II
Calendar No. 651
118THCONGRESS
2
DSESSION S. 59
[Report No. 118–250]
To implement merit-based reforms to the civil service hiring system that
replace degree-based hiring with skills- and competency-based hiring.
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
JANUARY24 (legislative day, JANUARY3), 2023
Ms. S
INEMA(for herself, Mr. HAGERTY, Mr. LANKFORD, and Mr. CARPER)
introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the
Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
D
ECEMBER2, 2024
Reported by Mr. P
ETERS, with an amendment
[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic]
A BILL
To implement merit-based reforms to the civil service hiring
system that replace degree-based hiring with skills- and
competency-based hiring.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
SECTION1.SHORTTITLE. 3
ThisActmaybecitedasthe‘‘ChancetoCompete 4
Actof2023’’. 5
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SEC.2.DEFINITIONS. 1
(a)TERMSDEFINEDINSECTION3304OFTITLE5, 2
UNITEDSTATESCODE.—InthisAct,theterms‘‘agency’’, 3
‘‘Director’’,‘‘examiningagency’’,‘‘Office’’,‘‘subjectmat-4
terexpert’’,and‘‘technicalassessment’’havethemean-5
ingsgiventhosetermsinsubsection(c)(1)ofsection3304 6
oftitle5,UnitedStatesCode,asaddedbysection3(a). 7
(b)OTHERTERMS.—InthisAct,theterm‘‘competi-8
tiveservice’’hasthemeaninggiventheterminsection 9
2102oftitle5,UnitedStatesCode. 10
SEC.3.DEFINING THETERM‘‘EXAMINATION’’ FORPUR-11
POSES OFHIRING INTHECOMPETITIVE 12
SERVICE. 13
(a)EXAMINATIONS;TECHNICALASSESSMENTS.— 14
(1)INGENERAL.—Section3304oftitle5, 15
UnitedStatesCode,isamended— 16
(A)byredesignatingsubsections(c) 17
through(f)assubsections(d)through(g),re-18
spectively;and 19
(B)byinsertingaftersubsection(b)the 20
following: 21
‘‘(c)EXAMINATIONS.— 22
‘‘(1)DEFINITIONS.— 23
‘‘(A)EXAMINATION DEFINED FORPUR-24
POSESOFTHISCHAPTER.—Forpurposesof 25
thischapter,theterm‘examination’— 26
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‘‘(i)meansanopportunitytodirectly 1
demonstrateknowledge,skills,abilities, 2
andcompetencies,throughapassingscore 3
assessment; 4
‘‘(ii)includesare´sume´reviewthat 5
is— 6
‘‘(I)conductedbyasubjectmat-7
terexpert;and 8
‘‘(II)baseduponindicators 9
that— 10
‘‘(aa)arederivedfromajob 11
analysis;and 12
‘‘(bb)beararationalrela-13
tionshiptoperformanceinthe 14
positionforwhichtheexamining 15
agencyishiring;and 16
‘‘(iii)onandafterthedatethatis2 17
yearsafterthedateofenactmentofthe 18
ChancetoCompeteActof2023,doesnot 19
includeaself-assessmentfromanauto-20
matedexamination,are´sume´review(ex-21
ceptasprovidedinclause(ii)),orany 22
othermethodofdeterminingtheexperi-23
enceorlevelofeducationalattainmentof 24
anindividual,alone. 25
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‘‘(B)OTHERTERMS.—Inthissubsection— 1
‘‘(i)theterm‘agency’meansanagen-2
cydescribedinsection901(b)oftitle31; 3
‘‘(ii)theterm‘Director’meansthe 4
DirectoroftheOffice; 5
‘‘(iii)theterm‘examiningagency’ 6
means— 7
‘‘(I)theOffice;or 8
‘‘(II)anagencytowhichtheDi-9
rectorhasdelegatedexaminingau-10
thorityundersection1104(a)(2)of 11
thistitle; 12
‘‘(iv)theterm‘Office’meanstheOf-13
ficeofPersonnelManagement; 14
‘‘(v)theterm‘passingscoreassess-15
ment’meansanassessmentthatanindi-16
vidualcanpassorfail; 17
‘‘(vi)theterm‘subjectmatterexpert’ 18
meansanemployeeorselectingofficial— 19
‘‘(I)whopossessesunderstanding 20
ofthedutiesof,andknowledge,skills, 21
andabilitiesrequiredfor,theposition 22
forwhichtheemployeeorselectingof-23
ficialisdevelopingoradministering 24
anassessment;and 25
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‘‘(II)whomthedelegatedexam-1
iningunitoftheagencythatemploys 2
theemployeeorselectingofficialdes-3
ignatestoassistinthedevelopment 4
andadministrationoftechnicalas-5
sessmentsunderparagraph(2);and 6
‘‘(vii)theterm‘technicalassessment’ 7
meansanassessmentdevelopedunder 8
paragraph(2)(A)(i)that— 9
‘‘(I)allowsforthedemonstration 10
ofjob-relatedtechnicalskills,abilities, 11
andknowledge; 12
‘‘(II)(aa)isbaseduponajob 13
analysis; 14
‘‘(bb)isrelevanttotheposition 15
forwhichtheassessmentisdeveloped; 16
and 17
‘‘(cc)doesnotdiscriminateon 18
thebasisofaprotectedstatus,ases-19
tablishedbytheDirectorinregula-20
tionsimplementingthissubsection; 21
and 22
‘‘(III)mayinclude— 23
‘‘(aa)astructuredinterview; 24
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‘‘(bb)awork-relatedexer-1
cise; 2
‘‘(cc)acustomorgeneric 3
procedureusedtomeasureanin-4
dividual’semploymentorcareer- 5
relatedqualificationsandinter-6
ests;or 7
‘‘(dd)anotherassessment 8
thatmeetsthecriteriaunder 9
subclauses(I)and(II). 10
‘‘(2)TECHNICALASSESSMENTS.— 11
‘‘(A)INGENERAL.—Forthepurposeof 12
conductinganexaminationforapositioninthe 13
competitiveservice,asubjectmatterexpertwho 14
isdeterminedbythesubjectmatterexpert’s 15
agencytobeanexpertinthesubjectandjob 16
fieldoftheposition,asaffirmedandauditedby 17
theChiefHumanCapitalOfficerorHumanRe-18
sourcesDirector(asapplicable)ofthatagency, 19
may— 20
‘‘(i)develop,inpartnershipwith 21
humanresourcesemployeesoftheexam-22
iningagency,aposition-specificassessment 23
thatisrelevanttotheposition;and 24
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‘‘(ii)administertheassessmentdevel-1
opedunderclause(i)to— 2
‘‘(I)determinewhetheranappli-3
cantforthepositionhasapassing 4
scoretobequalifiedfortheposition; 5
or 6
‘‘(II)rankapplicantsforthepo-7
sitionforcategoryratingpurposes 8
undersection3319. 9
‘‘(B)SHARINGANDCUSTOMIZATION OF 10
ASSESSMENTS.— 11
‘‘(i)SHARING.—Anexaminingagency 12
mayshareatechnicalassessmentwithan-13
otherexaminingagencyifeachagency 14
maintainsappropriatecontroloverexam-15
inationmaterial. 16
‘‘(ii)CUSTOMIZATION.—Anexamining 17
agencywithwhichatechnicalassessment 18
issharedunderclause(i)maycustomize 19
theassessmentasappropriate,provided 20
thattheresultingassessmentsatisfiesthe 21
requirementsunderpart300oftitle5, 22
CodeofFederalRegulations(oranysuc-23
cessorregulation). 24
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‘‘(iii)PLATFORM FORSHARINGAND 1
CUSTOMIZATION.— 2
‘‘(I)INGENERAL.—TheDirector 3
shallestablishandoperateaplatform 4
onwhichexaminingagenciescan 5
shareandcustomizetechnicalassess-6
mentsunderthissubparagraph. 7
‘‘(II)GUIDANCE.—Notlaterthan 8
1yearafterthedateofenactmentof 9
theChancetoCompeteActof2023, 10
theDirectorshallissueguidanceto 11
examiningagenciesonhowtoeffi-12
cientlyandeffectivelyshareassess-13
mentsusingtheplatformestablished 14
undersubclause(I). 15
‘‘(C)ADOPTIONOFDETERMINATIONS BY 16
OTHERAGENCIES.—Forpurposesofsections 17
3318(b)and3319(c),anappointingauthority, 18
otherthantheappointingauthorityrequesting 19
acertificateofeligibles,thatselectsanindi-20
vidualfromthatcertificateinaccordancewith 21
suchsection3318(b)or3319(c)mayadoptthe 22
determinationdescribedinsubparagraph(A)of 23
thisparagraphofasubjectmatterexpertem-24
ployedbytherequestingappointingauthority 25
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insteadofadministeringanadditionaltechnical 1
assessmentoftheindividual.’’. 2
(2)ALTERNATIVE RANKING ANDSELECTION 3
PROCEDURES.—Section3319(a)oftitle5,United 4
StatesCode,isamendedbyaddingattheendthe 5
following:‘‘Tobeplacedinaqualitycategoryunder 6
theprecedingsentence,anapplicantshallbere-7
quiredtohavepassedanexaminationinaccordance 8
withsection3304(b),subjecttotheexceptionsin 9
thatsection.’’. 10
(3)TECHNICAL ANDCONFORMING AMEND-11
MENT.—Section3330a(a)(1)(B)oftitle5,United 12
StatesCode,isamendedbystriking‘‘section 13
3304(f)(1)’’andinserting‘‘section3304(g)(1)’’. 14
(b)IMPLEMENTATION OFPASSINGSCOREASSESS-15
MENTREQUIREMENT.—Notlaterthan2yearsafterthe 16
dateofenactmentofthisAct,theDirectorandthehead 17
ofanyotherexaminingagencyshalleliminatetheuseof 18
anyexaminationforthecompetitiveservicethatdoesnot 19
satisfythedefinitionoftheterm‘‘examination’’insub-20
section(c)(1)(A)ofsection3304oftitle5,UnitedStates 21
Code,asaddedbysubsection(a)ofthissection. 22
(c)OPMREPORTING.— 23
(1)PUBLICDASHBOARD.— 24
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(A)INGENERAL.—TheDirectorshall 1
maintainandperiodicallyupdateapublicly 2
availabledashboardthat,withrespecttoeach 3
positioninthecompetitiveserviceforwhichan 4
examiningagencyexaminedapplicantsduring 5
theapplicableperiod,includes— 6
(i)thetypeofassessmentused,such 7
as— 8
(I)abehavioraloff-the-shelfas-9
sessment; 10
(II)are´sume´reviewconducted 11
byasubjectmatterexpert; 12
(III)aninterviewconductedbya 13
subjectmatterexpert; 14
(IV)atechnicaloff-the-shelfas-15
sessment;or 16
(V)acognitiveabilitytest; 17
(ii)whetherornottheagencyselected 18
acandidatefortheposition;and 19
(iii)thehiringauthorityusedtofill 20
theposition. 21
(B)TIMING.— 22
(i)INITIALDATA.—Notlaterthan 23
180daysafterthedateofenactmentof 24
thisAct,theDirectorshallupdatethe 25
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dashboarddescribedinsubparagraph(A) 1
withdataforpositionsinthecompetitive 2
serviceforwhichanexaminingagencyex-3
aminedapplicantsduringtheperiodbegin-4
ningonthedateofenactmentofthisAct 5
andendingonthedateofsubmissionof 6
thereport. 7
(ii)SUBSEQUENT UPDATES.—Not 8
laterthanOctober1ofeachfiscalyearbe-9
ginningafterthedateonwhichthedash-10
boardisinitiallyupdatedunderclause(i), 11
theDirectorshallupdatethedashboard 12
describedinsubparagraph(A)withdata 13
forpositionsinthecompetitiveservicefor 14
whichanexaminingagencyexaminedap-15
plicantsduringtheprecedingfiscalyear. 16
(2)ANNUALPROGRESSREPORT.— 17
(A)INGENERAL.—Eachyear,theDirec-18
tor,inaccordancewithsubparagraphs(B)and 19
(C),shallmakepubliclyavailableandsubmitto 20
Congressanoverallprogressreportthatin-21
cludessummarydataoftheuseofexaminations 22
(asdefinedinsubsection(c)(1)(A)ofsection 23
3304oftitle5,UnitedStatesCode,asadded 24
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bysubsection(a)ofthissection)forthecom-1
petitiveservice,includingtechnicalassessments. 2
(B)CATEGORIES;BASELINE DATA.—In 3
carryingoutsubparagraph(A),theDirector 4
shall— 5
(i)breakthedatadownbyapplicant 6
demographicindicator,includingveteran 7
status,race,gender,disability,andany 8
othermeasuretheDirectordeterminesap-9
propriate;and 10
(ii)usethedataavailableasofOcto-11
ber1,2020,asabaseline. 12
(C)LIMITATIONS.—Incarryingoutsub-13
paragraph(A),theDirectormayonlymake 14
publiclyavailableandsubmittoCongressdata 15
relatingtoexaminationsforwhich— 16
(i)therelatedannouncementis 17
closed; 18
(ii)certificateshavebeenaudited;and 19
(iii)allhiringprocessesarecom-20
pleted. 21
(d)GAOREPORT.—Notlaterthan5yearsafterthe 22
dateofenactmentofthisAct,theComptrollerGeneral 23
oftheUnitedStatesshallsubmittoCongressareport 24
that— 25
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(1)assessestheimplementationofthissection 1
andtheamendmentsmadebythissection; 2
(2)assessestheimpactandmodificationstothe 3
hiringprocessforthecompetitiveservicemadeby 4
thissectionandtheamendmentsmadebythissec-5
tion;and 6
(3)makesrecommendationsfortheimprove-7
mentofthehiringprocessforthecompetitiveserv-8
ice. 9
SEC.4.AMENDMENTS TOCOMPETITIVE SERVICE ACTOF 10
2015. 11
(a)PLATFORMS FORSHARINGCERTIFICATES OF 12
ELIGIBLES.—Section3318(b)oftitle5,UnitedStates 13
Code,isamended— 14
(1)inparagraph(1),bystriking‘‘240-day’’ 15
andinserting‘‘1-year’’; 16
(2)byredesignatingparagraph(5)aspara-17
graph(6);and 18
(3)byinsertingafterparagraph(4)thefol-19
lowing: 20
‘‘(5)PLATFORMFORSHARINGRE´SUME´SOFIN-21
DIVIDUALSONCERTIFICATES OFELIGIBLES.—The 22
DirectoroftheOfficeshallestablishandoperatea 23
platformonwhichanappointingauthoritycan 24
share,withotherappointingauthoritiesandthe 25
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ChiefHumanCapitalOfficersCouncilestablished 1
undersection1303oftheChiefHumanCapitalOf-2
ficersActof2002(5U.S.C.1401note;PublicLaw 3
107–296),there´sume´sofindividualswhoareona 4
certificateofeligiblesrequestedbytheappointing 5
authority.’’. 6
(b)MAXIMIZINGSHARINGOFAPPLICANTINFORMA-7
TION.—Section2oftheCompetitiveServiceActof2015 8
(PublicLaw114–137;130Stat.310)isamended— 9
(1)byredesignatingsubsections(c)and(d)as 10
subsections(d)and(e),respectively;and 11
(2)byinsertingaftersubsection(b)thefol-12
lowing: 13
‘‘(c)MAXIMIZINGSHARINGOFAPPLICANTINFORMA-14
TION.— 15
‘‘(1)DEFINITIONS.—Inthissubsection— 16
‘‘(A)theterms‘agency’,‘Director’,and 17
‘Office’havethemeaningsgiventhosetermsin 18
section3304(c)(1)oftitle5,UnitedStates 19
Code;and 20
‘‘(B)theterm‘competitiveservice’hasthe 21
meaninggiventheterminsection2102oftitle 22
5,UnitedStatesCode. 23
‘‘(2)MAXIMIZING SHARING.—TheDirector 24
shallmaximizethesharingofinformationamong 25
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agenciesregardingqualifiedapplicantsforpositions 1
inthecompetitiveservice,includingby— 2
‘‘(A)providingforthedelegationtoother 3
agenciesoftheauthorityoftheOfficetohost 4
multi-agencyhiringactionstoincreasethere-5
turnoninvestmentonhigh-qualitypooledan-6
nouncements;and 7
‘‘(B)sharingcertificatesofeligiblesand 8
accompanyingre´sume´sforappointment.’’. 9
(c)AMENDMENT OFIMPLEMENTING REGULA-10
TIONS.—Notlaterthan180daysafterthedateofenact-11
mentofthisAct,theDirectorshallpromulgateregulations 12
tocarryouttheamendmentsmadebythissection. 13
SEC.5.MODERNIZING ANDREFORMING THEASSESSMENT 14
ANDHIRINGOFFEDERAL JOBCANDIDATES. 15
(a)INGENERAL.—Section3308oftitle5,United 16
StatesCode,isamended— 17
(1)bystriking‘‘scientific,technical,orprofes-18
sional’’; 19
(2)byinserting‘‘legally’’before‘‘performed’’; 20
and 21
(3)byinserting‘‘inajurisdictioninwhichthe 22
dutiesofthepositionaretobeperformed’’after‘‘a 23
prescribedminimumeducation’’. 24
(b)IMPLEMENTATION.— 25
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(1)REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE DOCU-1
MENTS.—Notlaterthan1yearafterthedateofen-2
actmentofthisAct,theDirectorshallamendall 3
regulationsandguidancedocumentsasnecessaryto 4
implementtheamendmentsmadebysubsection(a). 5
(2)HIRINGPRACTICES.—Notlaterthan1year 6
afterthedateofenactmentofthisAct,theDirector 7
andtheheadofanyotherexaminingagencyshall 8
amendthehiringpracticesoftheOfficeortheother 9
examiningagency,respectively,inaccordancewith 10
theamendmentsmadebysubsection(a). 11
SEC.6.TALENTTEAMS. 12
(a)FEDERALAGENCYTALENTTEAMS.— 13
(1)INGENERAL.—Anagencymayestablish1 14
ormoretalentteams(referredtointhissectionas 15
‘‘agencytalentteams’’),includingatthecomponent 16
level. 17
(2)DUTIES.—Anagencytalentteamshallpro-18
videhiringsupporttotheagencyandotheragencies, 19
includingby— 20
(A)improvingexaminations(asdefinedin 21
subsection(c)(1)(A)ofsection3304oftitle5, 22
UnitedStatesCode,asaddedbysection3(a)); 23
(B)facilitatingwritingjobannouncements 24
forthecompetitiveservice; 25
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(C)sharinghigh-qualitycertificatesofeli-1
gibles;and 2
(D)facilitatinghiringforthecompetitive 3
serviceusingexaminations(asdefinedinsuch 4
subsection(c)(1)(A))andsubjectmatterex-5
perts. 6
(b)OFFICEOFPERSONNELMANAGEMENT.—The 7
DirectormayestablishaFederaltalentteamtosupport 8
agencytalentteamsinfacilitatingpooledhiringactions 9
acrosstheFederalGovernment,providingtraining,and 10
creatingtechnologyplatformstofacilitatehiringforthe 11
competitiveservice,including— 12
(1)thedevelopmentoftechnicalassessments; 13
and 14
(2)thesharingofcertificatesofeligiblesand 15
accompanyingre´sume´sundersections3318(b)and 16
3319(c)oftitle5,UnitedStatesCode. 17
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 18
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Chance to Compete Act 19
of 2024’’. 20
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 21
(a) A
MENDATORYDEFINITIONS.— 22
(1) I
N GENERAL.—Section 3304 of title 5, 23
United States Code, is amended— 24
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(A) by redesignating subsections (b) through 1
(g) as subsections (i) through (n), respectively; 2
(B) by redesignating subsection (a) as sub-3
section (b); and 4
(C) by inserting before subsection (b), as so 5
redesignated, the following: 6
‘‘(a) D
EFINITIONS.—In this section: 7
‘‘(1) A
GENCY.—The term ‘agency’ means an Ex-8
ecutive agency. 9
‘‘(2) D
IRECTOR.—The term ‘Director’ means the 10
Director of the Office. 11
‘‘(3) E
XAMINATION.—The term ‘examination’ 12
means the process by which an applicant dem-13
onstrates knowledge, skills, abilities, and com-14
petencies. 15
‘‘(4) E
XAMINING AGENCY.—The term ‘examining 16
agency’ means— 17
‘‘(A) the Office; or 18
‘‘(B) an agency to which the Director has 19
delegated examining authority under section 20
1104(a)(2). 21
‘‘(5) O
CCUPATIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE .—The term 22
‘occupational questionnaire’ means a rating and ex-23
perience evaluation or assessment questionnaire 24
that— 25
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‘‘(A) is used to screen, rate, and rank an 1
applicant; 2
‘‘(B) is commonly delivered through auto-3
mated staffing systems used for Federal hiring; 4
and 5
‘‘(C) consists of self-ratings of training and 6
experience. 7
‘‘(6) O
FFICE.—The term ‘Office’ means the Office 8
of Personnel Management. 9
‘‘(7) P
ASSING SCORE.—The term ‘passing score’ 10
means a minimum acceptable score or rating, con-11
sistent with applicable law, that may include a quan-12
titative or qualitative assessment that an applicant 13
can pass or fail. 14
‘‘(8) R
ELEVANT COMMITTEES .—The term ‘rel-15
evant committees’ means— 16
‘‘(A) the Committee on Homeland Security 17
and Governmental Affairs of the Senate; and 18
‘‘(B) the Committee on Oversight and Ac-19
countability of the House of Representatives. 20
‘‘(9) R
ESUME REVIEW.—The term ‘resume re-21
view’ means an evaluation of an applicant’s resume 22
that is conducted by a subject matter expert. 23
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‘‘(10) SUBJECT MATTER EXPERT .—The term 1
‘subject matter expert’ means an employee or selecting 2
official— 3
‘‘(A) who possesses an understanding of the 4
duties of, and knowledge, skills, and abilities re-5
quired for, the position for which the employee or 6
selecting official is developing or administering 7
an examination; and 8
‘‘(B) whom the delegated examining unit of 9
the examining agency that employs the employee 10
or selecting official designates to assist in the de-11
velopment and administration of technical as-12
sessments. 13
‘‘(11) T
ECHNICAL ASSESSMENT.—The term ‘tech-14
nical assessment’ means a position-specific tool that 15
is relevant to the position for which the tool is devel-16
oped that— 17
‘‘(A) allows for the demonstration of job-re-18
lated skills, abilities, knowledge, and com-19
petencies; 20
‘‘(B) is based upon a job analysis; and 21
‘‘(C) does not include an occupational ques-22
tionnaire.’’. 23
(2) T
ECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMEND -24
MENTS.— 25
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(A) TITLE 5, UNITED STATES CODE.—Part 1
III of title 5, United States Code, is amended— 2
(i) in chapter 33— 3
(I) in section 3302(2), by striking 4
‘‘3304(a)’’ and inserting ‘‘3304(b)’’; 5
and 6
(II) in section 3330a(a)(1)(B), by 7
striking ‘‘3304(f)(1)’’ and inserting 8
‘‘3304(m)(1)’’; and 9
(ii) in section 9810(b), by striking 10
‘‘3304(b)’’ and inserting ‘‘3304(i)’’. 11
(B) A
CT TO ESTABLISH A COMMISSION ON 12
SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE .—Sec-13
tion 8(d)(2) of the Act entitled, ‘‘An Act to estab-14
lish a Commission on Security and Cooperation 15
in Europe’’, approved June 3, 1976 (22 U.S.C. 16
3008(d)(2)) is amended by striking ‘‘3304(c)(1)’’ 17
and inserting ‘‘3304(j)(1)’’. 18
(C) U.S.-C
HINA RELATIONS ACT OF 2000.— 19
Section 308(e)(2) of the U.S.-China Relations 20
Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 6918(e)(2)) is amended 21
by striking ‘‘3304(c)(1)’’ and inserting 22
‘‘3304(j)(1)’’. 23
(D) E
NERGY INDEPENDENCE AND SECURITY 24
ACT OF 2007.—Section 136(i)(1) of the Energy 25
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Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 1
U.S.C. 17013(i)(1)) is amended by striking 2
‘‘3304(a)(3)’’ and inserting ‘‘3304(b)(3)’’. 3
(E) S
UBSECTION HEADINGS.—Section 3304 4
of title 5, United States Code, as amended by 5
paragraph (1) of this subsection, is amended— 6
(i) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘The 7
President’’ and inserting ‘‘R
ULES.—The 8
President’’; 9
(ii) in subsection (i), by striking ‘‘An 10
individual’’ and inserting ‘‘E
XAMINATION 11
OREXCEPTIONREQUIRED.—An indi-12
vidual’’; 13
(iii) in subsection (j), by striking ‘‘(1) 14
For the purpose’’ and inserting ‘‘T
ECHNI-15
CIANS.—(1) For the purpose’’; 16
(iv) in subsection (k), by striking ‘‘The 17
Office’’ and inserting ‘‘C
ONSIDERATION OF 18
E
XPERIENCE.—The office’’; 19
(v) in subsection (l), by striking ‘‘Em-20
ployees’’ and inserting ‘‘U
SE OFPUBLIC 21
B
UILDINGS.—Employees’’; and 22
(vi) in subsection (m), by striking ‘‘(1) 23
Preference eligibles or veterans’’ and insert-24
ing ‘‘P
REFERENCEELIGIBLES ANDVET-25
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ERANS.—(1) Preference eligibles or vet-1
erans’’. 2
(b) F
REESTANDINGDEFINITIONS.—In this Act— 3
(1) each term that is defined in section 3304(a) 4
of title 5, United States Code, as added by subsection 5
(a) of this section, shall have the meaning given the 6
term in such section 3304(a); and 7
(2) the term ‘‘competitive service’’ has the mean-8
ing given the term in section 2102 of title 5, United 9
States Code. 10
SEC. 3. MODERNIZING FEDERAL HIRING. 11
Section 3304 of title 5, United States Code, is amended 12
by inserting after subsection (b), as redesignated by section 13
2, the following: 14
‘‘(c) E
XAMINATIONS.— 15
‘‘(1) I
N GENERAL.—For the purpose of testing 16
applicants for appointment for a position, or class of 17
positions, in the competitive service, an examining 18
agency shall conduct an examination pursuant to 19
subsection (b). 20
‘‘(2) I
NTERIM EXAMINATION PERIOD .— 21
‘‘(A) P
REFERENCE FOR TECHNICAL ASSESS -22
MENT.—During the 3-year period beginning on 23
the date of enactment of the Chance to Compete 24
Act of 2024, an examining agency shall pref-25
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erence the use of a technical assessment, to the 1
maximum extent practicable, to assess the job-re-2
lated skills, abilities, knowledge, and com-3
petencies of an applicant for a position in the 4
competitive service. 5
‘‘(B) U
SE OF OCCUPATIONAL QUESTION -6
NAIRE.—During the 3-year period beginning on 7
the date of enactment of the Chance to Compete 8
Act of 2024, if an examining agency determines 9
that the use of a technical assessment to assess 10
the job-related skills, abilities, knowledge, and 11
competencies of an applicant for a position in 12
the competitive service is not practicable, the ex-13
amining agency may use an occupational ques-14
tionnaire for that purpose if the examining 15
agency— 16
‘‘(i) includes a brief description of the 17
rationale for the use of the occupational 18
questionnaire in the job posting; and 19
‘‘(ii) adheres to the process under sub-20
section (e). 21
‘‘(3) T
RANSITION PLANNING.— 22
‘‘(A) I
N GENERAL.—Not later 18 months 23
after the date of enactment of the Chance to 24
Compete Act of 2024, the Director shall submit 25
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to the relevant committees a plan to transition 1
Federal hiring practices to adopt technical as-2
sessments in accordance with subsection (d), 3
which shall include— 4
‘‘(i) the prioritization of— 5
‘‘(I) job classifications; and 6
‘‘(II) resource requirements; and 7
‘‘(ii) a timeline for full implementa-8
tion of the transition. 9
‘‘(B) A
DDITIONAL CONSULTATION .—In de-10
veloping the plan under subparagraph (A), the 11
Director shall consult with, at minimum— 12
‘‘(i) the Director of the Office of Man-13
agement and Budget; 14
‘‘(ii) the Chair of the Chief Human 15
Capital Officers Council; 16
‘‘(iii) employee representatives; and 17
‘‘(iv) relevant external stakeholders. 18
‘‘(4) I
MPLEMENTATION OF TECHNICAL ASSESS -19
MENTS.— 20
‘‘(A) I
MPLEMENTATION OF PLAN .—Not later 21
than 3 years after the date of enactment of the 22
Chance to Compete Act of 2024, the Director 23
shall implement the plan submitted under para-24
graph (3). 25
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‘‘(B) ADOPTION OF TECHNICAL ASSESS -1
MENTS.—On and after the date that is 3 years 2
after the date of enactment of the Chance to 3
Compete Act of 2024, an examining agency shall 4
use a technical assessment to examine applicants 5
for positions in the competitive service in accord-6
ance with subsection (d). 7
‘‘(C) W
AIVER.— 8
‘‘(i) I
N GENERAL.—The requirement 9
under subparagraph (B) shall not apply to 10
an examining agency with respect to a par-11
ticular job series if— 12
‘‘(I) the examining agency deter-13
mines that use of a technical assess-14
ment is impracticable for the job series; 15
‘‘(II) the head of the examining 16
agency submits to the Director and the 17
relevant committees a certification that 18
use of the technical assessment is im-19
practicable, which certification shall 20
include— 21
‘‘(aa) identification of the job 22
series; 23
‘‘(bb) identification of the 24
number of positions that are in-25
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cluded in the job series within the 1
agency for which the examining 2
agency is conducting examina-3
tions; and 4
‘‘(cc) a description of the ra-5
tionale for the determination; and 6
‘‘(III) the examining agency ad-7
heres to the process under subsection 8
(e). 9
‘‘(ii) E
FFECTIVENESS OF WAIVER .—A 10
waiver under this subparagraph shall be ef-11
fective for the period— 12
‘‘(I) beginning on the date that is 13
1 day after the date on which the ap-14
plicable certification is submitted 15
under clause (i)(II); and 16
‘‘(II) ending on the date that is 3 17
years after the date on which the ap-18
plicable certification is submitted 19
under clause (i)(II). 20
‘‘(iii) R
ENEWAL OF WAIVER .—The 21
head of an examining agency may renew a 22
waiver under this subparagraph by submit-23
ting a new certification under clause (i)(II) 24
not more than 30 days before the date that 25
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is 3 years after the date on which the pre-1
vious certification was submitted under that 2
clause. 3
‘‘(iv) N
O DELEGATION OF CERTIFI -4
CATION AUTHORITY.—The head of an exam-5
ining agency may not delegate the authority 6
to submit a certification under clause 7
(i)(II). 8
‘‘(d) T
ECHNICALASSESSMENT.— 9
‘‘(1) I
N GENERAL.—For the purpose of con-10
ducting an examination for a position in the com-11
petitive service, an individual who is determined by 12
an examining agency to be a subject matter expert in 13
the subject and job field of the position may— 14
‘‘(A) develop, in partnership with human 15
resources employees of the examining agency, a 16
position-specific assessment that is relevant to 17
the position, based on job analysis, which may 18
include— 19
‘‘(i) a structured interview; 20
‘‘(ii) a work-related exercise; 21
‘‘(iii) a custom or generic procedure 22
used to measure an applicant’s employment 23
or career-related qualifications and inter-24
ests; or 25
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‘‘(iv) another assessment that— 1
‘‘(I) allows for the demonstration 2
of job-related technical skills, abilities, 3
and knowledge; and 4
‘‘(II) is relevant to the position 5
for which the assessment is developed; 6
and 7
‘‘(B) administer the assessment developed 8
under subparagraph (A) to— 9
‘‘(i) determine whether an applicant 10
for the position has a passing score to be 11
qualified for the position; or 12
‘‘(ii) rank applicants for the position 13
for category rating purposes under section 14
3319. 15
‘‘(2) F
EASIBILITY STUDY ON SHARING AND 16
CUSTOMIZATION OF ASSESSMENT .—Not later than 1 17
year after the date of enactment of the Chance to 18
Compete Act of 2024, the Director shall— 19
‘‘(A) conduct a feasibility study that exam-20
ines the practicability, including a cost benefit 21
analysis, of— 22
‘‘(i) the sharing of technical assess-23
ments by an examining agency with an-24
other examining agency; 25
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‘‘(ii) mechanisms for each examining 1
agency to maintain appropriate control 2
over examination material that is shared by 3
the examining agency as described in clause 4
(i); 5
‘‘(iii) limits on customization of a 6
technical assessment that is shared as de-7
scribed in clause (i) and mechanisms to en-8
sure that the resulting technical assessment 9
satisfies the requirements under part 300 of 10
title 5, Code of Federal Regulations (or any 11
successor regulation); and 12
‘‘(iv) the development of an online 13
platform on which examining agencies can 14
share and customize technical assessments 15
as described in this subparagraph; and 16
‘‘(B) submit to the relevant committees a re-17
port on the study conducted under subparagraph 18
(A). 19
‘‘(e) O
CCUPATIONALQUESTIONNAIRE.—For the pur-20
pose of conducting an examination for a position in the 21
competitive service for which an examining agency has de-22
termined that a technical assessment is impracticable under 23
paragraph (2)(B) or (4)(C) of subsection (c), the examining 24
agency shall— 25
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‘‘(1) develop an occupational questionnaire in 1
accordance with guidance or regulations of the Office; 2
and 3
‘‘(2) undertake a resume review for each can-4
didate who is referred for additional consideration 5
after analysis of the results of the occupational ques-6
tionnaire is complete. 7
‘‘(f) F
EDERALAGENCYTALENTTEAMS.— 8
‘‘(1) I
N GENERAL.—An agency may establish 1 9
or more agency talent teams, including at the compo-10
nent level. 11
‘‘(2) D
UTIES.—An agency talent team shall pro-12
vide hiring support to the agency, including by— 13
‘‘(A) improving examinations; 14
‘‘(B) facilitating the writing of job an-15
nouncements for the competitive service; 16
‘‘(C) sharing high-quality certificates of eli-17
gible applicants; and 18
‘‘(D) facilitating hiring for the competitive 19
service using examinations. 20
‘‘(g) O
FFICE OFPERSONNELMANAGEMENTTALENT 21
T
EAM.—The Director may establish a Federal talent team 22
to support agency talent teams by— 23
‘‘(1) facilitating hiring actions across the Fed-24
eral Government; 25
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‘‘(2) providing training; 1
‘‘(3) creating tools and guides to facilitate hiring 2
for the competitive service; and 3
‘‘(4) developing technical assessments. 4
‘‘(h) R
ULEMAKING.—The Director shall promulgate 5
such regulations as are necessary to implement and inter-6
pret this section.’’. 7
SEC. 4. COMPETITIVE SERVICE CANDIDATE HIRING AND RE-8
FORM. 9
(a) R
EVIEW.— 10
(1) I
N GENERAL.—The Director shall conduct a 11
review of examinations for hiring for each position in 12
the competitive service that an examining agency has 13
determined requires a minimum educational require-14
ment because the position is of a scientific, technical, 15
or professional nature pursuant to section 3308 of 16
title 5, United States Code, to determine whether 17
data, evidence, or other information justifies the need 18
for educational requirements for the position. 19
(2) C
ONSULTATION.—In carrying out paragraph 20
(1), the Director shall consult with, at minimum— 21
(A) agencies, as deemed appropriate by the 22
Director; 23
(B) employee representatives; 24
(C) external experts; and 25
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(D) relevant stakeholders. 1
(b) R
EPORT ONHIRINGPRACTICES.—Not later than 2
1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director 3
shall submit to the relevant committees recommendations 4
to amend the hiring practices of examining agencies in ac-5
cordance with the findings of the review conducted under 6
subsection (a)(1). 7
SEC. 5. REPORTS. 8
(a) I
MPLEMENTATIONREPORTS.— 9
(1) I
N GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 10
the date of enactment of this Act, and each year there-11
after ending with the fifth publication and submission 12
of the report, the Director shall publish on a public- 13
facing website, and submit to the relevant committees, 14
a report that— 15
(A) examines the progress of examining 16
agencies in implementing the requirements of 17
this Act and the amendments made by this Act; 18
and 19
(B) identifies any significant difficulties en-20
countered in the implementation described in 21
subparagraph (A). 22
(2) I
NCLUSION IN ANNUAL REPORT .—The Direc-23
tor may include the report required under paragraph 24
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(1) as an addendum to the report required under sub-1
section (b). 2
(3) D
ELAYED REPORTING.—If the Director is un-3
able to publish and submit the report within the 4
timeline required under paragraph (1), the Director 5
shall publish on a public-facing website, and submit 6
to the relevant committees, a notification of the delay 7
that— 8
(A) provides a reason for the delay; and 9
(B) advises the public and the relevant com-10
mittees of the anticipated date of publication 11
and submission of the report. 12
(b) A
NNUALREPORT.— 13
(1) I
N GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 14
the date of enactment of this Act, and each year there-15
after, the Director shall publish on a public-facing 16
website and submit to the relevant committees a re-17
port that, with respect to categories of positions in the 18
competitive service for which an examining agency 19
examined applicants during the applicable period, in-20
cludes— 21
(A) the type of examination used; and 22
(B) summary data from examinations that 23
are closed, audited, and anonymous on the use of 24
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examinations for the competitive service, includ-1
ing technical assessments. 2
(2) D
EMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS .—In carrying 3
out paragraph (1), the Director shall break the data 4
down by applicant demographic indicators to facili-5
tate direct comparability and trendline comparisons 6
to data available as of October 1, 2020, as a baseline. 7
(3) L
IMITATIONS.—In carrying out this sub-8
section, the Director may only publish and submit to 9
the relevant committees data relating to examinations 10
for which— 11
(A) the related announcement is closed; 12
(B) certificates have been audited; and 13
(C) all hiring processes are completed. 14
(4) D
ELAYED REPORTING.—If the Director is un-15
able to publish and submit the report within the 16
timeline required under paragraph (1), the Director 17
shall publish on a public-facing website, and submit 18
to the relevant committees, a notification of the delay 19
that— 20
(A) provides a reason for the delay; and 21
(B) advises the public and the relevant com-22
mittees of the anticipated date of publication 23
and submission of the report. 24
(c) P
ROVISION OFDATA BYAGENCIES.— 25
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(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after 1
the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall 2
issue guidance to examining agencies regarding the 3
data that the Director needs from the examining 4
agencies in order to comply with subsections (a) and 5
(b). 6
(2) R
EPORTING TIMELINES.—Each examining 7
agency shall provide the data outlined in the guid-8
ance issued by the Director under paragraph (1) on 9
a quarterly basis. 10
SEC. 6. GAO REPORT. 11
Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of 12
this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall 13
submit to Congress a report that— 14
(1) assesses the implementation of this Act and 15
the amendments made by this Act; 16
(2) assesses the impact of modifications made by 17
this Act to the hiring process for the competitive serv-18
ice under section 3304 of title 5, United States Code; 19
and 20
(3) makes recommendations for the improvement 21
of the hiring process for the competitive service. 22
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SEC. 7. EVALUATION FOR POTENTIAL UPDATES OR REVI-1
SIONS TO GOVERNMENT-WIDE SYSTEMS OF 2
RECORDS AT THE OFFICE OF PERSONNEL 3
MANAGEMENT. 4
(a) I
NGENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the date 5
of enactment of this Act, the Director shall evaluate whether 6
the Government-wide system of records notices, the OPM/ 7
GOVT–5 Recruiting, Examining, and Placement Records, 8
and the OPM/GOVT–6 Personnel Research and Test Vali-9
dation Records, or any successor materials thereto, require 10
updating or revision in order to support the implementa-11
tion of this Act and the amendments made by this Act. 12
(b) I
SSUANCE OFUPDATES ORREVISIONS; NOTICE TO 13
C
ONGRESS.—If the Director determines under subsection 14
(a) that any updates or revisions are necessary, the Direc-15
tor, in accordance with section 552a of title 5, United States 16
Code (commonly known as the ‘‘Privacy Act’’), shall 17
promptly— 18
(1) issue the updates or revisions; and 19
(2) notify the relevant committees. 20
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651
118
TH
CONGRESS
2
D
S
ESSION
S. 59
[Report No. 118–250]
A BILL
To implement merit-based reforms to the civil serv-
ice hiring system that replace degree-based hiring
with skills- and competency-based hiring.
D
ECEMBER
2, 2024
Reported with an amendment
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