By: Wentworth S.B. No. 431
A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT
relating to the enforcement of unpaid child support.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
SECTION 1. Subsection (g), Section 157.312, Family Code, is
amended to read as follows:
(g) A child support lien under this subchapter may not be
directed to an employer in lieu of an order or writ under Chapter
158 to withhold child support from [attach to] the disposable
earnings of an obligor [paid by the employer].
SECTION 2. Section 157.314, Family Code, is amended by
amending Subsection (d) and adding Subsection (e) to read as
follows:
(d) If a child support lien notice is delivered to a
financial institution with respect to an account of the obligor,
the institution shall immediately:
(1) provide the claimant with the last known address
of the obligor and disclose to the claimant the amount in the
account at the time of receipt of the notice; and
(2) notify any other person having an ownership
interest in the account that the account has been frozen in an
amount not to exceed the amount of the child support arrearage
identified in the notice.
(e) On request, a financial institution to which a child
support lien notice has been delivered shall provide the claimant
with a statement showing all transactions involving the obligor's
account that occurred from the date of receipt of the child support
lien notice to the date of receipt of the request for information.
SECTION 3. Subsections (b) and (f), Section 157.327, Family
Code, are amended to read as follows:
(b) The notice under this section must:
(1) identify the amount of child support arrearages
owing at the time the amount of arrearages was determined or, if the
amount is less, the amount of arrearages owing at the time the
notice is prepared and delivered to the financial institution; and
(2) direct the financial institution to pay to the
claimant, not earlier than the 15th day or later than the 21st day
after the date of delivery of the notice, an amount from the assets
of the obligor or from funds due to the obligor at the time the levy
is paid that are held or controlled by the institution or that
should have been held or controlled by the institution, not to
exceed the amount of the child support arrearages identified in the
notice, unless:
(A) the institution is notified by the claimant
that the obligor has paid the arrearages or made arrangements
satisfactory to the claimant for the payment of the arrearages;
(B) the obligor or another person files, not
later than the 10th day after the date of delivery of the notice
required by Section 157.328, a suit under Section 157.323
requesting a hearing by the court; or
(C) if the claimant is the Title IV-D agency, the
obligor has requested an agency review under Section 157.328.
(f) A financial institution may collect any fees and costs
identified in Subsection (c) from the obligor but may not deduct
those [the] fees and costs [identified in Subsection (c)] from the
obligor's assets before paying the appropriate amount to the
claimant.
SECTION 4. Subchapter G, Chapter 157, Family Code, is
amended by adding Section 157.332 to read as follows:
Sec. 157.332. LIEN AND LEVY ON CERTAIN THIRD-PARTY ASSETS.
(a) If a claimant has reason to believe that an obligor's
financial assets have been directed to a depository account of
another individual in an attempt to protect those assets from a
child support lien and levy under this subchapter, the claimant may
file suit to obtain a judicial determination of the extent, if any,
to which the account contains assets owned by the obligor.
(b) On filing suit under this section, the claimant shall
also deliver a child support lien notice under this subchapter to
the financial institution in which the account is maintained. On
receipt of the notice, the financial institution shall immediately:
(1) freeze all assets in the account, except for
assets that exceed the amount of the child support arrearage
identified in the notice, until a judicial determination is made in
accordance with this section; and
(2) inform the account holder that the assets have
been frozen and the account may not be closed until a judicial
determination is made in accordance with this section.
(c) A child support lien notice required under Subsection
(b) may be served on a financial institution in the manner
authorized by Section 157.3145.
(d) Except as otherwise provided by this section, the
procedures provided by Subchapter B apply to a suit under this
section. The obligor must be joined as an additional respondent.
(e) After providing notice to the obligor, the account
holder, any other person alleging an ownership interest in the
account, the claimant, and the obligee, the court shall hold a
hearing to determine the extent, if any, to which the account
contains assets owned by the obligor that are subject to a child
support lien and levy under this subchapter. The hearing must be
held not later than the 30th day after the date suit is filed under
this section.
(f) In the hearing required by Subsection (e), the claimant
has the burden of proving the extent of the obligor's ownership
interest in assets held in the account.
(g) Following the hearing required by Subsection (e):
(1) if the court determines that the account does not
contain any of the obligor's assets that are subject to a child
support lien and levy under this subchapter, the court shall:
(A) order the release of the lien against the
account; and
(B) prohibit any action to levy on the account;
or
(2) if the court determines that the account contains
any of the obligor's assets that are subject to a child support lien
and levy under this subchapter, the court shall:
(A) specify the amount of assets in the account
determined by the court to be the obligor's assets subject to a
child support lien and levy under this subchapter; and
(B) order that the amount specified under
Paragraph (A) be applied against child support arrearages owed by
the obligor.
(h) A financial institution that freezes assets under
Subsection (b)(1) or surrenders assets in compliance with a court
order under Subsection (g)(2) is not liable to the obligor, the
account holder, or any other person for the assets frozen or
surrendered.
(i) In a suit filed under this section, the court may award
attorney's fees and costs to the prevailing party.
SECTION 5. Section 34.001, Civil Practice and Remedies
Code, is amended by adding Subsection (c) to read as follows:
(c) This section does not apply to a child support judgment
or any other child support collection remedy authorized by the
Family Code.
SECTION 6. The changes in law made by this Act to Section
157.312, Family Code, apply only to a child support lien notice
filed on or after the effective date of this Act. A child support
lien notice filed before the effective date of this Act is governed
by the law in effect on the date the lien notice was filed, and the
former law is continued in effect for that purpose.
SECTION 7. The changes in law made by this Act to Section
157.314 and Subsection (f), Section 157.327, Family Code, apply
only to a financial institution that receives a lien notice or
notice of levy under those sections on or after the effective date
of this Act. A financial institution that receives a lien notice or
notice of levy under those sections before the effective date of
this Act is governed by the law in effect on the date the lien notice
or notice of levy is received, and the former law is continued in
effect for that purpose.
SECTION 8. The changes in law made by this Act to Section
34.001, Civil Practice and Remedies Code, apply to each child
support judgment or collection remedy, regardless of the date on
which the judgment is rendered or the remedy is sought.
SECTION 9. This Act takes effect September 1, 2009.