IB
Union Calendar No. 90
118THCONGRESS
1
STSESSION H. R. 589
[Report No. 118–118, Part I]
To impose sanctions on the Supreme Leader of Iran and the President
of Iran and their respective offices for human rights abuses and support
for terrorism.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
JANUARY27, 2023
Mr. B
ANKS(for himself, Mr. GALLAGHER, Mr. WALTZ, Ms. TENNEY, Mr.
W
ILSONof South Carolina, Mr. CRENSHAW, Ms. SALAZAR, Mr. WITT-
MAN, Mr. WEBERof Texas, Mr. FALLON, Mr. MCCLINTOCK, Mr. MUR-
PHY, Mrs. HARSHBARGER, Mrs. RODGERSof Washington, Mr. GUEST,
Mr. L
AMBORN, Mr. GOTTHEIMER, Mr. SWALWELL, and Ms. WASSERMAN
S
CHULTZ) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committees on the Ju-
diciary, Financial Services, and Ways and Means, for a period to be sub-
sequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of
such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned
J
UNE22, 2023
Additional sponsors: Mr. S
MUCKER, Mr. GALLEGO, Mrs. KIMof California,
Mr. S
CHIFF, Ms. SHERRILL, Mr. OBERNOLTE, Mr. PANETTA, Mr. ISSA,
Mrs. W
AGNER, Mr. SHERMAN, Mr. HIMES, Mr. MOSKOWITZ, Ms. POR-
TER, Mr. LEVIN, Mr. SCHNEIDER, Mr. HUDSON, Mr. KHANNA, Ms.
W
EXTON, Mr. PETERS, Ms. ESHOO, Mrs. MCCLAIN, Mr. LIEU, Mr.
L
AHOOD, Mr. STEUBE, Mr. POSEY, Mr. RYAN, Mr. CA´RDENAS, Mr.
A
UCHINCLOSS, Mr. NICKEL, Ms. SPANBERGER, Mr. SIMPSON, Mr.
D
UARTE, Mr. TRONE, Ms. DELBENE, Ms. STRICKLAND, Mr. GREENof
Tennessee, Mr. C
ORREA, Mr. SMITHof New Jersey, Mr. MAST, Mr.
M
CCAUL, Mr. DOGGETT, Mr. MILLS, Mr. ALLRED, Mr. LAWLER, Mr.
S
ELF, Ms. GRANGER, Mrs. STEEL, Ms. LOFGREN, Ms. FOXX, Mr.
D
ESAULNIER, Ms. WILD, Mr. GOODENof Texas, Mr. LOUDERMILK, Mr.
M
ULLIN, Mr. NORCROSS, Mr. FITZPATRICK, Mr. BACON, Mr. COSTA, Ms.
L
EEof Nevada, Mr. COHEN, Mr. GOLDMANof New York, Mr. BAIRD,
Mr. H
UFFMAN, Mr. C. SCOTTFRANKLINof Florida, Mr. SMITHof Ne-
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•HR 589 RH
braska, Mrs. HAYES, Mr. LATURNER, Ms. STEVENS, Mrs. GONZA´LEZ-
C
OLO´N, Mr. FINSTAD, Mr. PAYNE, Mr. YAKYM, Mr. CARTERof Georgia,
Mr. V
ANDREW, Mr. KEANof New Jersey, Ms. BARRAGA´N, Mr.
B
URCHETT, Mr. MILLERof Ohio, Mr. MOOLENAAR, Mr. LATTA, Mr.
S
TANTON, Ms. CHU, Mr. GOMEZ, Mr. CALVERT, Mr. BOYLEof Pennsyl-
vania, Mr. S
MITHof Washington, Mr. RUIZ, Mr. FULCHER, Mr.
H
ORSFORD, Mr. DESJARLAIS, Mr. TORRESof New York, Mr. JACKSON
of Texas, Mr. R
ESCHENTHALER, Mr. GREENof Texas, Ms. SCHRIER, Mr.
M
ANN, Mr. CARSON, Ms. STEFANIK, Ms. MENG, Mr. SCHWEIKERT, Mr.
S
OTO, Ms. CLARKEof New York, Mr. GIMENEZ, Mr. BERA, Mr. NUNN
of Iowa, Mr. K
RISHNAMOORTHI, Ms. BROWNLEY, Mr. FEENSTRA, Mr.
K
USTOFF, and Mr. D’ESPOSITO
J
UNE22, 2023
Reported from the Committee on Foreign Affairs with an amendment
[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic]
JUNE22, 2023
Committees on the Judiciary, Financial Services, and Ways and Means dis-
charged; committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State
of the Union and ordered to be printed
[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on January 27, 2023]
A BILL
To impose sanctions on the Supreme Leader of Iran and
the President of Iran and their respective offices for
human rights abuses and support for terrorism.
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•HR 589 RH
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Mahsa Amini Human 4
rights and Security Accountability Act’’ or the ‘‘MAHSA 5
Act’’. 6
SEC. 2. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS ON IRAN’S SUPREME 7
LEADER’S OFFICE, ITS APPOINTEES, AND ANY 8
AFFILIATED PERSONS. 9
(a) F
INDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 10
(1) The Supreme Leader is an institution of the 11
Islamic Republic of Iran. 12
(2) The Supreme Leader holds ultimate author-13
ity over Iran’s judiciary and security apparatus, in-14
cluding the Ministry of Intelligence and Security, law 15
enforcement forces under the Interior Ministry, the Is-16
lamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), and the 17
Basij, a nationwide volunteer paramilitary group 18
subordinate to the IRGC, all of which have engaged 19
in human rights abuses in Iran. Additionally the 20
IRGC, a United States designated Foreign Terrorist 21
Organization, which reports to the Supreme Leader, 22
continues to perpetrate terrorism around the globe, 23
including attempts to kill and kidnap American citi-24
zens on United States soil. 25
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•HR 589 RH
(3) The Supreme Leader appoints the head of 1
Iran’s judiciary. International observers continue to 2
criticize the lack of independence of Iran’s judicial 3
system and maintained that trials disregarded inter-4
national standards of fairness. 5
(4) The revolutionary courts, created by Iran’s 6
former Supreme Leader Ruhollah Khomeini, within 7
Iran’s judiciary, are chiefly responsible for hearing 8
cases of political offenses, operate in parallel to Iran’s 9
criminal justice system and routinely hold grossly un-10
fair trials without due process, handing down pre-11
determined verdicts and rubberstamping executions 12
for political purpose. 13
(5) The Iranian security and law enforcement 14
forces engage in serious human rights abuse at the be-15
hest of the Supreme Leader. 16
(6) Iran’s President, Ebrahim Raisi, sits at the 17
helm of the most sanctioned cabinet in Iranian his-18
tory which includes internationally sanctioned rights 19
violators. Raisi has supported the recent crackdown 20
on protestors and is a rights violator himself, having 21
served on a ‘‘death commission’’ in 1988 that led to 22
the execution of several thousand political prisoners 23
in Iran. He most recently served as the head of Iran’s 24
judiciary, a position appointed by Iran’s current Su-25
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•HR 589 RH
preme Leader Ali Khamenei, and may likely be a po-1
tential candidate to replace Khamenei as Iran’s next 2
Supreme Leader. 3
(7) On September 16, 2022, a 22-year-old 4
woman, Mahsa Amini, died in the detention of the 5
Morality Police after being beaten and detained for 6
allegedly transgressing discriminatory dress codes for 7
women. This tragic incident triggered widespread, 8
pro-women’s rights, pro-democracy protests across all 9
of Iran’s 31 provinces, calling for the end to Iran’s 10
theocratic regime. 11
(8) In the course of the protests, the Iranian se-12
curity forces’ violent crackdown includes mass arrests, 13
well documented beating of protestors, throttling of the 14
internet and telecommunications services, and shoot-15
ing protestors with live ammunition. Iranian security 16
forces have reportedly killed hundreds of protestors 17
and other civilians, including women and children, 18
and wounded many more. 19
(9) Iran’s Supreme Leader is the leader of the 20
‘‘Axis of Resistance’’, which is a network of Tehran’s 21
terror proxy and partner militias materially sup-22
ported by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps 23
that targets the United States as well as its allies and 24
partners. 25
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•HR 589 RH
(b) SENSE OFCONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 1
that— 2
(1) the United States shall stand with and sup-3
port the people of Iran in their demand for funda-4
mental human rights; 5
(2) the United States shall continue to hold the 6
Islamic Republic of Iran, particularly the Supreme 7
Leader and President, accountable for abuses of 8
human rights, corruption, and export of terrorism; 9
and 10
(3) Iran must immediately end its gross viola-11
tions of internationally recognized human rights. 12
(c) I
NGENERAL.— 13
(1) D
ETERMINATION AND REPORT REQUIRED .— 14
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment 15
of this Act, and annually thereafter, the President 16
shall— 17
(A) determine whether each foreign person 18
described in subsection (d) meets the criteria for 19
imposition of sanctions under one or more of the 20
sanctions programs and authorities listed in 21
paragraph (2); 22
(B) impose applicable sanctions against 23
any foreign person determined to meet the cri-24
teria for imposition of sanctions pursuant to 25
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•HR 589 RH
subparagraph (A) under the sanctions programs 1
and authorities listed in subparagraph (A) or 2
(F) of subsection (c)(2) and pursue applicable 3
sanctions against any foreign person determined 4
to meet the criteria for imposition of sanctions 5
pursuant to subparagraph (A) under the sanc-6
tions programs and authorities listed in sub-7
paragraph (B), (C), (D), or (E) of subsection 8
(c)(2); and 9
(C) submit to the appropriate congressional 10
committees a report in unclassified form, with a 11
classified annex provided separately if needed, 12
containing— 13
(i) a list of all foreign persons de-14
scribed in subsection (d) that meet the cri-15
teria for imposition of sanctions under one 16
or more of the sanctions programs and au-17
thorities listed in paragraph (2); and 18
(ii) for each foreign person identified 19
pursuant to clause (i)— 20
(I) a list of each sanctions pro-21
gram or authority listed in paragraph 22
(2) for which the person meets the cri-23
teria for imposition of sanctions; 24
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•HR 589 RH
(II) a statement which, if any, of 1
the sanctions authorized by any of the 2
sanctions programs and authorities 3
identified pursuant to subclause (I) 4
have been imposed or will be imposed 5
within 30 days of the submission of the 6
report; and 7
(III) with respect to which any of 8
the sanctions authorized by any of the 9
sanctions programs and authorities 10
identified pursuant to subclause (I) 11
have not been imposed and will not be 12
imposed within 30 days of the submis-13
sion of the report, the specific author-14
ity under which otherwise applicable 15
sanctions are being waived, have other-16
wise been determined not to apply, or 17
are not being imposed and a complete 18
justification of the decision to waive or 19
otherwise not apply the sanctions au-20
thorized by such sanctions programs 21
and authorities. 22
(2) S
ANCTIONS LISTED.—The sanctions listed in 23
this paragraph are the following: 24
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•HR 589 RH
(A) Sanctions described in section 105(c) of 1
the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Account-2
ability, and Divestment Act of 2010 (22 U.S.C. 3
8514(c)). 4
(B) Sanctions applicable with respect to a 5
person pursuant to Executive Order 13553 (50 6
U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to blocking property 7
of certain persons with respect to serious human 8
rights abuses by the Government of Iran). 9
(C) Sanctions applicable with respect to a 10
person pursuant to Executive Order 13224 (50 11
U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to blocking property 12
and prohibiting transactions with persons who 13
commit, threaten to commit, or support ter-14
rorism). 15
(D) Sanctions applicable with respect to a 16
person pursuant to Executive Order 13818 (re-17
lating to blocking the property of persons in-18
volved in serious human rights abuse or corrup-19
tion). 20
(E) Sanctions applicable with respect to a 21
person pursuant to Executive Order 13876 (re-22
lating to imposing sanctions with respect to 23
Iran). 24
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•HR 589 RH
(F) Penalties and visa bans applicable with 1
respect to a person pursuant to section 7031(c) 2
of the Department of State, Foreign Operations, 3
and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2021. 4
(3) F
ORM OF DETERMINATION .—The determina-5
tion required by paragraph (1) shall be provided in 6
an unclassified form but may contain a classified 7
annex provided separately containing additional con-8
textual information pertaining to justification for the 9
issuance of any waiver issued, as described in para-10
graph (1)(C)(ii). The unclassified portion of such de-11
termination shall be made available on a publicly 12
available internet website of the Federal Government. 13
(d) F
OREIGNPERSONSDESCRIBED.—The foreign per-14
sons described in this subsection are the following: 15
(1) The Supreme Leader of Iran and any official 16
in the Office of the Supreme Leader of Iran. 17
(2) The President of Iran and any official in the 18
Office of the President of Iran or the President’s cabi-19
net, including cabinet ministers and executive vice 20
presidents. 21
(3) Any entity, including foundations and eco-22
nomic conglomerates, overseen by the Office of the Su-23
preme Leader of Iran which is complicit in financing 24
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•HR 589 RH
or resourcing of human rights abuses or support for 1
terrorism. 2
(4) Any official of any entity owned or con-3
trolled by the Supreme Leader of Iran or the Office 4
of the Supreme Leader of Iran. 5
(5) Any person determined by the President— 6
(A) to be a person appointed by the Su-7
preme Leader of Iran, the Office of the Supreme 8
Leader of Iran, the President of Iran, or the Of-9
fice of the President of Iran to a position as a 10
state official of Iran, or as the head of any entity 11
located in Iran or any entity located outside of 12
Iran that is owned or controlled by one or more 13
entities in Iran; 14
(B) to have materially assisted, sponsored, 15
or provided financial, material, or technological 16
support for, or goods or services to or in support 17
of any person whose property and interests in 18
property are blocked pursuant to any sanctions 19
program or authority listed in subsection (c)(2); 20
(C) to be owned or controlled by, or to have 21
acted or purported to act for or on behalf of, di-22
rectly or indirectly any person whose property 23
and interests in property are blocked pursuant to 24
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•HR 589 RH
any sanctions program or authority listed in 1
subsection (c)(2); or 2
(D) to be a member of the board of directors 3
or a senior executive officer of any person whose 4
property and interests in property are blocked 5
pursuant to any sanctions program or authority 6
listed in subsection (c)(2). 7
(e) C
ONGRESSIONALOVERSIGHT.— 8
(1) I
N GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after 9
receiving a request from the chairman and ranking 10
member of one of the appropriate congressional com-11
mittees with respect to whether a foreign person meets 12
the criteria of a person described in subsection (d)(5), 13
the President shall— 14
(A) determine if the person meets such cri-15
teria; and 16
(B) submit an unclassified report, with a 17
classified annex provided separately if needed, to 18
such chairman and ranking member with respect 19
to such determination that includes a statement 20
of whether or not the President imposed or in-21
tends to impose sanctions with respect to the per-22
son pursuant to any sanctions program or au-23
thority listed in subsection (c)(2). 24
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•HR 589 RH
(2) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES 1
DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘appropriate 2
congressional committees’’ means— 3
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 4
House of Representatives; and 5
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 6
the Senate. 7
SEC. 3. SEVERABILITY. 8
If any provision of this Act, or the application of such 9
provision to any person or circumstance, is found to be un-10
constitutional, the remainder of this Act, or the application 11
of that provision to other persons or circumstances, shall 12
not be affected. 13
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90
118
TH
CONGRESS
1
ST
S
ESSION
H. R. 589
[Report No. 118–118, Part I]
A BILL
To impose sanctions on the Supreme Leader of
Iran and the President of Iran and their respec-
tive offices for human rights abuses and support
for terrorism.
J
UNE
22, 2023
Reported from the Committee on Foreign Affairs with an
amendment
J
UNE
22, 2023
Committees on the Judiciary, Financial Services, and
Ways and Means discharged; committed to the Com-
mittee of the Whole House on the State of the Union
and ordered to be printed
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