II
Calendar No. 372
118THCONGRESS
2
DSESSION S. 2336
To address the threat from the development of Iran’s ballistic missile program
and the transfer or deployment of Iranian missiles and related goods
and technology, including materials and equipment, and for other pur-
poses.
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
JULY18, 2023
Mr. M
ENENDEZ(for himself, Mr. HAGERTY, Mr. RICKETTS, and Mr. GRASS-
LEY) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to
the Committee on Foreign Relations
M
AY7, 2024
Reported by Mr. C
ARDIN, with an amendment
[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic]
A BILL
To address the threat from the development of Iran’s ballistic
missile program and the transfer or deployment of Ira-
nian missiles and related goods and technology, including
materials and equipment, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
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SECTION1.SHORTTITLES. 1
ThisActmaybecitedasthe‘‘MakingIranSanctions 2
StickInLieuofExpirationofSanctionsAct’’orthe 3
‘‘MISSILESAct’’. 4
SEC.2.FINDINGS. 5
Congressmakesthefollowingfindings: 6
(1)AnnexBtoUnitedNationsSecurityCoun-7
cilResolution2231(2015)restrictscertainmissile- 8
relatedactivitiesandtransferstoandfromIran,in-9
cludingallitems,materials,equipment,goods,and 10
technologysetoutintheMissileTechnologyControl 11
RegimeAnnex,absentadvance,case-by-caseap-12
provalfromtheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncil. 13
(2)IranhastransferredShahedandMohajer 14
drones,coveredundertheMissileTechnologyCon-15
trolRegimeAnnex,totheRussianFederation,the 16
GovernmentofEthiopia,andotherIran-aligneden-17
tities,includingtheHouthisinYemenandmilitia 18
unitsinIraq,withoutpriorauthorizationfromthe 19
UnitedNationsSecurityCouncil,inviolationofthe 20
restrictionssetforthinAnnexBtoUnitedNations 21
SecurityCouncilResolution2231. 22
(3)AbsentactionbytheUnitedNationsSecu-23
rityCouncil,certainmissile-relatedrestrictionsin 24
AnnexBtoUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilResolu-25
tion2231willexpireinOctober2023,removing 26
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internationallegalrestrictionsonmissile-relatedac-1
tivitiesandtransferstoandfromIran. 2
SEC.3.STATEMENT OFPOLICY. 3
ItisthepolicyoftheUnitedStates— 4
(1)tocombatanddeterthetransferofconven-5
tionalandnon-conventionalarms,equipment,mate-6
rial,andtechnologytoorfromIran,orinvolvingthe 7
GovernmentofIran; 8
(2)toensurecountries,individuals,andentities 9
engagedin,orattemptingtoengagein,theacquisi-10
tion,facilitation,ordevelopmentofarmsandrelated 11
componentsandtechnologyandsubjecttorestric-12
tionsunderAnnexBtoUnitedNationsSecurity 13
CouncilResolution2231areheldtoaccountunder 14
UnitedStatesandinternationallaw,including 15
throughtheapplicationandenforcementofsanc-16
tionsanduseofexportcontrols,regardlessofwheth-17
ertherestrictionsunderAnnexBtoUnitedNations 18
SecurityCouncilResolution2231remainineffect 19
followingtheiranticipatedexpirationinOctober 20
2023; 21
(3)tourgentlyseektheextensionofmissile-re-22
latedrestrictionssetforthinAnnexBtoUnitedNa-23
tionsSecurityCouncilResolution2231(2015);and 24
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(4)touseallavailableauthoritiestoconstrain 1
Iran’sdomesticballisticmissileproductioncapabili-2
ties. 3
SEC.4.DEFINITIONS. 4
InthisAct: 5
(1)APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT-6
TEES.—Theterm‘‘appropriatecongressionalcom-7
mittees’’means— 8
(A)theCommitteeonForeignRelationsof 9
theSenate; 10
(B)theCommitteeonBanking,Housing, 11
andUrbanAffairsoftheSenate; 12
(C)theCommitteeonForeignAffairsof 13
theHouseofRepresentatives;and 14
(D)theCommitteeontheJudiciaryofthe 15
HouseofRepresentatives. 16
(2)COVEREDTECHNOLOGY.—Theterm‘‘cov-17
eredtechnology’’means— 18
(A)anygoods,technology,software,orre-19
latedmaterialspecifiedintheMissileTech-20
nologyControlRegimeAnnex,asineffecton 21
thedaybeforethedateoftheenactmentofthis 22
Act;and 23
(B)anyadditionalgoods,technology,soft-24
ware,orrelatedmaterialaddedtotheMissile 25
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TechnologyControlRegimeAnnexafterthe 1
daybeforethedateoftheenactmentofthis 2
Act. 3
(3)FOREIGNPERSON.—Theterm‘‘foreignper-4
son’’— 5
(A)meansanindividualorentitythatis 6
notaUnitedStatesperson;and 7
(B)includesaforeignstate(assuchterm 8
isdefinedinsection1603oftitle28,United 9
StatesCode). 10
(4)GOOD.—Theterm‘‘good’’meansanyarti-11
cle,naturalormanmadesubstance,material,supply 12
ormanufacturedproduct,includinginspectionand 13
testequipment,andexcludingtechnicaldata. 14
(5)GOVERNMENT OFIRAN.—Theterm‘‘Gov-15
ernmentofIran’’hasthemeaninggivensuchterm 16
insection560.304oftitle31,CodeofFederalReg-17
ulations,assuchsectionwasineffectonJanuary1, 18
2021. 19
(6)IRAN-ALIGNEDENTITY.—Theterm‘‘Iran- 20
alignedentity’’meansaforeignpersonthat— 21
(A)iscontrolledbyorreportsdirectlyto 22
theGovernmentofIran;and 23
(B)knowinglyreceivesmaterialorfinan-24
cialsupportfromtheGovernmentofIran,in-25
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cludingHezbollah,AnsarAllah,oranotherIra-1
nian-backedproxygroup. 2
(7)KNOWINGLY.—Theterm‘‘knowingly’’has 3
themeaninggivensuchterminsection14(13)of 4
theIranSanctionsActof1996(50U.S.C.1701 5
note). 6
(8)MISSILETECHNOLOGY CONTROLREGIME.— 7
Theterm‘‘MissileTechnologyControlRegime’’ 8
meansthepolicystatementbetweentheUnited 9
States,theUnitedKingdom,theFederalRepublicof 10
Germany,France,Italy,Canada,andJapanthat 11
wasannouncedonApril16,1987,torestrictsen-12
sitivemissile-relevanttransfersbasedontheMissile 13
TechnologyControlRegimeAnnex,andanyamend-14
mentstheretoorexpansionsthereof,asineffecton 15
thedaybeforethedateoftheenactmentofthisAct. 16
(9)MISSILETECHNOLOGY CONTROL REGIME 17
ANNEX.—Theterm‘‘MissileTechnologyControlRe-18
gimeAnnex’’meanstheGuidelinesandEquipment 19
andTechnologyAnnexoftheMissileTechnology 20
ControlRegime,andanyamendmentstheretoorup-21
datesthereof,asineffectonthedaybeforethedate 22
oftheenactmentofthisAct. 23
(10)UNITEDSTATESPERSON.—Theterms 24
‘‘UnitedStatesperson’’means— 25
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(A)aUnitedStatescitizen; 1
(B)apermanentresidentalienofthe 2
UnitedStates; 3
(C)anentityorganizedunderthelawsof 4
theUnitedStatesorofanyjurisdictionwithin 5
theUnitedStates,includingaforeignbranchof 6
suchanentity;or 7
(D)apersonintheUnitedStates. 8
SEC.5.DEPARTMENT OFSTATEREPORT ONDIPLOMATIC 9
STRATEGY ANDOTHERASPECTS OFUNITED 10
NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 11
2231EXPIRATIONS. 12
Notlaterthan90daysafterthedateoftheenact-13
mentofthisAct,andannuallythereafterforthefollowing 14
4years,theSecretaryofState,incoordinationwiththe 15
headsofotherrelevantdepartmentsandagencies,shall 16
submittotheappropriatecongressionalcommitteesanun-17
classifiedreport,withaclassifiedannex,ifnecessary,that 18
includes— 19
(1)adiplomaticstrategytosecuretherenewal 20
ofinternationalrestrictionsoncertainmissile-re-21
latedactivities,includingtransferstoandfromIran 22
setforthinAnnexBtoUnitedNationsSecurity 23
CouncilResolution2231(2015)beforeOctober 24
2023; 25
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(2)ananalysisofhowtheexpirationofmissile- 1
relatedrestrictionssetforthinAnnexBtoUnited 2
NationsSecurityCouncilResolution2231wouldim-3
pacttheGovernmentofIran’sarmsproliferation 4
andmalignactivities,includingastherestrictions 5
relatetocooperationwith,andsupportfor,Iran- 6
alignedentitiesandalliedcountries; 7
(3)anassessmentoftherevenue,ornon-cash 8
benefits,tobeaccruedbytheGovernmentofIran, 9
orIran-alignedentities,asaresultofalapseinmis-10
sile-relatedrestrictionssetforthinAnnexBto 11
UnitedNationsSecurityCouncilResolution2231; 12
(4)adetaileddescriptionoftheUnitedStates 13
strategytodeter,prevent,anddisruptthesale,pur-14
chase,ortransferofcoveredtechnologyinvolving 15
IranabsentrestrictionssetforthinAnnexBto 16
UnitedNationsSecurityCouncilResolution2231; 17
(5)theidentificationofanyforeignpersonen-18
gagingin,enabling,orotherwisefacilitatinganyac-19
tivityinvolvingIranrestrictedunderAnnexBto 20
UnitedNationsSecurityCouncilResolution2231, 21
regardlessofwhethersuchrestrictionsremaininef-22
fectafterOctober2023; 23
(6)adescriptionofactionsbytheUnitedNa-24
tionsandothermultilateralorganizations,including 25
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theEuropeanUnion,toholdaccountableforeign 1
personsthathaveviolatedtherestrictionssetforth 2
inAnnexBtoUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilRes-3
olution2231,andeffortstopreventfurtherviola-4
tionsofsuchrestrictions; 5
(7)adescriptionofactionsbyindividualmem-6
berstatesoftheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilto 7
holdaccountableforeignpersonsthathaveviolated 8
restrictionssetforthinAnnexBtoUnitedNations 9
SecurityCouncilResolution2231andeffortstopre-10
ventfurtherviolationsofsuchrestrictions; 11
(8)adescriptionofactionstakenbythePeo-12
ple’sRepublicofChina,theRussianFederation,or 13
anyothercountrytoprevent,interferewith,orun-14
dermineeffortstoholdaccountableforeignpersons 15
thathaveviolatedtherestrictionssetforthinAnnex 16
BtoUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilResolution 17
2231,includingactionstorestrictUnitedNations- 18
ledinvestigationsintosuspectedviolationsofsuch 19
restrictions,orlimitfundingtorelevantUnitedNa-20
tionsofficesorexperts; 21
(9)ananalysisoftheforeignanddomesticsup-22
plychainsinIranthatdirectlyorindirectlyfacili-23
tate,support,orotherwiseaidtheGovernmentof 24
Iran’sdroneormissileprogram,includingstorage, 25
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transportation,orflight-testingofrelatedgoods, 1
technology,orcomponents; 2
(10)theidentificationofanyforeignentityor 3
entitiesthatenables,supports,orotherwisefacili-4
tatestheoperationsormaintenanceofanyIranian 5
airlinesubjecttoUnitedStatessanctionsorexport 6
controlrestrictions; 7
(11)anassessmentofhowthecontinuedoper-8
ationofIranianairlinessubjecttoUnitedStates 9
sanctionsorexportcontrolrestrictionsimpactsthe 10
GovernmentofIran’sabilitytotransportordevelop 11
arms,includingcoveredtechnology;and 12
(12)adescriptionofactionstakenbythePeo-13
ple’sRepublicofChina,theRussianFederation,or 14
anyothercountrythathaveviolatedtherestrictions 15
setforthinAnnexBofUnitedNationsSecurity 16
CouncilResolution2231,includinganypurchase, 17
transfer,oracquisitionofcoveredtechnologyor 18
componentparts. 19
SEC.6.COMBATING THEPROLIFERATION OFIRANIANMIS-20
SILES. 21
(a)INGENERAL.—Theactions,includingsanctions, 22
describedinsubsection(b)shallapplytoanyforeignper-23
sonthePresidentdetermines,onorafterthedateofthe 24
enactmentofthisAct— 25
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(1)knowinglyengagesinanyefforttoacquire, 1
possess,develop,transport,transfer,ordeploycov-2
eredtechnologyto,from,orinvolvingtheGovern-3
mentofIranorIran-alignedentities,regardlessof 4
whethertherestrictionssetforthinAnnexBto 5
UnitedNationsSecurityCouncilResolution2231 6
(2015)remainineffectafterOctober2023; 7
(2)knowinglyprovidesentitiesownedorcon-8
trolledbytheGovernmentofIranorIran-aligned 9
entitieswithgoods,technology,parts,orcompo-10
nents,thatmaycontributetothedevelopmentof 11
coveredtechnology; 12
(3)knowinglyparticipatesinjointmissileor 13
dronedevelopment,includingdevelopmentofcovered 14
technology,withtheGovernmentofIranorIran- 15
alignedentities,includingtechnicaltraining,storage, 16
andtransport; 17
(4)knowinglyimports,exports,orre-exportsto, 18
into,orfromIran,whetherdirectlyorindirectly, 19
anysignificantarmsorrelatedmaterielprohibited 20
underparagraph(5)or(6)toAnnexBofUnited 21
NationsSecurityCouncilResolution2231(2015)as 22
ofApril1,2023;or 23
(5)knowinglyprovidessignificantfinancial,ma-24
terial,ortechnologicalsupportto,orknowinglyen-25
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gagesinasignificanttransactionwith,aforeign 1
personsubjecttosanctionsforconductdescribedin 2
paragraph(1),(2),(3),or(4). 3
(b)SANCTIONSDESCRIBED.—Thesanctionsde-4
scribedinthissubsectionarethefollowing: 5
(1)BLOCKINGOFPROPERTY.—ThePresident 6
shallexerciseallauthoritiesgrantedundertheInter-7
nationalEmergencyEconomicPowersAct(50 8
U.S.C.1701etseq.)totheextentnecessarytoblock 9
andprohibitalltransactionsinpropertyandinter-10
estsinpropertyoftheforeignpersonifsuchprop-11
ertyandinterestsinpropertyareintheUnited 12
States,comewithintheUnitedStates,orcomewith-13
inthepossessionorcontrolofaUnitedStatesper-14
son. 15
(2)INELIGIBILITYFORVISAS,ADMISSION,OR 16
PAROLE.— 17
(A)VISAS,ADMISSION,ORPAROLE.—An 18
aliendescribedinsubsection(a)shallbe— 19
(i)inadmissibletotheUnitedStates; 20
(ii)ineligibletoreceiveavisaorother 21
documentationtoentertheUnitedStates; 22
and 23
(iii)otherwiseineligibletobeadmitted 24
orparoledintotheUnitedStatesortore-25
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ceiveanyotherbenefitundertheImmigra-1
tionandNationalityAct(8U.S.C.1101et 2
seq.). 3
(B)CURRENTVISASREVOKED.— 4
(i)INGENERAL.—Thevisaorother 5
entrydocumentationofanyaliendescribed 6
insubsection(a)issubjecttorevocation 7
regardlessoftheissuedateofthevisaor 8
otherentrydocumentation. 9
(ii)IMMEDIATE EFFECT.—Arevoca-10
tionunderclause(i)shall,inaccordance 11
withsection221(i)oftheImmigrationand 12
NationalityAct(8U.S.C.1201(i))— 13
(I)takeeffectimmediately;and 14
(II)cancelanyothervalidvisaor 15
entrydocumentationthatisinthe 16
possessionofthealien. 17
(c)PENALTIES.—Anypersonthatviolates,orat-18
temptstoviolate,subsection(a)oranyregulation,license, 19
ororderissuedpursuanttothatsubsection,shallbesub-20
jecttothepenaltiessetforthinsubsections(b)and(c) 21
ofsection206oftheInternationalEconomicPowersAct 22
(50U.S.C.1705)tothesameextentasapersonthatcom-23
mitsanunlawfulactdescribedinsubsection(a)ofthat 24
section. 25
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(d)WAIVER.—ThePresidentmaywaivetheapplica-1
tionofsanctionsunderthissectionwithrespecttoafor-2
eignpersononlyif,notlaterthan15daysbeforethedate 3
onwhichthewaiveristotakeeffect,thePresidentsub-4
mitstotheappropriatecongressionalcommitteesawritten 5
determinationandjustificationthatthewaiverisinthe 6
vitalnationalsecurityinterestsoftheUnitedStates. 7
(e)IMPLEMENTATION.—ThePresidentmayexercise 8
alltheauthoritiesprovidedundersections203and205 9
oftheInternationalEmergencyEconomicPowersAct(50 10
U.S.C.1702and1704)tocarryouttheamendments 11
madebythissection. 12
(f)RULEMAKING.— 13
(1)INGENERAL.—Notlaterthan120days 14
afterthedateoftheenactmentofthisAct,the 15
President,inconsultationwiththeSecretaryof 16
State,shallpromulgateanyregulationsthatarenec-17
essarytoimplementthisActandtheamendments 18
madebythisAct. 19
(2)NOTIFICATION TOCONGRESS.—Notless 20
than10daysbeforethepromulgationofregulations 21
pursuanttoparagraph(1),thePresidentshallsub-22
mittotheappropriatecongressionalcommittees— 23
(A)acopyoftheproposedregulations; 24
and 25
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(B)adescriptionofthespecificprovisions 1
ofthisActandtheamendmentsmadebythis 2
Actthatsuchregulationsareimplementing. 3
(g)EXCEPTIONS.— 4
(1)EXCEPTION FORINTELLIGENCE ACTIVI-5
TIES.—Sanctionsauthorizedunderthissectionshall 6
notapplytoanyactivitysubjecttothereportingre-7
quirementsundertitleVoftheNationalSecurity 8
Actof1947(50U.S.C.3091etseq.)oranyauthor-9
izedintelligenceactivitiesoftheUnitedStates. 10
(2)EXCEPTION TOCOMPLY WITHINTER-11
NATIONALOBLIGATIONS ANDFORLAWENFORCE-12
MENTACTIVITIES.—Sanctionsauthorizedunderthis 13
sectionshallnotapplywithrespecttoanalienifad-14
mittingorparolingthealienintotheUnitedStates 15
isnecessary— 16
(A)topermittheUnitedStatestocomply 17
withtheAgreementregardingtheHead-18
quartersoftheUnitedNations,signedatLake 19
SuccessJune26,1947,andenteredintoforce 20
November21,1947,betweentheUnitedNa-21
tionsandtheUnitedStates,orotherapplicable 22
internationalobligations;or 23
(B)tocarryoutorassistauthorizedlaw 24
enforcementactivityintheUnitedStates. 25
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(3)EXCEPTIONRELATINGTOIMPORTATION OF 1
GOODS.—Theauthoritiesandrequirementstoim-2
posesanctionsauthorizedunderthissectionshall 3
notincludetheauthorityorarequirementtoimpose 4
sanctionsontheimportationofgoods. 5
(h)TERMINATION OFSANCTIONS.—Thissection 6
shallceasetobeeffectivebeginningonthedatethatis 7
30daysafterthedateonwhichthePresidentcertifies 8
totheappropriatecongressionalcommitteesthat— 9
(1)theGovernmentofIrannolongerprovides 10
supportforinternationalterrorism,asdetermined 11
bytheSecretaryofStatepursuantto— 12
(A)section1754(c)(1)(A)oftheExport 13
ControlReformActof2018(50U.S.C. 14
4318(c)(1)(A)); 15
(B)section620AoftheForeignAssistance 16
Actof1961(22U.S.C.2371); 17
(C)section40oftheArmsExportControl 18
Act(22U.S.C.2780);or 19
(D)anyotherprovisionoflaw;and 20
(2)Iranhasceasedthepursuit,acquisition, 21
anddevelopmentof,andverifiablydismantled,its 22
nuclear,biological,andchemicalweaponsandbal-23
listicmissilesandballisticmissilelaunchtechnology. 24
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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLES. 1
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Making Iran Sanctions 2
Stick In Lieu of Expiration of Sanctions Act’’ or the ‘‘MIS-3
SILES Act’’. 4
SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 5
Congress makes the following findings: 6
(1) Annex B to United Nations Security Council 7
Resolution 2231 (2015) restricts certain missile-re-8
lated activities and transfers to and from Iran, in-9
cluding all items, materials, equipment, goods, and 10
technology set out in the Missile Technology Control 11
Regime Annex, absent advance, case-by-case approval 12
from the United Nations Security Council. 13
(2) Iran has transferred Shahed and Mohajer 14
drones, covered under the Missile Technology Control 15
Regime Annex, to the Russian Federation, the Gov-16
ernment of Ethiopia, and other Iran-aligned entities, 17
including the Houthis in Yemen and militia units in 18
Iraq, without prior authorization from the United 19
Nations Security Council, in violation of the restric-20
tions set forth in Annex B to United Nations Security 21
Council Resolution 2231. 22
(3) Absent action by the United Nations Security 23
Council, certain missile-related restrictions in Annex 24
B to United Nations Security Council Resolution 25
2231 will expire in October 2023, removing inter-26
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national legal restrictions on missile-related activities 1
and transfers to and from Iran. 2
SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 3
It is the policy of the United States— 4
(1) to combat and deter the transfer of conven-5
tional and non-conventional arms, equipment, mate-6
rial, and technology to or from Iran, or involving the 7
Government of Iran; 8
(2) to ensure countries, individuals, and entities 9
engaged in, or attempting to engage in, the acquisi-10
tion, facilitation, or development of arms and related 11
components and technology and subject to restrictions 12
under Annex B to United Nations Security Council 13
Resolution 2231 are held to account under United 14
States and international law, including through the 15
application and enforcement of sanctions and use of 16
export controls, regardless of whether the restrictions 17
under Annex B to United Nations Security Council 18
Resolution 2231 remain in effect following their an-19
ticipated expiration in October 2023; 20
(3) to urgently seek the extension of missile-re-21
lated restrictions set forth in Annex B to United Na-22
tions Security Council Resolution 2231 (2015); and 23
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(4) to use all available authorities to constrain 1
Iran’s domestic ballistic missile production capabili-2
ties. 3
SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS. 4
In this Act: 5
(1) A
PPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT -6
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit-7
tees’’ means— 8
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 9
the Senate; 10
(B) the Committee on Banking, Housing, 11
and Urban Affairs of the Senate; 12
(C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 13
House of Representatives; and 14
(D) the Committee on the Judiciary of the 15
House of Representatives. 16
(2) C
OVERED TECHNOLOGY .—The term ‘‘covered 17
technology’’ means— 18
(A) any goods, technology, software, or re-19
lated material specified in the Missile Tech-20
nology Control Regime Annex, as in effect on the 21
day before the date of the enactment of this Act; 22
and 23
(B) any additional goods, technology, soft-24
ware, or related material added to the Missile 25
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Technology Control Regime Annex after the day 1
before the date of the enactment of this Act. 2
(3) F
OREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per-3
son’’— 4
(A) means an individual or entity that is 5
not a United States person; and 6
(B) includes a foreign state (as such term is 7
defined in section 1603 of title 28, United States 8
Code). 9
(4) G
OOD.—The term ‘‘good’’ means any article, 10
natural or manmade substance, material, supply or 11
manufactured product, including inspection and test 12
equipment, and excluding technical data. 13
(5) G
OVERNMENT OF IRAN.—The term ‘‘Govern-14
ment of Iran’’ has the meaning given such term in 15
section 560.304 of title 31, Code of Federal Regula-16
tions, as such section was in effect on January 1, 17
2021. 18
(6) I
RAN-ALIGNED ENTITY.—The term ‘‘Iran- 19
aligned entity’’ means a foreign person that— 20
(A) is controlled by or reports directly to 21
the Government of Iran; and 22
(B) knowingly receives material or finan-23
cial support from the Government of Iran, in-24
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cluding Hezbollah, Ansar Allah, or another Ira-1
nian-backed proxy group. 2
(7) K
NOWINGLY.—The term ‘‘knowingly’’ has the 3
meaning given such term in section 14(13) of the 4
Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note). 5
(8) M
ISSILE TECHNOLOGY CONTROL REGIME .— 6
The term ‘‘Missile Technology Control Regime’’ means 7
the policy statement between the United States, the 8
United Kingdom, the Federal Republic of Germany, 9
France, Italy, Canada, and Japan that was an-10
nounced on April 16, 1987, to restrict sensitive mis-11
sile-relevant transfers based on the Missile Technology 12
Control Regime Annex, and any amendments thereto 13
or expansions thereof, as in effect on the day before 14
the date of the enactment of this Act. 15
(9) M
ISSILE TECHNOLOGY CONTROL REGIME 16
ANNEX.—The term ‘‘Missile Technology Control Re-17
gime Annex’’ means the Guidelines and Equipment 18
and Technology Annex of the Missile Technology Con-19
trol Regime, and any amendments thereto or updates 20
thereof, as in effect on the day before the date of the 21
enactment of this Act. 22
(10) U
NITED STATES PERSON .—The terms 23
‘‘United States person’’ means— 24
(A) a United States citizen; 25
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(B) a permanent resident alien of the 1
United States; 2
(C) an entity organized under the laws of 3
the United States or of any jurisdiction within 4
the United States, including a foreign branch of 5
such an entity; or 6
(D) a person in the United States. 7
SEC. 5. DEPARTMENT OF STATE REPORT ON DIPLOMATIC 8
STRATEGY AND OTHER ASPECTS OF UNITED 9
NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 10
2231 EXPIRATIONS. 11
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment 12
of this Act, and annually thereafter for the following 4 13
years, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the heads 14
of other relevant departments and agencies, shall submit to 15
the appropriate congressional committees an unclassified 16
report, with a classified annex, if necessary, that includes— 17
(1) a diplomatic strategy to secure the renewal 18
of international restrictions on certain missile-related 19
activities, including transfers to and from Iran set 20
forth in Annex B to United Nations Security Council 21
Resolution 2231 (2015) before October 2023; 22
(2) an analysis of how the expiration of missile- 23
related restrictions set forth in Annex B to United 24
Nations Security Council Resolution 2231 would im-25
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pact the Government of Iran’s arms proliferation and 1
malign activities, including as the restrictions relate 2
to cooperation with, and support for, Iran-aligned en-3
tities and allied countries; 4
(3) an assessment of the revenue, or non-cash 5
benefits, to be accrued by the Government of Iran, or 6
Iran-aligned entities, as a result of a lapse in missile- 7
related restrictions set forth in Annex B to United 8
Nations Security Council Resolution 2231; 9
(4) a detailed description of the United States 10
strategy to deter, prevent, and disrupt the sale, pur-11
chase, or transfer of covered technology involving Iran 12
absent restrictions set forth in Annex B to United Na-13
tions Security Council Resolution 2231; 14
(5) the identification of any foreign person en-15
gaging in, enabling, or otherwise facilitating any ac-16
tivity involving Iran restricted under Annex B to 17
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231, re-18
gardless of whether such restrictions remain in effect 19
after October 2023; 20
(6) a description of actions by the United Na-21
tions and other multilateral organizations, including 22
the European Union, to hold accountable foreign per-23
sons that have violated the restrictions set forth in 24
Annex B to United Nations Security Council Resolu-25
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tion 2231, and efforts to prevent further violations of 1
such restrictions; 2
(7) a description of actions by individual mem-3
ber states of the United Nations Security Council to 4
hold accountable foreign persons that have violated re-5
strictions set forth in Annex B to United Nations Se-6
curity Council Resolution 2231 and efforts to prevent 7
further violations of such restrictions; 8
(8) a description of actions taken by the People’s 9
Republic of China, the Russian Federation, or any 10
other country to prevent, interfere with, or undermine 11
efforts to hold accountable foreign persons that have 12
violated the restrictions set forth in Annex B to 13
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231, in-14
cluding actions to restrict United Nations-led inves-15
tigations into suspected violations of such restrictions 16
or limit funding to relevant United Nations offices or 17
experts; 18
(9) an analysis of the foreign and domestic sup-19
ply chains in Iran that directly or indirectly facili-20
tate, support, or otherwise aid the Government of 21
Iran’s drone or missile program, including storage, 22
transportation, or flight-testing of related goods, tech-23
nology, or components; 24
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(10) the identification of any foreign entity or 1
entities that enables, supports, or otherwise facilitates 2
the operations or maintenance of any Iranian airline 3
subject to United States sanctions or export control 4
restrictions; 5
(11) an assessment of how the continued oper-6
ation of Iranian airlines subject to United States 7
sanctions or export control restrictions impacts the 8
Government of Iran’s ability to transport or develop 9
arms, including covered technology; and 10
(12) a description of actions taken by the Peo-11
ple’s Republic of China, the Russian Federation, or 12
any other country that has violated the restrictions 13
set forth in Annex B of United Nations Security 14
Council Resolution 2231, including any purchase, 15
transfer, or acquisition of covered technology or com-16
ponent parts. 17
SEC. 6. COMBATING THE PROLIFERATION OF IRANIAN MIS-18
SILES. 19
(a) I
NGENERAL.—The actions, including sanctions, 20
described in subsection (b) shall apply to any foreign person 21
the President determines, on or after the date of the enact-22
ment of this Act— 23
(1) knowingly engages in any effort to acquire, 24
possess, develop, transport, transfer, or deploy covered 25
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technology to, from, or involving the Government of 1
Iran or Iran-aligned entities, regardless of whether 2
the restrictions set forth in Annex B to United Na-3
tions Security Council Resolution 2231 (2015) re-4
main in effect after October 2023; 5
(2) knowingly provides entities owned or con-6
trolled by the Government of Iran or Iran-aligned en-7
tities with goods, technology, parts, or components, 8
that may contribute to the development of covered 9
technology; 10
(3) knowingly participates in joint missile or 11
drone development, including development of covered 12
technology, with the Government of Iran or Iran- 13
aligned entities, including technical training, storage, 14
and transport; 15
(4) knowingly imports, exports, or re-exports to, 16
into, or from Iran, whether directly or indirectly, any 17
significant arms or related materiel prohibited under 18
paragraph (5) or (6) to Annex B of United Nations 19
Security Council Resolution 2231 (2015) as of April 20
1, 2023; or 21
(5) knowingly provides significant financial, 22
material, or technological support to, or knowingly 23
engages in a significant transaction with, a foreign 24
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person subject to sanctions for conduct described in 1
paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4). 2
(b) S
ANCTIONSDESCRIBED.—The sanctions described 3
in this subsection are the following: 4
(1) B
LOCKING OF PROPERTY .—The President 5
shall exercise all authorities granted under the Inter-6
national Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 7
1701 et seq.) to the extent necessary to block and pro-8
hibit all transactions in property and interests in 9
property of the foreign person if such property and 10
interests in property are in the United States, come 11
within the United States, or are or come within the 12
possession or control of a United States person. 13
(2) I
NELIGIBILITY FOR VISAS, ADMISSION, OR PA-14
ROLE.— 15
(A) V
ISAS, ADMISSION, OR PAROLE.—An 16
alien described in subsection (a) shall be— 17
(i) inadmissible to the United States; 18
(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 19
documentation to enter the United States; 20
and 21
(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 22
or paroled into the United States or to re-23
ceive any other benefit under the Immigra-24
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tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 1
seq.). 2
(B) C
URRENT VISAS REVOKED.— 3
(i) I
N GENERAL.—The visa or other 4
entry documentation of any alien described 5
in subsection (a) is subject to revocation re-6
gardless of the issue date of the visa or other 7
entry documentation. 8
(ii) I
MMEDIATE EFFECT .—A revoca-9
tion under clause (i) shall, in accordance 10
with section 221(i) of the Immigration and 11
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i))— 12
(I) take effect immediately; and 13
(II) cancel any other valid visa or 14
entry documentation that is in the pos-15
session of the alien. 16
(c) P
ENALTIES.—Any person that violates, or attempts 17
to violate, subsection (a) or any regulation, license, or order 18
issued pursuant to that subsection, shall be subject to the 19
penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 20
of the International Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) 21
to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful 22
act described in subsection (a) of that section. 23
(d) W
AIVER.—The President may waive the applica-24
tion of sanctions under this section with respect to a foreign 25
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person for renewable periods not to exceed 180 days only 1
if, not later than 15 days before the date on which the waiv-2
er is to take effect, the President submits to the appropriate 3
congressional committees a written determination and jus-4
tification that the waiver is in the vital national security 5
interests of the United States. 6
(e) I
MPLEMENTATION.—The President may exercise all 7
the authorities provided under sections 203 and 205 of the 8
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 9
1702 and 1704) to carry out this section. 10
(f) R
ULEMAKING.— 11
(1) I
N GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after 12
the date of the enactment of this Act, the President, 13
in consultation with the Secretary of State, shall pro-14
mulgate any regulations that are necessary to imple-15
ment this Act. 16
(2) N
OTIFICATION TO CONGRESS.—Not less than 17
10 days before the promulgation of regulations pursu-18
ant to paragraph (1), the President shall submit to 19
the appropriate congressional committees— 20
(A) a copy of the proposed regulations; and 21
(B) a description of the specific provisions 22
of this Act that such regulations are imple-23
menting. 24
(g) E
XCEPTIONS.— 25
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(1) EXCEPTION FOR INTELLIGENCE ACTIVI -1
TIES.—Sanctions authorized under this section shall 2
not apply to any activity subject to the reporting re-3
quirements under title V of the National Security Act 4
of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any authorized in-5
telligence activities of the United States. 6
(2) E
XCEPTION TO COMPLY WITH INTER -7
NATIONAL OBLIGATIONS AND FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT 8
ACTIVITIES.—Sanctions authorized under this section 9
shall not apply with respect to an alien if admitting 10
or paroling the alien into the United States is nec-11
essary— 12
(A) to permit the United States to comply 13
with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters 14
of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success 15
June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 16
21, 1947, between the United Nations and the 17
United States, or other applicable international 18
obligations; or 19
(B) to carry out or assist authorized law 20
enforcement activity in the United States. 21
(3) E
XCEPTION RELATING TO IMPORTATION OF 22
GOODS.—The authorities and requirements to impose 23
sanctions authorized under this section shall not in-24
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clude the authority or a requirement to impose sanc-1
tions on the importation of goods. 2
(h) T
ERMINATION OFSANCTIONS.—This section shall 3
cease to be effective beginning on the date that is 30 days 4
after the date on which the President certifies to the appro-5
priate congressional committees that— 6
(1) the Government of Iran no longer provides 7
support for international terrorism, as determined by 8
the Secretary of State pursuant to— 9
(A) section 1754(c)(1)(A) of the Export 10
Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 11
4318(c)(1)(A)); 12
(B) section 620A of the Foreign Assistance 13
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371); 14
(C) section 40 of the Arms Export Control 15
Act (22 U.S.C. 2780); or 16
(D) any other provision of law; and 17
(2) Iran has ceased the pursuit, acquisition, and 18
development of, and verifiably dismantled, its nu-19
clear, biological, and chemical weapons and ballistic 20
missiles and ballistic missile launch technology. 21
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SEC. 7. REPORT TO IDENTIFY, AND DESIGNATION AS FOR-1
EIGN TERRORIST ORGANIZATIONS OF, IRA-2
NIAN PERSONS THAT HAVE ATTACKED 3
UNITED STATES CITIZENS USING UNMANNED 4
COMBAT AERIAL VEHICLES. 5
(a) I
NGENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 6
date of the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days there-7
after, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate 8
congressional committees a report that identifies, for the pe-9
riod specified in subsection (b), any Iranian person that 10
has attacked a United States citizen using an unmanned 11
combat aerial vehicle, as defined for the purpose of the 12
United Nations Register of Conventional Arms. 13
(b) P
ERIODSPECIFIED.—The period specified in this 14
subsection is— 15
(1) for the initial report, the period— 16
(A) beginning on October 27, 2023; and 17
(B) ending on the date such report is sub-18
mitted; and 19
(2) for the second or a subsequent report, the pe-20
riod— 21
(A) beginning on the date the preceding re-22
port was submitted; and 23
(B) ending on the date such second or subse-24
quent report is submitted. 25
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(c) DESIGNATION OFPERSONS ASFOREIGNTER-1
RORISTORGANIZATIONS.— 2
(1) I
N GENERAL.—The President shall designate 3
any person identified in a report submitted under 4
subsection (a) as a foreign terrorist organization 5
under section 219 of the Immigration and Natu-6
ralization Act (8 U.S.C. 1189). 7
(2) R
EVOCATION.—The President may not revoke 8
a designation made under paragraph (1) until the 9
date that is 4 years after the date of such designation. 10
(d) W
AIVER.—The Secretary of State may waive the 11
requirements of this section upon a determination and cer-12
tification to the appropriate congressional committees that 13
such a waiver is in the vital national security interests of 14
the United States. 15
(e) S
UNSET.—This section shall terminate on the date 16
that is 4 years after the date of the enactment of this Act. 17
(f) I
RANIANPERSONDEFINED.—In this section, the 18
term ‘‘Iranian person’’— 19
(1) means an entity organized under the laws of 20
Iran or otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of the 21
Government of Iran; and 22
(2) includes the Islamic Revolutionary Guard 23
Corps. 24
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SEC. 8. REPORT ON IMPACTS ON THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC 1
OF IRAN OF SANCTIONS IMPOSED BY THE 2
UNITED STATES. 3
(a) I
NGENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 4
date of the enactment this Act, the Secretary of State, in 5
consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and draw-6
ing on subject-matter experts including economists and stat-7
isticians from the Department of State and the Department 8
of the Treasury, shall submit to the appropriate congres-9
sional committees a report on the impacts on the Islamic 10
Republic of Iran of sanctions imposed by the United States. 11
(b) E
LEMENTS.—The report required by subsection (a) 12
shall include an assessment of the following: 13
(1) The impact of sanctions imposed by the 14
United States on the following: 15
(A) Problematic activities and policies of 16
the Islamic Republic of Iran, including ballistic 17
missile development, proliferation of Iranian 18
drones and missiles to state and non-state actors, 19
uranium enrichment, and funding of terrorist 20
groups in the ‘‘Axis of Resistance’’, and how 21
sanctions have meaningfully impacted the ability 22
of such groups to operate. 23
(B) Key officials of the Iranian regime, in-24
cluding their access to alternative financial mar-25
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•S 2336 RS
kets, their standard of living, and impacts to 1
their personal wealth. 2
(C) The operations of independent civil so-3
ciety organizations in Iran, including the ability 4
of such organizations to access products that 5
would allow them to document and share human 6
rights abuses, promote democratic norms, and 7
engage in political dissent. 8
(D) The efficacy of licensing actions aimed 9
at ensuring the people of Iran have access to cir-10
cumvention technologies around Iranian regime 11
firewalls and censors to promote internet free-12
dom, including General License D-2 of the De-13
partment of the Treasury. 14
(E) The standard of living of the people of 15
Iran, including— 16
(i) the impact on the purchasing power 17
of the people of Iran and their ability to af-18
ford and acquire food and medicine; and 19
(ii) changes in the size of the working 20
and middle classes in Iran, including im-21
pacts to the poverty rate in Iran. 22
(F) The growth of unofficial economies con-23
trolled by officials of the Iranian regime and 24
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members of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard 1
Corps. 2
(2) What industries in Iran remain unaffected 3
by such sanctions. 4
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372
118
TH
CONGRESS
2
D
S
ESSION
S. 2336 A BILL
To address the threat from the development of
Iran’s ballistic missile program and the transfer
or deployment of Iranian missiles and related
goods and technology, including materials and
equipment, and for other purposes.
M
AY
7, 2024
Reported with an amendment
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