Oklahoma 2024 2024 Regular Session

Oklahoma Senate Bill SB566 Amended / Bill

Filed 02/08/2023

                     
 
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SENATE FLOOR VERSION 
February 7, 2023 
 
 
SENATE BILL NO. 566 	By: Newhouse of the Senate 
 
  and 
 
  Banning of the House 
 
 
 
 
 
An Act relating to liens for service on per sonal 
property; amending 42 O .S. 2021, Section 91A, which 
relates to procedures for lien on certain personal 
property; increasing allo wable fee for processing of 
certain notice; clarifying date of applica bility; and 
providing an effective date . 
 
 
 
 
BE IT ENACTED BY THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA: 
SECTION 1.     AMENDATORY     42 O.S. 2021, Section 91A, is 
amended to read as follows: 
Section 91A. A. 1. a. This section applies to all types of 
personal property other than: 
(1) farm equipment as def ined in Section 91.2 of this 
title, and 
(2) “Section 91 Personal Property” as defined in 
Section 91 of this title. 
b. This section applies to any vehicle, all -terrain 
vehicle, utility vehicle, manufactured home, 
motorcycle, boat, outboard motor, or trailer that is   
 
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excluded from coverage under subsection A of Sectio n 
91 of this title because the personal property: 
(1) does not have a certificate of title, 
(2) has a certificate of title but does not have an 
active lien recorded on the certificate of title, 
(3) has a certificate of title that is not issued by 
the Oklahoma Tax Commission or by a federally 
recognized Indian tribe in the State of Oklahoma, 
or 
(4) is otherwise excluded by subparagraph b of 
paragraph 1 of subsection A of Section 91 of this 
title or subsection D of Secti on 91 of this 
title. 
c. If personal property has a certificate of title, or 
would be required to have a certificate of title under 
Oklahoma law, and is apparently covered both by this 
section and by Sections 191 through 200 of this t itle, 
the procedures set out in this section shall apply 
instead of Sections 191 through 200 of this title.  If 
personal property without a certificate of title and 
not required to be titled under Oklahoma law is 
covered both by this section and Sections 1 91 through 
200 of this title, the procedures set out in Sectio ns   
 
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191 through 200 of this title shall apply instead of 
this section. 
2.  a. Any person who, while lawfully in possession of an 
article of personal property to which this section 
applies, renders any service to the o wner thereof by 
furnishing storage, ren tal space, material, labor or 
skill for the protection, improveme nt, safekeeping, 
towing, right to occupy space, storage or carriage 
thereof, has a special lien thereon, dependent on 
possession, for the compensation, if any, which is due 
to such person from the owner for such service.  
Charges owed under a contract prim arily for the 
purpose of storage or rental of space shall be accrued 
only at the regular periodic rate for storage or 
rental as provided in the contract , adjusted for 
partial periods of stora ge or rental. 
b. Except for Class AA licensed wrecker towing char ges, 
the special lien shall be subordinate to any perfected 
security interest unless the claimant complies with 
the requirements of this section.  Failu re to comply 
with any requirements of t his section shall result in 
denial of any title application and c ause the special 
lien to be subordinate to any perfected lien.  Upon 
such denial, the applicant shall be entitled to one   
 
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resubmission of the title appli cation within thirty 
(30) business days of receipt of the denial, and 
proceed to comply with the require ments of this 
section.  “Failure to comply” includes, but is not 
limited to: 
(1) failure to timely provide additional 
documentation supporting or verify ing any entry 
on submitted forms as req uested by the Tax 
Commission, 
(2) failure to provide the document ation supporting 
lawful possession as outlined in paragraph 3 of 
subsection H of this section, 
(3) claimant being other than the in dividual who 
provided the service giving rise to the special 
lien, as in subparagraph a of this paragraph, 
(4) claimant not being in possession of the vehicle, 
or 
(5) notification and proceedings not accomplished in 
accordance with subparagraph c of this p aragraph, 
and paragraph 3 of this subsection. 
c. Any person claiming a lien under this section shall 
request, within five (5) business days of performing 
any service or work on the property, the Tax 
Commission or other appropriate license agency to   
 
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furnish the name and address of the current owner of 
and any lienholder upon the property.  The Motor 
Vehicle Division of the Tax Co mmission or appropriate 
license agency shall respond in person or by mail to 
the lien claimant within ten (10) business days of the 
receipt of the reque st for information.  The Tax 
Commission shall render assistance to ascertain 
ownership, if needed.  The lien claimant shall send, 
within seven (7) business days of receipt of the 
requested information from the Oklahoma Tax Commission 
or other license agenc y, a notice of the location of 
the property by certified mail with return receipt 
requested, postage pre paid, to the owner and any 
lienholder of the vehicle at the addresses furnished.  
The lien claimant may charge Twenty Dollars ($20. 00) 
not more than Fifty Dollars ($50.00) for processing 
plus the cost of postage if the notice is timely sent 
pursuant to the requirements of this subparagraph in 
addition to fees regulated by the Oklahoma Corporation 
Commission for licensed wreckers.  If the lien 
claimant is unable to meet the time requirements du e 
to a lack of or an altered vehicle identification 
number on the property, the lien claimant shall 
proceed diligently to obtain the proper vehicle   
 
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identification number and shall meet the time 
requirements on the notice once the vehicle 
identification number is known.  If the lien claimant 
is required to send additional notices because of 
change of ownership or lienholder after it has timely 
complied with the requirements of this subparagraph, 
the lien claimant shall remain in compliance if such 
additional notices are sent within the required time 
periods from the date of discovery of the new owners 
or lienholders.  The notice shall be in writing and 
shall contain, but not be limited to, the following: 
(1) a statement that the notice is a Notice of 
Possessory Lien, 
(2) the complete legal name, physical and mail ing 
address, and telephone number of the claimant, 
(3) the complete legal name, physical and mailing 
address of the person who requested that the 
claimant render service to the owner by 
furnishing material, labor or skill, storage, or 
rental space, or the date the property was 
abandoned if the claimant did not render any 
other service, 
(4) a description of the article of personal 
property, and the complet e physical and mailing   
 
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address of the location of the article of 
personal property, 
(5) the nature of the work, labor or service 
performed, material furnished, or the storage or 
rental arrangement, and the date thereof, and 
written proof of authority to pe rform the work, 
labor or service provided that, i n the case of a 
law enforcement directed tow, the logbo ok entry 
prescribed in OAC 595:25 -5-5 or the tow ticket as 
defined by the Corporation Commission shall serve 
as written proof of authority, 
(6) the signature of the claimant which shall be 
notarized and, if applicable, the signature of 
the claimant’s attorney.  If the claimant is a 
business, the name of the contact person 
representing the business shall be shown.  In 
place of an original signature and not ary seal, a 
digital or electronic signature or se al shall be 
accepted, and 
(7) an itemized statement des cribing the date or 
dates the labor or services were performed and 
material furnished and the charges claimed for 
each item, the totals of which shall e qual the 
total compensation claimed.   
 
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The lien claimant shall not be required to send the 
notice required in this subparagraph if the property 
is released to an interested party before the notice 
is mailed and no additional charges or fees continue 
to accrue.  If a law enforcement agency has the 
property towed to a law enforcement facility, the 
person claiming a lien under this section shall not be 
required to send notice until the property is released 
by law enforcement to the claimant or the date which 
claimant starts charging storage, whichever is 
earlier.  A lien claimant shall have an extension of 
ten (10) business days to send the notice required in 
this subparagraph if a state of emergency has been 
declared in the county in which the property is 
located. 
d. Subparagraphs b and c of this paragraph sha ll not 
apply to salvage pools as defined in Section 591 .2 of 
Title 47 of the Oklahoma Statutes. 
3.  The lien may be foreclosed by a sale of such personal 
property upon the notice and in the manner following:  The notice 
shall be in writing and shall contai n, but not be limited to: 
a. the names of the owner and any other known party or 
parties who may claim any interest in the property,   
 
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b. a description of the property to be sold, including a 
visual inspection or a photograph if the property is a 
motor vehicle, and the physical location of the 
property, 
c. the nature of the work, labor or service performed, 
material furnished, or the storage or rental 
arrangement, and the date thereof, and written proof 
of authority to perform the work, labor or service 
provided.  In the case of a law enforcement directed 
tow, the logbook entry prescribed in OAC 595:25 -5-5 or 
the tow ticket as defined by the Corporation 
Commission, shall serve as written proof of authority, 
d. the time and place of sale, 
e. the name, telephone number, physical address and 
mailing address of the cl aimant, and agent or 
attorney, if any, foreclosing such lien.  If the 
claimant is a business, then the name of the contact 
person representing the busin ess must be shown.  In 
place of an original signa ture and notary seal, a 
digital or electronic signature or seal shall be 
accepted, and 
f. itemized charges which shall equal the total 
compensation claimed.   
 
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4.  a. Such Notice of Sale shall be posted in two public 
places in the county where the property i s to be sold 
at least ten (10) days before the time there in 
specified for such sale, and a copy of the notice 
shall be mailed to the owner and any other party 
claiming any interest in the property, if known, at 
their last-known post office address, by cert ified 
mail, return receipt requested, at least ten (10) d ays 
before the time therein specified for such sale.  If 
the item of personal property is a manufactured home, 
notice shall also be sent by certified mail to the 
county treasurer and to the county as sessor of the 
county where the manufactured home is locat ed. 
b. In the case of any item of personal property without a 
certificate of title and not required to be titled 
under Oklahoma law, a party who claim s any interest in 
the property shall include all owners of the property; 
any secured party who has an acti ve financing 
statement on file with the county clerk of Oklahoma 
County listing one or more owners of the property by 
legal name as debtors and indica ting a collateral 
description that would include the property; and any 
other person having any interest in the personal 
property, of whom the claimant has actual notice.   
 
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c. In the case of personal property subject to this 
section for which a certificate of title has been 
issued by any jurisdiction, a par ty who claims any 
interest in the property shall include all owners of 
the article of personal property as indicated by the 
certificate of title; lien debtors, if any, other than 
the owners; any lienholder w hose lien is noted on the 
face of the certificate of title; and any other person 
having any interest in th e article of personal 
property, of whom the claimant has actual notice. 
d. When the jurisdiction of titling for a vehicle, all -
terrain vehicle, motorc ycle, boat, outboard motor, or 
trailer that is five (5) model years old or newer, or 
a manufactured home t hat is fifteen (15) model years 
old or newer, cannot be determined by ordinary means, 
the claimant, the agent of the claimant, or the 
attorney of the claimant, shall request, in writing, 
that the Oklahoma Tax Commission Motor Vehicle 
Division ascertain the jurisdiction where the vehicle 
or manufactured home is titled.  The Oklahoma Tax 
Commission Motor Vehicle Division shall, within 
fourteen (14) days f rom the date the request is 
received, provide inf ormation as to the jurisdiction 
where the personal proper ty is titled.  If the   
 
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Oklahoma Tax Commission Motor Vehicle Division is 
unable to provide the information, it shall provide 
notice that the record is not available. 
e. When personal property is of a type that Oklahoma law 
requires to be titled, the owner o f record of that 
property is unknown, and the jurisdiction of titling 
and owner of record cannot be determined by ordinary 
means and also, if applicab le, cannot be determined in 
accordance with the p receding subparagraph, then the 
special lien may be forec losed by publication of a 
legal notice in a legal newspaper in the county where 
the personal property is located, as defined in 
Section 106 of Title 2 5 of the Oklahoma Statutes.  
Such notice shall in clude the description of the 
property by year, make, vehi cle identification number 
if available from the property, the name of the 
individual who may be contacted for information, and 
the telephone number of that person or the address 
where the vehicle is located.  The legal notice shall 
be published once per we ek for three (3) consecutive 
weeks.  As soon as circumstances exist as described in 
the first sentence of this subparagraph, the first 
date of publication may occur even if the special lien 
has not accrued for over thirty (30) days.  The first   
 
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date available for public sale of the vehicle is the 
day following publication of the final notice, but no 
fewer than thirty (30) days after the lien has 
accrued. When the owner of record is unknown, the 
Notice of Sale nevertheless must be completed and 
mailed to any known interested party by certified 
mail.  For purposes of this paragraph, interested 
parties shall include all persons described in 
subparagraph b or subparagraph c of this paragraph, 
whichever is applicable, with the exception of any 
owner who is unknown.  Except in circumstances 
described in paragraph 7 of this subsection that 
provide for a shorter time period, the Notice of Sale 
shall be posted in two public places in the county 
where the property is to be sold at least ten (10) 
days before the time th erein specified for such sale, 
and the Notice of Sale shall not be mailed until at 
least thirty (30) days after the lien has accrued. 
5.  The lienor or any other person may in good faith become a 
purchaser of the property sold. 
6.  Proceedings for foreclos ure under this act shall not be 
commenced until thirty (30) days after the lien has accrued, except 
as provided elsewhere in Oklahoma law.   
 
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7.  Notwithstanding any other provision of law, proceedings for 
foreclosures for the storage of junk vehicles towed a nd stored 
pursuant to Section 955 of Title 47 of the Oklahoma Statutes by 
Class AA wreckers listed with the Motor Vehicle Division of the 
Department of Public Safety, may be commenced five (5) days a fter 
the lien has accrued.  For purposes of this paragrap h, “junk 
vehicles” means any vehicle that is more than ten (10) years old if 
the cost of a comparable vehicle would be less than Three Hundred 
Dollars ($300.00) as quoted in the latest edition of the National 
Automobile Dealers Association Official Used Ca r Guide or latest 
monthly edition of any other nationally recognized published 
guidebook, adjusting to the condition of the vehicle. 
B. 1. a. Any person who is induced by means of a check or other 
form of written order for immediate payment of money 
to deliver up possession of an article of personal 
property on which the person has a special lien 
created by subsection A of this section, which check 
or other written order is dishonored, or is not paid 
when presented, shall have a lien for the amount 
thereof upon the personal property. 
b. The person claiming such lien shall, within thirty 
(30) days from the date of dishonor of the check or 
other written order for payment of money, file in the   
 
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office of the county clerk of the county in which the 
property is situated a sworn statement that: 
(1) the check or other written order for immediate 
payment of money, copy thereof being attached, 
was received for labo r, material or supplies for 
producing or repairin g an article of personal 
property, or for other specific property-related 
services covered by this section, 
(2) the check or other written order was not paid, 
and 
(3) the uttering of the check or other writt en order 
constituted the means for inducing the p erson, 
one possessed of a special lien created by 
subsection A of this section upon the described 
article of personal property, to deliver up the 
article of personal property. 
2.  a. Any person who renders service to the owner of an 
article of personal property by furnishing storage, 
rental space, material, labor , or skill for the 
protection, improvement, safekeeping, towing, right to 
occupy space, storage, or carriage thereof shall have 
a special lien on su ch property pursuant to this 
section if such property is removed from the person’s   
 
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possession, without such person’s written consent or 
without payment for such service. 
b. The person claiming such lien shall, within five (5) 
days of such nonauthorized rem oval, file in the office 
of the county clerk of the county in which the 
property is located, a sworn stateme nt including: 
(1) that services were rendered on or in relation to 
the article of personal property by the person 
claiming such lien, 
(2) that the property was in the possession of the 
person claiming the lien but such property was 
removed without his or h er written consent, 
(3) an identifying description of the article of 
personal property on or in relation to which the 
service was rendered, and 
(4) that the debt for the services rendered on or in 
relation to the article of personal property was 
not paid.  Provided, if the unpaid total amount 
of the debt for services rendered on or in 
relation to the article of personal property is 
unknown, an approximated amount of the debt due 
and owing shall be included in the sworn 
statement but such approximated debt m ay be 
amended within thirty (30) days of such filing to   
 
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reflect the actual amount of the debt due and 
owing. 
3.  The enforcement of the lien shall b e within sixty (60) days 
after filing the lien in the manner provided by law for enforcing 
the lien of a security agreement and provided that the lien shall 
not affect the rights of innocent, intervening purchasers without 
notice. 
C.  If the person who ren ders service to the owner of a n article 
of personal property to which this section applies relinquishes or 
loses possession of the article due to circumstances described in 
subparagraph a of paragraph 1 or subparagraph a of paragraph 2 of 
subsection B of this section, the person claimi ng the lien shall be 
entitled to possession of the article until the amount du e is paid, 
unless the article is possessed by a person who became a bona fide 
purchaser.  Entitlement to possession shall be in accordance with 
the following: 
1.  The claimant may take possession of an article pursuant to 
this subsection only if the person obligated under the contract for 
services has signed an acknowledgment of receipt of a notice that 
the article may be subject to repossession.  The notice and 
acknowledgment pursuant to this subsection shall be: 
a. in writing and separate from the written contract for 
services, or   
 
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b. printed on the written contract for services, credit 
agreement or other document which displays the notice 
in bold-faced, capitalized and underlined type, or is 
separated from surrounding written material so as to 
be conspicuous with a separate signature line; 
2.  The claimant may require the person obligated under the 
contract for services to pay the costs of repossessio n as a 
condition for reclaimin g the article only to the extent of the 
reasonable fair market value of the se rvices required to take 
possession of the article; 
3.  The claimant shall not transfer to a third party or to a 
person who performs repossession ser vices, a check, money order, o r 
credit card transaction that is received as payment for services 
with respect to an article and that is returned to the claimant 
because of insufficient funds or no funds, because the person 
writing the check, issuing the mo ney order, or credit cardholder has 
no account or because the check, money order, or credit card account 
has been closed.  A person violating this paragraph shall be guilty 
of a misdemeanor; and 
4.  An article that is repossessed pursuant to this subsectio n 
shall be promptly delivered to the location where the services were 
performed.  The article shall remain a t the services location at all 
times until the article is lawfully returned to the record owner or 
a lienholder or is disposed of pursuant to this s ection.   
 
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D. 1.  This section applies if a vehicle, all-terrain vehicle, 
manufactured home, motorcycle, boat, outboard motor, or trailer has 
a certificate of title issued by the Tax Commission or by a 
federally recognized Indian tribe in Oklahoma, but there is no 
active lien recorded on the certificate of title. 
2.  This section applies if a vehicle, all -terrain vehicle, 
utility vehicle, motorcycle, boat, outboard motor or trailer has a 
certificate of title issued by the Tax Commission or by a federally 
recognized Indian tribe in Oklahom a, and there is an active lien 
recorded on the certificate of title, but the l ien is over fifteen 
(15) years old. 
3.  This section applies if personal property to which Section 
91 of this title otherwise would apply has been r egistered by the 
Tax Commission or by a federally recognized Indian tribe in the 
State of Oklahoma, and ther e is a lien of record but no certificate 
of title has been issued. 
4.  This section applies if personal property to which Section 
91 of this title otherwise would apply has not b een registered by 
either the Tax Commission or a federally recognized Indian t ribe in 
the State of Oklahoma, and no certificate of title has been issued, 
but there is a lien of record. 
5.  This section applies to personal prop erty that otherwise 
would be covered by Section 91 of this title, except that the   
 
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services were rendered or the property was abandoned prior to 
November 1, 2005. 
6.  This section applies to a vehicle, all -terrain vehicle, 
utility vehicle, manufactured home , motorcycle, boat, outboard 
motor, or trailer for which ownership cannot be determined by 
ordinary means or by the Oklahoma Tax Commission Motor Vehicle 
Division, as provided in subparagraphs d and e of paragraph 4 of 
subsection A of this section, as appl icable. 
7. This section applies to items of personal property that are 
not required by Oklahoma law to be t itled, and that do not have a 
certificate of title. 
8.  This section applies to salvage pools as defined in Section 
591.2 of Title 47 of the Oklahom a Statutes. 
9.  This section applies to class AA licensed wrecker services 
taking possession of a vehicle pu rsuant to an agreement with, or at 
the direction of, or dispatched by a state or local law enforcement 
or government agency, or pursuant to the aban doned vehicle removal 
provisions of Section 954A of Title 47 of the Oklahoma Statutes with 
respect to all types of personal property, regardless of whether 
that personal property has a certificate of title. 
10.  For a vehicle abandoned at a salvage pool, i f the cost of 
repairing the vehicle for safe operation on the highway does not 
exceed sixty percent (60%) of the fair market value of the vehicle   
 
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as defined in Section 1111 of Title 47 of the Oklahoma Statutes, a 
salvage title shall not be required. 
E.  A person who knowingly makes a false statement of a material 
fact regarding the furnishing of storage, rental space, material, 
labor or skill for the protection, improvement, safekeeping, towing, 
right to occupy space, storage or carriage thereof in a procee ding 
under this section, or attempts to use or uses the provisions of 
this section to foreclose an owner or lienholder’s interest in a 
vehicle knowing that any of the statements made in the proceeding 
are false, upon conviction, shall be guilty of a felony . 
F.  Upon receipt of notice of legal proceedings, the Tax 
Commission shall cause the sale process to be put on hold until 
notice of resolution of court proceedings is received from the 
court.  If such notice of commencement of court proceedings is not 
filed with the Tax Commission, th e possessory lien sale process may 
continue. 
G.  No possessory lien sale shall be held on a Sunday. 
H.  For purposes of this section: 
1.  “Possession” includes actual possession and constructive 
possession; 
2.  “Constructive possession” means possession by a person who, 
although not in actual possession, does not have an intention t o 
abandon property, knowingly has both power and the intention at a   
 
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given time to exercise dominion or control over the property, and 
who holds claim to such thing by virtue of s ome legal right; 
3. “Lawfully in possession” means a person has documentation 
from the owner or the owner ’s authorized agent, or an insurance 
company or its authorized agent, authorizing the furnishing of 
material, labor or s torage, or that the property was authorized to 
be towed to a repair facility. 
Class AA wrecker services taki ng possession of a vehicle 
pursuant to an agreement with, or at the direction of, or dispatched 
by, a state or local law enforcement or government a gency, or 
pursuant to the aban doned vehicle removal provisions of Section 954A 
of Title 47 of the Oklahoma S tatutes, shall be considered lawfully 
in possession of the vehicle.  If the person lacks such 
documentation, the procedures established by this sect ion shall not 
apply; and 
4.  “Itemized charges” means total parts, total labor, total 
towing fees, total sto rage fees, total processing fees and totals of 
any other fee groups, the sum total of which shall equal the 
compensation claimed. 
I.  For purposes of this section, the United Sta tes Postal 
Service approved electronic equivalent of proof of return receipt 
requested Form 3811 shall satisfy return receipt requested 
documentation requirements.   
 
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J.  If a person claiming a special lien pursuant to this secti on 
fails to comply with any of the requirements of this section, any 
interested party may proceed against th e person claiming such lien 
for all damages arising therefrom, including conversion, if the 
article of personal property has been sold.  If the noti ce or 
notices required by this section shall be shown to be knowingly 
false or fraudulent, the interested pa rty shall be entitled to 
treble damages.  The prevailing party shall be entitled to all 
costs, including reasonable attorney fees. 
K.  Any interested party shall be permitted to visually inspect 
and verify the services rendered by the claimant prior to the sale 
of the article of property during normal business hours.  If the 
claimant fails to allow any interested party to inspect the 
property, the interested party shall mail a req uest for inspection 
by certified mail, return receipt requested, to the claima nt.  
Within three (3) business days of receipt of the request for 
inspection, the claimant shall mail a photograph of the property, by 
certified mail, return receipt requested, a nd a date of inspection 
within five (5) business days from the date of the not ice to 
inspect.  The lienholder shall be allowed to retrieve the property 
without being required to bring the title into the lienholder ’s 
name, if the lienholder provides proof i t is a lienholder and any 
payment due the claimant for lawful charges where th e claimant has 
complied with this section.  Upon the release of personal property   
 
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to an insurer or representative of the insurer, wrecker operators 
shall be exempt from all liabi lity and shall be held harmless for 
any losses or claims of loss.  In the even t any law enforcement 
agency places a hold on the property, the party wanting to inspect 
or photograph the property shall obtain permission from the law 
enforcement agency that p laced the hold on the property before 
inspecting or photographing. 
L.  This section shall apply to all actions or proceedings that 
commence on or after the effective date of this act August 22, 2014. 
SECTION 2. This act shall become effective November 1, 2023. 
COMMITTEE REPORT BY: COMMITTEE ON JUDICIARY 
February 7, 2023 - DO PASS