Florida 2023 2023 Regular Session

Florida House Bill H1499 Introduced / Bill

Filed 03/06/2023

                       
 
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A bill to be entitled 1 
An act relating to affordable housing; creating s. 2 
166.0452, F.S.; providing definitions; authorizing 3 
municipalities to create community land bank programs 4 
for a certain purpose; requiring certain 5 
municipalities to create a community land bank plan; 6 
providing requirements for such plan; requiring a 7 
public hearing on the plan before its adoption; 8 
requiring notice to certain entities; requiring the 9 
proposed plan to be made public within a certain 10 
amount of time before the hearing; providing 11 
requirements for the sale of certain property to land 12 
banks; providing that such sale is for a public 13 
purpose; prohibiting certain persons from challenging 14 
the market value of a property under certain 15 
circumstances; requiring written notice of a sale of 16 
such property be giv en to certain persons in a certain 17 
manner within a specified time period; authorizing the 18 
owner of certain property to contest the sale of such 19 
property and requiring such property to be sold in a 20 
different manner; specifying that the owner of certain 21 
property is not entitled to proceeds from the sale and 22 
is not liable for certain deficiencies; authorizing 23 
land banks to buy certain property for less than 24 
market value under certain circumstances; conveying 25     
 
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the right, title, and interest in certain property t o 26 
land banks; requiring land banks to offer qualified 27 
organizations a right of first refusal to purchase 28 
certain property; providing requirements for the right 29 
of first refusal; providing conditions for the 30 
subsequent resale of property acquired by land ba nks; 31 
requiring certain deed restrictions on certain 32 
property; providing requirements for such deed 33 
restrictions; authorizing the modification or addition 34 
of deed restrictions; requiring land banks to maintain 35 
certain records; requiring land banks to file a nnual 36 
audited financial statements within a certain 37 
timeframe; requiring land banks to submit an annual 38 
performance report by a certain date; providing 39 
requirements for such report; requiring copies of such 40 
report be given to certain entities and made avai lable 41 
for public review; providing applicability; creating 42 
s. 220.1851, F.S.; providing definitions; authorizing 43 
a tax credit for certain projects; providing the 44 
maximum value of such credit; authorizing the Florida 45 
Housing Finance Corporation to allocate the tax credit 46 
to certain projects; authorizing the tax credit to be 47 
transferred by the recipient; requiring the Department 48 
of Revenue to adopt rules; creating s. 420.50931, 49 
F.S.; creating the Retail -to-residence Tax Credit 50     
 
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Program; providing the purpose o f the program; 51 
requiring the Florida Housing Finance Corporation to 52 
determine which projects will receive the tax credit; 53 
authorizing the corporation to establish certain 54 
procedures, exercise certain powers, and prepare a 55 
specified annual plan; requiring s uch plan to be 56 
approved by the Governor; requiring the board of 57 
directors of the corporation to administer certain 58 
procedures and determine allocations on behalf of the 59 
corporation; providing requirements for certain 60 
procedures; requiring taxpayers to subm it an 61 
application with certain information to the 62 
corporation; authorizing the corporation to request 63 
additional information; providing requirements for the 64 
approval of an application for a project; creating s. 65 
420.5096, F.S.; creating the Affordable Housi ng 66 
Construction Loan Program; providing the corporation 67 
with certain powers and responsibilities relating to 68 
the program; providing requirements for the program; 69 
providing rulemaking authority; providing an effective 70 
date. 71 
 72 
Be It Enacted by the Legisla ture of the State of Florida: 73 
 74 
 Section 1.  Section 166.0452, Florida Statutes, is created 75     
 
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to read: 76 
 166.0452  Community Land Bank Program. — 77 
 (1)  For purposes of this section, the term: 78 
 (a)  "Affordable" has the same meaning as in s. 420.0004. 79 
 (b)  "Community housing development organization" has the 80 
same meaning as in s. 420.503. 81 
 (c)  "Community land bank plan" or "plan" means a plan 82 
adopted by the governing body of a municipality to implement a 83 
community land bank program. 84 
 (d)  "Community land bank program" or "program" means the 85 
program created by a governing body of a municipality under this 86 
section. 87 
 (e)  "Land bank" means an entity established or approved by 88 
the governing body of a municipality for the purpose of 89 
acquiring, holding, and transfer ring unimproved real property 90 
under this section. 91 
 (f)  "Low-income household" has the same meaning as in s. 92 
420.9071. 93 
 (g)  "Qualified organization" means a community housing 94 
development organization that meets all of the following 95 
criteria: 96 
 1.  Contains within its designated geographical boundaries 97 
of operation, as set forth in its application for certification 98 
filed with and approved by the municipality, a portion of the 99 
property that a land bank is offering for sale. 100     
 
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 2.  Has built at least three singl e-family homes or 101 
duplexes or one multifamily residential dwelling of four or more 102 
units in compliance with all applicable building codes within 103 
the preceding 2-year period and within the organization's 104 
designated geographical boundaries of operation. 105 
 3.  Has developed or rehabilitated housing units within the 106 
preceding 3-year period which are within a 2 -mile radius of the 107 
property that a land bank is offering for sale. 108 
 (h)  "Qualified participating developer" means a developer 109 
that meets all of the following criteria: 110 
 1.  Has developed three or more housing units within the 3 -111 
year period preceding its submission of a proposal to the land 112 
bank seeking to acquire real property from a land bank. 113 
 2.  Has a development plan approved by the governing bod y 114 
of the municipality for the property acquired from a land bank. 115 
 3.  Any other requirements adopted by the governing body of 116 
the municipality in its community land bank plan. 117 
 118 
The term includes a qualified organization. 119 
 (i)  "Very-low-income household" has the same meaning as in 120 
s. 420.9071. 121 
 (2)  The governing body of a municipality may create a 122 
community land bank program in which the person charged with 123 
selling real property pursuant to a foreclosure judgment may 124 
sell certain eligible real property by private sale for purposes 125     
 
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of affordable housing developments. The governing body of a 126 
municipality that adopts a community land bank program shall 127 
establish or approve a land bank for the purpose of acquiring, 128 
holding, and transferring unimproved real pro perty under this 129 
section. 130 
 (3)(a)  The governing body of a municipality that creates a 131 
community land bank program shall operate the program in 132 
conformance with a community land bank plan that the 133 
municipality adopts annually. The plan may be amended as ne eded. 134 
 (b)  In developing the plan, the governing body of a 135 
municipality shall consider other housing plans adopted by the 136 
governing body, including the comprehensive plan submitted to 137 
the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development 138 
and all fair housing plans and policies adopted or agreed to by 139 
the governing body. 140 
 (c)  The plan must include, at a minimum, all of the 141 
following: 142 
 1.  A list of community housing development organizations 143 
eligible to participate in the right of first refusal und er 144 
subsection (6). The plan must also include the time period 145 
during which the right of first refusal may be exercised, which 146 
time period must be at least 9 months but not more than 26 147 
months after the date of the deed of conveyance of the property 148 
to the land bank. 149 
 2.  A right of first refusal for any other nonprofit 150     
 
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corporation exempted from federal income tax under s. 501(c)(3) 151 
of the United States Internal Revenue Code, provided that the 152 
preeminent right of first refusal is provided to qualified 153 
organizations as provided in subsection (6). 154 
 3.  A list of the parcels of real property that may be 155 
eligible for sale to the land bank during the next year. 156 
 4.  The municipality's plan for the development of 157 
affordable housing on those parcels of real property . 158 
 5.  The sources and amounts of money the municipality 159 
anticipates to be available for subsidies for the development of 160 
affordable housing in the municipality, including any money 161 
specifically available for housing developed under the program, 162 
as approved by the governing body of the municipality at the 163 
time the plan is adopted. 164 
 6.  The amount of additional time, if any, that a property 165 
may be held in the land bank once an offer has been received 166 
from a qualified participating developer and accepted by t he 167 
land bank. 168 
 (4)(a)  Before the adoption of a plan, the governing body 169 
of a municipality must hold a public hearing on the proposed 170 
plan. 171 
 (b)  The city manager or his or her designee must provide 172 
notice of the public hearing to all community housing 173 
development organizations and to the neighborhood associations 174 
identified by the governing body of the municipality as serving 175     
 
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the neighborhoods in which properties anticipated to be 176 
available for sale to the land bank under this section are 177 
located. 178 
 (c)  The city manager or his or her designee must make 179 
copies of the proposed plan available to the public at least 60 180 
days before the date of the public hearing. 181 
 (5)(a)  Except as provided in paragraph (f), property that 182 
is ordered sold pursuant to a foreclosur e judgment may be sold 183 
in a private sale to a land bank by the person charged with the 184 
sale of the property without first offering the property for 185 
sale as otherwise provided in chapter 45 if all of the following 186 
apply: 187 
 1.  The market value of the propert y as specified in the 188 
judgment of foreclosure is less than the total amount due under 189 
the judgment, including all taxes, penalties, and interest, plus 190 
the value of nontax liens held by a taxing unit and awarded by 191 
the judgment, court costs, and the cost of the sale. 192 
 2.  The property is not improved with a building or 193 
buildings. 194 
 3.  There are delinquent taxes on the property for a total 195 
of at least 5 years. 196 
 4.  The governing body of the municipality has executed an 197 
interlocal agreement with the other taxi ng units that are 198 
parties to the foreclosure proceeding which enables those taxing 199 
units to agree to participate in the program while retaining the 200     
 
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right to withhold consent to the sale of the specific properties 201 
to the land bank. 202 
 (b)  A sale of property for use in connection with the 203 
program is a sale for a public purpose. 204 
 (c)  If the person being sued in a foreclosure proceeding 205 
does not contest the market value of the property in the 206 
proceeding, the person waives the right to challenge the amount 207 
of the market value determined by the court for purposes of the 208 
sale of the property under s. 45.031. 209 
 (d)  For any sale of property under this section, the 210 
person charged with the sale of the property must provide each 211 
person who was a defendant to the judgmen t, or that person's 212 
attorney, written notice at least 90 days before the date of the 213 
sale of the proposed method of sale of the property. Such notice 214 
must be given in accordance with the Florida Rules of Civil 215 
Procedure. 216 
 (e)  After receipt of the notice r equired under paragraph 217 
(d) and before the date of the proposed sale, the owner of the 218 
property subject to sale may file with the person charged with 219 
the sale a written request that the property not be sold in the 220 
manner provided under this section. 221 
 (f)  If the person charged with the sale receives a written 222 
request as provided in paragraph (e), the person must sell the 223 
property as otherwise provided in chapter 45. 224 
 (g)  The owner of the property subject to the sale may not 225     
 
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receive any proceeds of a sale under this section and does not 226 
have any personal liability for a deficiency of the judgment as 227 
a result of a sale under this section. 228 
 (h)  If consent is given by the taxing units that are a 229 
party to the judgment, property may be sold to a land bank for 230 
less than the market value of the property as specified in the 231 
judgment or less than the total of all taxes, penalties, and 232 
interest, plus the value of nontax liens held by a taxing unit 233 
and awarded by the judgment, court costs, and the cost of the 234 
sale. 235 
 (i)  The deed of conveyance of the property sold to a land 236 
bank under this section conveys to the land bank the right, 237 
title, and interest acquired or held by each taxing unit that 238 
was a party to the judgment, subject to the right of redemption. 239 
 (6)  After receiving the deed of conveyance of the 240 
property, a land bank must first offer the property for sale to 241 
qualified organizations. 242 
 (a)  A land bank must provide notice to qualified 243 
organizations by certified mail, return receipt requested, at 244 
least 60 days before the beginning of the time period in which a 245 
right of first refusal may be exercised according to a 246 
municipality's community land bank plan. 247 
 (b)  If a land bank conveys the property to a qualified 248 
organization before the expiration of the time peri od specified 249 
by the community land bank plan, the interlocal agreement 250     
 
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executed under subparagraph (5)(a)4. must provide tax abatement 251 
for the property until the expiration of the time period. 252 
 (c)  During the right of first refusal time period, a land 253 
bank may not sell the property to a qualified participating 254 
developer other than a qualified organization. If all qualified 255 
organizations notify the land bank that they are declining to 256 
exercise their right of first refusal during the applicable time 257 
period, the land bank may sell the property to any other 258 
qualified participating developer at the same price that the 259 
land bank offered the property to the qualified organizations. 260 
 (d)  If more than one qualified organization expresses an 261 
interest in exercising i ts right of first refusal, the 262 
organization that has the most geographically compact area 263 
encompassing a portion of the property as designated it its 264 
application for certification is given priority. 265 
 (e)  A land bank is not required to provide a right of 266 
first refusal to qualified organizations under this section if 267 
the land bank is selling property that reverted to the land bank 268 
as provided under subsection (7). 269 
 (7)  Each subsequent resale of property acquired by a land 270 
bank under this section must comply with the conditions of this 271 
subsection. 272 
 (a)  A land bank must sell a property to a qualified 273 
participating developer within 3 years after receiving the deed 274 
of conveyance of the property for the purpose of construction of 275     
 
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affordable housing for sale or r ent to low-income households or 276 
very-low-income households. If the land bank has not sold the 277 
property within those 3 years, the property must be transferred 278 
from the land bank back to the taxing units who were parties to 279 
the foreclosure judgment for dispo sition as otherwise allowed 280 
under law. 281 
 (b)  The number of properties acquired by a qualified 282 
participating developer under this section on which development 283 
has not been completed may not at any time exceed three times 284 
the annual average residential produ ction completed by the 285 
qualified participating developer during the preceding 2 -year 286 
period, as determined by the governing body of the municipality. 287 
In its community land bank plan, the governing body of the 288 
municipality may increase the number of propert ies a qualified 289 
participating developer may acquire. 290 
 (c)  The deed conveying a property sold by a land bank must 291 
include a right of reverter so that, if the qualified 292 
participating developer does not apply for a construction permit 293 
and close on any constr uction financing within 2 years after the 294 
date of the conveyance of the property from the land bank to the 295 
qualified participating developer, the property reverts to the 296 
land bank for subsequent resale to another qualified 297 
participating developer or convey ance to the taxing units as 298 
required under paragraph (a). 299 
 (d)  The proceeds from sales under this section must be 300     
 
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reinvested back into the community land bank program. 301 
 (8)(a)  A land bank must impose deed restrictions on 302 
property sold to qualified partic ipating developers requiring 303 
the development and sale or rental of the property to low -income 304 
households and very-low-income households. 305 
 (b)  At least 25 percent of a land bank's properties sold 306 
during any given fiscal year to be developed for sale must b e 307 
deed restricted for sale to households whose total annual 308 
household income does not exceed 60 percent of the area median 309 
income, adjusted for household size, for the metropolitan 310 
statistical area in which the municipality is located, as 311 
determined annually by the United States Department of Housing 312 
and Urban Development. 313 
 (c)1.  If the property sold is to be developed for rental 314 
units, the deed restrictions must last for at least 20 years and 315 
prohibit the exclusion of a person or family from admission to 316 
the development based solely on the participation of the person 317 
or family in the Housing Choice Voucher Program under s. 8 of 318 
the United States Housing Act of 1937, as amended. Additionally, 319 
the deed restrictions must require: 320 
 a.  That 100 percent of the rental units be occupied by and 321 
affordable to households whose total annual household income 322 
does not exceed 60 percent of the area median income, adjusted 323 
for household size, for the metropolitan statistical area in 324 
which the municipality is located, as d etermined annually by the 325     
 
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United States Department of Housing and Urban Development; 326 
 b.  That 40 percent of the rental units be occupied by and 327 
affordable to households whose total annual household income 328 
does not exceed 50 percent of the area median inco me, adjusted 329 
for household size, for the metropolitan statistical area in 330 
which the municipality is located, as determined annually by the 331 
United States Department of Housing and Urban Development; or 332 
 c.  That 20 percent of the rental units be occupied by and 333 
affordable to households whose total annual household income 334 
does not exceed 30 percent of the area median income, adjusted 335 
for household size, for the metropolitan statistical area in 336 
which the municipality is located, as determined annually by the 337 
United States Department of Housing and Urban Development. 338 
 2.  The owner of a development with deed restrictions 339 
required under this paragraph must file an annual occupancy 340 
report with the municipality on a form adopted by the governing 341 
body of the municipality. 342 
 (d)  Except as otherwise provided by this section, if the 343 
deed restrictions imposed under this subsection are for a number 344 
of years, the deed restrictions must renew automatically. 345 
 (e)  A land bank or the governing body of a municipality 346 
may modify or add to the deed restrictions imposed under this 347 
subsection. Any modifications or additions made by the governing 348 
body of the municipality must be adopted by the governing body 349 
as part of its community land bank plan and must comply with the 350     
 
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restrictions in this subsection. 351 
 (9)(a)  A land bank must keep accurate minutes of its 352 
meetings and accurate records and books of account that conform 353 
with generally accepted principles of accounting and that 354 
clearly reflect the income and expenses of the land bank and all 355 
transactions in relation to its property. 356 
 (b)  A land bank must maintain in its records for 357 
inspection a copy of the sale settlement statement for each 358 
property sold by a qualified participating developer and a copy 359 
of the first page of the mortg age note with the interest rate 360 
and indicating the volume and page number of the instrument as 361 
filed with the county clerk. 362 
 (c)  Within 90 days after the close of its fiscal year, a 363 
land bank must file with the municipality an annual audited 364 
financial statement prepared by a certified public accountant. 365 
The financial transactions of the land bank are subject to audit 366 
by the municipality. 367 
 (d)  For purposes of evaluating the effectiveness of the 368 
program, a land bank must submit an annual performance report to 369 
the municipality by November 1 of each year in which the land 370 
bank acquires or sells property under this section. The 371 
performance report must include all of the following: 372 
 1.  A complete and detailed written accounting of all money 373 
and properties recei ved and disbursed by the land bank during 374 
the preceding fiscal year. 375     
 
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 2.  For each property acquired by the land bank during the 376 
preceding fiscal year: 377 
 a.  The street address of the property. 378 
 b.  The legal description of the property. 379 
 c.  The date on which the land bank took title to the 380 
property. 381 
 d.  The full name and street address of the property owner 382 
of record at the time of the foreclosure proceeding. 383 
 3.  For each property sold by the land bank to a qualified 384 
participating developer during the preceding fiscal year: 385 
 a.  The street address of the property. 386 
 b.  The legal description of the property. 387 
 c.  The full name and mailing address of the developer. 388 
 d.  The purchase price paid by the developer. 389 
 e.  The maximum incomes allowed for the hou seholds by the 390 
terms of the sale. 391 
 f.  The source and amount of any public subsidy provided by 392 
the municipality to facilitate the sale or rental of the 393 
property to a household within the targeted income levels. 394 
 4.  For each property sold by a qualified pa rticipating 395 
developer during the preceding fiscal year, the buyer's 396 
household income and a description of all use and sale 397 
restrictions. 398 
 5.  For each property developed for rental units with an 399 
active deed restriction, a copy of the most recent annual rep ort 400     
 
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filed by the owner of the land bank. 401 
 (e)  A land bank must provide copies of the performance 402 
report to the taxing units that were parties to the judgment of 403 
foreclosure and provide notice of the availability of the 404 
performance report for review to the organizations and 405 
neighborhood associations identified by the governing body of 406 
the municipality as serving the neighborhoods in which 407 
properties sold to the land bank under this section are located. 408 
 (f)  The land bank and municipality must maintain copi es of 409 
all performance reports and make such reports available for 410 
public review. 411 
 (10)  This section does not apply to property acquired 412 
through an eminent domain action. 413 
 Section 2.  Section 220.1851, Florida Statutes, is created 414 
to read: 415 
 220.1851  Retail-to-residence tax credit. — 416 
 (1)  As used in this section, the term: 417 
 (a)  "Credit period" means the period of 5 years beginning 418 
with the year a project is completed. 419 
 (b)  "Designated project" means a qualified project 420 
designated pursuant to s. 420.5 0931 to receive the tax credit 421 
under this section. 422 
 (c)  "Qualified project" means a project to redevelop a 423 
structure that was originally developed as a shopping center to 424 
provide appropriate and affordable workforce housing. 425     
 
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 (d)  "Shopping center" means an area designed to provide 426 
space for multiple storefronts within a single building or 427 
sharing a common parking lot. 428 
 (2)(a)  There shall be allowed a tax credit of up to 9 429 
percent, but no more than necessary to make the project 430 
feasible, of the total cost of a designated project for each 431 
year of the credit period against any tax due for a taxable year 432 
under this chapter. 433 
 (b)  The tax credit shall be allocated among designated 434 
projects by the Florida Housing Finance Corporation as provided 435 
in s. 420.50931. 436 
 (c)  A tax credit allocated to a designated project may be 437 
subject to transfer by the recipient. Such transferred credits 438 
may not be transferred again. The department shall adopt rules 439 
necessary to administer this paragraph. 440 
 Section 3.  Section 420.50 931, Florida Statutes, is created 441 
to read: 442 
 420.50931  Retail-to-Residence Tax Credit Program. — 443 
 (1)  There is created the Retail -to-residence Tax Credit 444 
Program for the purpose of redeveloping shopping centers into 445 
appropriate and affordable workforce housing. 446 
 (2)  The corporation shall determine those qualified 447 
projects, as defined in s. 220.1851(1), which shall be 448 
considered designated projects under s. 220.1851 and eligible 449 
for the corporate tax credit under that section. The corporation 450     
 
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shall establish procedures necessary for proper allocation and 451 
distribution of tax credits, including the establishment of 452 
criteria for ensuring that the housing is appropriate and 453 
affordable for the workers of the state, and may exercise all 454 
powers necessary to admi nister the allocation of such credits. 455 
The board of directors of the corporation shall administer the 456 
allocation procedures and determine allocations on behalf of the 457 
corporation. The corporation shall prepare an annual plan, which 458 
must be approved by the Governor, containing general guidelines 459 
for the allocation of tax credits to designated projects. 460 
 (3)  The corporation shall adopt allocation procedures to 461 
ensure that tax credits are used in a fair manner, taking into 462 
consideration the timeliness of the application, the location of 463 
the proposed project, the relative need in the area for 464 
appropriate and affordable workforce housing and the 465 
availability of such housing, the economic feasibility of the 466 
proposed project, and the ability of the applicant to co mplete 467 
the proposed project in the calendar year for which the tax 468 
credit is sought. 469 
 (4)(a)  A taxpayer who wishes to participate in the Retail -470 
to-residence Tax Credit Program must submit an application for 471 
tax credit to the corporation. The application m ust identify the 472 
proposed project and the location of the proposed project and 473 
include evidence that the proposed project is a qualified 474 
project as defined in s. 220.1851(1). The corporation may 475     
 
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request any information from an applicant necessary to enable 476 
the corporation to make tax credit allocations according to the 477 
procedures adopted under subsection (3). 478 
 (b)  The corporation's approval of an application for a 479 
project must be in writing and include a statement of the 480 
maximum tax credit allowable to the applicant. 481 
 Section 4.  Section 420.5096, Florida Statutes, is created 482 
to read: 483 
 420.5096  Affordable Housing Construction Loan Program. — 484 
 (1)  The Affordable Housing Construction Loan Program is 485 
created to encourage the new construction of affordable h omes 486 
for purchase by low-to-moderate income homebuyers by providing a 487 
revolving line of construction funding. 488 
 (2)  The corporation is authorized to provide loans under 489 
the program to applicants for construction of affordable 490 
housing. Applicants may draw f rom the loan up to five times per 491 
home. All homes must meet the requirements of the Florida 492 
Building Code or, if more stringent, local amendments to the 493 
Florida Building Code. 494 
 (3)  Qualified homebuyers of homes built under this program 495 
must be first-time homebuyers who earn no more than 120 percent 496 
of the area median income. 497 
 (4)  The corporation shall develop a loan application 498 
process for the program. 499 
 (5)  The corporation may adopt rules pursuant to ss. 500     
 
HB 1499  	2023 
 
 
 
CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. 
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F L O R I D A H O U S E O F R E P	R E S E N T A T I V E	S 
 
 
 
120.536(1) and 120.54 to implement this section. 501 
 Section 5.  This act shall take effect July 1, 2023. 502