BILL ANALYSIS Senate Research Center S.B. 2143 89R14463 CS-F By: Perry Water, Agriculture and Rural Affairs 3/27/2025 As Filed AUTHOR'S / SPONSOR'S STATEMENT OF INTENT Current law allows county commissioners courts to appoint fire marshals to investigate the cause, origin, and circumstances of fires that occur within the county but outside the municipalities in the county. Additionally, fire marshals help determine whether a fire was the result of negligent or intentional conduct. Not every county has a fire marshal but in the counties that do, fire marshals provide a variety of fire-related services to their counties. Some counties also require that their fire marshal be a licensed peace officer. Fire marshals who are also licensed peace officers are often able to more seamlessly conduct criminal arson investigations. Counties typically do not have direct authority over county law enforcement because both sheriffs and constables are independently elected officials. Fire marshals are unique because they are appointed by the commissioners court and therefore answer to the court. Unfortunately, some counites have misused the fire marshal statute to appoint peace officers to conduct law enforcement activities that are far outside normal fire marshal duties. S.B. 2143 clarifies that fire marshal peace officers may conduct fire-related police activities. However, the bill states that these specific peace officers may not enforce traffic laws. Additionally, S.B. 2143 prohibits counties from establishing law enforcement offices that are not authorized by the Texas Constitution or state statute. As proposed, S.B. 2143 amends current law relating to the authority of a county to commission certain individuals as peace officers and establish certain law enforcement agencies. RULEMAKING AUTHORITY This bill does not expressly grant any additional rulemaking authority to a state officer, institution, or agency. SECTION BY SECTION ANALYSIS SECTION 1. Amends Subchapter B, Chapter 352, Local Government Code, by adding Section 352.024, as follows: Sec. 352.024. AUTHORITY TO COMMISSION CERTAIN FIRE PROTECTION OFFICERS AS PEACE OFFICERS. (a) Authorizes a county to commission a fire marshal, fire officer, fire inspector, or fire investigator as a peace officer. (b) Authorizes a peace officer commissioned under this section to administer Chapter 352 (County Fire Protection), support fire-related operations or investigations, enforce building-related codes, including codes involving hazardous materials, and make recommendations involving building safety. (c) Prohibits a peace officer commissioned under this section from enforcing violations of Subtitle C (Rules of the Road), Title 7 (Vehicles and Traffic), Transportation Code, except as related to the enforcement of this chapter or as authorized by Article 14.03 (Authority of Peace Officers), Code of Criminal Procedure. SECTION 2. Amends Chapter 362, Local Government Code, by adding Section 362.006, as follows: Sec. 362.006. ESTABLISHMENT OF CERTAIN LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES. Authorizes a county to establish a law enforcement agency only if authorized by the constitution or other law. SECTION 3. Effective date: September 1, 2025.
BILL ANALYSIS
Senate Research Center S.B. 2143
89R14463 CS-F By: Perry
Water, Agriculture and Rural Affairs
3/27/2025
As Filed
Senate Research Center
S.B. 2143
89R14463 CS-F
By: Perry
Water, Agriculture and Rural Affairs
3/27/2025
As Filed
AUTHOR'S / SPONSOR'S STATEMENT OF INTENT
Current law allows county commissioners courts to appoint fire marshals to investigate the cause, origin, and circumstances of fires that occur within the county but outside the municipalities in the county. Additionally, fire marshals help determine whether a fire was the result of negligent or intentional conduct. Not every county has a fire marshal but in the counties that do, fire marshals provide a variety of fire-related services to their counties.
Some counties also require that their fire marshal be a licensed peace officer. Fire marshals who are also licensed peace officers are often able to more seamlessly conduct criminal arson investigations.
Counties typically do not have direct authority over county law enforcement because both sheriffs and constables are independently elected officials. Fire marshals are unique because they are appointed by the commissioners court and therefore answer to the court. Unfortunately, some counites have misused the fire marshal statute to appoint peace officers to conduct law enforcement activities that are far outside normal fire marshal duties.
S.B. 2143 clarifies that fire marshal peace officers may conduct fire-related police activities. However, the bill states that these specific peace officers may not enforce traffic laws. Additionally, S.B. 2143 prohibits counties from establishing law enforcement offices that are not authorized by the Texas Constitution or state statute.
As proposed, S.B. 2143 amends current law relating to the authority of a county to commission certain individuals as peace officers and establish certain law enforcement agencies.
RULEMAKING AUTHORITY
This bill does not expressly grant any additional rulemaking authority to a state officer, institution, or agency.
SECTION BY SECTION ANALYSIS
SECTION 1. Amends Subchapter B, Chapter 352, Local Government Code, by adding Section 352.024, as follows:
Sec. 352.024. AUTHORITY TO COMMISSION CERTAIN FIRE PROTECTION OFFICERS AS PEACE OFFICERS. (a) Authorizes a county to commission a fire marshal, fire officer, fire inspector, or fire investigator as a peace officer.
(b) Authorizes a peace officer commissioned under this section to administer Chapter 352 (County Fire Protection), support fire-related operations or investigations, enforce building-related codes, including codes involving hazardous materials, and make recommendations involving building safety.
(c) Prohibits a peace officer commissioned under this section from enforcing violations of Subtitle C (Rules of the Road), Title 7 (Vehicles and Traffic), Transportation Code, except as related to the enforcement of this chapter or as authorized by Article 14.03 (Authority of Peace Officers), Code of Criminal Procedure.
SECTION 2. Amends Chapter 362, Local Government Code, by adding Section 362.006, as follows:
Sec. 362.006. ESTABLISHMENT OF CERTAIN LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES. Authorizes a county to establish a law enforcement agency only if authorized by the constitution or other law.
SECTION 3. Effective date: September 1, 2025.