Alabama 2025 Regular Session

Alabama Senate Bill SB164 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.

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1	1	SB164INTRODUCED
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3	3	SB164
4	4	Y9JANN6-1
5	5	By Senators Orr, Butler
6	6	RFD: State Governmental Affairs
7	7	First Read: 12-Feb-25
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12	12	5 Y9JANN6-1 02/10/2025 THR (L)ma 2024-3018
13	13	Page 1
14	14	First Read: 12-Feb-25
15	15	SYNOPSIS:
16	16	Under existing law, a person commits the crime
17	17	of unauthorized entry of a critical infrastructure
18	18	facility if he or she intentionally enters a critical
19	19	infrastructure facility without authority.
20	20	This bill would provide that the operation of an
21	21	unmanned aircraft system within a vertical distance of
22	22	200 feet of a critical infrastructure facility
23	23	constitutes an unauthorized entry of a critical
24	24	infrastructure facility.
25	25	A BILL
26	26	TO BE ENTITLED
27	27	AN ACT
28	28	Relating to crimes and offenses; to amend Section
29	29	13A-7-4.3, Code of Alabama 1975, as last amended by Act
30	30	2024-395, 2024 Regular Session, to further provide for the
31	31	crime of unauthorized entry of a critical infrastructure
32	32	facility.
33	33	BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF ALABAMA:
34	34	Section 1. Section 13A-7-4.3, Code of Alabama 1975, as
35	35	last amended by Act 2024-395, 2024 Regular Session, is amended
36	36	to read as follows:
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66	66	to read as follows:
67	67	"§13A-7-4.3
68	68	(a) For the purposes of this section, the following
69	69	words have the following meanings:
70	70	(1) CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE. A system or asset, whether
71	71	physical or virtual, so vital to the United States that the
72	72	incapacity or destruction of the system or asset would have a
73	73	debilitating impact on security, national economic security,
74	74	national public health, or national public safety.
75	75	(2) CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITY. The term
76	76	includes, but is not limited to, any of the following,
77	77	including any critical infrastructure located on or in any of
78	78	the following types of facilities:
79	79	a. A chemical, polymer, or rubber manufacturing
80	80	facility.
81	81	b. A pipeline.
82	82	c. A refinery.
83	83	d. An electrical power generating facility.
84	84	e. The area surrounding an electrical power generating
85	85	facility.
86	86	f. An electrical transmission tower.
87	87	g. An electrical substation or distribution substation.
88	88	h. An electric utility control center.
89	89	i. Electrical communication equipment.
90	90	j. An electrical switching station.
91	91	k. Electric power lines, power storage equipment, or
92	92	other utility equipment.
93	93	l. Any portion of a public water system or public
94	94	wastewater treatment system.
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124	124	wastewater treatment system.
125	125	m. A natural gas transmission compressor station.
126	126	n. A liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminal or storage
127	127	facility.
128	128	o. A natural gas distribution facility, including, but
129	129	not limited to, a pipeline interconnection, a city gate or
130	130	town border station, a metering station, aboveground piping, a
131	131	regular station, or a natural gas or hydrocarbon storage or
132	132	production facility.
133	133	p. A mining operation.
134	134	q. Beneficiation infrastructure or mining
135	135	infrastructure.
136	136	r. A transportation facility such as a port, airport,
137	137	railroad operating facility, or trucking terminal.
138	138	s. Wireline or wireless communications infrastructure.
139	139	t. A gas processing plant, including a plant used in
140	140	the processing, treatment, or fractionation of natural gas or
141	141	natural gas liquids.
142	142	u. A steelmaking facility that uses an electric arc
143	143	furnace.
144	144	v. A dam that is regulated by the state or federal
145	145	government.
146	146	w. A crude oil or refined products storage or
147	147	distribution facility, including, but not limited to, a valve
148	148	site, a pipeline interconnection, a pump station, a metering
149	149	station, below ground piping, above ground piping, or a truck
150	150	loading or offloading facility.
151	151	x. A defense contractor facility.
152	152	(3) FRAUDULENT DOCUMENTS FOR IDENTIFICATION PURPOSES. A
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182	182	(3) FRAUDULENT DOCUMENTS FOR IDENTIFICATION PURPOSES. A
183	183	document that is presented as being a bona fide document that
184	184	provides personal identification information but which, in
185	185	fact, is false, forged, altered, or counterfeit.
186	186	(4) PERSON. An individual, trust, estate, corporation,
187	187	partnership, limited partnership, limited liability
188	188	partnership, limited liability company, or unincorporated
189	189	nonprofit association having a separate legal existence under
190	190	state law.
191	191	(5) UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEM. A powered, aerial vehicle
192	192	that does not carry a human operator, uses aerodynamic forces
193	193	to provide vehicle lift, may fly autonomously through an
194	194	onboard computer or be piloted remotely, and may be expendable
195	195	or recoverable. The term does not include a satellite orbiting
196	196	the Earth or a spacecraft beyond Earth's atmosphere and may
197	197	not be construed to implicate the provider of a
198	198	telecommunications link between an owner or operator of an
199	199	unmanned aircraft system and the unmanned aircraft system.
200	200	(b) A person commits the crime of unauthorized entry of
201	201	a critical infrastructure facility if the person does any of
202	202	the following:
203	203	(1) Intentionally enters without authority into any
204	204	structure or onto any premises belonging to another that
205	205	constitutes in whole or in part a critical infrastructure
206	206	facility that is completely enclosed by any type of physical
207	207	barrier or clearly marked with a sign or signs that are posted
208	208	in a conspicuous manner and indicate that unauthorized entry
209	209	is forbidden.
210	210	(2) Uses or attempts to use a fraudulent document for
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240	240	(2) Uses or attempts to use a fraudulent document for
241	241	identification for the purpose of entering a critical
242	242	infrastructure facility.
243	243	(3) Remains on the premises of a critical
244	244	infrastructure facility after having been forbidden to do so,
245	245	either orally or in writing, by any owner, lessee, or
246	246	custodian of the property or by any other authorized person.
247	247	(4) Intentionally enters into a restricted area of a
248	248	critical infrastructure facility which is marked as a
249	249	restricted or limited access area that is completely enclosed
250	250	by any type of physical barrier when the person is not
251	251	authorized to enter the restricted or limited access area.
252	252	(5) Intentionally operates without authority an
253	253	unmanned aircraft system within a vertical distance of 200
254	254	feet of a critical infrastructure facility.
255	255	(c) A person who commits the crime of unauthorized
256	256	entry of a critical infrastructure facility is guilty of a
257	257	Class A misdemeanor.
258	258	(d) If, during the commission of the crime of
259	259	unauthorized entry of a critical infrastructure facility, the
260	260	person injures, removes, destroys, or breaks critical
261	261	infrastructure property, or otherwise interrupts or interferes
262	262	with the operations of a critical infrastructure asset, the
263	263	person is guilty of a Class C felony.
264	264	(e) A person who commits the crime of unauthorized
265	265	entry of a critical infrastructure facility while possessing
266	266	or operating an unmanned aircraft system with an attached
267	267	weapon, firearm, explosive, destructive device, or ammunition
268	268	is guilty of a Class C felony.
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298	298	is guilty of a Class C felony.
299	299	(f) Nothing in this section shall be construed to
300	300	prevent lawful assembly and peaceful and orderly petition for
301	301	the redress of grievances, including, but not limited to, any
302	302	labor dispute between any employer and its employee.
303	303	(g) Nothing in this section shall be construed to
304	304	prohibit the state, a county, or a municipality from taking
305	305	any lawful action on their respective rights-of-way."
306	306	Section 2. This act shall become effective on October
307	307	1, 2025.
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