California 2025-2026 Regular Session

California Senate Bill SB53

Introduced
1/7/25  
Refer
1/29/25  
Refer
2/27/25  
Refer
3/12/25  
Report Pass
3/26/25  
Refer
3/27/25  
Report Pass
3/26/25  
Report Pass
4/9/25  
Refer
3/27/25  
Refer
4/9/25  
Report Pass
5/23/25  
Report Pass
4/9/25  
Refer
4/9/25  
Engrossed
5/28/25  
Report Pass
5/23/25  
Report Pass
5/23/25  
Refer
6/5/25  
Engrossed
5/28/25  
Refer
6/12/25  
Refer
6/5/25  
Refer
6/12/25  
Report Pass
7/2/25  
Refer
7/2/25  
Refer
7/8/25  
Report Pass
7/16/25  
Refer
7/17/25  

Caption

Artificial intelligence models: large developers.

Impact

The legislation is expected to significantly alter the legal landscape surrounding AI in California. It imposes stringent protocols on AI developers, requiring them to maintain transparency regarding their AI models and the risks they may pose. The bill also includes provisions that preempt local regulations, centralizing oversight under state law. This change reflects a growing recognition of AI's potential implications for public safety and regulatory procedures regarding new technologies. Advocates argue that the TFAIA will protect consumers while promoting innovation in the AI sector.

Summary

Senate Bill 53, known as the Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act (TFAIA), was introduced by Senator Wiener and aims to regulate the practices of large developers of artificial intelligence (AI). The bill focuses on ensuring the safety and transparency of foundation models, which are advanced AI models trained on broad datasets. SB53 mandates developers to create and publish comprehensive safety protocols that outline how they handle catastrophic risks associated with their AI models. Moreover, the legislation establishes a requirement for developers to report any critical safety incidents to the Office of Emergency Services, enhancing accountability in AI development.

Sentiment

Overall, the sentiment around SB53 is mixed. Supporters emphasize the necessity of establishing a robust framework for AI governance to prevent risks such as system malfunctions and malicious uses of technology, ultimately protecting public safety. Detractors, on the other hand, express concerns about the potential overreach of state power at the expense of local governance and the burdens it may place on smaller developers in the AI field. This has prompted discussions about the balance between fostering innovation and ensuring safety.

Contention

Key points of contention include the bill's provisions for whistleblower protections, which aim to safeguard employees reporting safety violations but may raise questions about confidentiality and the handling of sensitive information. Critics fear that the preemption of local rules could limit the capacity of municipalities to address specific community needs related to AI regulation. Additionally, there is an ongoing dialogue about the effectiveness and enforcement of the civil penalties imposed for noncompliance, sparking debate on how best to assure accountability among large technology firms.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

CA SB1047

Safe and Secure Innovation for Frontier Artificial Intelligence Models Act.

CA AB2885

Artificial intelligence.

CA SB896

Generative Artificial Intelligence Accountability Act.

CA AJR6

Artificial intelligence.

CA SB1288

Public schools: artificial intelligence working group.

CA AB3050

Artificial intelligence.

CA SB970

Artificial intelligence technology.

CA AB2652

State Department of Education: artificial intelligence working group.

CA SB1235

Public postsecondary education: Artificial Intelligence and Deepfake Working Group.

CA AB2877

California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018: artificial intelligence: training.

Similar Bills

CA SB1047

Safe and Secure Innovation for Frontier Artificial Intelligence Models Act.

CA SB294

Health care coverage: independent medical review.

NY S06953

Relates to the training and use of artificial intelligence frontier models; defines terms; establishes remedies for violations.

NY A06453

Relates to the training and use of artificial intelligence frontier models; defines terms; establishes remedies for violations.

US SB5616

A bill to establish the Artificial Intelligence Safety Review Office in the Department of Commerce, and for other purposes.

US SB4664

Department of Energy AI Act

CA AB1111

Pupil transportation: schoolbuses: zero-emission vehicles: scrapping.

CA SB833

Critical infrastructure: artificial intelligence systems: human oversight.