This docum ent does not reflect the intent or official position of the bill sponsor or House of Representatives.
STORAGE NAME: h1189b.SAT
DATE: 3/28/2023
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES STAFF ANALYSIS
BILL #: HB 1189 Monuments
SPONSOR(S): Salzman
TIED BILLS: IDEN./SIM. BILLS: SB 1020
REFERENCE ACTION ANALYST STAFF DIRECTOR or
BUDGET/POLICY CHIEF
1) Constitutional Rights, Rule of Law &
Government Operations Subcommittee
15 Y, 0 N Wagoner Miller
2) State Administration & Technology
Appropriations Subcommittee
Helpling Topp
3) State Affairs Committee
SUMMARY ANALYSIS
The Capitol Complex in Tallahassee includes the Capitol Building, the Historic Capitol, Senate Office Building,
House Office Building, Knott Building, Pepper Building, and the Holland Building. The Capitol Complex is under
the general control and supervision of the Department of Management Services (DMS), which includes the
management and maintenance of both the grounds and buildings. DMS is authorized to allocate space to
house various departments, agencies, boards, and commissions in state buildings other than the Supreme
Court Building.
DMS is required to set aside an area of the Capitol Complex which authorizes where monuments must be
placed. The construction and placement of a monument on the premises of the Capitol Complex is prohibited
unless authorized by law. DMS must coordinate with the Division of Historical Resources of the Department of
State regarding a monument’s design and placement.
The bill states it is the intent of the Legislature to recognize the importance of the role of this state, and its past,
current, and future contributions, in space exploration. The bill establishes the Florida Space Exploration
Monument and specifies that it is to be administered by DMS. DMS, in consultation with Space Florida, is
required to establish a contest for individuals to submit designs for the monument and must appoint a selection
committee to choose the design. DMS is required to develop a plan for the design, cost, creation and the
proper placement of the monument on the premises of the Capitol Complex. The bill limits participation in any
competition between sculptors or artists for the design of a monument at the Capitol Complex or any other
state building to specified individuals domiciled in Florida.
The bill may have a minimal negative fiscal impact on state government. See Fiscal Comments.
STORAGE NAME: h1189b.SAT PAGE: 2
DATE: 3/28/2023
FULL ANALYSIS
I. SUBSTANTIVE ANALYSIS
A. EFFECT OF PROPOSED CHANGES:
Present Situation
Florida’s Role in Space Exploration
The state of Florida has a long history connected to space exploration. Congress established the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) on October 1, 1958.
1
Project Mercury was the
first human spaceflight program of the United States. The goals of the program were to place a manned
spacecraft in orbit around Earth, investigate man’s performance capabilities and ability to function in
space, and recover both man and spacecraft safely. Alan B. Shepard, Jr., was America’s first man in
space, launched in 1961 from Cape Canaveral, Florida. After consideration, Cape Canaveral was
chosen by NASA in 1961 as the space launch center for the Apollo program, which was tasked with
putting a human on the moon. On July 20, 1969, Apollo 11, commanded by Neil Armstrong, along with
Lunar Module Plot Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin, Jr., landed on the moon, while Command Module Pilot Michael
Collins orbited above in the command ship, Columbia.
2
Between the first launch on April 12, 1981, and the final landing on July 21, 2011, NASA's space shuttle
fleet, Columbia, Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis, and Endeavour, flew 135 missions, launched,
recovered, and repaired satellites, conducted cutting-edge research, and helped construct the
International Space Station. From the launch of the first space shuttle, NASA continued to set high
marks of achievement and endurance through 30 years of missions. The final space shuttle mission,
STS-135, ended July 21, 2011, when Atlantis rolled to a stop at its home port, NASA's Kennedy Space
Center.
3
While NASA is working towards returning astronauts to the Moon, continuing the exploration of Mars,
and developing new technology to make supersonic aircraft fly longer and faster,
4
private sector
entrepreneurs are looking for opportunities in space.
5
Space Florida
Space Florida was created under the Space Florida Act
6
as an independent special district, a body
politic and corporate and subdivision of state government in 2006.
7
Space Florida is directed to
promote aerospace business development by facilitating business financing, spaceport operations,
research and development, workforce development, and innovative education programs.
8
Space
Florida is governed by a 13 member independent board of directors, consisting of members of the
board of Enterprise Florida, Inc., appointed by the Governor, the President of the Senate, and the
1
National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (Pub. L. 85-568). The Act converted the National Advisory Committee for
Aeronautics (NACA), created in 1915, into NASA. From 1915 to 1958, NACA was instrumental in many developments and
advancements in flight for the United States. For example, NACA research was key to the development of the laminar
flow wing that led to the development of one of the premier air superiority fighters of the Second World War, the P-51
Mustang. See at https://www.nasa.gov/ames/the-national-advisory-committee-for-aeronautics,
https://history.nasa.gov/naca/overview.html, and https://www.britannica.com/technology/P-51 (all last visited March 10,
2023).
2
NASA and the Space Program Change Florida, Florida Memory, State library and Archives of Florida.
https://www.floridamemory.com/onlineclassroom/nasa/photos/# (last visited March 10, 2023).
3
NASA Overview, Space Shuttle Era, https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/flyout/index.html, (last visited March
10, 2023).
4
What’s Next for NASA; https://www.nasa.gov/about/whats_next.html, (last visited March 10, 2023).
5
See 10 Major Players in the Private Sector Space Race, by Nicholas Gerbis; https://science.howstuffworks.com/10-
major-players-in-private-sector-space-race.htm, (last visited March 10, 2023).
6
Ch. 2006-60, Laws of Fla.; See ch. 331, F.S
7
S. 331.302, F.S.
8
Id. STORAGE NAME: h1189b.SAT PAGE: 3
DATE: 3/28/2023
Speaker of the House of Representatives, and the Governor serves ex officio or appoints a designee to
serve as the chair and voting member.
9
The vision of Space Florida is where “Florida is the leading
global and interplanetary center for sustainable aerospace commerce.”
10
Managing the Capitol Center
Chapter 272, F.S., provides that the Capitol Center
11
is under the general control and supervision of the
Department of Management Services (DMS),
12
which includes the management and maintenance of
both the grounds and buildings.
13
DMS is authorized to allocate space in the specified buildings to
house various departments, agencies, boards, and commissions except the Supreme Court Building.
14
Additionally, DMS has the authority to provide for the establishment of parks, walkways, and parkways
on the grounds of the Capitol Center.
15
This responsibility has historically included assistance in
establishing and maintaining public memorials throughout the Capitol Center, including project
management, and oversight of the design and construction of memorials.
16
The term “Capitol Complex” is defined to include:
that portion of Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida, commonly referred to as the Capitol,
the Historic Capitol, the Senate Office Building, the House Office Building, the Knott
Building, the Pepper Building, the Holland Building, and the curtilage of each, including
the state-owned lands and public streets adjacent thereto within an area bounded by
and including Monroe Street, Jefferson Street, Duval Street, and Gaines Street. The
term shall also include the State Capital Circle Office Complex located in Leon County,
Florida.
17
DMS is responsible for the management, maintenance, and upkeep of the Capital Complex and has
authority to employ a superintendent of the grounds and other employees, and to designate or appoint
a nonsalaried advisory committee to advise them.
18
Capitol Complex Monuments
A monument is defined as “a marker, statue, sculpture, plaque, or other artifice, including living plant
material, placed in remembrance or recognition of a significant person or event in Florida history.”
19
DMS is required to set aside an area of the Capitol Complex to dedicate a memorial garden on which
authorized monuments must be placed.
20
The construction and placement of a monument on the
premises of the Capitol Complex is prohibited unless authorized by general law. Additionally, the
construction and placement of a monument on the premises of the Capitol Complex must be approved,
after considering the recommendations of DMS and the Florida Historical Commission
21
, by the:
The Governor, or his or her designee.
The Attorney General, or his or her designee.
The Chief Financial Officer, or his or her designee.
9
S. 331.3081, F.S.
10
About Space Florida, www.spaceflorida.gov/about/ (last visited March 10, 2023).
11
Section 272.12, F.S., defines the Capitol Center as the area bound by South Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard, East and West
College Avenue, Franklin Boulevard, East Jefferson Street, and the Seaboard Coastline Railway right-of-way as the Capitol Center.
12
S. 272.03, F.S
13
S. 272.09, F.S.
14
S. 727.04, F.S.
15
S. 272.07, F.S
16
Department of Management Services, Agency Analysis of 2014 Senate Bill 608, p. 2 (Feb. 19, 2014).
17
S. 281.01, F.S. The Caldwell Building lies within the bounded area described in current law, but is not specifically named in statutes
and therefore not considered as part of the Capitol Complex.
18
S. 272.09, F.S.
19
S. 265.111(1), F.S.
20
S. 265.111(3), F.S.
21
Section 267.0612(9), F.S. requires the Florida Historical Commission to provide on the design and placement of monuments to be
placed on the premises of the Capitol Complex. STORAGE NAME: h1189b.SAT PAGE: 4
DATE: 3/28/2023
The Commissioner of Agriculture, or his or her designee.
The President of the Senate, or his or her designee.
The Speaker of the House of Representatives, or his or her designee.
22
To date, there have been 13 memorials authorized in Florida Statute. Of the 13, eight have been
completed, two have been funded and are in the design stage, and three have not been funded or
completed. The following chart shows each statutorily authorized memorial.
23
Division of Historical Resources
The Division is charged with encouraging identification, evaluation, protection, preservation, collection,
conservation, and interpretation of information about Florida’s historic sites and properties or objects
related to Florida’s history and culture.
24
This includes cooperating with, advising, and assisting federal
and state agencies in pursuit of historic preservation.
25
Florida Historical Commission
The Florida Historical Commission (Commission) was established in 2001 to enhance public
participation and involvement in the preservation and protection of the state's historic and
archaeological sites and properties.
26
The Commission is part of the Department of State and is tasked
with advising and assisting the Division in carrying out its programs, duties, and responsibilities.
27
22
S. 265.111(2), F.S.
23
Email from Patrick Gillespie, Deputy Secretary of Business Operations, Department of Management Services, RE: Monuments
(Mar. 6, 2023).
24
S. 20.1(2)(b), F.S.
25
S. 267.031, F.S.
26
Chapter 2001-199, L.O.F.
27
S. 267.0612, F.S.
Memorial
Current Status
of Statutory
Authority
Funded
Y/N
Year
Authorized Status
Florida Women’s Hall of Fame 265.001 Y 1992 Completed
Florida Medal of Honor Wall 265.002 Y 1996 Completed
Florida Veterans’ Hall of Fame 265.003 Y 2011 Completed
POW-MIA Chair of Honor Memorial 265.00301 Y 2014 Completed-2022
Florida Veterans’ Walk of Honor
and Florida Veterans’ Memorial
Garden 265.0031 N 2014 TBD
Florida Tourism Hall of Fame 265.004 Y 2014 Completed
Florida Law Enforcement Officers’
Hall of Fame 265.0041 Y 2014 Completed
Florida Holocaust Memorial 265.005 Y 2016 In Design
Florida Slavery Memorial 265.006 Y 2018 In Design
Arthur G. Dozier School for Boys
Memorial (Dozier School,
Marianna) 265.007 Y 2017 Completed-2023
Arthur G. Dozier School for Boys
Memorial (Florida Capitol) 265.007 Y 2017 Designed
POW-MIA Vietnam Veterans
Bracelet Memorial 265.008 Y 2021 Completed-2021
Beirut Monument 265.111 N 2014 TBD STORAGE NAME: h1189b.SAT PAGE: 5
DATE: 3/28/2023
The Commission is required to provide assistance, advice, and recommendations to the Division in a
variety of areas, including providing recommendations to DMS on the design of monuments authorized
by general law and placement on the premises of the Capitol Complex.
28
Effect of Proposed Changes
The bill states it is the intent of the Legislature to recognize the importance of the role of this state, and
its past, current, and future contributions, in space exploration, and to honor the contribution of
individuals and their families for their impact on the Untied State’s achievements in space.
The bill establishes the Florida Space Exploration Monument and specifies that it is to be administered
by DMS. The bill specifies that DMS, in consultation with Space Florida, must establish a contest for
individuals who wish to submit a design for the monument and requires DMS and Space Florida to
appoint a selection committee to choose the design of the monument.
DMS is required to develop a plan for the design, placement, and cost of the monument. The plan
must include the designation of the appropriate public area on the premises of the Capitol Complex to
place the monument. The bill specifies that DMS must consider the recommendations of the Florida
Historical Commission and coordinate with the Division of Historical Resources in developing the plan.
Further, the bill specifies that the plan must include the dates for the design contest and the timeframe
for the selection committee to review and select a design. DMS is required to submit the plan to the
Governor, the President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives by July1,
2024.
The bill limits participation in any competition between sculptors or artists, for the design of a monument
at the Capitol Complex or any other state building, to specified individuals domiciled in Florida.
B. SECTION DIRECTORY:
Section 1 Creates s. 265.009, F.S., establishing the Florida Space Exploration Monument.
Section 2 Amends s. 265.111, F.S., limiting participation in design competitions for monuments.
Section 3 Provides an effective date of July 1, 2023.
II. FISCAL ANALYSIS & ECONOMIC IMPACT STATEMENT
A. FISCAL IMPACT ON STATE GOVERNMENT:
1. Revenues:
None.
2. Expenditures:
See Fiscal Comments.
B. FISCAL IMPACT ON LOCAL GOVERNMENTS:
1. Revenues:
None.
2. Expenditures:
None.
28
S. 267.0612(9), F.S. See s. 265.111, F.S. STORAGE NAME: h1189b.SAT PAGE: 6
DATE: 3/28/2023
C. DIRECT ECONOMIC IMPACT ON PRIVATE SECTOR:
None.
D. FISCAL COMMENTS:
The cost for DMS to develop the plan for the monument is indeterminate, but likely insignificant. The bill
does not include an appropriation for building the monument. After design is complete, DMS will need
to request funding from the Legislature through the Legislative Budget Request process.
III. COMMENTS
A. CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES:
1. Applicability of Municipality/County Mandates Provision:
Not Applicable. This bill does not appear to require counties or municipalities to spend funds or take
action requiring the expenditures of funds; reduce the authority that counties or municipalities have
to raise revenues in the aggregate; or reduce the percentage of state tax shared with counties or
municipalities.
2. Other:
None.
B. RULE-MAKING AUTHORITY:
None.
C. DRAFTING ISSUES OR OTHER COMMENTS:
None.
IV. AMENDMENTS/COMMITTEE SUBSTITUTE CHANGES