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CS FOR SENATE BILL NO. 120(EDC)
IN THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF ALASKA
THIRTY-THIRD LEGISLATURE - FIRST SESSION
BY THE SENATE EDUCATION COMMITTEE
Offered: 5/5/23
Referred: Finance
Sponsor(s): SENATE EDUCATION COMMITTEE
A BILL
FOR AN ACT ENTITLED
"An Act relating to and extending education tax credits; providing for an effective date 1
by amending the effective date of secs. 1, 2, and 21, ch. 61, SLA 2014; and providing for 2
an effective date." 3
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF ALASKA: 4
* Section 1. AS 21.96.070(a) is amended to read: 5
(a) A taxpayer is allowed a credit against the tax due under AS 21.09.210 or 6
AS 21.66.110 for contributions of cash or equipment accepted for
7
(1) [FOR] direct instruction, research, and educational support 8
purposes, including library and museum acquisitions, and contributions to endowment, 9
by an Alaska university foundation or by a nonprofit, public or private, Alaska two-10
year or four-year college accredited by a national or regional accreditation association; 11
(2) [FOR] secondary school level vocational education courses, 12
programs, and facilities by a school district in the state; 13
(3) [FOR] vocational education courses, programs, and facilities by a 14 33-LS0650\S
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state-operated vocational technical education and training school; 1
(4) [FOR] a facility by a nonprofit, public or private, Alaska two-year 2
or four-year college accredited by a national or regional accreditation association; 3
(5) [FOR] Alaska Native cultural or heritage programs and educational 4
support, including mentoring and tutoring, provided by a nonprofit agency for public 5
school staff and for students who are in grades kindergarten through 12 in the state; 6
[AND] 7
(6) [FOR] education, research, rehabilitation, and facilities by an 8
institution that is located in the state and that qualifies as a coastal ecosystem learning 9
center under the Coastal America Partnership established by the federal government; 10
and 11
(7) the operation of a nonprofit organization dedicated to 12
promoting statewide academic achievement, including for student scholarships, 13
in an interdisciplinary curriculum in the subject areas of economics, science, 14
social science, literature, music, art, math, writing, speech, and interview skills. 15
* Sec. 2. AS 21.96.070(b) is amended to read: 16
(b) The amount of the credit is 17
(1) 50 percent of contributions of not more than $100,000; 18
(2) 100 percent of the next $200,000 of contributions; and 19
(3) 50 percent of the amount of contributions that exceed $300,000. 20
* Sec. 3. AS 21.96.070(d) is amended to read: 21
(d) A contribution claimed as a credit under this section may not 22
(1) be the basis for a credit claimed under another provision of this 23
title; and 24
(2) when combined with contributions that are the basis for credits 25
taken during the taxpayer's tax year under AS 43.20.014, AS 43.55.019, 26
AS 43.56.018, AS 43.65.018, AS 43.75.018, or AS 43.77.045, result in the total 27
amount of credits exceeding $5,000,000 [$1,000,000]; if the taxpayer is a member of 28
an affiliated group, then the total amount of credits may not exceed $5,000,000 29
[$1,000,000] for the affiliated group; in this paragraph, "affiliated group" has the 30
meaning given in AS 43.20.145. 31 33-LS0650\S
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* Sec. 4. AS 43.20.014(a) is amended to read: 1
(a) A taxpayer is allowed a credit against the tax due under this chapter for 2
contributions of cash or equipment accepted for 3
(1) direct instruction, research, and educational support purposes, 4
including library and museum acquisitions, and contributions to endowment, by an 5
Alaska university foundation, by a nonprofit, public or private, Alaska two-year or 6
four-year college accredited by a national or regional accreditation association, or by a 7
public or private nonprofit elementary or secondary school in the state; 8
(2) secondary school level vocational education courses, programs, and 9
facilities by a school district in the state; 10
(3) vocational education courses, programs, equipment, and facilities 11
by a state-operated vocational technical education and training school, a nonprofit 12
regional training center recognized by the Department of Labor and Workforce 13
Development, and an apprenticeship program in the state that is registered with the 14
United States Department of Labor under 29 U.S.C. 50 - 50c [29 U.S.C. 50 - 50b] 15
(National Apprenticeship Act); 16
(4) a facility by a nonprofit, public or private, Alaska two-year or four-17
year college accredited by a national or regional accreditation association or by a 18
public or private nonprofit elementary or secondary school in the state; 19
(5) Alaska Native cultural or heritage programs and educational 20
support, including mentoring and tutoring, provided by a nonprofit agency for public 21
school staff and for students who are in grades kindergarten through 12 in the state; 22
(6) education, research, rehabilitation, and facilities by an institution 23
that is located in the state and that qualifies as a coastal ecosystem learning center 24
under the Coastal America Partnership established by the federal government; 25
(7) the Alaska higher education investment fund under AS 37.14.750; 26
(8) funding a scholarship awarded by a nonprofit organization to a 27
dual-credit student to defray the cost of a dual-credit course, including the cost of 28
(A) tuition and textbooks; 29
(B) registration, course, and programmatic student fees; 30
(C) on-campus room and board at the postsecondary institution 31 33-LS0650\S
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in the state that provides the dual-credit course; 1
(D) transportation costs to and from a residential school 2
approved by the Department of Education and Early Development under 3
AS 14.16.200 or the postsecondary school in the state that provides the dual-4
credit course; and 5
(E) other related educational and programmatic costs; 6
(9) constructing, operating, or maintaining a residential housing 7
facility by a residential school in the state approved by the Department of Education 8
and Early Development under AS 14.16.200; 9
(10) childhood early learning and development programs and 10
educational support to childhood early learning and development programs provided 11
by a nonprofit corporation organized under AS 10.20, a tribal entity, or a school 12
district in the state, by the Department of Education and Early Development, or 13
through a state grant; 14
(11) science, technology, engineering, and math programs provided by 15
a nonprofit agency or a school district for school staff and for students in grades 16
kindergarten through 12 in the state; [AND] 17
(12) the operation of a nonprofit organization dedicated to providing 18
educational opportunities that promote the legacy of public service contributions to the 19
state and perpetuate ongoing educational programs that foster public service 20
leadership for future generations of residents of the state; and 21
(13) the operation of a nonprofit organization dedicated to 22
promoting statewide academic achievement, including for student scholarships, 23
in an interdisciplinary curriculum in the subject areas of economics, science, 24
social science, literature, music, art, math, writing, speech, and interview skills. 25
* Sec. 5. AS 43.20.014(b) is amended to read: 26
(b) The amount of the credit is 27
(1) 50 percent of contributions of not more than $100,000; 28
(2) 100 percent of the next $200,000 of contributions; and 29
(3) 50 percent of the amount of contributions that exceed $300,000. 30
* Sec. 6. AS 43.20.014(d) is amended to read: 31 33-LS0650\S
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(d) A contribution claimed as a credit under this section may not 1
(1) be the basis for a credit claimed under another provision of this 2
title; 3
(2) also be allowed as a deduction under 26 U.S.C. 170 against the tax 4
imposed by this chapter; and 5
(3) when combined with contributions that are the basis for credits 6
taken during the taxpayer's tax year under AS 21.96.070, AS 43.55.019, 7
AS 43.56.018, AS 43.65.018, AS 43.75.018, or AS 43.77.045, result in the total 8
amount of credits exceeding $5,000,000 [$1,000,000]; if the taxpayer is a member of 9
an affiliated group, then the total amount of credits may not exceed $5,000,000 10
[$1,000,000] for the affiliated group; in this paragraph, "affiliated group" has the 11
meaning given in AS 43.20.145. 12
* Sec. 7. AS 43.55.019(a) is amended to read: 13
(a) A producer of oil or gas is allowed a credit against the tax levied by 14
AS 43.55.011(e) for contributions of cash or equipment accepted for 15
(1) direct instruction, research, and educational support purposes, 16
including library and museum acquisitions, and contributions to endowment, by an 17
Alaska university foundation or by a nonprofit, public or private, Alaska two-year or 18
four-year college accredited by a national or regional accreditation association; 19
(2) secondary school level vocational education courses, programs, and 20
facilities by a school district in the state; 21
(3) vocational education courses, programs, equipment, and facilities 22
by a state-operated vocational technical education and training school, a nonprofit 23
regional training center recognized by the Department of Labor and Workforce 24
Development, and an apprenticeship program in the state that is registered with the 25
United States Department of Labor under 29 U.S.C. 50 - 50c [29 U.S.C. 50 - 50b] 26
(National Apprenticeship Act); 27
(4) a facility by a nonprofit, public or private, Alaska two-year or four-28
year college accredited by a national or regional accreditation association; 29
(5) Alaska Native cultural or heritage programs and educational 30
support, including mentoring and tutoring, provided by a nonprofit agency for public 31 33-LS0650\S
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school staff and for students who are in grades kindergarten through 12 in the state; 1
(6) education, research, rehabilitation, and facilities by an institution 2
that is located in the state and that qualifies as a coastal ecosystem learning center 3
under the Coastal America Partnership established by the federal government; [AND] 4
(7) the Alaska higher education investment fund under AS 37.14.750; 5
and 6
(8) the operation of a nonprofit organization dedicated to 7
promoting statewide academic achievement, including for student scholarships, 8
in an interdisciplinary curriculum in the subject areas of economics, science, 9
social science, literature, music, art, math, writing, speech, and interview skills. 10
* Sec. 8. AS 43.55.019(b) is amended to read: 11
(b) The amount of the credit is 12
(1) 50 percent of contributions of not more than $100,000; 13
(2) 100 percent of the next $200,000 of contributions; and 14
(3) 50 percent of the amount of contributions that exceed $300,000. 15
* Sec. 9. AS 43.55.019(d) is amended to read: 16
(d) A contribution claimed as a credit under this section may not 17
(1) be the basis for a credit claimed under another provision of this 18
title; and 19
(2) when combined with contributions that are the basis for credits 20
taken during the taxpayer's tax year under AS 21.96.070, AS 43.20.014, 21
AS 43.56.018, AS 43.65.018, AS 43.75.018, or AS 43.77.045, result in the total 22
amount of credits exceeding $5,000,000 [$1,000,000]; if the taxpayer is a member of 23
an affiliated group, then the total amount of credits may not exceed $5,000,000 24
[$1,000,000] for the affiliated group; in this paragraph, "affiliated group" has the 25
meaning given in AS 43.20.145. 26
* Sec. 10. AS 43.56.018(a) is amended to read: 27
(a) The owner of property taxable under this chapter is allowed a credit 28
against the tax due under this chapter for contributions of cash or equipment accepted 29
for 30
(1) direct instruction, research, and educational support purposes, 31 33-LS0650\S
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including library and museum acquisitions, and contributions to endowment, by an 1
Alaska university foundation or by a nonprofit, public or private, Alaska two-year or 2
four-year college accredited by a national or regional accreditation association; 3
(2) secondary school level vocational education courses, programs, and 4
facilities by a school district in the state; 5
(3) vocational education courses, programs, and facilities by a state-6
operated vocational technical education and training school; 7
(4) a facility by a nonprofit, public or private, Alaska two-year or four-8
year college accredited by a national or regional accreditation association; 9
(5) Alaska Native cultural or heritage programs and educational 10
support, including mentoring and tutoring, provided by a nonprofit agency for public 11
school staff and for students who are in grades kindergarten through 12 in the state; 12
(6) education, research, rehabilitation, and facilities by an institution 13
that is located in the state and that qualifies as a coastal ecosystem learning center 14
under the Coastal America Partnership established by the federal government; [AND] 15
(7) the Alaska higher education investment fund under AS 37.14.750; 16
and 17
(8) the operation of a nonprofit organization dedicated to 18
promoting statewide academic achievement, including for student scholarships, 19
in an interdisciplinary curriculum in the subject areas of economics, science, 20
social science, literature, music, art, math, writing, speech, and interview skills. 21
* Sec. 11. AS 43.56.018(b) is amended to read: 22
(b) The amount of the credit is 23
(1) 50 percent of contributions of not more than $100,000; 24
(2) 100 percent of the next $200,000 of contributions; and 25
(3) 50 percent of the amount of contributions that exceed $300,000. 26
* Sec. 12. AS 43.56.018(d) is amended to read: 27
(d) A contribution claimed as a credit under this section may not 28
(1) be the basis for a credit claimed under another provision of this 29
title; and 30
(2) when combined with contributions that are the basis for credits 31 33-LS0650\S
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taken during the taxpayer's tax year under AS 21.96.070, AS 43.20.014, 1
AS 43.55.019, AS 43.65.018, AS 43.75.018, or AS 43.77.045, result in the total 2
amount of credits exceeding $5,000,000 [$1,000,000]; if the taxpayer is a member of 3
an affiliated group, then the total amount of credits may not exceed $5,000,000 4
[$1,000,000] for the affiliated group; in this paragraph, "affiliated group" has the 5
meaning given in AS 43.20.145. 6
* Sec. 13. AS 43.65.018(a) is amended to read: 7
(a) A person engaged in the business of mining in the state is allowed a credit 8
against the tax due under this chapter for contributions of cash or equipment accepted 9
for 10
(1) direct instruction, research, and educational support purposes, 11
including library and museum acquisitions, and contributions to endowment, by an 12
Alaska university foundation, by a nonprofit, public or private, Alaska two-year or 13
four-year college accredited by a national or regional accreditation association, or by a 14
public or private nonprofit elementary or secondary school in the state; 15
(2) secondary school level vocational education courses, programs, and 16
facilities by a school district in the state; 17
(3) vocational education courses, programs, and facilities by a state- 18
operated vocational technical education and training school; 19
(4) a facility by a nonprofit, public or private, Alaska two-year or four-20
year college accredited by a national or regional accreditation association or by a 21
public or private nonprofit elementary or secondary school in the state; 22
(5) Alaska Native cultural or heritage programs and educational 23
support, including mentoring and tutoring, provided by a nonprofit agency for public 24
school staff and for students who are in grades kindergarten through 12 in the state; 25
(6) education, research, rehabilitation, and facilities by an institution 26
that is located in the state and that qualifies as a coastal ecosystem learning center 27
under the Coastal America Partnership established by the federal government; 28
(7) the Alaska higher education investment fund under AS 37.14.750; 29
(8) funding a scholarship awarded by a nonprofit organization to a 30
dual-credit student to defray the cost of a dual-credit course, including the cost of 31 33-LS0650\S
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(A) tuition and textbooks; 1
(B) registration, course, and programmatic student fees; 2
(C) on-campus room and board at the postsecondary institution 3
in the state that provides the dual-credit course; 4
(D) transportation costs to and from a residential school 5
approved by the Department of Education and Early Development under 6
AS 14.16.200 or the postsecondary school in the state that provides the dual-7
credit course; and 8
(E) other related educational and programmatic costs; 9
(9) constructing, operating, or maintaining a residential housing 10
facility by a residential school approved by the Department of Education and Early 11
Development under AS 14.16.200; 12
(10) childhood early learning and development programs and 13
educational support to childhood early learning and development programs provided 14
by a nonprofit corporation organized under AS 10.20, a tribal entity, or a school 15
district in the state, by the Department of Education and Early Development, or 16
through a state grant; 17
(11) science, technology, engineering, and math programs provided by 18
a nonprofit agency or a school district for school staff and for students in grades 19
kindergarten through 12 in the state; [AND] 20
(12) the operation of a nonprofit organization dedicated to providing 21
educational opportunities that promote the legacy of public service contributions to the 22
state and perpetuate ongoing educational programs that foster public service 23
leadership for future generations of residents of the state; and 24
(13) the operation of a nonprofit organization dedicated to 25
promoting statewide academic achievement, including for student scholarships, 26
in an interdisciplinary curriculum in the subject areas of economics, science, 27
social science, literature, music, art, math, writing, speech, and interview skills. 28
* Sec. 14. AS 43.65.018(b) is amended to read: 29
(b) The amount of the credit is 30
(1) 50 percent of contributions of not more than $100,000; 31 33-LS0650\S
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(2) 100 percent of the next $200,000 of contributions; and 1
(3) 50 percent of the amount of contributions that exceed $300,000. 2
* Sec. 15. AS 43.65.018(d) is amended to read: 3
(d) A contribution claimed as a credit under this section may not 4
(1) be the basis for a credit claimed under another provision of this 5
title; and 6
(2) when combined with contributions that are the basis for credits 7
taken during the taxpayer's tax year under AS 21.96.070, AS 43.20.014, 8
AS 43.55.019, AS 43.56.018, AS 43.75.018, or AS 43.77.045, result in the total 9
amount of the credits exceeding $5,000,000 [$1,000,000]; if the taxpayer is a member 10
of an affiliated group, then the total amount of credits may not exceed $5,000,000 11
[$1,000,000] for the affiliated group; in this paragraph, "affiliated group" has the 12
meaning given in AS 43.20.145. 13
* Sec. 16. AS 43.75.018(a) is amended to read: 14
(a) A person engaged in a fisheries business is allowed a credit against the tax 15
due under this chapter for contributions of cash or equipment accepted for 16
(1) direct instruction, research, and educational support purposes, 17
including library and museum acquisitions, and contributions to endowment, by an 18
Alaska university foundation, by a nonprofit, public or private, Alaska two-year or 19
four-year college accredited by a national or regional accreditation association, or by a 20
public or private nonprofit elementary or secondary school in the state; 21
(2) secondary school level vocational education courses, programs, and 22
facilities by a school district in the state; 23
(3) vocational education courses, programs, and facilities by a state-24
operated vocational technical education and training school; 25
(4) a facility by a nonprofit, public or private, Alaska two-year or four-26
year college accredited by a national or regional accreditation association or by a 27
public or private nonprofit elementary or secondary school in the state; 28
(5) Alaska Native cultural or heritage programs and educational 29
support, including mentoring and tutoring, provided by a nonprofit agency for public 30
school staff and for students who are in grades kindergarten through 12 in the state; 31 33-LS0650\S
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(6) education, research, rehabilitation, and facilities by an institution 1
that is located in the state and that qualifies as a coastal ecosystem learning center 2
under the Coastal America Partnership established by the federal government; 3
(7) the Alaska higher education investment fund under AS 37.14.750; 4
(8) funding a scholarship awarded by a nonprofit organization to a 5
dual-credit student to defray the cost of a dual-credit course, including the cost of 6
(A) tuition and textbooks; 7
(B) registration, course, and programmatic student fees; 8
(C) on-campus room and board at the postsecondary institution 9
in the state that provides the dual-credit course; 10
(D) transportation costs to and from a residential school 11
approved by the Department of Education and Early Development under 12
AS 14.16.200 or the postsecondary school in the state that provides the dual-13
credit course; and 14
(E) other related educational and programmatic costs; 15
(9) constructing, operating, or maintaining a residential housing 16
facility by a residential school approved by the Department of Education and Early 17
Development under AS 14.16.200; 18
(10) childhood early learning and development programs and 19
educational support to childhood early learning and development programs provided 20
by a nonprofit corporation organized under AS 10.20, a tribal entity, or a school 21
district in the state, by the Department of Education and Early Development, or 22
through a state grant; 23
(11) science, technology, engineering, and math programs provided by 24
a nonprofit agency or a school district for school staff and for students in grades 25
kindergarten through 12 in the state; [AND] 26
(12) the operation of a nonprofit organization dedicated to providing 27
educational opportunities that promote the legacy of public service contributions to the 28
state and perpetuate ongoing educational programs that foster public service 29
leadership for future generations of residents of the state; and 30
(13) the operation of a nonprofit organization dedicated to 31 33-LS0650\S
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promoting statewide academic achievement, including for student scholarships, 1
in an interdisciplinary curriculum in the subject areas of economics, science, 2
social science, literature, music, art, math, writing, speech, and interview skills. 3
* Sec. 17. AS 43.75.018(b) is amended to read: 4
(b) The amount of the credit is 5
(1) 50 percent of contributions of not more than $100,000; 6
(2) 100 percent of the next $200,000 of contributions; and 7
(3) 50 percent of the amount of contributions that exceed $300,000. 8
* Sec. 18. AS 43.75.018(d) is amended to read: 9
(d) A contribution claimed as a credit under this section may not 10
(1) be the basis for a credit claimed under another provision of this 11
title; and 12
(2) when combined with contributions that are the basis for credits 13
taken during the taxpayer's tax year under AS 21.96.070, AS 43.20.014, 14
AS 43.55.019, AS 43.56.018, AS 43.65.018, or AS 43.77.045, result in the total 15
amount of the credits exceeding $5,000,000 [$1,000,000]; if the taxpayer is a member 16
of an affiliated group, then the total amount of credits may not exceed $5,000,000 17
[$1,000,000] for the affiliated group; in this paragraph, "affiliated group" has the 18
meaning given in AS 43.20.145. 19
* Sec. 19. AS 43.77.045(a) is amended to read: 20
(a) A person engaged in a floating fisheries business is allowed a credit 21
against the tax due under this chapter for contributions of cash or equipment accepted 22
for 23
(1) direct instruction, research, and educational support purposes, 24
including library and museum acquisitions, and contributions to endowment, by an 25
Alaska university foundation, by a nonprofit, public or private, Alaska two-year or 26
four-year college accredited by a national or regional accreditation association, or by a 27
public or private nonprofit elementary or secondary school in the state; 28
(2) secondary school level vocational education courses, programs, and 29
facilities by a school district in the state; 30
(3) vocational education courses, programs, and facilities by a state-31 33-LS0650\S
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operated vocational technical education and training school; 1
(4) a facility by a nonprofit, public or private, Alaska two-year or four-2
year college accredited by a national or regional accreditation association or by a 3
public or private nonprofit elementary or secondary school in the state; 4
(5) Alaska Native cultural or heritage programs and educational 5
support, including mentoring and tutoring, provided by a nonprofit agency for public 6
school staff and for students who are in grades kindergarten through 12 in the state; 7
(6) education, research, rehabilitation, and facilities by an institution 8
that is located in the state and that qualifies as a coastal ecosystem learning center 9
under the Coastal America Partnership established by the federal government; 10
(7) the Alaska higher education investment fund under AS 37.14.750; 11
(8) funding a scholarship awarded by a nonprofit organization to a 12
dual-credit student to defray the cost of a dual-credit course, including the cost of 13
(A) tuition and textbooks; 14
(B) registration, course, and programmatic student fees; 15
(C) on-campus room and board at the postsecondary institution 16
in the state that provides the dual-credit course; 17
(D) transportation costs to and from a residential school 18
approved by the Department of Education and Early Development under 19
AS 14.16.200 or the postsecondary school in the state that provides the dual-20
credit course; and 21
(E) other related educational and programmatic costs; 22
(9) constructing, operating, or maintaining a residential housing 23
facility by a residential school approved by the Department of Education and Early 24
Development under AS 14.16.200; 25
(10) childhood early learning and development programs and 26
educational support to childhood early learning and development programs provided 27
by a nonprofit corporation organized under AS 10.20, a tribal entity, or a school 28
district in the state, by the Department of Education and Early Development, or 29
through a state grant; 30
(11) science, technology, engineering, and math programs provided by 31 33-LS0650\S
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a nonprofit agency or a school district for school staff and for students in grades 1
kindergarten through 12 in the state; [AND] 2
(12) the operation of a nonprofit organization dedicated to providing 3
educational opportunities that promote the legacy of public service contributions to the 4
state and perpetuate ongoing educational programs that foster public service 5
leadership for future generations of residents of the state; and 6
(13) the operation of a nonprofit organization dedicated to 7
promoting statewide academic achievement, including for student scholarships, 8
in an interdisciplinary curriculum in the subject areas of economics, science, 9
social science, literature, music, art, math, writing, speech, and interview skills. 10
* Sec. 20. AS 43.77.045(b) is amended to read: 11
(b) The amount of the credit is 12
(1) 50 percent of contributions of not more than $100,000; 13
(2) 100 percent of the next $200,000 of contributions; and 14
(3) 50 percent of the amount of contributions that exceed $300,000. 15
* Sec. 21. AS 43.77.045(d) is amended to read: 16
(d) A contribution claimed as a credit under this section may not 17
(1) be the basis for a credit claimed under another provision of this 18
title; and 19
(2) when combined with contributions that are the basis for credits 20
taken during the taxpayer's tax year under AS 21.96.070, AS 43.20.014, 21
AS 43.55.019, AS 43.56.018, AS 43.65.018, or AS 43.75.018, result in the total 22
amount of the credits exceeding $5,000,000 [$1,000,000]; if the taxpayer is a member 23
of an affiliated group, then the total amount of credits may not exceed $5,000,000 24
[$1,000,000] for the affiliated group; in this paragraph, "affiliated group" has the 25
meaning given in AS 43.20.145. 26
* Sec. 22. Section 37, ch. 61, SLA 2014, as amended by sec. 40, ch. 101, SLA 2018, is 27
amended to read: 28
Sec. 37. Sections 1, 2, and 21, ch. 61, SLA 2014 [OF THIS ACT] take effect 29
January 1, 2031 [2025]. 30
* Sec. 23. This Act takes effect January 1, 2024. 31