The Florida Senate
BILL ANALYSIS AND FISCAL IMPACT STATEMENT
(This document is based on the provisions contained in the legislation as of the latest date listed below.)
Prepared By: The Professional Staff of the Committee on Agriculture
BILL: SB 572
INTRODUCER: Senators Collins and Wright
SUBJECT: Dangerous Dogs
DATE: February 28, 2025
ANALYST STAFF DIRECTOR REFERENCE ACTION
1. Burse Becker AG Favorable
2. JU
3. FP
I. Summary:
SB 572, which may be cited as the “Pam Rock Act,” amends requirements relating to dangerous
dogs.
Specifically, the bill requires a dog owner that has knowledge of their dog’s dangerous
propensities to securely confine the dog in a proper enclosure. It also provides requirements and
penalties for owners of dangerous dogs involved in injury or death to humans or animals. The
bill establishes the Statewide Dangerous Dog Registry and requirements for the registry.
The bill provides requirements and penalties for dogs that have not been declared dangerous that
are involved in the injury or death of humans.
The bill takes effect July 1, 2025.
II. Present Situation:
Dangerous Dogs
Part II of ch. 767, F.S., outlines the state’s “Dangerous Dogs” provisions, originally enacted in
1990.
1
The Legislature found that “dangerous dogs are an increasingly serious and widespread
threat to the safety and welfare of the people of this state because of unprovoked attacks which
cause injury to persons and domestic animals; that such attacks are in part attributable to the
failure of the owners to confine and properly train and control their dogs; that existing laws
inadequately address this growing problem; and that it is appropriate and necessary to impose
uniform requirements on the owners of dangerous dogs.”
2
1
Ch. 90-180, Laws of Fla.
2
Section 767.10, F.S.
REVISED: BILL: SB 572 Page 2
A “dangerous dog” is defined as a dog that:
• Has aggressively bitten, attacked, endangered, or inflicted severe injury on a person on public
or private property;
• Has more than one time severely injured or killed a domestic animal while the dog is off the
owner’s property; or
• Has, when unprovoked, chased or approached a person in public in a menacing fashion, or
with an attitude of attack.
3
Process for Classification of Dogs as Dangerous
An animal control officer
4
is typically the person who would investigate an incident involving a
dog. In areas unserved by an animal control authority,
5
the sheriff assumes the duties required of
an animal control officer.
6
Upon receiving a report of a potentially dangerous dog, the animal control authority must
investigate the incident, interview the owner, and require a sworn affidavit from any person who
seeks to have a dog classified as dangerous.
7
An animal that is the subject of a dangerous dog
investigation because of severe injury to a human being may be immediately confiscated by an
animal control authority, placed in quarantine, if necessary, for the proper length of time, or
impounded and held.
8
A dog that is being investigated as a dangerous dog that is not impounded
with the animal control authority must be humanely and safely confined by the owner in a
securely fenced or enclosed area pending the outcome of the investigation.
9
The animal control authority may not declare a dog as dangerous if:
• The injured person was unlawfully on the property, or if lawfully on the property was
tormenting, abusing, or assaulting the dog or its owner or a family member; or
• The dog was protecting a person within the immediate vicinity of the dog from an unjustified
attack or assault.
10
After investigating, the animal control authority must initially determine whether sufficient cause
exists to classify the dog as dangerous and if sufficient cause is found, provide the owner an
opportunity for a hearing before making a final determination regarding the classification or
penalty.
11
The animal control authority must provide written notice of sufficient cause and
proposed penalty to the owner by registered mail, certified hand delivery, or service in
conformity with how service of process is made.
The owner has seven calendar days from receiving the notice to file a written request for a
hearing. The hearing officer must hold the hearing as soon as possible, no more than 21 calendar
3
Section 767.11, F.S.
4
Section 767.11(3), F.S.
5
Section 767.11(5), F.S.
6
Section 767.11(5) and (6), F.S.
7
Section 767.12(1), F.S.
8
Section 767.12(1)(a), F.S.
9
Section 767.12(1)(b), F.S.
10
Section 767.12(2)(a-b), F.S.
11
Section 767.12(3), F.S. BILL: SB 572 Page 3
days, and no sooner than five days after receiving the request for hearing.
12
If a hearing is not
timely requested the authority’s determination becomes final.
Within 14 days after the classification as a dangerous dog by the animal control authority, the
owner must register the dog with the animal control authority and renew the certification
annually. Vaccination, enclosure, warning sign, and identification requirements must then be
followed. The owner must immediately notify the animal control authority if the dog is loose,
bites or attacks a person or another animal, or if there is any other change in status. A dangerous
dog must remain in its enclosure at all times unless it is muzzled and restrained by a chain or
leash. Any violation of these requirements is a noncriminal infraction publishable by a fine, not
to exceed $500.
13
In addition to civil penalties, the owner of a dangerous dog can be charged with the following
criminal violations:
• 1st degree misdemeanor if the dog has previously been declared “dangerous” and it attacks or
bites a person or domestic animal without provocation.
14
• 2nd degree misdemeanor if the dog has not previously been declared “dangerous” but causes
severe injury to or death of any human and the owner had prior knowledge of, but recklessly
disregarded, the dog’s dangerous propensities.
15
• 3rd degree felony if the dog has previously been declared “dangerous” and it attacks and
causes severe injury to or death of any human.
16
Hunting Dogs
Hunting dogs are exempt from this section when engaged in any legal hunt or training procedure.
Dogs engaged in training or exhibiting in legal sports such as obedience trials, conformation
shows, field trials, hunting/retrieving trials, and herding trials are exempt from this section when
engaged in any legal procedures. Dogs that have been classified as dangerous may not be used
for hunting purposes.
17
Other State Dangerous Dog Law
At least 42 states have laws related to dangerous dogs and violations associated with their
ownership.
18
Virginia and Pennsylvania require dangerous dog owners to register their dogs with
their state’s online dog registry. Colorado, Oregon, and Pennsylvania have criminal penalties for
harboring, maintaining, or owning a dangerous dog.
19
III. Effect of Proposed Changes:
Section 1 Provides that this act may be cited as the “Pam Rock Act.”
12
Section 767.12(3), F.S.
13
Section 767.12 (7), F.S.
14
Section 676.13(1), F.S.
15
Section 767.136(1), F.S.
16
Section 767.13(2), F.S.
17
Section 767.12(6), F.S.
18
Michigan State University, State Dangerous Dog Laws, available at https://www.animallaw.info/topic/state-dangerous-
dog-laws (last visited February 24, 2025).
19
Id. BILL: SB 572 Page 4
Section 2 amends s. 767.01, F.S., to require a dog owner that has knowledge of their dog’s
dangerous propensities to securely confine the dog in a proper enclosure.
Section 3 amends s. 767.10, F.S., to provide that the Legislature intends to impose uniform
requirements for owners of dogs.
Section 4 amends s. 767.11, F.S., to provide the definition for “Department” to mean the
Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. The bill also amends the definition of
“Proper enclosure” to include a locked, fenced yard, suitable to prevent the entry of young
children and designed to prevent the dog from escaping over, under, or through the fence.
Section 5 amends s. 767.12, F.S., to authorize animal control authorities to confiscate a
dangerous dog to be placed in quarantine, for a time, or impounded and held. The bill also
amends the parameters in which a dog may not be declared dangerous.
The bill provides that after a dangerous dog classification the animal control authority shall
provide the department information for inclusion in the statewide Dangerous Dog Registry. The
bill also provides that the animal control authority shall, if the dog is classified as a dangerous
dog due to an incident that caused severe injury to a human being, destroy the dog in an
expeditious and humane manner.
The bill requires owners of dangerous dogs to:
• Provide permanent identification of the dog by a tattoo on the inside thigh of the dog or the
implantation of a microchip.
• Have the dog spayed or neutered.
• Obtain liability insurance coverage in the amount of at least $100,000. This insurance must
cover damages resulting from an attack by the dangerous dog causing bodily injury to a
person. The owner must also provide proof of the required liability insurance coverage to the
animal control authority for the area in which the dog is kept.
The bill requires dangerous dog owners, before selling or giving away a dangerous dog, to notify
the local animal control authority that the dog is in their authority’s jurisdiction.
The bill increases the maximum penalty for violating this section from $500 to $1,000 per
violation.
Section 6 creates s. 767.125, F.S., to establish the Statewide Dangerous Dog Registry. The bill
authorizes the department to create a searchable online statewide database of dogs which have
been declared dangerous by local authorities. The following information, at a minimum, should
be provided in the registry:
• A current certificate of rabies vaccination for the dog.
• Evidence of a proper enclosure within which the dangerous dog will be confined and of the
posting of the premises with a clearly visible warning sign at all entry points which informs
both children and adults of the presence of a dangerous dog on the property.
• Evidence of permanent identification of the dog, such as a tattoo on the inside thigh or an
implantation of a microchip. BILL: SB 572 Page 5
• Evidence of the dog having been spayed or neutered.
• Evidence that the owner has obtained the required liability insurance.
• The dog’s name and a photograph of the dog.
• The county in which the dog is located.
• The owner’s name and address.
The bill grants the department rulemaking authority to administer the registry.
Section 7 amends s. 767.13, F.S., to provide that the owner of a previously declared dangerous
dog commits a misdemeanor if that dog attacks or bites a person or a domestic animal without
provocation. The bill also requires that the dog must be immediately confiscated by an animal
control authority, impounded for 10 business days and thereafter destroyed in an expeditious and
humane manner. The bill provides the owner may request a hearing during the 10 business days
after such notification.
The bill provides that the owner of a previously declared dangerous dog commits a third degree
felony if that dog attacks and causes severe injury to or death of any human. The bill also
requires that the dog must be immediately confiscated by an animal control authority, impounded
for 10 business days, and thereafter destroyed in an expeditious and humane manner. The bill
provides the owner may request a hearing during the 10 business days after such notification.
Section 8 amends s. 767.135, F.S., to require that if a dog that has not been declared dangerous
attacks and causes the death of a human that it must be confiscated, impounded for 10 days, and
thereafter destroyed in an expeditious and humane manner. The bill provides the owner may
request a hearing during the 10 business days after such notification.
Section 9 amends s. 767.136, F.S., to provide that if a dog that has not been declared dangerous
attacks and causes severe injury to, or the death of, a human, and the owner of the dog had
knowledge of the dog’s dangerous propensities, yet failed to secure the dog in a proper
enclosure, the owner of the dog commits a second degree misdemeanor.
Section 10 provides that the bill shall take effect July 1, 2025.
IV. Constitutional Issues:
A. Municipality/County Mandates Restrictions:
None.
B. Public Records/Open Meetings Issues:
None.
C. Trust Funds Restrictions:
None. BILL: SB 572 Page 6
D. State Tax or Fee Increases:
None.
E. Other Constitutional Issues:
None.
V. Fiscal Impact Statement:
A. Tax/Fee Issues:
None.
B. Private Sector Impact:
Owners of dangerous dogs will be required to obtain liability insurance coverage in an
amount of at least $100,000. The owners will also be required to:
• Provide a certificate of rabies vaccination for the dog.
• Properly enclose the dog and provide clearly visible warning signs at all entry points
to inform the presence of a dangerous dog on the property.
• Permanently identify dangerous dogs through a tattoo on the inside thigh of the dog
or the implantation of a microchip.
• Spay or neuter their dog.
Owners of dangerous and unclassified dogs who cause harm or death to humans or
animals will responsible for payment of all boarding costs and other fees as may be
required to humanely and safely keep the animal during any appeal procedure after the
dog is impounded.
C. Government Sector Impact:
The Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services would incur expenses to create
and maintain the database and could have the need for an additional FTE to take phone
calls, process public records requests, monitor, and input data into the database. Animal
control authorities may be required to destroy an increased amount of dogs and therefore
may incur additional costs. Counties will also incur costs to confiscate and impound
dangerous dogs for the 10 day period specified in this bill.
VI. Technical Deficiencies:
None.
VII. Related Issues:
None. BILL: SB 572 Page 7
VIII. Statutes Affected:
This bill amends the following sections of the Florida Statutes: 767.01, 767.10, 767.11, 767.12,
767.13, 767.135 and 767.136.
This bill creates section 767.125 of the Florida Statutes.
IX. Additional Information:
A. Committee Substitute – Statement of Changes:
(Summarizing differences between the Committee Substitute and the prior version of the bill.)
None.
B. Amendments:
None.
This Senate Bill Analysis does not reflect the intent or official position of the bill’s introducer or the Florida Senate.