HLS 12RS-1073 ORIGINAL
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Regular Session, 2012
HOUSE BILL NO. 642
BY REPRESENTATIVE MONTOUCET
MINERALS: Provides for the remediation of certain oil field sites
AN ACT1
To amend and reenact R.S. 30:29(A), (C)(1), (2), (5), and (6), (D)(1), (E)(1), (H), (I), (J),2
and (K) and to enact R.S. 30:29(L) and (M), relative to the evaluation and3
remediation of oilfield sites and exploration and production sites; to provide relative4
to the remediation of oil and gas and other sites; to provide terms, conditions,5
procedures, requirements, definitions, and standards; to provide relative to duties and6
responsibilities of certain agencies; to provide relative to certain actions or claims7
involving environmental damage; to provide relative to parties, proceedings, orders,8
judgments, and awards by the court; to provide relative to remediation and cleanup9
arising from such actions or claims; to provide for findings; to provide for the10
development, submittal, and approval of plans; to provide for the admission of11
evidence; and to provide for related matters.12
Be it enacted by the Legislature of Louisiana:13
Section 1. R.S. 30:29(A), (C)(1), (2), (5), and (6), (D)(1), (E)(1), (H), (I), (J), and14
(K) are hereby amended and reenacted and R.S. 30:29(L) and (M) are hereby enacted to read15
as follows:16
§29. Remediation of oilfield sites and exploration and production sites17
A. The legislature hereby finds and declares that Article IX, Section 1 of the18
Constitution of Louisiana mandates that the natural resources and the environment19
of the state, including ground water, are to be protected, conserved, and replenished20 HLS 12RS-1073 ORIGINAL
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insofar as possible and consistent with the health, safety, and welfare of the people1
and further mandates that the legislature enact laws to implement this policy. It is2
the duty of the legislature to set forth procedures to ensure that damage to the3
environment is remediated to a standard that protects the public interest. To this end,4
this Section provides the procedure for judicial resolution of claims for5
environmental damage to property arising from activities subject to the jurisdiction6
of the Department of Natural Resources, office of conservation. The provisions of7
this Section shall be implemented upon receipt of timely notice as required by8
Paragraph (B)(1) of this Section. The provisions of this Section shall not be9
construed to impede or limit provisions under or obligations of private contracts10
imposing remediation obligations in excess of the requirements of the department or11
to impede or limit the right of a party to a private contract to enforce any contract12
contractual provision or obligation in a court of proper jurisdiction.13
* * *14
C.(1) If at any time during the proceeding a party admits liability for15
environmental damage or the finder of fact determines that environmental damage16
exists and determines the party or parties who caused the damage or who are17
otherwise legally responsible therefor, the court shall order the party or parties who18
admit responsibility or whom the court finds legally responsible for the damage to19
develop a plan or submittal prior to a trial on the merits, the liability of all defendants20
for environmental damage is established by admission, pretrial motion, or otherwise,21
the court shall order all defendants to develop plans or submittals for the evaluation22
or remediation to applicable standards of the contamination that resulted in the23
environmental damage. The court shall order that the plan plans or submittals be24
developed and submitted to the department and the court within a time that the court25
determines is reasonable and shall allow the plaintiff or any other party at least thirty26
days from the date each plan or submittal was made to the department and the court27
to review the plan or submittal and provide to the department and the court a plan,28
comment, or input in response thereto. The department shall consider any plan,29 HLS 12RS-1073 ORIGINAL
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comment, or response provided timely by any party. The department shall submit1
to the court a schedule of estimated costs for review of the plans or submittals of the2
parties by the department and the court shall require the party admitting3
responsibility or the party found legally responsible by the court defendants to4
deposit in the registry of the court sufficient funds to pay the cost of the department's5
review of the plans or submittals. Any plan or submittal shall include an estimation6
of cost to implement the plan.7
(2) Within sixty days from the last day on which any party may provide the8
department with a plan, comment, or response to a plan as provided in Paragraph9
(C)(1) of this Section, the department shall conduct a public hearing on the plan or10
plans submitted. Within sixty days of the conclusion of the hearing, the department11
shall approve or structure a plan based on the evidence submitted which the12
department determines to be the most feasible plan to evaluate or remediate the13
environmental damage and protect the health, safety, and welfare of the people14
submit a plan to the court or adopt or comment on any plan or plans submitted by15
any party or parties. The department shall issue written reasons for the any plan it16
approves or structures. On motion of the department, for good cause shown, the17
court may grant the department additional time, not to exceed sixty days, within18
which to either conduct the hearing or approve a plan with reasons submit a plan to19
the court or adopt or comment on any plan or plans submitted by any party or parties.20
* * *21
(5) The court shall adopt the plan approved by the department, unless a party22
proves by a preponderance of the evidence that another plan is a more After23
considering the plans, comments, or submittals of the parties and the department, the24
court shall adopt or structure the most feasible plan to adequately protect the25
environment and the public health, safety, and welfare. The court shall enter a26
judgment adopting a plan with written reasons assigned. Upon adoption of a plan,27
the court shall order the party or parties admitting responsibility or the party or28
parties found legally responsible by the court to fund the implementation of the plan29 HLS 12RS-1073 ORIGINAL
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defendants to fund the implementation of the most feasible plan, provided that such1
order by the court to fund the most feasible plan shall not be enforceable or2
considered an adjudication subject to appellate review until a final judgment is3
rendered and signed in the litigation. Prior to any appeal, any defendant or4
defendants, at their option, may implement any plan adopted by the court or5
approved or structured by the department. In any trial on the merits before a jury,6
the feasible plan approved by the court and evidence of its implementation by any7
party or contractor of any party shall not be allowed in evidence.8
(6)(a) Any judgment adopting a plan of evaluation or remediation pursuant9
to this Section and ordering the party or parties admitting responsibility or the party10
or parties found legally responsible by the court to deposit funds for the11
implementation thereof into the registry of the court pursuant to this Section shall be12
considered a final judgment pursuant to the Code of Civil Procedure Article 2081 et13
seq., for purposes of appeal. If the liability of all defendants is established by14
admission, pretrial motion, or otherwise, and a plan is approved by the department15
in accordance with the provisions of Subsection C of this Section, the plans or16
submittals of the department or any party shall be allowed in evidence at any trial on17
the merits. Any party may subpoena for purposes of deposition or trial any18
employee, official, representative, or contractor of the department directly involved19
in the review of any plans or comments of the parties, or in the formulation or20
structuring of any plans or comments of the department. The parties shall be21
permitted to conduct discovery concerning the department's review of the submittals22
or plans of the parties.23
(b) Any appeal under this Section shall be a de novo review and shall be24
heard with preference and on an expedited basis. If the liability of all defendants is25
not established by admission, pretrial motion, or otherwise prior to a trial on the26
merits, the court shall, after a trial on the merits, order the parties held liable for27
environmental damage at the trial on the merits to submit plans or comments to the28
department within a reasonable time. After submission of the plans or submittals29 HLS 12RS-1073 ORIGINAL
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of the parties to the department, the department shall, within thirty days, submit a1
plan to the court or adopt or comment on any plan or plans submitted by any party2
or parties. Within thirty days of the submission of the department's plan or3
comments to the court, the court shall adopt or structure the most feasible plan to4
adequately protect the environment and the public health, safety, and welfare. The5
feasible plan adopted by the court shall be incorporated into the final judgment of the6
court. The final judgment of the court shall also order the defendants cast in7
judgment to fund the most feasible plan adopted by the court. In any trial on the8
merits before a jury held before the liability of all defendants for environmental9
damage is established by admission, pretrial motion, or otherwise, the jury shall not10
be informed or instructed as to any action, comment, or opinion of the court or the11
department concerning any plan or comment submitted to the court or the12
department.13
(c) The appellate court may affirm the trial court's adoption of a plan or may14
adopt a feasible plan in conformity with this Section and shall issue written reasons15
for its decision.16
D.(1) Whether or not the department or the attorney general intervenes, and17
except as provided in Subsection Subsections H and K of this Section, all damages18
or payments in any civil action, including interest thereon, awarded for the19
evaluation or remediation of environmental damage shall be paid exclusively into the20
registry of the court in an interest-bearing account with the interest accruing to the21
account for clean up, provided that any party obligated to make a deposit under the22
provisions of this Paragraph shall be given a credit for any expenses actually23
incurred implementing a feasible plan approved by the court under the provisions of24
R.S. 30:29(C)(5).25
* * *26
E.(1) In any civil action in which a party is responsible for damages or27
payments for the evaluation or remediation of environmental damage, a party28
providing evidence, in whole or in part, upon which the judgment is based shall be29 HLS 12RS-1073 ORIGINAL
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entitled to recover from the party or parties admitting responsibility or the party or1
parties found legally responsible by the court, in addition to any other amounts to2
which the party may be entitled, all costs attributable to producing that portion of the3
evidence that directly relates to the establishment of environmental damage and4
liability therefor, including but not limited to expert witness fees, environmental5
evaluation, investigation, and testing, the cost of developing a plan of remediation,6
and reasonable attorney fees incurred in the trial court and the department.7
* * *8
H. This Section shall not preclude an owner of land from pursuing a judicial9
remedy or receiving a judicial award for private claims suffered as a result of10
environmental damage, except as otherwise provided in this Section. Nor shall it11
preclude a judgment ordering damages for or implementation of additional12
remediation in excess of the requirements of the plan adopted by the court pursuant13
to this Section as may be required in accordance with the terms of an express14
contractual provision, an implied contractual obligation, or any contractual15
obligation imposed by operation of law by the provisions of the Civil Code or16
Mineral Code. Any award granted in connection with the judgment for additional17
remediation is not required to be paid into the registry of the court. This Section18
shall not be interpreted to create any cause of action or to impose additional implied19
obligations under the mineral code Mineral Code or arising out of a mineral lease.20
I. Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, the current owner21
of any property shall have a right of action to assert claims for environmental22
damage to the property that was caused or sustained prior to the current owner's23
acquisition of the property; however, nothing in this Subsection shall deprive any24
defendant of the right to assert a defense of prescription. For any express or implied25
obligation that exists pursuant to a mineral lease, and that relates to environmental26
damage to property, the surface owner of the property burdened by that mineral lease27
has a right of action to enforce the obligation, regardless of whether that owner is a28
party to that mineral lease. The existence of ongoing mineral operations on any29 HLS 12RS-1073 ORIGINAL
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property subject to the provisions of this Section shall not cause any action covered1
by this Section to be dismissed or stayed on grounds of prematurity. Any civil action2
filed by a co-owner of undivided property covered by the provisions of this Section3
shall be deemed a necessary step for the preservation of the property under the4
provisions of Article 800 of the Civil Code. Prescription shall not begin to run for5
claims relating to environmental damage until the landowner obtains scientific6
evidence of impact to environmental media.7
I.J. For the purposes of this Section, the following terms shall have the8
following meanings:9
(1) "Environmental damage" shall mean any actual or potential impact,10
damage, or injury to environmental media caused by contamination resulting from11
activities associated with oilfield sites or exploration and production sites.12
Environmental media shall include but not be limited to soil, surface water, ground13
water, or sediment.14
(2) "Evaluation or remediation" shall include but not be limited to15
investigation, testing, monitoring, containment, prevention, or abatement.16
(3) "Feasible Plan" means the most reasonable plan which addresses17
environmental damage in conformity with the requirements of Louisiana18
Constitution Article IX, Section 1 of the Constitution of Louisiana to protect the19
environment, public health, safety, and welfare, and is in compliance with the20
specific relevant and applicable standards and regulations promulgated by a state21
agency in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act in effect at the time of22
clean up to remediate contamination resulting from oilfield or exploration and23
production operations or waste. The contractual or delictual obligations of the24
parties shall not be considered in determining a "feasible plan".25
(4) "Oilfield site" or "exploration and production (E&P) site" means any26
location or any portion thereof on which oil or gas exploration, development, or27
production activities have occurred, including wells, equipment, tanks, flow lines,28
or impoundments used for the purposes of the drilling, workover, production,29 HLS 12RS-1073 ORIGINAL
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primary separation, disposal, transportation or storage of E&P wastes, crude oil and1
natural gas processing, transportation or storage of a common production stream of2
crude oil, natural gas, coal seam natural gas, or geothermal energy prior to a custody3
transfer or a sales point. In general, this definition would apply to all exploration and4
production operations located on the same lease, unit, or field.5
(5) "Timely notice" means written notice sent by certified mail, return6
receipt requested. Such notice shall include a copy of the petition and any other7
filing in such litigation.8
K. The provisions of this Section shall not be construed to impede or limit9
provisions under private contracts imposing express remediation obligations, implied10
remediation obligations, or remediation obligations imposed by the Civil Code or11
Mineral Code that may exceed the requirements of the department or the feasible12
plan required by this Section.13
J.L.(1) In the event that any settlement is reached in a case subject to the14
provisions of this Section, the settlement shall be subject to approval by the court.15
The department and the attorney general shall be given notice once the parties have16
reached a settlement in principle. The department shall then have no less than thirty17
days to review that settlement and comment to the court before the court certifies18
approves the settlement. If after a contradictory hearing the court requires19
remediation, the The court shall not certify or approve any settlement until an20
amount of money sufficient to fund such remediation is deposited into the registry21
of the court unless the settling parties show that other non-settling parties in the22
litigation are potentially responsible for the environmental damage or one or more23
settling party has assumed responsibility for evaluation and remediation of the24
environmental damage. No funding of a settlement shall occur until the25
requirements of this Section have been satisfied. However, the court shall have the26
discretion to waive the requirements of this Section if the settlement reached is for27
a minimal amount and is not dispositive of the entire litigation.28 HLS 12RS-1073 ORIGINAL
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(2) In the event a settlement is agreed to between the parties in a case in1
which the department or the attorney general has intervened, such agency shall be2
entitled to recover from the settling defendants all costs, including investigation,3
evaluation, and review costs; expert witness fees; and reasonable attorney fees.4
K.M. The provisions of this Section shall not apply to a judicial demand that5
prior to the effective date of this Section has been resolved through compromise6
agreement and settlement of claims, or by judgment on the merits that has become7
final and definitive.8
DIGEST
The digest printed below was prepared by House Legislative Services. It constitutes no part
of the legislative instrument. The keyword, one-liner, abstract, and digest do not constitute
part of the law or proof or indicia of legislative intent. [R.S. 1:13(B) and 24:177(E)]
Montoucet HB No. 642
Abstract: Provides for procedures in actions claiming environmental damage from certain
oil and gas activity.
Present law provides legislative findings that the natural resources and the environment of
the state, including ground water, are to be protected, conserved, and replenished insofar as
possible and consistent with the health, safety, and welfare of the people and further
mandates that the legislature enact laws to implement this policy. Further provides that it
is the duty of the legislature to set forth procedures to ensure that damage to the environment
is remediated to a standard that protects the public interest.
Present law provides that present law provisions shall not be construed to impede or limit
provisions under private contracts imposing remediation obligations in excess of the
requirements of the department or limit the right of a party to a private contract to enforce
any contract provision in a court of proper jurisdiction.
Proposed law provides that present law provisions shall not be construed to impede or limit
provisions or obligations of private contracts imposing remediation obligations in excess of
the requirements of the department or to impede or limit the right of a party to a private
contract to enforce any contractual provision or obligation in a court of proper jurisdiction.
Present law provides that its provisions shall be the procedure for judicial resolution of
claims for environmental damage to property arising from activities subject to the
jurisdiction of the Dept. of Natural Resources, office of conservation.
Present law defines "environmental damage" as any actual or potential impact, damage, or
injury to environmental media caused by contamination resulting from activities associated
with oilfield sites or exploration and production sites. Provides that environmental media
shall include but not be limited to soil, surface water, ground water, or sediment.
Present law provides that if at any time during the proceeding a party admits liability for
environmental damage or the finder of fact determines that environmental damage exists and
determines the party or parties who caused the damage or who are otherwise legally
responsible therefor, the court shall order the party or parties who admit responsibility or HLS 12RS-1073 ORIGINAL
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whom the court finds legally responsible for the damage to develop a plan or submittal for
the evaluation or remediation to applicable standards of the contamination that resulted in
the environmental damage.
Proposed law narrows the time frame from any time during the proceeding to prior to a trial
on the merits establishing the liability of all defendants.
Present law provides that the court shall order that the plan be developed and submitted to
the department and the court within a time that the court determines is reasonable and shall
allow the plaintiff or any other party at least 30 days from the date each plan or submittal
was made to review the plan or submittal and provide to the department and the court a plan,
comment, or input in response. Provides that the department shall consider any plan,
comment, or response timely provided.
Present law provides that the department shall submit to the court a schedule of estimated
costs for such review, and the court shall require the party admitting responsibility or the
party found legally responsible by the court to deposit in the registry of the court sufficient
funds to pay the cost of the department's review. Any plan or submittal shall include an
estimation of cost to implement the plan. Proposed law provides that instead of the party
admitting responsibility or found responsible depositing the cost of the plan in the court's
registry, the defendants shall deposit the costs.
Present law provides that within 60 days from the last day on which any party may provide
the department with a plan, comment, or input in response to a plan, the department shall
conduct a public hearing on the plan or plans submitted. Within 60 days of the conclusion
of the hearing, the department shall approve or structure a plan based on the evidence
submitted which the department determines to be the most "feasible plan" to evaluate or
remediate the environmental damage and protect the health, safety, and welfare of the
people. The department shall issue written reasons for the plan it approves or structures.
On motion of the department, for good cause shown, the court may grant the department
additional time, not to exceed 60 days.
Proposed law removes the requirement of a public hearing before the department submits
a plan to the court or adopts or comments on any plan.
Present law defines "feasible plan" as the most reasonable plan which addresses
environmental damage in conformity with the requirements of Art. IX, §1 of the Const. of
La. to protect the environment, public health, safety and welfare, and is in compliance with
the specific relevant and applicable standards and regulations promulgated by a state agency
in accordance with the APA in effect at the time of clean up to remediate contamination
resulting from oilfield or exploration and production operations or waste. Proposed law adds
to the definition that the contractual or delictual obligations of the parties shall not be
considered in determining a feasible plan.
Present law requires the court to adopt the plan approved by the department, unless a party
proves by a preponderance of the evidence that another plan is a more "feasible plan" to
adequately protect the environment and the public health, safety, and welfare.
Proposed law retains present law except provides the court shall adopt or structure the most
feasible plan after considering the plans, comments, or submittals of the parties and the
department.
Present law provides that the court shall enter a judgment adopting a plan with written
reasons assigned.
Present law provides that a judgment adopting a plan of evaluation or remediation and
ordering the responsible party to deposit funds for implementation into the registry of the
court is to be considered a final judgment for purposes of appeal. Requires an appeal of a HLS 12RS-1073 ORIGINAL
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plan to the appellate court to be a "de novo" review and requires it to be heard with
preference and on an expedited basis. Authorizes the appellate court to affirm or adopt a
"feasible plan" in conformity with present law. Proposed law repeals present law.
Present law provides that upon adoption of a plan, the court shall order the party or parties
admitting responsibility or the party or parties found legally responsible by the court to fund
the implementation of the plan. Proposed law changes from the party admitting or found
responsible to the defendants.
Proposed law provides that the order to fund the most feasible plan shall not be enforceable
or considered an adjudication subject to appellate review until a final judgment is rendered
and signed in the litigation.
Proposed law provides that prior to any appeal, any defendant or defendants may implement
any plan adopted by the court or approved or structured by the department. In any trial on
the merits before a jury, the feasible plan approved by the court and evidence of its
implementation by any party or contractor of any party shall not be allowed in evidence.
Proposed law provides that if the liability of all defendants is established by admission,
pretrial motion or otherwise, and a plan is approved by the department, the plans or
submittals of the department or any party shall be allowed in evidence at any trial on the
merits. Any party may subpoena for purposes of deposition or trial any employee, official,
representative, or contractor of the department directly involved in the review of any plans
or comments of the parties, or in the formulation or structuring of any plans or comments
of the department. The parties shall be permitted to conduct discovery concerning the
department's review of the submittals or plans of the parties.
Proposed law provides that if the liability of all defendants is not established by admission,
pretrial motion or otherwise prior to a trial on the merits, the court shall, after a trial on the
merits, order the parties held liable for environmental damage at the trial on the merits to
submit plans or comments to the department within a reasonable time.
Proposed law provides that after submission of the plans to the department, the department
shall within 30 days submit a plan to the court or adopt or comment on any plan or plans
submitted by any party or parties. Within 30 days of the submission of the department's plan
or comments to the court, the court shall adopt or structure the most feasible plan to
adequately protect the environment and the public health, safety, and welfare and shall be
incorporated into the final judgment of the court.
Proposed law provides that the final judgment of the court shall also order the defendants
cast in judgment to fund the most feasible plan adopted by the court.
Proposed law provides that in any trial on the merits before a jury held before the liability
of all defendants for environmental damage is established by admission, pretrial motion or
otherwise, the jury shall not be informed or instructed as to any action, comment, or opinion
of the court or the department concerning any plan or comment submitted to the court or the
department.
Present law provides that damages or payments in any civil action, including interest,
awarded for the evaluation or remediation of environmental damage are to be paid
exclusively into the registry of the court in an interest-bearing account with the earnings
accruing to the account for "cleanup". Proposed law retain present law except requires credit
be given for any expenses incurred implementing the approved feasible plan.
Present law provides that in any civil action in which a party is responsible for damages or
payments for the evaluation or remediation of environmental damage, a party providing
evidence, in whole or in part, upon which the judgment is based shall be entitled to recover
from the party admitting responsibility or the party found legally responsible, in addition to HLS 12RS-1073 ORIGINAL
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any other amounts to which the party may be entitled, all costs attributable to producing that
portion of the evidence that directly relates to the establishment of environmental damage,
including expert witness fees, environmental evaluation, investigation, and testing, the cost
of developing a plan of remediation, and reasonable attorney fees incurred in the trial court
and the department. Proposed law includes costs attributable to the evidence relating to
liability and excludes attorney fees incurred at trail and the department.
Present law does not preclude an owner of land from pursuing a judicial remedy or receiving
a judicial award for private claims suffered as a result of environmental damage, nor
preclude a judgment ordering damages for or implementation of additional remediation in
excess of the requirements of the plan as may be required in accordance with the terms of
an express contractual provision. Any award granted in connection with the judgment for
additional remediation is not required to be paid into the registry of the court. Proposed law
includes implied contractual obligations and any contractual obligation imposed by operation
of law as sources of private claims.
Proposed law provides that the current owner of any property shall have a right of action to
assert claims for environmental damage to the property that was caused or sustained prior
to the current owner's acquisition of the property.
Proposed law provides that proposed law shall not deprive any defendant of the right to
assert a defense of prescription.
Proposed law provides that for any express or implied obligation that exists pursuant to a
mineral lease, and that relates to environmental damage to property, the surface owner of the
property burdened by that mineral lease has a right of action to enforce the obligation,
regardless of whether that owner is a party to that mineral lease.
Proposed law provides that the existence of ongoing mineral operations shall not cause any
action to be dismissed or stayed on grounds of prematurity.
Proposed law requires that in any civil action filed by a co-owner of undivided property shall
be deemed a necessary step for the preservation of the property under the provisions of
Article 800 of the Civil Code.
Proposed law provides that prescription shall not begin to run for claims relating to
environmental damage until the landowner obtains scientific evidence of impact to
environmental media.
Proposed law provides that proposed law shall not impede or limit provisions under private
contracts imposing express remediation obligations, implied remediation obligations, or
remediation obligations imposed by the Civil Code or Mineral Code that may exceed the
requirements of the department or the feasible plan.
Present law provides that settlements must be approved by the court. The department and
the attorney general shall be given notice once the parties have reached a settlement in
principal, then the department shall have at least 30 days to review the settlement and
comment to the court before the court certifies the settlement. Proposed law changes the
court's action from certify to approve the settlement.
Present law provides that if after a contradictory hearing the court requires remediation, it
shall not certify or approve any settlement until an amount of money sufficient to fund such
remediation is deposited into the registry of the court.
Proposed law prohibits the court from approving a settlement unless the settling parties show
that other non-settling parties in the litigation are potentially responsible for the
environmental damage or one or more settling party has assumed responsibility for
evaluation and remediation of the environmental damage. HLS 12RS-1073 ORIGINAL
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are additions.
Present law provides that the court shall have the discretion to waive the approval
requirements if the settlement reached is for a minimal amount and is not dispositive of the
entire litigation. If the settlement is in a case in which the department or the attorney general
intervened, such agency shall be entitled to recover from the settling defendants all costs,
including investigation, evaluation, and review costs; expert witness fees; and reasonable
attorney fees.
Present law provides that present law does not apply to a judicial demand that prior to the
effective date of present law has been resolved through compromise agreement and
settlement of claims, or by judgment on the merits that has become final and definitive.
(Amends R.S. 30:29(A), (C)(1), (2), (5), and (6), (D)(1), (E)(1), (H), (I), (J), and (K); Adds
R.S. 30:29(L) and (M))