EXPLANATION: CAPITALS INDICATE MAT TER ADDED TO EXISTIN G LAW. [Brackets] indicate matter deleted from existing law. *hb0187* HOUSE BILL 187 E1 5lr1268 HB 892/24 – JUD (PRE–FILED) CF SB 170 By: Delegates Kaufman, Conaway, Fair, Feldmark, Jackson, T. Morgan, Pasteur, Pena–Melnyk, Stein, Tomlinson, and Williams Requested: October 18, 2024 Introduced and read first time: January 8, 2025 Assigned to: Judiciary A BILL ENTITLED AN ACT concerning 1 Criminal Law – Benefits Exploitation 2 FOR the purpose of prohibiting a person from knowingly recruiting, harboring, 3 transporting, or obtaining an individual for the purpose of appropriating the 4 government benefits of an individual for the benefit of the person or another by 5 certain means; prohibiting a person from knowingly benefitting in a certain manner 6 from participation in a venture that violates a certain provision of this Act; 7 prohibiting a person from aiding, abetting, or conspiring with one or more persons to 8 violate a certain provision of this Act; and generally relating to benefits exploitation. 9 BY adding to 10 Article – Criminal Law 11 Section 8–524 12 Annotated Code of Maryland 13 (2021 Replacement Volume and 2024 Supplement) 14 SECTION 1. BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF MARYLAND, 15 That the Laws of Maryland read as follows: 16 Article – Criminal Law 17 8–524. 18 (A) (1) IN THIS SECTION THE FOLLOWING WORDS HAVE THE MEANINGS 19 INDICATED. 20 (2) “COERCION” MEANS: 21 2 HOUSE BILL 187 (I) 1. CAUSING OR THREATENI NG TO CAUSE BODILY H ARM 1 TO AN INDIVIDUAL ; OR 2 2. PHYSICALLY RESTRAINI NG OR CONFINING OR 3 THREATENING TO PHYSI CALLY RESTRAIN OR CO NFINE AN INDIVIDUAL ; 4 (II) EXPOSING OR DISSEMIN ATING OR THREATENING TO 5 EXPOSE OR DISSEMINAT E ANY FACT OR INFORM ATION THAT WOULD TEN D TO 6 SUBJECT AN INDIVIDUA L TO CRIMINAL OR IMM IGRATION PROCEEDINGS , HATRED, 7 CONTEMP T, OR RIDICULE; 8 (III) DESTROYING, CONCEALING , REMOVING, CONFISCATING , OR 9 POSSESSING ANY ACTUA L OR PURPORTED PASSP ORT OR OTHER IMMIGRA TION 10 DOCUMENT , OR ANY OTHER ACTUAL OR PURPORTED GOVERNM ENT IDENTIFICATION 11 DOCUMENT , OF AN INDIVIDUAL ; 12 (IV) PROVIDING A CONTROLLED DANGE ROUS SUBSTANCE TO AN 13 INDIVIDUAL FOR THE P URPOSE OF COMPELLING THE INDIVIDUAL TO EN GAGE IN AN 14 ACTION AGAINST THE I NDIVIDUAL’S WILL; 15 (V) CAUSING OR THREATENI NG TO CAUSE FINANCIA L HARM TO 16 AN INDIVIDUAL OR EXE RTING FINANCIAL CONT ROL OVER A DISABLED OR E LDERLY 17 ADULT; OR 18 (VI) DEPRIVING AN INDIVID UAL OF MEDICAL CARE . 19 (3) “CONTROLLED DANGEROUS SUBSTANCE” HAS THE MEANING 20 STATED IN § 5–101 OF THIS ARTICLE. 21 (4) “DECEPTION” MEANS: 22 (I) CREATING OR CONFIRMI NG ANOTHER PERSON ’S 23 IMPRESSION OF AN EXISTIN G FACT OR PAST EVENT THAT IS FALSE AND TH AT THE 24 ACCUSED KNOWS OR BEL IEVES TO BE FALSE; OR 25 (II) PROMISING BENEFITS O R THE PERFORMANCE OF SERVICES 26 THAT THE ACCUSED DOE S NOT INTEND TO DELI VER OR PERFORM OR KN OWS WILL 27 NOT BE DELIVERED O R PERFORMED . 28 (5) “EXPLOITATION” MEANS ILLEGALLY OR I MPROPERLY USING AN 29 INDIVIDUAL OR AN IND IVIDUAL’S GOVERNMENT BENEFIT S THROUGH UNDUE 30 INFLUENCE, HARASSMENT , DURESS, FALSE REPRESENTATION , FALSE PRETENSE , 31 OR OTHER SIMILAR MEA NS FOR PERSONAL PROF IT OR ADVANTAGE OR FOR THE 32 PROFIT OR ADVANTAGE OF ANOTHER. 33 HOUSE BILL 187 3 (6) “GOVERNMENT BENEFITS ” INCLUDES: 1 (I) MEDICARE BENEFITS ; 2 (II) MEDICAID BENEFITS ; 3 (III) TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE FOR NEEDY FAMILIES (TANF) 4 BENEFITS; 5 (IV) SPECIAL SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION PROGRAM FOR 6 WOMEN, INFANTS, AND CHILDREN (WIC) BENEFITS; 7 (V) SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM 8 (SNAP) BENEFITS; 9 (VI) SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS ; 10 (VII) SOCIAL SECURITY DISABILITY (SSDI) BENEFITS; 11 (VIII) VETERANS BENEFITS ; 12 (IX) PENSION BENEFITS ; 13 (X) TEMPORARY DISABILITY ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (TDAP) 14 BENEFITS; AND 15 (XI) PUBLIC ASSISTANCE TO ADULTS (PAA) BENEFITS. 16 (7) “ISOLATION” MEANS PREVENTING AN INDIVIDUAL FROM HAVI NG 17 CONTACT WITH FRIENDS OR FAMILY, A WELFARE AGENCY , LAW ENFORCEMENT 18 OFFICERS, HEALTH CARE PROVIDER S, OR OTHER INDIVIDUALS OR ENTITIES 19 WITHOUT THE KNOWLEDG E OF THE INDIVIDUAL OR AGAINST THE INDIV IDUAL’S 20 WISHES. 21 (B) (1) A PERSON MAY NOT , THROUGH DECEPTION , COERCION, 22 EXPLOITATION , ISOLATION, OR ANY OTHER MEANS , KNOWINGLY RECRUIT , HARBOR, 23 TRANSPORT, OR OBTAIN AN INDIVID UAL FOR THE PURPOSE OF APPROPRIATING THE 24 GOVERNMENT BENEFITS OF AN INDIVIDUAL FOR PERSONAL BENEFIT OR TO 25 BENEFIT ANOTHER . 26 (2) A PERSON MAY NOT KNOWI NGLY BENEFIT FINANCI ALLY OR BY 27 RECEIVING ANYTHING O F VALUE FROM PARTICI PATION IN A VENTURE THAT 28 VIOLATES PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION . 29 4 HOUSE BILL 187 (3) A PERSON MAY NOT AID , ABET, OR CONSPIRE WITH ONE OR MORE 1 PERSONS TO VIOLATE PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION . 2 (C) A PERSON WHO VIOLATES SUBSECTION (B) OF THIS SECTION IS G UILTY 3 OF A FELONY AND ON C ONVICTION IS SUBJECT TO IMPRISONMENT NOT EXCEEDING 4 25 YEARS OR A FINE NOT EXCEEDING $15,000 OR BOTH. 5 (D) (1) EACH VIOLAT ION OF THIS SECTION SHALL BE CONSIDERED A 6 SEPARATE OFFENSE . 7 (2) A CONVICTION UNDER THI S SECTION MAY NOT ME RGE WITH A 8 CONVICTION FOR ANY O THER CRIME BASED ON THE ACT ESTABLISHING THE 9 VIOLATION OF THIS SE CTION. 10 SECTION 2. AND BE IT FURTHER ENACTED, That this Act shall take effect 11 October 1, 2025. 12