUIT AND RETAIN SCHOOL1 TRANSPORTATION DRIVERS;2 (i) I DENTIFICATION OF OUTCOMES FROM TRANSPORTATION3 ASSISTANCE GRANTS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION , AND4 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR REPLICATION OR EXPANSION ; AND5 (j) R ECOMMENDATIONS FOR LEGISLATION OR RULES THAT MAY6 IMPROVE SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION .7 (3) O N OR BEFORE JANUARY 31, 2024, THE TASK FORCE SHALL8 SUBMIT ITS REPORT TO THE EDUCATION COMMITTEES OF THE SENATE AND9 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, OR ANY SUCCESSOR COMMITTEES, THE STATE10 BOARD OF EDUCATION, AND THE GOVERNOR AND SHALL PUBLISH THE11 REPORT ON ITS WEBSITE.12 22-106-105. Repeal of article. T HIS ARTICLE 106 IS REPEALED,13 EFFECTIVE JULY 1, 2025.14 SECTION 2. Appropriation. For the 2023-24 state fiscal year, 15 $95,313 is appropriated to the department of education. This16 appropriation is from the general fund and is based on an assumption that17 the department will require an additional 0.5 FTE. To implement this act,18 the department may use this appropriation for administration related to19 public school finance.20 SECTION 3. Safety clause. The general assembly hereby finds,21 determines, and declares that this act is necessary for the immediate22 preservation of the public peace, health, or safety.23 094 -10-