H.B. No. 17
AN ACT
relating to official misconduct by and removal of prosecuting
attorneys.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
SECTION 1. Section 87.011, Local Government Code, is
amended by amending Subdivision (3) and adding Subdivisions (4) and
(5) to read as follows:
(3) "Official misconduct" means intentional, unlawful
behavior relating to official duties by an officer entrusted with
the administration of justice or the execution of the law. The term
includes:
(A) an intentional or corrupt failure, refusal,
or neglect of an officer to perform a duty imposed on the officer by
law;
(B) a prosecuting attorney's adoption or
enforcement of a policy of refusing to prosecute a class or type of
criminal offense under state law or instructing law enforcement to
refuse to arrest individuals suspected of committing a class or
type of offense under state law, except a policy adopted:
(i) in compliance with state law or an
injunction, judgment, or other court order;
(ii) in response to a reasonable
evidentiary impediment to prosecution; or
(iii) to provide for diversion or similar
conditional dismissals of cases when permissible under state law;
or
(C) permitting an attorney who is employed by or
otherwise under the direction or control of the prosecuting
attorney to refuse to prosecute a class or type of criminal offense
under state law or instruct law enforcement to refuse to arrest
individuals suspected of committing a class or type of offense
under state law for any reason other than a reason described by
Paragraph (B)(i), (ii), or (iii).
(4) "Policy" means an instruction or directive
expressed in any manner.
(5) "Prosecuting attorney" means a district attorney
or a county attorney with criminal jurisdiction.
SECTION 2. Subchapter B, Chapter 87, Local Government Code,
is amended by adding Section 87.0131 to read as follows:
Sec. 87.0131. DEFENSE IN CERTAIN CASES. It is a defense in
an action alleging a prosecuting attorney committed official
misconduct described by Section 87.011(3)(C) that the prosecuting
attorney took action immediately on discovering an attorney
employed by or otherwise under the direction or control of the
prosecuting attorney was acting as described by Section
87.011(3)(C).
SECTION 3. Section 87.015, Local Government Code, is
amended by amending Subsections (b) and (c) and adding Subsection
(b-1) to read as follows:
(b) A petition for removal of an officer other than a
prosecuting attorney may be filed by any [Any] resident of this
state who has lived for at least six months in the county in which
the petition is to be filed and who is not currently under
indictment in the county [may file the petition]. At least one of
the parties who files the petition must swear to it at or before the
filing.
(b-1) A petition for removal of a prosecuting attorney may
be filed by any resident of this state who, at the time of the
alleged cause of removal, lives and has lived for at least six
months in the county in which the alleged cause of removal occurred
and who is not currently charged with a criminal offense in that
county. At least one of the parties who files the petition must
swear to it at or before the filing.
(c) A [The] petition for removal of an officer other than a
prosecuting attorney must be addressed to the district judge of the
court in which it is filed. A petition for removal of a prosecuting
attorney must be addressed to the presiding judge of the
administrative judicial region in which the petition is filed. The
petition must set forth the grounds alleged for the removal of the
officer in plain and intelligible language and must cite the time
and place of the occurrence of each act alleged as a ground for
removal with as much certainty as the nature of the case permits.
SECTION 4. Subchapter B, Chapter 87, Local Government Code,
is amended by adding Section 87.0151 to read as follows:
Sec. 87.0151. ASSIGNMENT OF JUDGE IN CERTAIN CASES. (a)
Immediately after a petition for removal of a prosecuting attorney
is filed under Section 87.015, the district clerk shall deliver a
copy of the petition to the presiding judge of the administrative
judicial region in which the court sits.
(b) On receiving a petition for removal of a prosecuting
attorney under Subsection (a), the presiding judge of the
administrative judicial region shall assign a district court judge
of a judicial district that does not include the county in which the
petition was filed to conduct the removal proceedings.
SECTION 5. Section 87.018, Local Government Code, is
amended by amending Subsections (e) and (f) and adding Subsections
(g) and (h) to read as follows:
(e) In a proceeding to remove a county attorney who is not a
prosecuting attorney from office, the district attorney shall
represent the state. If the county does not have a district
attorney, the county attorney from an adjoining county, as selected
by the commissioners court of the county in which the proceeding is
pending, shall represent the state.
(f) In a proceeding to remove a prosecuting attorney [the
county attorney or district attorney] from office, the presiding
judge of the administrative judicial region in which the petition
for removal was filed shall appoint a prosecuting [the county]
attorney from another judicial district or county, as applicable,
in the administrative judicial region to [from an adjoining county,
as selected by the commissioners court of the county in which the
proceeding is pending, shall] represent the state [if the attorney
who would otherwise represent the state under this section is also
the subject of a pending removal proceeding].
(g) In a proceeding to remove a prosecuting attorney from
office, a prosecuting attorney's public statement establishing
that the prosecuting attorney adopted or enforced or intends to
adopt or enforce a policy described by Section 87.011(3)(B) or
permitted or intends to permit an attorney who is employed by or
otherwise under the direction or control of the prosecuting
attorney to act as described by Section 87.011(3)(C) creates a
rebuttable presumption that the prosecuting attorney committed
official misconduct.
(h) In a trial in which a prosecuting attorney is accused of
committing official misconduct under Section 87.011(3)(B) or (C), a
court may award reasonable attorney's fees and costs the
prosecuting attorney personally spent related to the conduct of the
proceeding on finding that the prosecuting attorney did not adopt
or enforce a policy described by Section 87.011(3)(B) or permit an
attorney who is employed by or otherwise under the direction or
control of the prosecuting attorney to act as described by Section
87.011(3)(C), as applicable.
SECTION 6. The changes in law made by this Act apply only to
an action taken or public statement made by a prosecuting attorney
on or after the effective date of this Act.
SECTION 7. This Act takes effect immediately if it receives
a vote of two-thirds of all the members elected to each house, as
provided by Section 39, Article III, Texas Constitution. If this
Act does not receive the vote necessary for immediate effect, this
Act takes effect September 1, 2023.
______________________________ ______________________________
President of the Senate Speaker of the House
I certify that H.B. No. 17 was passed by the House on April
28, 2023, by the following vote: Yeas 97, Nays 51, 1 present, not
voting; that the House refused to concur in Senate amendments to
H.B. No. 17 on May 23, 2023, and requested the appointment of a
conference committee to consider the differences between the two
houses; and that the House adopted the conference committee report
on H.B. No. 17 on May 28, 2023, by the following vote: Yeas 83,
Nays 58, 2 present, not voting.
______________________________
Chief Clerk of the House
I certify that H.B. No. 17 was passed by the Senate, with
amendments, on May 19, 2023, by the following vote: Yeas 20, Nays
11; at the request of the House, the Senate appointed a conference
committee to consider the differences between the two houses; and
that the Senate adopted the conference committee report on H.B. No.
17 on May 28, 2023, by the following vote: Yeas 20, Nays 11.
______________________________
Secretary of the Senate
APPROVED: __________________
Date
__________________
Governor