Texas 2025 89th Regular

Texas House Bill HB2692 Introduced / Bill

Filed 02/12/2025

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                    By: Guillen H.B. No. 2692




 A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
 AN ACT
 relating to the codification and clarification of local laws
 concerning the San Antonio River Authority.
 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
 SECTION 1.  Subtitle G, Title 6, Special District Local Laws
 Code, is amended by adding Chapter 8513 to read as follows:
 CHAPTER 8513. SAN ANTONIO RIVER AUTHORITY
 SUBCHAPTER A. GENERAL PROVISIONS
 Sec. 8513.0101.  DEFINITIONS
 Sec. 8513.0102.  NATURE OF AUTHORITY
 Sec. 8513.0103.  FINDINGS OF BENEFIT AND PUBLIC PURPOSE
 Sec. 8513.0104.  REVIEW SCHEDULE UNDER SUNSET ACT
 Sec. 8513.0105.  TERRITORY
 Sec. 8513.0106.  EFFECT OF CHAPTER ON CERTAIN PERSONS OR
 ENTITIES
 Sec. 8513.0107.  LIBERAL CONSTRUCTION OF CHAPTER
 Sec. 8513.0108.  CORRECTION OF INVALID PROCEDURES
 SUBCHAPTER B. BOARD OF DIRECTORS; ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS
 Sec. 8513.0201.  DIRECTORS; TERMS; QUALIFICATIONS
 Sec. 8513.0202.  DIRECTOR ELECTIONS
 Sec. 8513.02025.  CERTAIN DIRECTOR TERMS
 Sec. 8513.0203.  SUSPENSION AND REMOVAL
 Sec. 8513.0204.  VACANCY
 Sec. 8513.0205.  BYLAWS
 Sec. 8513.0206.  ORDINANCES
 Sec. 8513.0207.  BOND REQUIREMENT FOR DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
 Sec. 8513.0208.  FILING OF OATH
 Sec. 8513.0209.  COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS
 Sec. 8513.0210.  CERTAIN INTERESTS PROHIBITED
 Sec. 8513.0211.  OFFICERS
 Sec. 8513.0212.  DIRECTOR TRAINING PROGRAM
 Sec. 8513.0213.  MEETINGS
 Sec. 8513.0214.  POLICIES TO SEPARATE POLICY-MAKING AND
 STAFF FUNCTIONS
 Sec. 8513.0215.  AGENTS, EMPLOYEES, AND PROFESSIONAL
 CONSULTANTS
 Sec. 8513.0216.  MANAGER
 Sec. 8513.0217.  AUTHORITY'S DOMICILE AND OFFICE
 Sec. 8513.0218.  COMPLAINTS
 Sec. 8513.0219.  PUBLIC TESTIMONY AT BOARD MEETINGS
 Sec. 8513.0220.  CONTRACT WITH BEXAR COUNTY
 SUBCHAPTER C. GENERAL POWERS AND DUTIES
 Sec. 8513.0301.  GENERAL POWERS
 Sec. 8513.0302.  TITLE AND RIGHT TO CONTROL; TRUST
 Sec. 8513.0303.  POWERS RELATING TO CONSERVATION AND
 BENEFICIAL USE OF WATER
 Sec. 8513.0304.  POWERS REGARDING CANALS, WATERWAYS, AND
 RELATED FACILITIES
 Sec. 8513.0305.  FEDERALLY CONSTRUCTED OR MAINTAINED
 CANALS, WATERWAYS, AND FACILITIES
 Sec. 8513.0306.  POWER TO CONTROL, DEVELOP, STORE, AND USE
 WATER FOR NAVIGATIONAL USE
 Sec. 8513.0307.  POWERS RELATING TO PARKS, RECREATIONAL
 FACILITIES, AND PRESERVATION OF FISH AND WILDLIFE
 Sec. 8513.0308.  POWERS RELATING TO FLOOD CONTROL AND FLOOD
 PLAIN MANAGEMENT
 Sec. 8513.0309.  ACQUISITION OF WATER OR WATER RIGHTS
 Sec. 8513.0310.  GENERAL WATER SUPPLY POWERS
 Sec. 8513.0311.  CONTRACTS TO SUPPLY WATER AND OPERATE
 FACILITIES
 Sec. 8513.0312.  POWERS RELATING TO SOIL CONSERVATION
 Sec. 8513.0313.  WASTE MANAGEMENT
 Sec. 8513.0314.  POLLUTION PREVENTION
 Sec. 8513.0315.  FORESTATION AND REFORESTATION
 Sec. 8513.0316.  GENERAL AUTHORITY TO MAKE CONTRACTS AND
 EXECUTE INSTRUMENTS
 Sec. 8513.0317.  AWARD OF CERTAIN WATER SUPPLY CONTRACTS
 Sec. 8513.0318.  AWARD OF CERTAIN CONSTRUCTION AND SERVICE
 CONTRACTS
 Sec. 8513.0319.  ACQUISITION, MAINTENANCE, AND OPERATION OF
 PROPERTY; EMINENT DOMAIN
 Sec. 8513.0320.  PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS AND SURVEYS
 Sec. 8513.0321.  SALE, LEASE, MORTGAGE, OR OTHER DISPOSITION
 OF AUTHORITY PROPERTY
 Sec. 8513.0322.  OVERFLOW OR INUNDATION OF PUBLIC PROPERTY;
 RELOCATION OF ROADS
 Sec. 8513.0323.  COST OF RELOCATING OR ALTERING PROPERTY
 Sec. 8513.0324.  CONSTRUCTION, MAINTENANCE, AND OPERATION
 OF FACILITIES
 Sec. 8513.0325.  FRANCHISES AND RIGHTS RELATING TO NAVIGABLE
 CANALS AND WATERWAYS
 Sec. 8513.0326.  CONCESSIONS AND FRANCHISES RELATING TO
 WORKS OF IMPROVEMENT, PARKS, RECREATIONAL FACILITIES, AND FISH OR
 WILDLIFE PRESERVES AND RESERVES
 Sec. 8513.0327.  OFFICIAL NEWSPAPER
 Sec. 8513.0328.  AUTHORITY CONSTABULARY
 Sec. 8513.0329.  STATE SUPERVISION AND APPROVAL
 Sec. 8513.0330.  COORDINATION WITH NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION
 SUBCHAPTER D. REGULATORY POWERS; ENFORCEMENT AND COURT REVIEW
 PROVISIONS
 Sec. 8513.0401.  ADOPTION OF RULES
 Sec. 8513.0402.  ENFORCEMENT OF RULES; PENALTY
 Sec. 8513.0403.  NOTICE OF RULE PROVIDING PENALTY
 Sec. 8513.0404.  JUDICIAL NOTICE OF RULES
 Sec. 8513.0405.  RECOVERY OF LITIGATION FEES AND COSTS
 Sec. 8513.0406.  APPEAL BOND NOT REQUIRED
 SUBCHAPTER E. GENERAL FINANCIAL PROVISIONS
 Sec. 8513.0501.  OBLIGATION PAYABLE
 Sec. 8513.0502.  FISCAL YEAR
 SUBCHAPTER F. TAX PROVISIONS
 Sec. 8513.0601.  MAINTENANCE AND ADMINISTRATION TAX
 Sec. 8513.0602.  ELECTION FOR AD VALOREM TAX
 Sec. 8513.0603.  PUBLIC HEARING; NOTICE
 Sec. 8513.0604.  MAXIMUM TAX RATE
 Sec. 8513.0605.  ASSESSMENT AND COLLECTION OF TAXES
 Sec. 8513.0606.  LEGISLATIVE INTENT
 Sec. 8513.0607.  APPLICABILITY
 SUBCHAPTER G. BONDS, BORROWED MONEY, AND GRANTS
 Sec. 8513.0701.  BORROWED MONEY AND GRANTS
 Sec. 8513.0702.  POWER TO ISSUE BONDS
 Sec. 8513.0703.  TERMS OF ISSUANCE
 Sec. 8513.0704.  DEPOSIT OF PROCEEDS
 Sec. 8513.0705.  RESOLUTION PROVISIONS
 Sec. 8513.0706.  DEFAULT PROCEDURES
 Sec. 8513.0707.  POWER OF AUTHORITY TO PURCHASE BONDS ISSUED
 BY AUTHORITY
 Sec. 8513.0708.  BONDS EXEMPT FROM TAXATION
 SUBCHAPTER H. POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT
 Sec. 8513.0801.  POWER TO ESTABLISH POLLUTION CONTROL
 DISTRICT
 Sec. 8513.0802.  RESOLUTION PROCEDURES CALLING FOR CREATION
 OF POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT
 Sec. 8513.0803.  PUBLIC HEARING ON CREATION OF POLLUTION
 CONTROL DISTRICT; NOTICE
 Sec. 8513.0804.  PUBLIC TESTIMONY ON CREATION OF POLLUTION
 CONTROL DISTRICT
 Sec. 8513.0805.  MAINTENANCE TAX AND BOND ELECTION FOR
 POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT
 Sec. 8513.0806.  JUDICIAL REVIEW OF RESOLUTION CALLING FOR
 CREATION OF POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT
 Sec. 8513.0807.  FILING REQUIREMENT
 Sec. 8513.0808.  POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT TERRITORY
 Sec. 8513.0809.  ANNEXATION OF TERRITORY TO POLLUTION
 CONTROL DISTRICT
 Sec. 8513.0810.  POWER TO ISSUE BONDS; TAX FOR POLLUTION
 CONTROL DISTRICT
 CHAPTER 8513. SAN ANTONIO RIVER AUTHORITY
 SUBCHAPTER A. GENERAL PROVISIONS
 Sec. 8513.0101.  DEFINITIONS. In this chapter:
 (1)  "Authority" means the San Antonio River Authority.
 (2)  "Board" means the authority's board of directors.
 (3)  "Commission" means the Texas Commission on
 Environmental Quality.
 (4)  "Director" means a board member.
 (5)  "Flood plain" means the area of the channel of a river or
 stream and those portions of land abutting and adjacent to the
 channel that are reasonably required to carry floodwaters.
 (6)  "San Antonio River Basin" means all of the area except
 for Bandera, Real, and Kerr Counties that has topographic
 characteristics causing surface waters to flow into the San Antonio
 River and its tributaries.
 (7)  "State" means the State of Texas or any of its agencies,
 departments, boards, political subdivisions, or other entities.
 Sec. 8513.0102.  NATURE OF AUTHORITY. (a) The authority is
 a conservation and reclamation district under Section 59, Article
 XVI, Texas Constitution.
 (b)  The authority's creation is essential to accomplish the
 purposes of Section 59, Article XVI, Texas Constitution, including:
 (1)  construction, maintenance, and operation of
 navigable canals and waterways; and
 (2)  control of the waters of all rivers, streams, and
 tributaries of rivers and streams inside the authority.
 Sec. 8513.0103.  FINDINGS OF BENEFIT AND PUBLIC PURPOSE.
 All land included in the authority will benefit by the exercise of
 power conferred by this chapter.
 Sec. 8513.0104.  REVIEW SCHEDULE UNDER SUNSET ACT. A review
 of the authority under Section 325.025, Government Code, shall be
 conducted as if the authority were a state agency scheduled to be
 abolished September 1, 2035, and every 12th year after that year.
 Sec. 8513.0105.  TERRITORY. Unless modified under
 Subchapter J, Chapter 49, Water Code, or other law, the authority's
 territory includes all of that part of this state in the boundaries
 of Bexar, Wilson, Karnes, and Goliad Counties.
 Sec. 8513.0106.  EFFECT OF CHAPTER ON CERTAIN PERSONS OR
 ENTITIES. (a) If any power granted to the authority by this chapter
 overlaps or conflicts with any power of the Guadalupe-Blanco River
 Authority, as created by Chapter 410 (H.B. 138), Acts of the 44th
 Legislature, 1st Called Session, 1935, the power granted to the
 Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority supersedes the power granted to
 the authority by this chapter, unless the Guadalupe-Blanco River
 Authority consents to the authority's exercise of the power.
 (b)  No provision of this chapter divests any person of any
 vested:
 (1)  riparian right;
 (2)  right derived under an existing permit for the
 appropriation and use of public waters issued by the commission; or
 (3)  right derived under any certified filing with the
 commission.
 Sec. 8513.0107.  LIBERAL CONSTRUCTION OF CHAPTER. This
 chapter shall be liberally construed to effect its purposes.
 Sec. 8513.0108.  CORRECTION OF INVALID PROCEDURES. If the
 board determines that any procedure under this chapter violates the
 Texas Constitution or the United States Constitution, the board by
 ordinance may provide an alternative procedure that conforms with
 the constitution.
 SUBCHAPTER B. BOARD OF DIRECTORS; ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS
 Sec. 8513.0201.  DIRECTORS; TERMS; QUALIFICATIONS. (a) The
 board consists of 12 directors elected as follows:
 (1)  two directors elected at large from Goliad County;
 (2)  two directors elected at large from Karnes County;
 (3)  two directors elected at large from Wilson County;
 (4)  two directors elected at large from Bexar County;
 and
 (5)  one director elected from each single-member
 district representing the four county commissioner precincts in
 Bexar County.
 (b)  Directors serve staggered four-year terms. An elected
 director's term begins January 1 following the date of the
 director's election.
 (c)  A director must:
 (1)  be at least 21 years of age;
 (2)  reside within the authority;
 (3)  reside in the county from which the director is
 elected or appointed; and
 (4)  possess the qualifications of a juror.
 (d)  A director elected from a single-member district must
 reside in the district from which the director is elected.
 Sec. 8513.0202.  DIRECTOR ELECTIONS. (a) The authority
 shall hold an election to elect the appropriate number of directors
 on the uniform election date in November of each odd-numbered year.
 (b)  The placing of the names of the candidates on the
 ballots shall be determined by lot. A candidate or a designated
 representative of the candidate may be present at the drawing.
 (c)  In the event of a tie for any director position, the
 winner shall be determined by a majority of the board.
 (e)  Directors serving from single-member districts at the
 time new single-member districts are adopted shall serve for the
 remainder of the terms to which they were elected regardless of the
 redistricting.
 Sec. 8513.02025.  CERTAIN DIRECTOR TERMS. (a) This section
 applies only to the term of a director who is appointed or elected
 on or after May 24, 2023.
 (b)  The two at-large director positions for Bexar County
 shall be scheduled for election on the November uniform election
 date in 2023. The person who receives the highest number of votes
 shall be elected to the first at-large Bexar County director
 position and shall serve a four-year term beginning January 1,
 2024, and ending December 31, 2027. An election shall be scheduled
 for that position on the November uniform election date in 2027 and
 every four years thereafter. The person who receives the second
 highest number of votes shall be elected to the second at-large
 Bexar County director position and shall serve a two-year term
 beginning January 1, 2024, and ending December 31, 2025. An
 election shall be scheduled for that position on the November
 uniform election date in 2025 and every four years thereafter for a
 four-year term beginning on January 1 of the year following each
 election.
 (c)  The following director positions shall be scheduled for
 election on the November uniform election date in 2025 and every
 four years thereafter, and the directors elected to each position
 shall serve four-year terms beginning January 1 of the year
 following each election:
 (1)  the single-member district director elected from
 Bexar County commissioners court precinct 1;
 (2)  the single-member district director elected from
 Bexar County commissioners court precinct 2;
 (3)  the at-large director position for Karnes County
 for which an election was held, or scheduled to be held but canceled
 because of an unopposed candidate, in November 2019;
 (4)  the at-large director position for Goliad County
 for which an election was held, or scheduled to be held but canceled
 because of an unopposed candidate, in November 2019; and
 (5)  the at-large director position for Wilson County
 for which an election was held, or scheduled to be held but canceled
 because of an unopposed candidate, in November 2019.
 (d)  The following director positions shall be scheduled for
 election on the November uniform election date in 2027 and every
 four years thereafter, and the directors elected to those director
 positions shall serve four-year terms beginning January 1 of the
 year following each election:
 (1)  the single-member district director elected from
 Bexar County commissioners court precinct 3;
 (2)  the single-member district director elected from
 Bexar County commissioners court precinct 4;
 (3)  the at-large director position for Karnes County
 for which an election was held, or scheduled to be held but canceled
 because of an unopposed candidate, in November 2021;
 (4)  the at-large director position for Goliad County
 for which an election was held, or scheduled to be held but canceled
 because of an unopposed candidate, in November 2021; and
 (5)  the at-large director position for Wilson County
 for which an election was held, or scheduled to be held but canceled
 because of an unopposed candidate, in November 2021.
 (e)  The members of the board of directors serving in the
 director positions described by Subsections (b), (c), and (d) on
 May 23, 2023, shall continue to serve until their successors have
 been elected and qualified.
 (f)  This section expires September 1, 2029.
 Sec. 8513.0203.  SUSPENSION AND REMOVAL. (a) A director or
 officer may be suspended or removed from office for:
 (1)  incompetency;
 (2)  official misconduct;
 (3)  official gross negligence;
 (4)  habitual drunkenness; or
 (5)  nonattendance at six consecutive regular board
 meetings.
 (b)  A director or officer may not be suspended or removed
 from office unless:
 (1)  charges against the director or officer are filed
 in writing; and
 (2)  the director or officer is given an opportunity
 for a fair hearing before the board.
 (c)  An affirmative vote of not fewer than eight of the
 directors is required to suspend or remove a director or officer.
 Sec. 8513.0204.  VACANCY. The governor, with the advice and
 consent of the senate, shall fill a vacancy on the board for the
 unexpired term.
 Sec. 8513.0205.  BYLAWS. The board shall adopt bylaws for
 the management of the authority's affairs.
 Sec. 8513.0206.  ORDINANCES. (a) The board may, by a
 majority and to the extent necessary to exercise the authority's
 powers and rights, adopt an ordinance:
 (1)  not adequately provided by Chapters 49 or 51,
 Water Code;
 (2)  germane and appropriate to the accomplishment and
 purposes of this chapter; and
 (3)  consistent with a specific power conferred on a
 county, municipality, water improvement district, water control
 and improvement district, drainage district, navigation district,
 canal corporation, channel and dock corporation, deep water
 corporation, railway corporation, terminal railway corporation,
 telegraph and telephone corporation, or other similar entity.
 (b)  The board is not required to provide notice before
 adopting an ordinance, except as otherwise required for a regular
 or special board meeting.
 (c)  The board:
 (1)  shall file an adopted ordinance in the authority's
 official records; and
 (2)  may, if the board considers it necessary and
 proper:
 (A)  file certified copies of the ordinance in the
 office of the county clerk in each county in the authority where the
 ordinance applies; or
 (B)  publish the ordinance at least once per week
 for two weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in each county
 where the ordinance applies.
 (d)  An adopted ordinance takes effect after the filing
 requirements of Subsection (c) are met.
 (e)  After an ordinance takes effect, the county clerk shall
 file and record all certified copies of the ordinance in the county.
 The county clerk shall charge the same fee for filing and recording
 the ordinance as for recording a deed of conveyance.
 (f)  An ordinance granting a power or mode of procedure
 adopted under this section does not limit the accomplishment of the
 purposes of this chapter.
 Sec. 8513.0207.  BOND REQUIREMENT FOR DIRECTORS AND
 OFFICERS. (a) Not later than the 15th day after the date of
 election or appointment, a director or officer shall file a good and
 sufficient bond with the board secretary.
 (b)  The bond must be:
 (1)  in the amount of $5,000;
 (2)  payable to the authority;
 (3)  conditioned on the faithful performance of duties
 as a director or officer; and
 (4)  subject to approval by the board secretary.
 Sec. 8513.0208.  FILING OF OATH. Before assuming the duties
 of office, each director shall file with the board secretary a copy
 of the constitutional oath of office taken by the director.
 Sec. 8513.0209.  COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS. (a) A director
 is entitled to receive reimbursement for reasonable expenses and an
 allowance as provided under Section 49.060, Water Code.
 (b)  A director is not entitled to receive a per diem
 allowance for more than 60 days in a fiscal year.
 (c)  In all areas of conflict with this section, Section
 49.060, Water Code, takes precedence.
 Sec. 8513.0210.  CERTAIN INTERESTS PROHIBITED. (a) A
 director may not engage in a transaction with the authority for gain
 or profit.
 (b)  An officer of the authority may not have any interest,
 direct or indirect, in any contract awarded by the authority.
 Sec. 8513.0211.  OFFICERS. (a) The board shall appoint by
 majority vote a chair, a vice-chair, a secretary, a treasurer, and
 other officers or assistant officers the board considers necessary.
 (b)  The chair, the vice-chair, the secretary, and the
 treasurer must each be a director. Assistant officers are not
 required to be directors.
 (c)  An officer shall serve a term of two years.
 (d)  A non-director assistant officer:
 (1)  holds office at the pleasure of the board; and
 (2)  may be granted limited powers in the authority
 bylaws.
 (e)  The authority may appoint officers, prescribe their
 duties, and set their compensation.
 Sec. 8513.0212.  DIRECTOR TRAINING PROGRAM. (a) A person
 who is elected or appointed to and qualifies for office as a
 director may not vote, deliberate, or be counted as a director in
 attendance at a board meeting until the person completes a training
 program that complies with this section.
 (b)  The training program must provide the person with
 information regarding:
 (1)  the law governing authority operations;
 (2)  the authority's programs, functions, rules, and
 budget;
 (3)  the scope of and limitations on the rulemaking
 authority of the board;
 (4)  the results of the authority's most recent formal
 audit;
 (5)  the requirements of:
 (A)  laws relating to open meetings, public
 information, administrative procedure, and disclosure of conflicts
 of interest; and
 (B)  other laws applicable to members of the
 governing body of a river authority in performing their duties; and
 (6)  any applicable ethics policies adopted by the
 authority or the Texas Ethics Commission.
 (c)  A person elected or appointed to the board is entitled
 to reimbursement for the travel expenses incurred in attending the
 training program regardless of whether the attendance at the
 program occurs before or after the person qualifies for office.
 (d)  The manager of the authority shall create a training
 manual that includes the information required by Subsection (b).
 The manager shall distribute a copy of the training manual annually
 to each director. Each director shall sign and submit to the manager
 a statement acknowledging that the director has received and
 reviewed the training manual.
 Sec. 8513.0213.  MEETINGS. (a) Regular and special board
 meetings shall be held as provided by general law and the bylaws.
 (b)  Notice of regular and special board meetings shall be
 given as required by general law and the bylaws.
 (c)  All meetings of the board shall be open to the public.
 Sec. 8513.0214.  POLICIES TO SEPARATE POLICY-MAKING AND
 STAFF FUNCTIONS. The board shall develop and implement policies
 that clearly separate the board's policy-making responsibilities
 and the management responsibilities of the manager and authority
 staff.
 Sec. 8513.0215.  AGENTS, EMPLOYEES, AND PROFESSIONAL
 CONSULTANTS. (a) The authority may appoint agents, employees, and
 professional consultants, prescribe their duties, and set their
 compensation.
 (b)  An agent, employee, or professional consultant may not
 have any interest, direct or indirect, in any contract awarded by
 the authority.
 Sec. 8513.0216.  MANAGER. (a) The board may employ a
 manager to be the authority's chief executive officer.
 (b)  The board shall set the compensation to be paid to the
 manager.
 (c)  The manager shall employ and supervise, subject to
 policies promulgated by the Board, all employees, agents,
 accountants, attorneys, engineers and others rendering
 professional services to the authority. The manager may execute on
 behalf of the authority, without specific board authorization, a
 contract for which competitive bidding is not required. The manager
 may execute any other contract with specific board authorization.
 Sec. 8513.0217.  AUTHORITY'S DOMICILE AND OFFICE. The
 general office and place of domicile of the authority shall be in
 the City of San Antonio, Bexar County.
 Sec. 8513.0218.  COMPLAINTS. (a) The authority shall
 maintain a system to act promptly and efficiently on complaints
 filed with the authority.
 (b)  The authority shall maintain information about:
 (1)  the parties to the complaint;
 (2)  the subject matter of the complaint;
 (3)  a summary of the results of the review or
 investigation of the complaint; and
 (4)  the complaint's disposition.
 (c)  The authority shall periodically notify the parties to
 the complaint of the complaint's status until final disposition
 unless the notice would jeopardize an investigation.
 (d)  The authority shall make information available
 describing its procedures for complaint investigation and
 resolution.
 Sec. 8513.0219.  PUBLIC TESTIMONY AT BOARD MEETINGS. The
 board shall develop and implement policies that provide the public
 with a reasonable opportunity to appear before the board and to
 speak on any issue under the jurisdiction of the authority.
 Sec. 8513.0220.  CONTRACT WITH BEXAR COUNTY. (a) This
 section applies only to a contract between the authority and the
 Commissioners Court of Bexar County entered into before May 26,
 1961, to finance the construction of certain flood control and soil
 conservation works of improvement in Bexar County.
 (b)  Except as provided by Subsection (c), the authority may
 not spend any income or revenue derived from the contract for a
 purpose other than a purpose specifically provided for by the
 contract.
 (c)  The board may allocate a reasonable amount of income or
 revenue derived from the contract to pay for:
 (1)  authority overhead costs;
 (2)  operational costs; and
 (3)  fees of directors who reside in Bexar County.
 SUBCHAPTER C. GENERAL POWERS AND DUTIES
 Sec. 8513.0301.  GENERAL POWERS. (a) The authority shall:
 (1)  administer this chapter; and
 (2)  use the authority's facilities and powers to
 accomplish the purposes of this chapter.
 (b)  The authority may:
 (1)  exercise the powers, rights, privileges, and
 functions in this chapter;
 (2)  exercise all powers, rights, privileges, and
 functions necessary or convenient for accomplishing the purposes of
 this chapter; and
 (3)  perform any other act necessary or convenient to
 the exercise of the powers, rights, privileges, and functions
 conferred by this chapter or other law.
 (c)  The authority has the powers and rights and is subject
 to the regulations for government and procedure contained in
 Chapters 49 and 51, Water Code.
 (d)  The authority may spend any amount reasonably necessary
 or expedient for seeking cooperation from the federal government or
 any other person in accomplishing the purposes of this chapter.
 Sec. 8513.0302.  TITLE AND RIGHT TO CONTROL; TRUST. (a) The
 authority is vested with such title and right of control to the
 extent the state has, or may have, title and right of control of:
 (1)  the natural bed and banks of the entirety of the
 San Antonio River;
 (2)  a tributary of the San Antonio River inside the
 authority; and
 (3)  the natural beds and banks of any navigable stream
 or tributary inside the authority.
 (b)  The authority's title and right of control shall be in
 trust for the accomplishment of the purposes of this chapter.
 (c)  The authority may use or dispose of land or rights,
 including any proceeds, income, revenue, or trading values received
 from the use or disposition, that may be reasonably required for or
 aid the accomplishment of the purposes of this chapter.
 Sec. 8513.0303.  POWERS RELATING TO CONSERVATION AND
 BENEFICIAL USE OF WATER. (a) The authority has the powers of this
 state under Section 59, Article XVI, Texas Constitution, to:
 (1)  effectuate:
 (A)  the construction, maintenance, and operation
 of navigable canals or waterways;
 (B)  flood control;
 (C)  the conservation and use of ground, storm,
 flood, and unappropriated flow waters in the authority for all
 beneficial purposes;
 (D)  irrigation;
 (E)  soil conservation;
 (F)  sewage treatment;
 (G)  pollution prevention; and
 (H)  forestation and reforestation;
 (2)  encourage and develop parks and recreational
 facilities;
 (3)  preserve fish; and
 (4)  do all things that are required to accomplish the
 purposes of this section.
 (b)  The powers described by Subsection (a) are subject only
 to:
 (1)  the legislature's policy declarations regarding
 water use;
 (2)  the commission's continuing supervision and
 control;
 (3)  the provisions of Section 11.024, Water Code,
 prescribing the priorities of water uses; and
 (4)  the water rights acquired by municipalities and
 other users.
 (c)  The authority shall store and conserve to the greatest
 beneficial use the storm, flood, and unappropriated flow waters of
 any river or stream or tributary of a river or stream within the
 authority to prevent the escape of water without maximum beneficial
 use inside or outside the authority's boundaries.
 Sec. 8513.0304.  POWERS REGARDING CANALS, WATERWAYS, AND
 RELATED FACILITIES. The authority may:
 (1)  promote, construct, maintain and operate, make
 practicable, or aid and encourage the construction, maintenance,
 and operation of navigable canals or waterways and all navigational
 systems or facilities auxiliary to navigable canals or waterways
 using the natural bed and banks of the San Antonio River, where
 practicable, and then traversing a route the authority may find to
 be more feasible and practicable to connect the San Antonio River
 with any new navigable canals to be constructed in the lower reaches
 of the San Antonio River or to connect the San Antonio River with
 the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, the San Antonio Bay, or the Gulf of
 Mexico;
 (2)  construct a system of artificial waterways and canals,
 together with all locks and other works, structures, and artificial
 facilities as may be necessary and convenient for the construction,
 maintenance, and operation of:
 (A)  navigable canals or waterways; and
 (B)  all navigational systems and facilities auxiliary
 to navigable canals or waterways; and
 (3)  in the case of construction of navigable canals or
 waterways and all auxiliary navigational systems or facilities by
 the federal government or otherwise:
 (A)  construct, maintain, and operate lateral
 connecting canals and turning basins to serve local needs; and
 (B)  provide, construct, acquire, take over, maintain,
 operate, develop, lease, regulate, or by franchise control wharves,
 docks, warehouses, grain elevators, bunkering facilities, belt or
 terminal railroads, floating plants, lighterage, towing
 facilities, and all other facilities incident to or in aid of the
 efficient operation and development of canals or waterways and all
 navigational systems or auxiliary facilities and ports, whether on
 land or water.
 Sec. 8513.0305.  FEDERALLY CONSTRUCTED OR MAINTAINED
 CANALS, WATERWAYS, AND FACILITIES. If the construction or
 maintenance and operation of navigable canals or waterways and all
 navigational systems or facilities auxiliary to navigable canals or
 waterways on the San Antonio River is taken over by the federal
 government or an agency of the federal government, the authority
 may:
 (1)  enter into contracts that may be required by the federal
 government, including assignments and transfers of property,
 property rights, easements, and privileges; and
 (2)  take any other action required by the federal government
 or an agency of the federal government.
 Sec. 8513.0306.  POWER TO CONTROL, DEVELOP, STORE, AND USE
 WATER FOR NAVIGATIONAL USE. (a) The authority may control,
 develop, store, and use the natural flow and floodwaters of the San
 Antonio River and its tributaries for the purpose of operating and
 maintaining:
 (1)  navigable canals or waterways; and
 (2)  navigational systems or facilities auxiliary to
 navigable canals or waterways.
 (b)  The navigational use of water authorized by Subsection
 (a) is subordinate and incidental to consumptive use of water.
 Sec. 8513.0307.  POWERS RELATING TO PARKS, RECREATIONAL
 FACILITIES, AND PRESERVATION OF FISH AND WILDLIFE. (a) The
 authority may acquire:
 (1)  additional land adjacent to a permanent
 improvement constructed inside the authority for the purpose of
 developing parks or recreational facilities; and
 (2)  necessary rights-of-way to construct, operate,
 and maintain roads necessary for ingress and egress to an area
 described by Subdivision (1) or to a fish or wildlife preserve or
 reserve.
 (b)  The authority may provide recreational facilities and
 services and may enter into a contract or agreement with any person
 for the operation or maintenance of a park or recreational
 facility.
 (c)  The preservation of fish shall be in accordance with any
 rules prescribed by the Parks and Wildlife Department.
 Sec. 8513.0308.  POWERS RELATING TO FLOOD CONTROL AND FLOOD
 PLAIN MANAGEMENT. (a) The authority shall prevent and aid in the
 prevention of damage to persons and property by the overflow of any
 rivers, streams, or tributaries of those rivers and streams within
 the authority.
 (b)  The authority may study, designate, and regulate flood
 plains within the authority.
 Sec. 8513.0309.  ACQUISITION OF WATER OR WATER RIGHTS. (a)
 The authority may acquire water appropriation permits or certified
 filings within or outside the authority directly from the
 commission or from permit owners.
 (b)  The authority may purchase water, water supply
 facilities, or conservation storage capacity from any person.
 Sec. 8513.0310.  GENERAL WATER SUPPLY POWERS.
 (a)  The authority, inside or outside its boundaries, may:
 (1)  construct, acquire, equip, acquire storage rights
 at, operate, or maintain a dam or reservoir;
 (2)  construct, operate, maintain, or otherwise
 provide water supply lines, water purification, and water pumping
 systems and facilities;
 (3)  provide water supply for municipalities,
 including selling water and standby service to any person;
 (4)  provide water for irrigation of lands and the
 development of commercial and industrial enterprises; and
 (5)  acquire storage capacity in any dam constructed or
 to be constructed by or with the assistance of this state or the
 United States from any person, this state, or the United States.
 (b)  The authority may bring water into the authority.
 (c)  It is the intent of this chapter that the authority is
 primarily concerned with the conservation, control, storage,
 distribution, and sale of water in bulk quantities in the public
 interest and only incidentally with the retail sale of water
 insofar as it does not compete with municipal water distributors
 and then only when necessary or convenient as a service to the
 public.
 Sec. 8513.0311.  CONTRACTS TO SUPPLY WATER AND OPERATE
 FACILITIES. (a) The authority may contract with a user of water
 inside or outside the authority for services for which the
 authority may charge, including standby service and delivery of
 water.
 (b)  The authority may contract with any person in the manner
 provided by Section 552.020, Local Government Code, for:
 (1)  constructing:
 (A)  reservoirs;
 (B)  dams;
 (C)  water supply lines; and
 (D)  water purification and pumping facilities;
 and
 (2)  furnishing water supply service.
 (c)  A contract under Subsection (b) may provide for the
 operation, maintenance, and ownership of property subject to the
 contract.
 Sec. 8513.0312.  POWERS RELATING TO SOIL CONSERVATION.
 (a)  The authority may act as a local sponsoring agent for or
 otherwise aid and supplement upstream soil and water conservation
 and flood prevention projects authorized by a state or federal
 agency in conjunction with a soil and water conservation district.
 (b)  The authority may make arrangements satisfactory to the
 United States Secretary of Agriculture to defray the cost of
 maintaining or operating a project under Subsection (a). An
 arrangement made under this section must be in accordance with
 regulations presented by the secretary of agriculture.
 (c)  Any portion of the total construction costs of a project
 described by Subsection (a) allocable to flood control or soil
 conservation shall be paid for or financed by money originating in
 the county in which the project is situated. The money may be of any
 kind, except from a tax imposed under Subchapter F.
 Sec. 8513.0313.  WASTE MANAGEMENT. (a) As a necessary aid
 to the conservation, control, preservation, purification, and
 distribution of surface and ground waters within the authority, the
 authority may, within the San Antonio River Basin:
 (1)  construct, own, operate, maintain, or otherwise
 provide sewage gathering, treatment, and disposal services,
 including solid waste disposal services;
 (2)  charge for services described by Subdivision (1);
 and
 (3)  make contracts with counties, municipalities, and
 others regarding services described by Subdivision (1) or charges
 described by Subdivision (2).
 (b)  The authority may not exercise the powers described by
 Subsection (a) in Kerr, Real, or Bandera County unless consented to
 by a majority vote of the commissioners court of that county.
 Sec. 8513.0314.  POLLUTION PREVENTION. (a) The authority
 may study, correct, and control pollution, including natural,
 artificial, organic, inorganic, and thermal pollution, of the
 groundwater and surface water within the San Antonio River Basin.
 (b)  The authority may not adopt or enforce an ordinance
 regarding pollution in any county outside the authority's
 boundaries.
 Sec. 8513.0315.  FORESTATION AND REFORESTATION. The
 authority may forest, reforest, or aid in foresting or reforesting
 of all areas within the authority.
 Sec. 8513.0316.  GENERAL AUTHORITY TO MAKE CONTRACTS AND
 EXECUTE INSTRUMENTS. The authority may enter into a contract or
 execute an instrument necessary or convenient to exercising a
 power, right, privilege, or function conferred on the authority by
 this chapter.
 Sec. 8513.0317.  AWARD OF CERTAIN WATER SUPPLY CONTRACTS.
 (a) This section applies to:
 (1)  a wholesale contract for:
 (A)  the sale, purchase, procurement,
 distribution, or supply of water or conservation storage capacity;
 or
 (B)  construction of a navigable canal or
 waterway; or
 (2)  a contract authorized under Section 561.003, Local
 Government Code.
 (b)  Before entering into a contract under this section, the
 manager shall publish notice describing the general nature of the
 contract in a newspaper of general circulation in each county
 within the authority where the contract is to have effect.
 (c)  The board may consider and act on a contract at any
 regular board meeting following the last date of publication of
 notice required under this section.
 (d)  The board shall confirm or ratify a contract by a
 majority vote.
 (e)  A contract may be the sole basis or a supplement to the
 basis for securing a bond of the authority.
 Sec. 8513.0318.  AWARD OF CERTAIN CONSTRUCTION AND SERVICE
 CONTRACTS. (a) The board shall award any construction,
 maintenance, operation, or repair contract, contract for the
 purchase of material, equipment, or supplies, or contract for
 services if the contract will require an estimated expenditure of
 more than the maximum amount for which competitive bidding is
 required by Chapter 49, Water Code, to the lowest and best bidder.
 (b)  The board:
 (1)  shall:
 (A)  before awarding a contract under this
 section, publish notice to bidders once each week for two
 consecutive weeks; and
 (B)  adopt bylaws for the publication of notice to
 bidders and any related procedures; and
 (2)  may prescribe the amount of estimated expenditures
 subject to competitive bidding.
 (c)  In the event of an emergency, the authority may award a
 contract necessary to protect and preserve the public health and
 welfare or the authority's property without using bidding
 procedures.
 (d)  A director is ineligible to submit a bid for a contract
 under this section.
 (e)  Notwithstanding this section, the authority may:
 (1)  purchase surplus property from the United States
 by negotiated contract and without advertising for bids; and
 (2)  use any procurement method under:
 (A)  Chapter 49, Water Code; or
 (B)  other applicable general law.
 (f)  This section does not apply to a purchase contract, a
 procurement contract, or a contract described by Section 49.278,
 Water Code.
 Sec. 8513.0319.  ACQUISITION, MAINTENANCE, AND OPERATION OF
 PROPERTY; EMINENT DOMAIN. (a) The authority may acquire by
 purchase, lease, gift, or any other manner and maintain, use, and
 operate property of any kind inside or outside the authority
 necessary to the exercise of the powers, rights, privileges, and
 functions conferred on the authority by this chapter and by the
 exercise of the power of eminent domain in the manner provided by
 Subsection (b).
 (b)  The authority may exercise the power of eminent domain
 in the manner provided by the general law applicable to a district
 created under Section 59, Article XVI, Texas Constitution.
 (c)  The authority's authority under this section to
 exercise the power of eminent domain expired on September 1, 2013,
 unless the authority submitted a letter to the comptroller in
 accordance with Section 2206.101(b), Government Code, not later
 than December 31, 2012.
 Sec. 8513.0320.  PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS AND SURVEYS.
 (a) The authority may make preliminary investigations and surveys
 in the manner and for the purposes specified in Chapters 49 and 51,
 Water Code, or other applicable general law.
 (b)  The authority may make a preliminary investigation or
 survey independently at its own cost or jointly with others or may
 contribute to the cost of a preliminary investigation or survey
 made by another.
 (c)  For purposes of procuring cooperation by the federal
 government, any project lawfully within the scope of the purposes
 of this chapter may be approved for construction as a federal
 project under such contractual terms as may be demanded by the
 United States Congress.
 Sec. 8513.0321.  SALE, LEASE, MORTGAGE, OR OTHER DISPOSITION
 OF AUTHORITY PROPERTY. (a) The authority may not:
 (1)  mortgage or otherwise encumber authority property
 of any kind, or any interest in authority property; or
 (2)  acquire any property or interest in property
 subject to a mortgage or conditional sale.
 (b)  Subsection (a) does not prevent pledging authority
 revenue or income of any kind, except an ad valorem tax imposed by
 the authority under Section 8513.0601.
 (c)  This chapter does not authorize the sale, lease, or
 other disposition of authority property of any kind, or an interest
 in authority property, by the authority or a receiver of any
 authority property unless authorized under this chapter or
 applicable general law.
 (d)  Notwithstanding Subsection (c), the authority may sell
 or otherwise dispose of authority property of any kind, or an
 interest in authority property, if the board, by the affirmative
 vote of a majority of members of the board present at a regular or
 special meeting, determines that the property or interest is not
 convenient to the business of the authority and is surplus.
 (e)  The board shall publish notice of a proposed sale once
 each week for two consecutive weeks in a newspaper of general
 circulation in the county or counties where the property or
 interest is located if:
 (1)  the appraised value of the property or interest
 exceeds $5,000; and
 (2)  the property or interest is not partial or total
 consideration in a transaction for the exchange of property.
 (f)  Authority property is exempt from forced sale. The sale
 of authority property under a judgment rendered in a suit is
 prohibited.
 Sec. 8513.0322.  OVERFLOW OR INUNDATION OF PUBLIC PROPERTY;
 RELOCATION OF ROADS. The authority may overflow and inundate any
 public land or public property and require the relocation of a road
 or highway in the manner and to the extent permitted to a district
 organized under general law pursuant to Section 59, Article XVI,
 Texas Constitution.
 Sec. 8513.0323.  COST OF RELOCATING OR ALTERING PROPERTY.
 If the authority's exercise of the power of eminent domain, the
 power of relocation, or any other power granted by this chapter
 makes necessary relocating, raising, rerouting, changing the grade
 of, or altering the construction of a railroad or street railway,
 the necessary action shall be accomplished at the authority's sole
 expense.
 Sec. 8513.0324.  CONSTRUCTION, MAINTENANCE, AND OPERATION
 OF FACILITIES. The authority may construct, extend, improve,
 maintain, and reconstruct, cause to be constructed, extended,
 improved, maintained, and reconstructed, and use and operate
 facilities of any kind necessary or convenient to the exercise of
 the authority's powers, rights, privileges, and functions.
 Sec. 8513.0325.  FRANCHISES AND RIGHTS RELATING TO NAVIGABLE
 CANALS AND WATERWAYS. (a) The authority may grant a franchise or
 right to any person for the use of navigable canals or waterways and
 all auxiliary navigational systems or facilities to aid navigation
 of navigable canals or waterways of the San Antonio River.
 (b)  Unless granted a franchise by the authority, a person
 may not provide, maintain, or operate a facility of aid of
 navigation connected with a navigable canal or waterway described
 by Subsection (a) or an auxiliary navigational system or facility
 that is intended for public use.
 (c)  The board may grant a franchise by ordinance. A
 franchise:
 (1)  may not exceed a term of 50 years; and
 (2)  may be for the design, construction, repair,
 enlargement, alteration, maintenance, operation of, and service
 from or use of any facility to be provided for use in navigation on
 navigable canals or waterways and all auxiliary navigational
 systems or facilities, whether on land or in or on water.
 (d)  An ordinance granting a franchise:
 (1)  must:
 (A)  contain provisions:
 (i)  adequate to regulate the fees, tolls,
 rates, or exactions to be demanded for the use of, or service to be
 rendered by any means or facility to be provided or operated under,
 the franchise; and
 (ii)  reasonably required to procure service
 adequate to serve the public necessity and convenience; and
 (B)  be uniform, reasonable, and without
 discrimination against any person with regard to any charges or
 conditions of use or service; and
 (2)  may:
 (A)  contain provisions for the payment of
 reasonable fees or other charges to be paid to the authority; and
 (B)  provide reasonable and commensurate
 penalties as provided by Section 49.004, Water Code, to procure
 observance of the conditions of a franchise granted or compliance
 with the rules established by the ordinance.
 (e)  The board may:
 (1)  require uniform and adequate analytic accounting
 systems and forms and periodic reports based on those systems and
 forms;
 (2)  audit a franchise holder;
 (3)  provide for other reasonable regulations designed
 to protect the public; and
 (4)  by ordinance:
 (A)  establish rules necessary or designed to:
 (i)  protect physical property owned by the
 authority or owned or operated by a franchise holder; or
 (ii)  effect the safety or efficient use of
 property described by Subparagraph (i); and
 (B)  provide for reasonable and commensurate
 penalties for a violation of this section, as provided by Section
 49.004, Water Code.
 (f)  Unless otherwise provided, a franchise granted under
 this section may only be revoked or suspended by order of a district
 court within the county in which the authority may maintain its
 general office.
 Sec. 8513.0326.  CONCESSIONS AND FRANCHISES RELATING TO
 WORKS OF IMPROVEMENT, PARKS, RECREATIONAL FACILITIES, AND FISH OR
 WILDLIFE PRESERVES AND RESERVES. The authority my grant to any
 person a concession or franchise on the premises of any work of
 improvement, park, recreational facility, or fish or wildlife
 preserve or reserve.
 Sec. 8513.0327.  OFFICIAL NEWSPAPER. The authority may
 designate an official newspaper in each county in the authority. An
 official newspaper must have general circulation in the county in
 which the newspaper is situated.
 Sec. 8513.0328.  AUTHORITY CONSTABULARY. (a) The authority
 may constitute and maintain an independent constabulary.
 (b)  A constabulary constituted under this section is
 subject to the oath and bond requirements of a county sheriff under
 Section 85.001, Local Government Code.
 (c)  A constabulary shall police authority property and
 facilities controlled by the authority.
 (d)  A constabulary may make arrests:
 (1)  to prevent injury to authority property and
 facilities controlled by the authority or for a violation of a penal
 ordinance of the authority; and
 (2)  inside or outside the authority, upon complaint or
 indictment for a violation of a penal ordinance of the authority.
 Sec. 8513.0329.  STATE SUPERVISION AND APPROVAL. (a) The
 commission shall cooperate with the authority to:
 (1)  make investigations and plans; and
 (2)  to the extent provided by Subsection (b), approve
 investigations and plans for improvements provided by the
 authority.
 (b)  This section applies only to commission approval of
 plans that are appropriate under general law.
 (c)  Except for a plan regarding the use of water that is
 permitted by the state, a plan for improvements adopted by the
 federal government controls.
 Sec. 8513.0330.  COORDINATION WITH NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION.
 (a) In this section, "affiliated nonprofit organization" means a
 nonprofit organization:
 (1)  created by the authority; or
 (2)  for which the authority, board, or authority
 employees have a right to appoint one or more of the members of the
 nonprofit organization's governing body.
 (b)  The authority may contract or otherwise coordinate with
 a nonprofit organization, including an affiliated nonprofit
 organization, to accomplish the purposes of the authority.
 (c)  Directors may not constitute a majority of the board of
 directors or other governing body of an affiliated nonprofit
 organization. An authority employee may not serve on the board of
 directors or other governing body of an affiliated nonprofit
 organization.
 (d)  The board shall develop a policy regarding fund-raising
 activities of a nonprofit organization that enters into a contract
 or otherwise coordinates with the authority. The policy must:
 (1)  include acceptable and prohibited fund-raising
 activities;
 (2)  specify how fund-raising is conducted and
 supervised; and
 (3)  include criteria for seeking and selecting
 corporate sponsors to ensure that sponsorships serve the public
 interest and are consistent with the purposes of the authority.
 (e)  A memorandum of understanding between the authority and
 an affiliated nonprofit organization entered into under this
 section must include the policy developed under Subsection (d).
 SUBCHAPTER D. REGULATORY POWERS; ENFORCEMENT AND COURT REVIEW
 PROVISIONS
 Sec. 8513.0401.  ADOPTION OF RULES. The authority may by
 ordinance adopt reasonable rules to:
 (1)  carry out this chapter;
 (2)  protect and secure authority property and works of
 improvement; and
 (3)  regulate pollution, residence, hunting, fishing,
 boating, and camping, and any other recreational and business
 privileges on any navigable river or reservoir in the authority or
 on any land owned by the authority.
 Sec. 8513.0402.  ENFORCEMENT OF RULES; PENALTY. The
 authority by rule may prescribe reasonable and commensurate
 penalties for the violation of an authority rule, as provided by
 Section 49.004, Water Code.
 Sec. 8513.0403.  NOTICE OF RULE PROVIDING PENALTY. (a) If
 the authority adopts a rule that provides a penalty, the authority
 must publish a substantive statement of the rule and the penalty
 once a week for two consecutive weeks in a newspaper of general
 circulation in each county in which the rule applies.
 (b)  The substantive statement must be as condensed as
 possible so that the act prohibited by the rule can be easily
 understood.
 (c)  The statement may include notice of any number of rules.
 (d)  The notice must state that:
 (1)  a person who violates the rule is subject to a
 penalty; and
 (2)  the rule is on file in the authority's principal
 office, where the rule may be read by any interested person.
 (e)  A rule takes effect five days after the date of second
 publication of the statement under this section.
 Sec. 8513.0404.  JUDICIAL NOTICE OF RULES. A court shall
 take judicial notice of a rule adopted under this subchapter and
 published as required by Section 8513.0403.
 Sec. 8513.0405.  RECOVERY OF LITIGATION FEES AND COSTS.
 Section 49.004, Water Code, governs recovery of fees for attorneys,
 expert witnesses, and other court costs incurred by the authority
 in any suit by the authority to enforce its rules.
 Sec. 8513.0406.  APPEAL BOND NOT REQUIRED. The authority is
 not required to give bond on any appeal from judgment in any court.
 SUBCHAPTER E. GENERAL FINANCIAL PROVISIONS
 Sec. 8513.0501.  OBLIGATION PAYABLE. A debt, liability, or
 obligation of the authority for the payment of money, however
 entered into or incurred and whether arising from an express or
 implied contract or otherwise, is payable solely:
 (1)  out of the revenue received by the authority with
 respect to its properties; or
 (2)  from any other money or income from any source
 coming into the authority's possession, including proceeds of sale
 of bonds.
 Sec. 8513.0502.  FISCAL YEAR. The authority's fiscal year
 ends on September 30 of each year.
 SUBCHAPTER F. TAX PROVISIONS
 Sec. 8513.0601.  MAINTENANCE AND ADMINISTRATION TAX. (a)
 The authority may impose ad valorem taxes throughout the territory
 of the authority in amounts approved at an election held in
 accordance with Section 8511.0602 for:
 (1)  the maintenance of the authority and its
 improvements;
 (2)  general administration; or
 (3)  planning and other services with respect to any of
 the purposes, rights, privileges, and functions of the authority.
 (b)  An ad valorem tax imposed by the authority may not:
 (1)  be used to pay for or finance:
 (A)  the construction of a dam, reservoir, levee,
 channel, pipeline, or other major physical work of the authority;
 (B)  the cost or expenses of a right-of-way
 acquisition; or
 (C)  damages awarded by a court for a suit brought
 under Section 17, Article I, Texas Constitution; or
 (2)  be pledged to the issue or redemption of bonds
 authorized under Section 8513.0702.
 (c)  The maintenance tax and administration tax may not
 exceed the maximum rate approved at the election. The tax rate may
 not exceed the limit specified by Section 8513.0604.
 Sec. 8513.0602.  ELECTION FOR AD VALOREM TAX. (a) The board
 may impose an ad valorem tax within the maximum tax rate for a
 purpose authorized by this chapter if the taxes are approved at an
 election held in the authority by a majority of the votes cast:
 (1)  throughout the authority; and
 (2)  in any three counties in the authority.
 (b)  The election must be ordered by ordinance of the board.
 The ordinance must include for each applicable county in the
 authority the polling places in that county where the election is to
 be held.
 Sec. 8513.0603.  PUBLIC HEARING; NOTICE. (a) If the board
 orders an election under Section 8513.0602, the board must hold a
 public hearing in each county in the authority to discuss the
 proposed tax issue.
 (b)  Each public hearing must be held:
 (1)  not fewer than 10 days before the date of the
 scheduled election; and
 (2)  not more than 25 days before the date of the
 scheduled election.
 (c)  Notice of the public hearing must be given by publishing
 the notice in at least one newspaper of general circulation in each
 county where the hearing is to be held. The notice must:
 (1)  be published at least 10 days before the date of
 the hearing; and
 (2)  include the time, day, date, place, and purpose of
 the hearing.
 Sec. 8513.0604.  MAXIMUM TAX RATE. The maximum tax rate that
 may be imposed for any year under this subchapter is two cents on
 each $100 of assessed valuation of taxable property.
 Sec. 8513.0605.  ASSESSMENT AND COLLECTION OF TAXES.
 (a)  The authority's tax rate shall be uniform throughout the
 authority. The chair and secretary of the board shall certify the
 tax rate to the assessor-collector of each included county.
 (b)  It shall be the duty of each county tax
 assessor-collector in the authority to cause to be placed on the
 county tax rolls such additional column or columns as are needed to
 show the tax levied by the authority and the amount thereof. The
 fee of each county tax assessor-collector for assessing and
 collecting the authority's taxes may not exceed two percent of the
 taxes collected, to be paid over and disbursed in each county in the
 same manner as other fees of office.
 Sec. 8513.0606.  LEGISLATIVE INTENT. It is the intent of the
 legislature that:
 (1)  an ad valorem tax imposed by the authority:
 (A)  enables the authority to accomplish its
 purposes, including the maximum development of the authority's soil
 and water resources, it being hereby found and determined that the
 benefits to be realized from the maximum development can be
 obtained only through area-wide participation and planning; and
 (B)  may be used to pay for the operation, repair,
 or maintenance of any flood control, soil conservation, watershed
 protection, or erosion structure or work of improvement constructed
 in cooperation with the federal government, provided that any
 operation, repair, or maintenance cost shall be paid for out of
 taxes thus collected in the county in which the particular
 structure or work of improvement is situated; and
 (2)  the construction of any dam, reservoir, levee,
 channel, pipeline, or other major physical work of the authority
 shall be paid for or financed by revenue bonds of the authority to
 be redeemed either by the sale of services or by taxes to be imposed
 by a county or municipality and paid over to the authority as an
 independent contractor of the county or municipality.
 Sec. 8513.0607.  APPLICABILITY. This subchapter does not
 apply to the assessment of a tax under Subchapter H.
 SUBCHAPTER G. BONDS, BORROWED MONEY, AND GRANTS
 Sec. 8513.0701.  BORROWED MONEY AND GRANTS. (a) The
 authority may:
 (1)  borrow money for the authority's corporate
 purposes;
 (2)  execute proper notes and other evidence of
 indebtedness;
 (3)  borrow money or accept a grant from the United
 States or this state and, in connection with the loan or grant,
 enter into any agreement the United States or the corporation or
 agency may require;
 (4)  make and issue bonds for money borrowed, in the
 manner and to the extent provided by Sections 8513.0702, 8513.0703,
 8513.0704, 8513.0705, and 8513.0706; and
 (5)  participate in and be the beneficiary of any plan
 that may be evolved by this state or the United States for
 guaranteeing or otherwise subsidizing the authority's obligations.
 (b)  After an ad valorem tax is approved at an election held
 under Section 8513.0602, the board may borrow money payable from
 the tax and may evidence the loan by a note given in the authority's
 name.
 Sec. 8513.0702.  POWER TO ISSUE BONDS. (a) For the purpose
 of constructing improvements related to the exercise of any power
 conferred on the authority by law, the authority may, without an
 election, issue bonds secured by a pledge of revenues of the
 authority without reference to their source and with the priority
 of liens prescribed in the proceedings authorizing the issuance of
 the bonds.
 (b)  The bonds must be authorized by a board resolution
 concurred in by at least eight directors.
 Sec. 8513.0703.  TERMS OF ISSUANCE. Authority bonds may be:
 (1)  sold for cash;
 (2)  issued on terms the board determines in exchange for any
 property, or any interest in property, that the board considers
 necessary or convenient for the corporate purpose for which the
 bonds are issued; or
 (3)  issued in exchange for principal amounts or other
 obligations of the authority, whether matured or unmatured.
 Sec. 8513.0704.  DEPOSIT OF PROCEEDS. The proceeds of sale
 of authority bonds may be deposited in one or more banks or trust
 companies and may be paid out according to the terms on which the
 authority and the purchasers of the bonds agree.
 Sec. 8513.0705.  RESOLUTION PROVISIONS. (a) A resolution
 authorizing bonds may contain provisions approved by the board that
 are not inconsistent with this chapter, including provisions:
 (1)  reserving the right to redeem the bonds at a time,
 in an amount, and at a price not to exceed 105 percent of the
 principal amount of the bonds, plus accrued interest;
 (2)  providing for the setting aside of sinking funds
 or reserve funds and the regulation and disposition of those funds;
 (3)  securing the payment of the principal of and
 interest on the bonds and of the sinking fund or reserve fund
 payments associated with the bonds by pledging all or any part of
 the gross or net revenue subsequently received by the authority
 from any source;
 (4)  prescribing the purposes to which the bonds or any
 bonds subsequently issued, or the proceeds of the bonds, may be
 applied;
 (5)  agreeing to set and collect rates and charges
 sufficient to produce net revenue adequate to pay the items
 described by Subdivisions (1), (2), and (3), and prescribing the
 use and disposition of all revenue;
 (6)  prescribing limitations on the issuance of
 additional bonds and on the agreements that may be made with the
 purchasers and successive holders of those bonds;
 (7)  regarding the construction, extension,
 improvement, reconstruction, operation, maintenance, and repair of
 the authority's properties and the carrying of insurance on all or
 any part of those properties covering:
 (A)  loss, damage, or loss of use and
 reconstruction, operation, maintenance, and repair; and
 (B)  loss, damage, or loss of use and occupancy
 resulting from specified risks;
 (8)  setting the procedure by which the authority may
 change the terms of a contract with the bondholders, the amount of
 bonds the holders of which must consent to that change, and the
 manner in which the consent may be given; and
 (9)  providing for the execution and delivery by the
 authority to a bank or trust company authorized by law to accept
 trusts, or to the United States or any officer of the United States,
 of indentures and agreements for the benefit of the bondholders
 setting forth any of the agreements authorized by this chapter to be
 made with or for the benefit of the bondholders and any other
 provisions that are customary in such indentures or agreements.
 (b)  A provision authorized by this section that is contained
 in a bond resolution is part of the contract between the authority
 and the bondholders.
 Sec. 8513.0706.  DEFAULT PROCEDURES. (a) This section
 applies only to a default in:
 (1)  the payment of the interest on bonds as the
 interest becomes due and payable;
 (2)  the payment of the principal of bonds as they
 become due and payable, whether at maturity, by call for
 redemption, or otherwise; or
 (3)  the performance of an agreement made with the
 purchasers or successive holders of bonds.
 (b)  A resolution authorizing bonds and any indenture or
 agreement entered into under the resolution may provide that in the
 event of a default described by Subsection (a) that continues for a
 period, if any, prescribed by the resolution, the trustee under the
 indenture entered into with respect to the bonds authorized by the
 resolution, or, if there is no indenture, a trustee appointed in the
 manner provided in the resolution by the holders of 25 percent in
 aggregate principal amount of the bonds authorized by the
 resolution and then outstanding, and on the written request of the
 holders of 25 percent in aggregate principal amount of the bonds
 authorized by the resolution then outstanding, shall, in the
 trustee's own name, but for the equal and proportionate benefit of
 the holders of all of the bonds, and with or without having
 possession of the bonds:
 (1)  by mandamus or other suit, action, or proceeding
 at law or in equity, enforce all rights of the bondholders;
 (2)  bring suit on the bonds or the appurtenant
 coupons;
 (3)  by action or suit in equity, require the authority
 to account as if it were the trustee of an express trust for the
 bondholders;
 (4)  by action or suit in equity, enjoin any acts or
 things that may be unlawful or in violation of the rights of the
 bondholders; or
 (5)  after such notice to the authority as the
 resolution may provide, declare the principal of all of the bonds
 due and payable, and if all defaults have been made good, then with
 the written consent of the holders of 25 percent in aggregate
 principal amount of the bonds then outstanding, annul the
 declaration and its consequences.
 (c)  Notwithstanding Subsection (b), the holders of more
 than a majority in principal amount of the bonds authorized by the
 resolution and then outstanding, by written instrument delivered to
 the trustee, are entitled to direct and control any and all action
 taken or to be taken by the trustee under this section.
 (d)  A resolution, indenture, or agreement relating to bonds
 may provide that in a suit, action, or proceeding under this
 section, the trustee, whether or not all of the bonds have been
 declared due and payable and with or without possession of any of
 the bonds, is entitled to the appointment of a receiver who may:
 (1)  enter and take possession of all or any part of the
 properties of the authority;
 (2)  operate and maintain the properties;
 (3)  set, collect, and receive rates and charges
 sufficient to provide revenue adequate to pay the items specified
 by Sections 8513.0705(a)(1), (2), and (3) and the costs and
 disbursements of the suit, action, or proceeding; and
 (4)  apply the revenue in conformity with this chapter
 and the resolution authorizing the bonds.
 (e)  In a suit, action, or proceeding by a trustee under this
 section, the reasonable fees, attorney's fees, and expenses of the
 trustee and of the receiver, if any, constitute taxable
 disbursements, and all costs and disbursements allowed by the court
 are a first charge on any revenue pledged to secure the payment of
 the bonds.
 (f)  The courts of Bexar County have jurisdiction of a suit,
 action, or proceeding by a trustee on behalf of the bondholders and
 of all property involved in the suit, action, or proceeding.
 (g)  In addition to the powers specifically provided by this
 section, a trustee has all powers necessary or appropriate for the
 exercise of the powers specifically provided or incident to the
 general representation of the bondholders in the enforcement of
 their rights.
 Sec. 8513.0707.  POWER OF AUTHORITY TO PURCHASE BONDS ISSUED
 BY AUTHORITY. (a) Using any money available for the purpose, the
 authority may purchase bonds issued by it at a price not exceeding
 the redemption price applicable at the time of purchase, or, if the
 bonds are not redeemable, at a price not exceeding the principal
 amount of the bonds plus accrued interest.
 (b)  All bonds purchased under this section shall be
 canceled, and bonds may not be issued in lieu of those bonds.
 Sec. 8513.0708.  BONDS EXEMPT FROM TAXATION. A bond issued
 under this chapter and the interest on the bond are exempt from
 taxation, except inheritance taxes, by this state or by any
 political subdivision of this state.
 SUBCHAPTER H. POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT
 Sec. 8513.0801.  POWER TO ESTABLISH POLLUTION CONTROL
 DISTRICT. (a) The authority may establish one or more pollution
 control districts for the purpose of accomplishing any of the
 powers, purposes, rights, or privileges vested in the authority.
 (b)  A pollution control district may be established by
 resolution of the board.
 Sec. 8513.0802.  RESOLUTION PROCEDURES CALLING FOR CREATION
 OF POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT. (a) A resolution of the board
 calling for the creation of a pollution control district must:
 (1)  define the boundaries of the proposed district;
 and
 (2)  set a time and place for a public hearing on the
 matters described in the resolution.
 (b)  If the authority does not intend to issue bonds on
 behalf of the proposed district, in addition to the requirements of
 Subsection (a), the resolution must declare taxes for the
 maintenance of the authority and the authority's improvements shall
 be imposed on the taxable property in the proposed district.
 (c)  If the authority intends to issue bonds on behalf of the
 proposed district, in addition to the requirements of Subsection
 (a), the resolution must:
 (1)  estimate the principle amount and state the
 purpose of those bonds; and
 (2)  declare that taxes for the payment of bonded
 indebtedness shall be imposed exclusively on the taxable property
 in the proposed district.
 (d)  The board may adopt resolutions described by
 Subsections (b) and (c) and hold public hearings for those
 resolutions and any applicable proposed bond and maintenance taxes
 at the same time.
 (e)  After a public hearing is held in accordance with
 Section 8513.0803, the board shall review any findings and
 recommendations resulting from the hearing. The board may alter,
 modify, or change any provision of the resolution, except as
 provided by Section 8513.0809. The board may adopt a resolution
 creating the proposed pollution control district. The resolution
 creating a pollution control district must:
 (1)  state the purposes for which the proposed district
 has been created;
 (2)  designate the proposed district's boundaries;
 (3)  declare that the indebtedness to be incurred or
 the cost of services to be rendered by the authority for the
 proposed district's benefit shall be payable from taxes imposed on
 property in the district;
 (4)  find that the property in the proposed district
 will benefit from the indebtedness proposed to be incurred or the
 services proposed to be rendered by the authority on the district's
 behalf; and
 (5)  order an election in the proposed district to
 authorize the indebtedness or maintenance tax, stating:
 (A)  the date of the election;
 (B)  the proposition or propositions to be voted
 on;
 (C)  the location of the polling places; and
 (D)  the names of the election officers.
 Sec. 8513.0803.  PUBLIC HEARING ON CREATION OF POLLUTION
 CONTROL DISTRICT; NOTICE. (a) The authority must hold a public
 hearing on the matters set forth in a resolution calling for the
 creation of a pollution control district before the proposed
 district is established.
 (b)  The hearing may be held in connection or concurrently
 with another public hearing, meeting, or proceeding conducted by
 the board.
 (c)  The hearing must be held within the boundaries of the
 proposed pollution control district.
 (d)  The hearing may be conducted by:
 (1)  a majority of the board;
 (2)  one or more directors; or
 (3)  one or more authority employees, as designated by
 the board.
 (e)  If the hearing is conducted by fewer than a majority of
 directors in accordance with Subsection (d)(2) or (3), the
 individual or individuals conducting the hearing may accept
 evidence and make recommendations to the board on any proposed
 changes to the resolution.
 (f)  Notice of the hearing must be published in a newspaper
 of general circulation within the boundaries of the proposed
 pollution control district not more than 30 days before the date of
 the hearing and not fewer than 15 days before the date of the
 hearing. Except as otherwise provided by this section, Chapter
 551, Government Code, applies to notice of a public hearing under
 this section.
 Sec. 8513.0804.  PUBLIC TESTIMONY ON CREATION OF POLLUTION
 CONTROL DISTRICT. (a) A hearing on the matters set forth in a
 resolution calling for the creation of a pollution control district
 must include an opportunity for:
 (1)  any interested person, including a person who owns
 property or resides in the authority, to appear and present
 evidence relevant to a matter set forth in the resolution calling
 for the creation of the proposed district; and
 (2)  a person who resides or owns property in the
 boundaries of the proposed district to appear and present evidence
 regarding whether the person will receive benefits from the
 proposed improvements or tax.
 (b)  Failure to appear at the public hearing constitutes a
 waiver of all objections that the absent person might have had to
 any matters set forth in the resolution calling for the creation of
 the proposed pollution control district.
 Sec. 8513.0805.  MAINTENANCE TAX AND BOND ELECTION FOR
 POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT. An election ordered within the
 boundaries of a proposed pollution control district to authorize
 the imposition of a maintenance tax or the issuance of bonds may be
 held at the same time as any general or special election.
 Sec. 8513.0806.  JUDICIAL REVIEW OF RESOLUTION CALLING FOR
 CREATION OF POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT. (a) A resolution of the
 board calling for the creation of a pollution control district
 adopted under Section 8513.0802(e) is final and not subject to
 judicial review except on the basis of whether the resolution is
 supported by substantial evidence.
 (b)  An action or proceeding questioning, contesting, or
 denying the validity of a resolution calling for the creation of a
 pollution control district or any related proceeding must be
 brought within 30 days of the effective date of the resolution. If
 an action or proceeding is not brought within the 30 days, the
 resolution and any related proceedings are valid and incontestable.
 Sec. 8513.0807.  FILING REQUIREMENT. A resolution of the
 board creating a pollution control district adopted under Section
 8513.0802(e) shall be filed in the deed records of each county in
 the district's territory.
 Sec. 8513.0808.  POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT TERRITORY.
 (a)  A pollution control district may include any territory,
 whether or not contiguous, in the authority.
 (b)  If any portion of the territory of a proposed pollution
 control district falls within the boundaries or the exclusive
 extraterritorial jurisdiction of a municipality, the board must
 obtain the municipality's consent before creating the proposed
 district. Consent of a municipality:
 (1)  may contain any conditions agreed on by the
 authority and the municipality; and
 (2)  shall be evidenced by an enacted ordinance of the
 municipality's governing body.
 Sec. 8513.0809.  ANNEXATION OF TERRITORY TO POLLUTION
 CONTROL DISTRICT. (a) Territory may be annexed to an existing
 pollution control district in the manner provided by this section.
 (b)  The board may annex territory under this section by
 resolution of the board or by a petition requesting annexation. The
 petition must:
 (1)  to the extent practicable, set forth the matters
 described in a resolution calling for the creation of the pollution
 control district, as described by Section 8513.0802(b) or (c);
 (2)  request a public hearing by the board on the
 petition; and
 (3)  be signed by:
 (A)  the owners of 50 percent or more of the value
 of the territory to be annexed;
 (B)  a majority of the residents of the territory
 to be annexed; or
 (C)  if fewer than three registered voters reside
 in the territory to be annexed, by the owner or owners of the
 territory.
 (c)  The board shall hold a public hearing on the petition in
 the same manner as a public hearing under Section 8513.0803.
 (d)  If the board finds that the territory should be annexed,
 the board may adopt a resolution:
 (1)  ordering an election on the annexation:
 (A)  in the territory contained in the existing
 pollution control district; and
 (B)  in the territory to be annexed; or
 (2)  if the petition for annexation was brought under
 Subdivision (b)(3)(C), annexing the territory to the district.
 (e)  Except as provided by Subsection (f), the board may not
 annex the territory until a majority of registered voters:
 (1)  in the territory of the existing pollution control
 district are in favor of annexation; and
 (2)  in the territory to be annexed to the pollution
 control district are in favor of annexation and, if applicable, in
 favor of:
 (A)  allowing a maintenance tax on the land to be
 annexed;
 (B)  assuming the pro rata share of any previously
 authorized indebtedness of the existing district; or
 (C)  allowing any taxes necessary to support tax
 or tax-revenue bonds previously voted on that have not yet been
 issued on behalf of the existing pollution control district and
 authorizing the board to impose a tax on the property for payment of
 the unissued bonds when those bonds are issued.
 (f)  A resolution of the board annexing territory adopted
 under Subsection (d)(2) is temporary until a majority of registered
 voters in an election held in the pollution control district
 including the annexed territory are in favor of:
 (1)  annexing the territory;
 (2)  ratifying any unissued tax or revenue bonds of the
 authority to be issued on behalf of the district; and
 (3)  authorizing the board to impose within the
 district a maintenance tax or a tax to pay for any unissued bonds
 when issued.
 (g)  If a majority of registered voters in an election held
 under Subsection (d) or (f) are in favor of the annexation, the
 board shall adopt a resolution redefining the boundaries of the
 pollution control district and record the resolution in the deed
 records of each county containing the annexed territory.
 Sec. 8513.0810.  POWER TO ISSUE BONDS; TAX FOR POLLUTION
 CONTROL DISTRICT. (a) The board may:
 (1)  incur any indebtedness necessary to provide all
 improvements and the maintenance of those improvements required to
 achieve the purposes for which any pollution control district is
 organized;
 (2)  impose taxes necessary for the payment of the
 interest of any bonds issued under this section; and
 (3)  create a sinking fund for the payment of bonds
 issued under this section.
 (b)  Taxes imposed under this section are a lien on the
 property assessed for the payment of the taxes.
 (c)  If the majority of votes in an election held under
 Section 8513.0805 or 8513.0809 are in favor of authorizing the
 authority to incur indebtedness for the benefit of a pollution
 control district, the board may issue bonds for that purpose.
 (d)  If the board issues bonds under Subsection (c), the
 board may impose a tax only on property in the pollution control
 district to pay the principal or interest of the bonds.
 (e)  If the majority of votes in an election held under
 Section 8513.0805 or 8513.0809 are in favor of authorizing the
 authority to impose an ad valorem tax, the board may impose the tax
 only on property in the pollution control district.
 (f)  The exercise by the board of its authority to tax and
 issue bonds for a pollution control district must be consistent
 with its authority under Chapter 49 and 51, Water Code, and this
 subchapter. If a conflict exists between Chapter 49 and 51, Water
 Code, and a provision of this subchapter, this subchapter prevails.
 SECTION 2.  The following statutes are repealed:
 (1)  Chapter 276, Acts of the 45th Legislature, Regular
 Session, 1937;
 (2)  Chapter 9, Acts of the 46th Legislature, Regular
 Session, 1939;
 (3)  Chapter 60, Acts of the 53rd Legislature, Regular
 Session, 1953;
 (4)  Chapter 504, Acts of the 55th Legislature, Regular
 Session, 1957;
 (5)  Chapter 37, Acts of the 56th Legislature, Regular
 Session, 1959;
 (6)  Chapter 233, Acts of the 57th Legislature, Regular
 Session, 1961;
 (7)  Chapter 836, Acts of the 61st Legislature, Regular
 Session, 1969;
 (8)  Chapter 301, Acts of the 64th Legislature, Regular
 Session, 1975;
 (9)  Chapter 604, Acts of the 64th Legislature, Regular
 Session, 1975;
 (10)  Chapter 60, Acts of the 67th Legislature, Regular
 Session, 1981;
 (11)  Chapter 701, Acts of the 70th Legislature,
 Regular Session, 1987; and
 (12)  Sections 1(b)(13) and Section 15, Chapter 1148,
 Acts of the 84th Legislature, Regular Session, 2015; and
 (13)  Chapter 179, Acts of the 88th Legislature,
 Regular Session, 2023.
 SECTION 3.  This Act takes effect immediately if it receives
 a vote of two-thirds of all the members elected to each house, as
 provided by Section 39, Article III, Texas Constitution. If this
 Act does not receive the vote necessary for immediate effect, this
 Act takes effect September 1, 2025.