Oklahoma 2025 2025 Regular Session

Oklahoma House Bill HB2140 Amended / Bill

Filed 03/10/2025

                     
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HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES - FLOOR VERSION 
 
STATE OF OKLAHOMA 
 
1st Session of the 60th Legislature (2025) 
 
COMMITTEE SUBSTITUTE 
FOR 
HOUSE BILL NO. 2140 	By: Kannady and Schreiber of 
the House 
 
   and 
 
  Thompson of the Senate 
 
 
 
 
COMMITTEE SUBSTITUTE 
 
An Act relating to revenue and taxation; amending 68 
O.S. 2021, Sections 2802, 2803, and 2817, as amended 
by Section 1, Chapter 374, O.S.L. 2022 (68 O.S. Supp. 
2024, Section 2817), which relate to the Ad Valorem 
Tax Code; defining terms; expanding class ifications 
of property for purposes of ad valorem taxation; 
modifying the valuation procedure of certain real 
property for assessment; updating statutory 
references; updating statutory language; and 
providing an effective date. 
 
 
 
 
BE IT ENACTED BY THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA: 
SECTION 1.     AMENDATORY     68 O.S. 2021, Section 2802, is 
amended to read as follows: 
Section 2802.  As used in Section 2801 et seq. of this title: 
1.  “Accepted standards for mass appraisal practi ce” means those 
standards for the collection and analysis of information about 
taxable properties within a taxing jurisdiction permitting the   
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accurate estimate of fair cash value for similar properties in the 
jurisdiction either without direct observation of such similar 
properties or without direct sales price information for such 
similar properties using a reliable statistical or other method to 
estimate the values of such properties; 
2.  “Additional homestead exemption” means the exemption 
provided by Section 2890 of this title; 
3.  “Assessor” means the county assessor and, unless the context 
clearly requires otherwise, deputy assessors and persons employed by 
the county assessor in performance of duties imposed by law; 
4.  “Assess and value” means to est ablish the fair cash value 
and taxable fair cash value of taxable real and personal property 
pursuant to requirements of law; 
5.  “Assessed valuation” or “assessed value” means the 
percentage of the fair cash value of personal property, or the 
percentage of the taxable fair cash value of real property, pursuant 
to the provisions of Sections 8 and 8B of Article X of the Oklahoma 
Constitution, either of individual items of personal property, 
parcels of real property or the aggrega te total of such individual 
taxable items or parcels within a jurisdiction; 
6.  “Assessment percentage” means the percentage applied to 
personal property and real property pursuant to Section 8 of Article 
X of the Oklahoma Constitution;   
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7.  “Assessment ratio” means the relationship be tween assessed 
value and taxable fair cash value for a county or for use categories 
within a county expressed as a percentage determined in the annual 
equalization ratio study; 
8.  “Assessment roll” means a computerized or nonc omputerized 
record required by law to be kept by the county assessor and 
containing information about property within a taxing jurisdiction; 
9.  “Assessment year” means the year beginning January 1 of each 
calendar year and ending on December 31 preceding the following 
January 1 assessment date; 
10.  “Circuit breaker” means the form of property tax relief 
provided by Sections 2904 through 2911 of this title; 
11.  “Class of subjects” means a category of property 
specifically designated pursuant to provisions of the Oklahoma 
Constitution for purposes of ad valorem taxation; 
12.  “Code” means the Ad Valorem Tax Code, Section 2801 et seq. 
of this title; 
13.  “Coefficient of dispersion” means a statistical measure of 
assessment uniformity for a category of property or for all property 
within a taxing jurisdiction; 
14.  “Confidence level” means a statistical procedure for 
determining the degree of reliability for use in reporting the 
assessment ratio for a taxing jurisdiction;   
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15.  “Cost approach” means a method us ed to establish the fair 
cash value of property involving an estimate of current construction 
cost of improvements, subtracting accrued depreciation including any 
loss in value that may be caused by physical deterioration, 
functional obsolescence or economic obsolescence and adding th e 
value of the land. 
a. Physical deterioration is a cause of depreciation that 
is a loss in value due to ordinary wear and tear and 
the forces of nature. 
b. Functional or internal obsolescence is the loss in 
value of a property resulting from changes in ta stes, 
preferences, technical innovations or market 
standards. 
c. Economic or external obsolescence is a cause of 
depreciation that is a loss in value as a result of 
impairment in utility and desirability caused by 
factors outside the boundaries of the prop erty or loss 
of value in a property (relative to the cost of 
replacing it with a property of equal utility) that 
stems from factors external to the property; 
16.  “County board of equalization” means the board which, upon 
hearing competent evidence, has th e authority to correct and adjust 
the assessment rolls in its respective county to conform to fair   
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cash value and such other responsibilities as prescribed in Section 
2801 et seq. of this title; 
17.  “Equalization” means the process for making adjustments to 
taxable property values within a county by analyzing the 
relationships between assessed values and fair cash values in one or 
more use categories within the county or between counties by 
analyzing the relationship between as sessed value and fair cash 
value in each county; 
18.  “Equalization ratio study” means the analysis of the 
relationships between assessed values and fair cash values in the 
manner provided by law; 
19.  “Fair cash value” or “market value” means the value or 
price at which a willing buy er would purchase property and a willing 
seller would sell property if both parties are knowledgeable about 
the property and its uses and if neither party is under any undue 
pressure to buy or sell and for real property shall m ean the value 
for the highest and best use for which such property was actually 
used, or was previously classified for use, during the calendar year 
next preceding the applicable January 1 assessment date; 
20.  “Homestead exemption” means the reduction in the taxable 
value of a homestead as authorized by law; 
21.  “Income and expense approach” means a method to estimate 
fair cash value of a property by determining the present value of 
the projected income stream;   
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22.  “List and assess” means the process by which taxable 
property is discovered, its description recorded for purposes of ad 
valorem taxation and its fair cash value and taxable fair cash value 
are established; 
23.  “Mill” or “millage” means the rate of tax imposed upon 
taxable value.  One (1) mill equals One Dollar ($1.00) of tax for 
each One Thousand Dollars ($1,000.00) of taxable value; 
24.  “Multiple regression analysis” means a statistical 
technique for estimating unknown data on the basis of known and 
available data; 
25.  “Parcel” means a cont iguous area of land described in a 
single description by a deed or other instrument or as one of a 
number of lots on a plat or plan, separately owned and capable of 
being separately conveyed; 
26.  “Residential rental housing” means any single tax parcel 
that contains a building or bui ldings that are constructed and used 
for multifamily housing or contains two or more single family homes 
that are constructed for rental purposes.  For the purposes of this 
paragraph, “multifamily housing” shall mean residentia l buildings or 
complexes that contain multiple separate units or dwellings intended 
for occupancy by multiple families or households; 
27. “Sales comparison approach” means the collection, 
verification, and screening of sales data, stratification of sales   
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information for purposes of c omparison and use of such information 
to establish the fair cash value of taxable property; 
27. 28. “State Board of Equalization” means the Board 
responsible for valuation of railroad, airline and public service 
corporation property and the adjustment and equalization of all 
property values both centrally and locally assessed; 
28. 29. “Taxable value” means the percentage of the fair cash 
value of personal property or the taxable fair cash value of real 
property, less applicable exemptions, upon which an a d valorem tax 
rate is levied pursuant to the provisions of Section 8 and Section 
8B of Article X of the Oklahoma Constitution; 
29. 30. “Taxable fair cash value” means the fair cash value of 
locally assessed real property as ca pped pursuant to Section 8B o f 
Article X of the Oklahoma Constitution; 
30. 31. “Use category” means a subcategory of real property , 
that is either agricultural use, residential use or 
commercial/industrial use but does not and shall not constitute a 
class of subjects within the meani ng of the Oklahoma Constitution 
for purposes of ad valorem taxation; 
31. 32. “Use value” means the basis for establishing fair cash 
value of real property pursuant to the requirement of Section 8 of 
Article X of the Oklahoma C onstitution; and 
32. 33. “Visual inspection program” means the program required 
in order to gather data about real property from physical   
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examination of the property and improvements in order to establish 
the fair cash values of properties so inspected at least once each 
four (4) years and the fair cash values of similar properties on an 
annual basis. 
SECTION 2.     AMENDATORY     68 O.S. 2021, Section 2803, is 
amended to read as follows: 
Section 2803.  A.  The Legislature, pursuant to au thority of 
Article X, Section 22 of Article X of the Oklahoma Constitution, 
hereby classifies the following types of property for purposes of ad 
valorem taxation: 
1.  Real property, except as provided by paragraph 6 of this 
subsection; 
2.  Personal property, except as provided in para graph 3 of this 
subsection; 
3.  Personal property which is household goods of the head of 
families and livestock employed in support of the family in those 
counties which have exempted such property pursuant to subsection 
(b) B of Section 6 of Article X of the Oklahoma Constitution; 
4.  Public service corporation property; and 
5.  Railroad and air carrier property ; and 
6.  Real property containing improvements constructed for the 
purposes of providing residential rental housing . 
B.  Valuation of each class of subjects shall be made by a 
method appropriate for each class or any subclass thereof, as   
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established by the Ad Valorem Division of the Oklahoma Tax 
Commission. 
C.  Classification as provided by this section shall require 
uniform treatment of each item within a class or any subclass as 
provided in Article X, Section 5 of Article X of the Oklahoma 
Constitution. 
SECTION 3.     AMENDATORY     68 O.S. 2021, Section 2817, as 
amended by Section 1, Chapter 374, O.S.L. 2022 (68 O.S. Supp. 2024, 
Section 2817), is amended to read as follows: 
Section 2817.  A.  All taxable personal property, except 
intangible personal property, personal property exempt from ad 
valorem taxation, or household personal property, shall be l isted 
and assessed each year at its fair cash value, estimated at the 
price it would bring at a fair voluntary sale, as of January 1. 
The fair cash value of household personal property shall be 
valued at ten percent (10%) of the appraised value of the 
improvement to the residential re al property within which such 
personal property is located as of January 1 each year.  The 
assessment of household personal property as provided by this 
section may be altered by the taxpayer listing such property at its 
actual fair cash value.  For purpos es of establishing the value of 
household personal property, pursuant to the requirement of Section 
8 of Article X of the Oklahoma Constitution, the percentage of value 
prescribed by this section for the household personal property shall   
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be presumed to constitute the fair cash value of the personal 
property. 
Stocks of goods, wares, and merchandise shall be assessed at the 
value of the average amount on hand during the preceding year, or 
the average amount on hand during the part of the preceding year the 
stock of goods, wares, or merchandise was at its January 1 location.  
Provided, persons primarily engaged in selling lumber and other 
building materials including cement and concrete, except for home 
centers classified under Industry No. 444110 of the North American 
Industrial Classification Systems (NAICS) Manual, shall be assessed 
at the average value of the inventory on hand as of January 1 of 
each year and the value of the inventory on hand as of December 31 
of the same year. 
B.  All taxable real property shall be assessed annually as of 
January 1, at its fair cash value, estimated at the price it would 
bring at a fair voluntary sale for: 
1.  The highest and best use for which the property was actually 
used during the preceding calendar year; or 
2.  The highest and best use for which the property was last 
classified for use if not actually used during the preceding 
calendar year. 
When improvements upon residential real property are divided by 
a taxing jurisdiction line, those im provements shall be valued an d   
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assessed in the taxing jurisdiction in which the physical majority 
of those improvements are located. 
The Ad Valorem Division of the Oklahoma Tax Commission shall be 
responsible for the promulgation of rules which shall be followed by 
each county assessor of the state, for the purposes of providing for 
the equitable use valuation of locally assessed real property in 
this state.  Agricultural land and nonresidential improvements 
necessary or convenient for agricultural purposes shall be assessed 
for ad valorem taxation based upon the highest and best use for 
which the property was actually used, or was previously classified 
for use, during the calendar year next preceding January 1 on which 
the assessment is made. 
C.  The use value of agricultural land shal l be based on the 
income capitalization approach using cash rent.  The rental income 
shall be calculated using the direct capitalization method based 
upon factors including, but not limited to: 
1.  Soil types, as depicted on so il maps published by the 
Natural Resources Conservation Service of the United States 
Department of Agriculture; 
2.  Soil productivity indices approved by the Ad Valorem 
Division of the Tax Commission; 
3.  The specific agricultural purpose of the soil based on use 
categories approved b y the Ad Valorem Division of the Tax 
Commission; and   
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4.  A capitalization rate to be determined annually by the Ad 
Valorem Division of the Tax Commission based on the sum of the 
average first mortgage interest rate charged by t he Federal Land 
Bank for the immediately preceding five (5) years, weighted with the 
prevailing rate or rates for additional loans or equity, and the 
effective tax rate. 
The final use value will be calculated using the soil 
productivity indices and the agricultural use classification as 
defined by rules promulgated by the State Board of Equalization.  
This subsection shall not be construed in a manner which is 
inconsistent with the duties, powers, and authority of the Board as 
to valuation of the counties a s fixed and defined by Sectio n 21 of 
Article X of the Oklahoma Constitution. 
However, in calculating the use value of buffer strips as 
defined in Section 2817.2 of this title, exclusive consideration 
shall be based only on income from production agriculture from such 
buffer strips, not including federal or state subsidies, when valued 
as required by subsection C of Section 2817.2 of this title. 
D.  The use value of nonresidential improvements on agricultural 
land shall be based on the cost approach to value estimation using 
currently updated cost manuals published by the Marshall and Swift 
Company or similar cost manuals approved by the Ad Valorem Division 
of the Tax Commission.  The use value estimates for the 
nonresidential improvements shall take obsolescence and depreciation   
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into consideration in addition to necessary adjustments for local 
variations in the cost of labor and materials.  This section shall 
not be construed in a manner which is inconsistent with the duties, 
powers, and authority of the Boar d as to equalization of valua tion 
of the counties as determined and defined by Section 21 of Article X 
of the Oklahoma Constitution. 
The use value of facilities used for poultry production shall be 
determined according to the following procedures: 
1.  The Ad Valorem Division of the Ta x Commission is hereby 
directed to develop a standard system of valuation of both real and 
personal property of such facilities, which shall be used by all 
county assessors in this state, under which valuation based on the 
following shall be presumed to be the fair cash value of the 
property: 
a. for real property, a ten -year depreciation schedule, 
at the end of which the residual value is twenty 
percent (20%) of the value of the facility during its 
first year of operation, and 
b. for personal property, a fi ve-year depreciation 
schedule, at the end of which the residual value is 
zero; 
2.  Such facilities shall be valued only in comparison to other 
facilities used exclusively for poultry production.  Such a facility   
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which is no longer used for poultry producti on shall be deemed to 
have no productive use; 
3.  During the first year such a facility is placed on the tax 
rolls, its fair cash value shall be presumed to be the lesser of the 
actual purchase price or the actual documented cost of construction; 
and 
4.  For the purpose of determining the valuation of 
nonresidential improvements used for poultry production, the 
provisions of this subsection shall be applicable and such 
improvements shall not be considered to be commercial proper ty. 
E.  The value of investme nt in property used exclusively by an 
oil refinery that is used wholly as a facility, device, or method 
for the desulphurization of gasoline or diesel fuel as defined in 
Section 2817.3 of this title shall not be included in the 
capitalization used in the d etermination of fair market value of 
such oil refinery if such property would qualify as exempt property 
pursuant to Section 2902 of this title, whether or not an 
application for such exemption is made by an otherwise qualifyin g 
manufacturing concern ownin g the property described by Section 
2817.3 of this title. 
F.  The use value of a lot in any platted addition or a 
subdivision in a city, town, or county zoned for residential, 
commercial, industrial, or other use shall be deemed to be the fair 
cash value of the underlying tract of land platted, divided by the   
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number of lots contained in the platted addition or subdivision 
until the lot shall have been conveyed to a bona fide purchaser or 
the lot with building or buildings locate d thereon shall have been 
occupied other than as a sales office by the owner thereof, or shall 
have been leased, whichever event shall first occur.  One who 
purchases a lot for the purposes of constructing and selling a 
building on such lot shall not be deemed to be a bona fide purcha ser 
for purposes of this section.  However, if the lot is held for a 
period longer than two (2) years before construction, then the 
assessor may consider the lot to have been conveyed to a bona fide 
purchaser.  The cost of any land or improvements to any r eal 
property required to be dedicated to public use including, but not 
limited to, streets, curbs, gutters, sidewalks, storm or sanitary 
sewers, utilities, detention or retention ponds, easements, parks, 
or reserves shall not be utilized by the county asse ssor in the 
valuation of any real property for assessment purposes. 
G.  The transfer of real property without a change in its use 
classification shall not require a reassessment thereof based 
exclusively upon the sale value of the property.  However, if th e 
county assessor determines: 
1.  That by reason of the transfer of a property there is a 
change in the actual use or classification of the property; or 
2.  That by reason of the amount of the sales consideration it 
is obvious that the use classification p rior to the transfer of the   
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property is not commensurate with and would not justify the amount 
of the sales consideration of the property; 
then the assessor shall, in either event, reassess the property for 
the new use classifi cation for which the property is being used, or, 
the highest and best use classification for which the property may, 
by reason of the transfer, be classified for use. 
H.  When the term “fair cash value” or the language “fair cash 
value, estimated at the price it would bring at a fair voluntary 
sale” is used in the Ad Valorem Tax Code, in connection with and in 
relation to the assessment of real property, it is defined to mean 
and shall be given the meaning ascribed and assigned to it in this 
section and when the term or language is use d in the Code in 
connection with the assessment of personal property , it shall be 
given its ordinary or literal meaning. 
I.  Where any real property is zoned for a use by a proper 
zoning authority, and the use of the property has not been changed, 
the use and not zoning shall determine assessment.  Any reassessment 
required shall be effective January 1 following the change in use.  
Taxable real property need not be listed annually with the county 
assessor. 
J.  If any real proper ty shall become taxable after January 1 of 
any year, the county assessor shall assess the same and place it 
upon the tax rolls for the next ensuing year.  When any building is 
constructed upon land after January 1 of any year, the value of the   
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building shall be added by the county ass essor to the assessed 
valuation of the land upon which the building is constructed at the 
fair cash value thereof for the next ensuing year.  However, after 
the building has been completed it shall be deemed to have a value 
for assessment purposes of the f air cash value of the materials used 
in such building only, until the building and the land on which the 
building is located shall have been conveyed to a bona fide 
purchaser or shall have been occupied or used for any purpose other 
than as a sales office by the owner thereof, or shall have been 
leased, whichever event shall first occur.  The county assessor 
shall continue to assess the building based upon the fair market 
value of the materials used therein until the building an d land upon 
which the building is located shall have been conveyed to a bona 
fide purchaser or is occupied or used for any purpose other than as 
a sales office by the owner thereof, or is leased, whichever event 
shall first occur.  In the event a building or buildings described 
by this subsection are intended to serve primarily as residential 
rental housing, after the building or buildings have been completed 
they shall be deemed to have an initial value for assessment 
purposes not to exceed the fair cash v alue of the land and the 
actual documented cost of any improvements made to the building or 
buildings.  The county assessor shall continue to assess such 
building or buildings at a value not to exceed the fair cash value 
of the land and actual documented cost of any improvements made   
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until either two (2) years have passed since the date on which the 
building or buildings were first reflected on the tax rolls, or the 
building or buildings and the land on which the building or 
buildings are located shall have been conveyed to a bona fide 
purchaser, whichever event shall first occur. 
K.  In the event improvements on land or personal property 
located therein or thereon are destroyed or partially destroyed, or 
the land itself is impaired or partially impaired by fire, 
lightning, storm, winds , floodwaters, overflow of streams, or other 
cause (all such destruction or impairments being referred to herein 
as “damage”) during any year, the county assessor shall determine 
the amount of damage and shall reassess the prop erty for that year 
at the fair cash value of the property, taking into account the 
actual loss of functional use of the property occasioned by such 
damage.  The assessor shall make the appropriate value adjustments 
to the property for that tax year up to the time at which the 
assessor publishes the “Assessor’s assessor’s Report to the Excise 
Board” Board as required by subsection D of Section 2867 of this 
title.  After such time, adjustments can be made only by the county 
board of tax roll corrections and o nly after the assessor has 
certified the tax roll for that year.  The board secretary shall 
notify property owners in advance of the time and place at which the 
value adjustment to their property will be heard by the board.  The   
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board of tax roll corrections is authorized only to appr ove or 
reject the value adjustment submitted by the county assessor. 
L.  All taxable personal property used in the exploration of 
oil, natural gas, or other minerals including drilling equipment and 
rigs, shall be assessed annu ally at the value set forth i n the first 
Hadco International monthly bulletin published for the tax year, 
using the appropriate depth rating assigned to the drawworks by its 
manufacturer and the actual condition of the rig. 
M.  The value of taxable tangible personal property used in 
commercial disposal systems of waste materials from the production 
of oil and gas shall not include any contract rights or leases for 
the use of such systems nor any value associated with the wellbore 
or non-recoverable down-hole material including casing. 
SECTION 4.  This act shall become effective November 1, 2025. 
 
COMMITTEE REPORT BY: COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS AND BUDGET, dated 
03/06/2025 - DO PASS, As Amended and Coauthored.