Requires single-family residential zoning in municipalities with populations of over 40,000 to allow middle housing and mandates that those municipalities adopt zoning regulations for middle housing.
The bill is expected to significantly reshape housing density regulations within qualifying urban areas. It asserts that local governing bodies must develop and implement zoning regulations that facilitate the construction of middle housing types and prevent unreasonable costs or delays in such development. This initiative seeks to address housing shortages and promote more diverse, affordable housing options in urban settings, potentially leading to a significant increase in urban living density.
Bill S2632, known as the Multifamily Housing Act, aims to reform residential zoning laws in municipalities with populations exceeding 40,000. The bill mandates that these municipalities permit the development of various types of middle housing, such as duplexes, triplexes, quadplexes, cottage clusters, and townhouses in areas previously reserved for single-family homes. By allowing higher-density housing options, the bill seeks to encourage the creation of mixed-use, walkable communities which can reduce reliance on automobiles and foster urban development.
Though the bill has garnered support for its progressive goals of increasing affordable housing and improving urban infrastructure, it has also faced criticism. Detractors argue that the legislation may undermine local control over zoning decisions and may not adequately consider the unique needs of various communities. Additionally, there are concerns regarding the potential for increased strain on local resources and infrastructure as a result of higher-density housing developments.
An important aspect of S2632 is the provision allowing local governments to regulate site and design aspects of middle housing, ensuring these regulations align with state planning goals. However, municipalities that wish to exempt specific areas from these requirements will face a one percent exclusionary zoning transactional fee, intended to fund affordable housing initiatives. Ultimately, the bill's implementation will bring significant challenges and opportunities for urban planning and community development.