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June 12, 2024 SB 24-035
Legislative Council Staff
Nonpartisan Services for Colorado’s Legislature
Final Fiscal Note
Drafting Number:
Prime Sponsors:
LLS 24-0331
Sen. Pelton B.; Fields
Rep. Winter T.; Duran
Date:
Bill Status:
Fiscal Analyst:
June 12, 2024
Signed into Law
Aaron Carpenter | 303-866-4918
aaron.carpenter@coleg.gov
Bill Topic: STRENGTHENING ENFORCEMENT HUMAN TRAFFICKING
Summary of
Fiscal Impact:
☐ State Revenue
☒ State Expenditure
☐ State Transfer
☐ TABOR Refund
☒ Local Government
☐ Statutory Public Entity
The bill makes two human trafficking offenses subject to crimes of violence sentencing
guidelines, and increases the statute of limitations for prosecuting the offenses to
20 years. The bill will impact state and local expenditures starting in FY 2024-25.
Appropriation
Summary:
No appropriation is required.
Fiscal Note
Status:
This final fiscal note reflects the enacted bill.
Summary of Legislation
The bill adds human trafficking for involuntary servitude and human trafficking for sexual
servitude to the list of crimes of violence, which include certain additional criminal acts and are
subject to enhanced sentencing guidelines, and increases the statute of limitations for
prosecuting these offenses to 20 years. The bill also expands the affirmative defense of being a
victim of human trafficking to include defendants accused of any human trafficking offense.
Comparable Crime Analysis
Legislative Council Staff is required to include certain information in the fiscal note for any bill
that creates a new crime, changes the classification of an existing crime, or creates a new factual
basis for an existing crime. The following section outlines crimes that are comparable to the
offense in this bill and discusses assumptions on future rates of criminal convictions resulting
from the bill.
Prior conviction data. The bill changes the classification of two crimes to crimes of violence.
Human trafficking – involuntary servitude. From FY 2020-21 to FY 2022-23, four
individuals have been convicted and sentenced for this offense. Of the persons convicted, all
4 were male. Demographically, 2 were White and 2 were Black/African American. Page 2
June 12, 2024 SB 24-035
Human trafficking – sexual servitude. From FY 2020-21 to FY 2022-23, 17 individuals have
been convicted and sentenced for this offense. Of the persons convicted, all 15 were male,
1 was female, and 1 did not have a gender identified. Demographically, 1 was White, 14 were
Black/African American, 1 was Asian, and 1 did not have a race identified.
Additionally, the fiscal note analyzed the offenses sentenced to the Department of Corrections
and the sentence length for these convictions, as shown in Table 1.
Table 1
FY 2020-21 to FY 2022-23 Sentencing Data for Human Trafficking
C.R.S. Crime Felony Class Number of Cases Average Sentence
Involuntary Servitude F4 2 7.5 years
Sexual Servitude
F2 6 28 years
F3 7 14.6 years
F4 1 6 years
Currently, the presumed range for a crime of violence is:
16 to 48 years for a class 2 felony;
10 to 32 years for a class 3 felony; and
5 to 16 years for a class 4 felony.
Assumptions. It is unknown how many of the above offenses included a circumstance that
would make the offense a crime of violence. However, based on the data outlined above, and
the presumed sentencing range for crimes of violence, the fiscal note assumes that individuals
sentenced for the human trafficking offenses in the bill are sentenced within the crime of
violence range under current law, or the additional time falls outside the five-year impact
forecast window. The fiscal note also assumes that increasing the statute of limitations may
minimally increase the number of criminal cases and sentences to the DOC; however, based on
the overall number of convictions, any impact is expected to be minimal.
State Expenditures
Beginning in FY 2024-25, this bill increases workload and costs in the Judicial Department. It
may also increase state General Fund expenditures in the Department of Corrections, as
discussed below.
Judicial Department. Based on the assumptions outlined above, this bill will increase workload
and costs for the trial courts in the Judicial Department to process additional and potentially
longer criminal cases to the extent longer incarceration reduces the number of plea deals. To
the extent that new offenders are sentenced to probation, workload and costs in the Division of
Probation will increase. Workload and costs may increase in the agencies that provide
representation to indigent persons, including the Office of the State Public Defender and the Page 3
June 12, 2024 SB 24-035
Office of Alternate Defense Counsel. Overall, it is assumed these impacts can be accomplished
within existing appropriations. Should a change in funding be required for any agency or
division with the Judicial Department, the fiscal note assumes it will be addressed through the
annual budget process.
Department of Corrections. To the extent that this bill increases the number of individuals
sentenced to or the length of time an individual is in the custody of the DOC, costs will increase.
However, as outlined in the Comparable Crime Analysis, it is assumed that that increases in the
sentence length will be minimal and that any increase in costs will be addressed through the
annual budget process, as necessary.
Local Government
The bill increases workload and costs for district attorneys to prosecute additional felonies due
to the increase in the statute of limitations, or to participate in longer trials if there is a reduction
in plea deals. District attorney offices are funded by counties, with each county in a judicial
district contributing based on its population.
Effective Date
This bill was signed into law by the Governor and took effect on April 11, 2024.
State and Local Government Contacts
Corrections District Attorneys Judicial
The revenue and expenditure impacts in this fiscal note represent changes from current law under the bill for each
fiscal year. For additional information about fiscal notes, please visit the General Assembly website.