| 1 | | - | Assembly Bill No. 407 CHAPTER 652 An act to amend the heading of Chapter 5.4 (commencing with Section 2540) of Division 2 of, and to amend Sections 2544 and 3041 of, the Business and Professions Code, relating to healing arts. [ Approved by Governor October 08, 2021. Filed with Secretary of State October 08, 2021. ] LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGESTAB 407, Salas. Optometry: assistants and scope of practice.Existing law prohibits any person, other than a physician and surgeon or optometrist, from measuring the powers or range of human vision or determining the accommodative and refractive status of the human eye or the scope of its functions in general or prescribing ophthalmic devices. Existing law provides that an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of an ophthalmologist or optometrist may, among other things, perform tonometry and perform nonsubjective auto refraction in connection with subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist.This bill would permit such an assistant to perform nonsubjective auto refraction, to perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to certain conditions, and to perform A scan and B scan ultrasound testing.Existing law, the Optometry Practice Act, establishes the California State Board of Optometry in the Department of Consumer Affairs for the licensure and regulation of the practice of optometry. Existing law provides that the practice of optometry includes various functions relating to the visual system and the treatment and management of certain disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as well as the provision of rehabilitative optometric services, and doing certain things, including, but not limited to, the examination of the human eye or eyes. Existing law further authorizes an optometrist who is certified to use therapeutic pharmaceutical agents, as specified, to diagnose and treat certain conditions including, among others, hypotrichosis and blepharitis. Existing law sets forth requirements for a certified optometrist to become certified in the administration of immunizations, as defined. Existing law specifies that a violation of the act is a misdemeanor punishable by fine or imprisonment, as provided.This bill would revise what comprises the practice of optometry, including specific practices a certified optometrist may engage in, and would specify exceptions or limitations to that practice. The bill would permit a certified optometrist to use or prescribe topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or otherwise limited or excluded, as described. The bill would permit a certified optometrist to administer authorized immunizations after meeting the immunization certification requirements. By changing the scope of a crime, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.This bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this act for a specified reason.This bill would incorporate additional changes to Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code proposed by AB 1534 to be operative only if this bill and AB 1534 are enacted and this bill is enacted last.This bill would, contingent upon the enactment of AB 691, make additional changes to Section 3041 of the Business and Professions Code relating to the diagnostic use of certain laboratory tests or examinations for detecting the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and to immunization certification, to be operative only if this bill and AB 691 are enacted.Digest Key Vote: MAJORITY Appropriation: NO Fiscal Committee: YES Local Program: YES Bill TextThe people of the State of California do enact as follows:SECTION 1. The heading of Chapter 5.4 (commencing with Section 2540) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read: CHAPTER 5.4. Prescription Lenses and Ophthalmic and Optometric AssistantsSEC. 2. Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of a physician and surgeon or optometrist may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an ophthalmologist or optometrist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following:(1) Prepare patients for examination.(2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history.(3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility.(4) Perform automated visual field testing.(5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging.(6) Perform tonometry.(7) Perform lensometry.(8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction.(9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions:(A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist.(B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows:(i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services.(ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist.(iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift.(C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures.(D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities.(10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes.(11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing.(b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services.(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400.SEC. 2.1. Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or a physician and surgeon may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or ophthalmologist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following:(1) Prepare patients for examination.(2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history.(3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility.(4) Perform automated visual field testing.(5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging.(6) Perform tonometry.(7) Perform lensometry.(8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction.(9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions:(A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist.(B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows:(i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services.(ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist.(iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift.(C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures.(D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities.(10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes.(11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing.(b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services.(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400.SEC. 3. Section 3041 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following:(1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively.(2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition.(3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics.(4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia:(A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.). (B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists.(C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment.(D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over.(E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa:(i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility.(ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon.(iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin.(iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility.(v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation.(F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated:(i) Corneal scraping with cultures.(ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy.(iii) Mechanical epilation.(iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision.(v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b).(vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression.(vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair.(ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph.(x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography.(xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available.(xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa.(xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome.(G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that:(i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies.(ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph.(b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows:(1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise:(A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of:(i) The conjunctiva.(ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome.(iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea.(iv) An infection of the cornea.(B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera.(2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section:(A) Antiamoebics.(B) Antineoplastics.(C) Coagulation modulators.(D) Hormone modulators.(E) Immunomodulators.(5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a):(A) A laboratory test or imaging study.(B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6).(6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical.(7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age.(B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days.(C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications.(c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements:(1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution.(2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program.(3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board.(4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008.(d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements:(1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training.(2) Is certified in basic life support.(3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health.(4) Applies for an immunization certificate on a board-approved form.(e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge.(f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth.(g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply:(1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents.(2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats.(3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease.(4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code.(5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease.(6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present.SEC. 3.1. Section 3041 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following:(1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively.(2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition.(3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics.(4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia:(A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.).(B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists.(C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment.(D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over.(E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa:(i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility.(ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for:(I) Detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon.(II) Detecting the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus.(iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin.(iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility.(v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation.(F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated:(i) Corneal scraping with cultures.(ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy.(iii) Mechanical epilation.(iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision.(v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b).(vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression.(vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair.(ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph.(x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography.(xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available.(xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa.(xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome.(G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that:(i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies.(ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph.(b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows:(1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise:(A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of:(i) The conjunctiva.(ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome.(iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea.(iv) An infection of the cornea.(B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera.(2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section:(A) Antiamoebics.(B) Antineoplastics.(C) Coagulation modulators.(D) Hormone modulators.(E) Immunomodulators.(5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a):(A) A laboratory test or imaging study.(B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6).(6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical.(7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age.(B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days.(C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications.(c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements:(1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution.(2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program.(3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board.(4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008.(d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements:(1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training.(2) Is certified in basic life support.(3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health.(4) Applies for an immunization certificate in accordance with Section 3041.5.(e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge.(f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth.(g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply:(1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents.(2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats.(3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease.(4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code.(5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease.(6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present.SEC. 4. No reimbursement is required by this act pursuant to Section 6 of Article XIIIB of the California Constitution because the only costs that may be incurred by a local agency or school district will be incurred because this act creates a new crime or infraction, eliminates a crime or infraction, or changes the penalty for a crime or infraction, within the meaning of Section 17556 of the Government Code, or changes the definition of a crime within the meaning of Section 6 of Article XIIIB of the California Constitution.SEC. 5. Section 2.1 of this bill incorporates amendments to Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code proposed by both this bill and Assembly Bill 1534. That section of this bill shall only become operative if (1) both bills are enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2022, (2) each bill amends Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code, and (3) this bill is enacted after Assembly Bill 1534, in which case Section 2 of this bill shall not become operative.SEC. 6. (a) Section 3.1 of this bill shall become operative only if (1) this bill and Assembly Bill 691 of the 202122 Regular Session are enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2022, and (2) Assembly Bill 691 adds Section 3041.5 to the Business and Professions Code, in which case Section 3 of this bill shall not become operative.(b) Section 3 of this bill shall become operative only if Assembly Bill 691 is not enacted and does not become effective on or before January 1, 2022, in which case Section 3.1 of this bill shall not become operative. |
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| 1 | + | Enrolled September 15, 2021 Passed IN Senate September 08, 2021 Passed IN Assembly September 10, 2021 Amended IN Senate September 03, 2021 Amended IN Senate July 07, 2021 Amended IN Assembly April 20, 2021 CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE 20212022 REGULAR SESSION Assembly Bill No. 407Introduced by Assembly Members Salas and LowFebruary 03, 2021 An act to amend the heading of Chapter 5.4 (commencing with Section 2540) of Division 2 of, and to amend Sections 2544 and 3041 of, the Business and Professions Code, relating to healing arts. LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGESTAB 407, Salas. Optometry: assistants and scope of practice.Existing law prohibits any person, other than a physician and surgeon or optometrist, from measuring the powers or range of human vision or determining the accommodative and refractive status of the human eye or the scope of its functions in general or prescribing ophthalmic devices. Existing law provides that an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of an ophthalmologist or optometrist may, among other things, perform tonometry and perform nonsubjective auto refraction in connection with subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist.This bill would permit such an assistant to perform nonsubjective auto refraction, to perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to certain conditions, and to perform A scan and B scan ultrasound testing.Existing law, the Optometry Practice Act, establishes the California State Board of Optometry in the Department of Consumer Affairs for the licensure and regulation of the practice of optometry. Existing law provides that the practice of optometry includes various functions relating to the visual system and the treatment and management of certain disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as well as the provision of rehabilitative optometric services, and doing certain things, including, but not limited to, the examination of the human eye or eyes. Existing law further authorizes an optometrist who is certified to use therapeutic pharmaceutical agents, as specified, to diagnose and treat certain conditions including, among others, hypotrichosis and blepharitis. Existing law sets forth requirements for a certified optometrist to become certified in the administration of immunizations, as defined. Existing law specifies that a violation of the act is a misdemeanor punishable by fine or imprisonment, as provided.This bill would revise what comprises the practice of optometry, including specific practices a certified optometrist may engage in, and would specify exceptions or limitations to that practice. The bill would permit a certified optometrist to use or prescribe topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or otherwise limited or excluded, as described. The bill would permit a certified optometrist to administer authorized immunizations after meeting the immunization certification requirements. By changing the scope of a crime, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.This bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this act for a specified reason.This bill would incorporate additional changes to Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code proposed by AB 1534 to be operative only if this bill and AB 1534 are enacted and this bill is enacted last.This bill would, contingent upon the enactment of AB 691, make additional changes to Section 3041 of the Business and Professions Code relating to the diagnostic use of certain laboratory tests or examinations for detecting the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and to immunization certification, to be operative only if this bill and AB 691 are enacted.Digest Key Vote: MAJORITY Appropriation: NO Fiscal Committee: YES Local Program: YES Bill TextThe people of the State of California do enact as follows:SECTION 1. The heading of Chapter 5.4 (commencing with Section 2540) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read: CHAPTER 5.4. Prescription Lenses and Ophthalmic and Optometric AssistantsSEC. 2. Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of a physician and surgeon or optometrist may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an ophthalmologist or optometrist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following:(1) Prepare patients for examination.(2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history.(3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility.(4) Perform automated visual field testing.(5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging.(6) Perform tonometry.(7) Perform lensometry.(8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction.(9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions:(A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist.(B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows:(i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services.(ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist.(iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift.(C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures.(D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities.(10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes.(11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing.(b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services.(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400.SEC. 2.1. Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or a physician and surgeon may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or ophthalmologist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following:(1) Prepare patients for examination.(2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history.(3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility.(4) Perform automated visual field testing.(5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging.(6) Perform tonometry.(7) Perform lensometry.(8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction.(9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions:(A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist.(B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows:(i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services.(ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist.(iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift.(C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures.(D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities.(10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes.(11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing.(b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services.(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400.SEC. 3. Section 3041 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following:(1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively.(2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition.(3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics.(4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia:(A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.). (B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists.(C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment.(D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over.(E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa:(i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility.(ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon.(iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin.(iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility.(v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation.(F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated:(i) Corneal scraping with cultures.(ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy.(iii) Mechanical epilation.(iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision.(v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b).(vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression.(vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair.(ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph.(x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography.(xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available.(xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa.(xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome.(G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that:(i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies.(ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph.(b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows:(1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise:(A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of:(i) The conjunctiva.(ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome.(iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea.(iv) An infection of the cornea.(B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera.(2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section:(A) Antiamoebics.(B) Antineoplastics.(C) Coagulation modulators.(D) Hormone modulators.(E) Immunomodulators.(5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a):(A) A laboratory test or imaging study.(B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6).(6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical.(7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age.(B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days.(C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications.(c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements:(1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution.(2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program.(3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board.(4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008.(d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements:(1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training.(2) Is certified in basic life support.(3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health.(4) Applies for an immunization certificate on a board-approved form.(e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge.(f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth.(g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply:(1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents.(2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats.(3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease.(4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code.(5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease.(6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present.SEC. 3.1. Section 3041 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following:(1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively.(2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition.(3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics.(4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia:(A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.).(B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists.(C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment.(D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over.(E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa:(i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility.(ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for:(I) Detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon.(II) Detecting the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus.(iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin.(iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility.(v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation.(F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated:(i) Corneal scraping with cultures.(ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy.(iii) Mechanical epilation.(iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision.(v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b).(vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression.(vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair.(ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph.(x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography.(xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available.(xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa.(xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome.(G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that:(i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies.(ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph.(b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows:(1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise:(A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of:(i) The conjunctiva.(ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome.(iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea.(iv) An infection of the cornea.(B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera.(2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section:(A) Antiamoebics.(B) Antineoplastics.(C) Coagulation modulators.(D) Hormone modulators.(E) Immunomodulators.(5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a):(A) A laboratory test or imaging study.(B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6).(6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical.(7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age.(B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days.(C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications.(c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements:(1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution.(2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program.(3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board.(4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008.(d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements:(1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training.(2) Is certified in basic life support.(3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health.(4) Applies for an immunization certificate in accordance with Section 3041.5.(e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge.(f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth.(g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply:(1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents.(2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats.(3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease.(4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code.(5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease.(6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present.SEC. 4. No reimbursement is required by this act pursuant to Section 6 of Article XIIIB of the California Constitution because the only costs that may be incurred by a local agency or school district will be incurred because this act creates a new crime or infraction, eliminates a crime or infraction, or changes the penalty for a crime or infraction, within the meaning of Section 17556 of the Government Code, or changes the definition of a crime within the meaning of Section 6 of Article XIIIB of the California Constitution.SEC. 5. Section 2.1 of this bill incorporates amendments to Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code proposed by both this bill and Assembly Bill 1534. That section of this bill shall only become operative if (1) both bills are enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2022, (2) each bill amends Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code, and (3) this bill is enacted after Assembly Bill 1534, in which case Section 2 of this bill shall not become operative.SEC. 6. (a) Section 3.1 of this bill shall become operative only if (1) this bill and Assembly Bill 691 of the 202122 Regular Session are enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2022, and (2) Assembly Bill 691 adds Section 3041.5 to the Business and Professions Code, in which case Section 3 of this bill shall not become operative.(b) Section 3 of this bill shall become operative only if Assembly Bill 691 is not enacted and does not become effective on or before January 1, 2022, in which case Section 3.1 of this bill shall not become operative. |
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| 21 | 33 | | Existing law prohibits any person, other than a physician and surgeon or optometrist, from measuring the powers or range of human vision or determining the accommodative and refractive status of the human eye or the scope of its functions in general or prescribing ophthalmic devices. Existing law provides that an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of an ophthalmologist or optometrist may, among other things, perform tonometry and perform nonsubjective auto refraction in connection with subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist.This bill would permit such an assistant to perform nonsubjective auto refraction, to perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to certain conditions, and to perform A scan and B scan ultrasound testing.Existing law, the Optometry Practice Act, establishes the California State Board of Optometry in the Department of Consumer Affairs for the licensure and regulation of the practice of optometry. Existing law provides that the practice of optometry includes various functions relating to the visual system and the treatment and management of certain disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as well as the provision of rehabilitative optometric services, and doing certain things, including, but not limited to, the examination of the human eye or eyes. Existing law further authorizes an optometrist who is certified to use therapeutic pharmaceutical agents, as specified, to diagnose and treat certain conditions including, among others, hypotrichosis and blepharitis. Existing law sets forth requirements for a certified optometrist to become certified in the administration of immunizations, as defined. Existing law specifies that a violation of the act is a misdemeanor punishable by fine or imprisonment, as provided.This bill would revise what comprises the practice of optometry, including specific practices a certified optometrist may engage in, and would specify exceptions or limitations to that practice. The bill would permit a certified optometrist to use or prescribe topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or otherwise limited or excluded, as described. The bill would permit a certified optometrist to administer authorized immunizations after meeting the immunization certification requirements. By changing the scope of a crime, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.This bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this act for a specified reason.This bill would incorporate additional changes to Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code proposed by AB 1534 to be operative only if this bill and AB 1534 are enacted and this bill is enacted last.This bill would, contingent upon the enactment of AB 691, make additional changes to Section 3041 of the Business and Professions Code relating to the diagnostic use of certain laboratory tests or examinations for detecting the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and to immunization certification, to be operative only if this bill and AB 691 are enacted. |
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| 22 | 34 | | |
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| 23 | 35 | | Existing law prohibits any person, other than a physician and surgeon or optometrist, from measuring the powers or range of human vision or determining the accommodative and refractive status of the human eye or the scope of its functions in general or prescribing ophthalmic devices. Existing law provides that an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of an ophthalmologist or optometrist may, among other things, perform tonometry and perform nonsubjective auto refraction in connection with subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist. |
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| 24 | 36 | | |
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| 25 | 37 | | This bill would permit such an assistant to perform nonsubjective auto refraction, to perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to certain conditions, and to perform A scan and B scan ultrasound testing. |
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| 26 | 38 | | |
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| 27 | 39 | | Existing law, the Optometry Practice Act, establishes the California State Board of Optometry in the Department of Consumer Affairs for the licensure and regulation of the practice of optometry. Existing law provides that the practice of optometry includes various functions relating to the visual system and the treatment and management of certain disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as well as the provision of rehabilitative optometric services, and doing certain things, including, but not limited to, the examination of the human eye or eyes. Existing law further authorizes an optometrist who is certified to use therapeutic pharmaceutical agents, as specified, to diagnose and treat certain conditions including, among others, hypotrichosis and blepharitis. Existing law sets forth requirements for a certified optometrist to become certified in the administration of immunizations, as defined. Existing law specifies that a violation of the act is a misdemeanor punishable by fine or imprisonment, as provided. |
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| 28 | 40 | | |
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| 29 | 41 | | This bill would revise what comprises the practice of optometry, including specific practices a certified optometrist may engage in, and would specify exceptions or limitations to that practice. The bill would permit a certified optometrist to use or prescribe topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or otherwise limited or excluded, as described. The bill would permit a certified optometrist to administer authorized immunizations after meeting the immunization certification requirements. By changing the scope of a crime, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program. |
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| 30 | 42 | | |
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| 31 | 43 | | The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement. |
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| 32 | 44 | | |
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| 33 | 45 | | This bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this act for a specified reason. |
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| 34 | 46 | | |
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| 35 | 47 | | This bill would incorporate additional changes to Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code proposed by AB 1534 to be operative only if this bill and AB 1534 are enacted and this bill is enacted last. |
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| 36 | 48 | | |
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| 37 | 49 | | This bill would, contingent upon the enactment of AB 691, make additional changes to Section 3041 of the Business and Professions Code relating to the diagnostic use of certain laboratory tests or examinations for detecting the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and to immunization certification, to be operative only if this bill and AB 691 are enacted. |
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| 38 | 50 | | |
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| 39 | 51 | | ## Digest Key |
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| 40 | 52 | | |
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| 41 | 53 | | ## Bill Text |
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| 42 | 54 | | |
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| 43 | 55 | | The people of the State of California do enact as follows:SECTION 1. The heading of Chapter 5.4 (commencing with Section 2540) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read: CHAPTER 5.4. Prescription Lenses and Ophthalmic and Optometric AssistantsSEC. 2. Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of a physician and surgeon or optometrist may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an ophthalmologist or optometrist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following:(1) Prepare patients for examination.(2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history.(3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility.(4) Perform automated visual field testing.(5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging.(6) Perform tonometry.(7) Perform lensometry.(8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction.(9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions:(A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist.(B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows:(i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services.(ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist.(iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift.(C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures.(D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities.(10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes.(11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing.(b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services.(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400.SEC. 2.1. Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or a physician and surgeon may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or ophthalmologist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following:(1) Prepare patients for examination.(2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history.(3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility.(4) Perform automated visual field testing.(5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging.(6) Perform tonometry.(7) Perform lensometry.(8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction.(9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions:(A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist.(B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows:(i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services.(ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist.(iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift.(C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures.(D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities.(10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes.(11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing.(b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services.(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400.SEC. 3. Section 3041 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following:(1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively.(2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition.(3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics.(4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia:(A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.). (B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists.(C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment.(D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over.(E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa:(i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility.(ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon.(iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin.(iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility.(v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation.(F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated:(i) Corneal scraping with cultures.(ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy.(iii) Mechanical epilation.(iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision.(v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b).(vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression.(vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair.(ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph.(x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography.(xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available.(xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa.(xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome.(G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that:(i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies.(ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph.(b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows:(1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise:(A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of:(i) The conjunctiva.(ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome.(iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea.(iv) An infection of the cornea.(B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera.(2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section:(A) Antiamoebics.(B) Antineoplastics.(C) Coagulation modulators.(D) Hormone modulators.(E) Immunomodulators.(5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a):(A) A laboratory test or imaging study.(B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6).(6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical.(7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age.(B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days.(C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications.(c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements:(1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution.(2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program.(3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board.(4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008.(d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements:(1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training.(2) Is certified in basic life support.(3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health.(4) Applies for an immunization certificate on a board-approved form.(e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge.(f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth.(g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply:(1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents.(2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats.(3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease.(4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code.(5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease.(6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present.SEC. 3.1. Section 3041 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following:(1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively.(2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition.(3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics.(4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia:(A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.).(B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists.(C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment.(D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over.(E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa:(i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility.(ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for:(I) Detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon.(II) Detecting the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus.(iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin.(iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility.(v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation.(F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated:(i) Corneal scraping with cultures.(ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy.(iii) Mechanical epilation.(iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision.(v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b).(vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression.(vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair.(ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph.(x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography.(xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available.(xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa.(xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome.(G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that:(i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies.(ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph.(b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows:(1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise:(A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of:(i) The conjunctiva.(ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome.(iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea.(iv) An infection of the cornea.(B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera.(2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section:(A) Antiamoebics.(B) Antineoplastics.(C) Coagulation modulators.(D) Hormone modulators.(E) Immunomodulators.(5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a):(A) A laboratory test or imaging study.(B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6).(6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical.(7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age.(B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days.(C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications.(c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements:(1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution.(2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program.(3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board.(4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008.(d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements:(1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training.(2) Is certified in basic life support.(3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health.(4) Applies for an immunization certificate in accordance with Section 3041.5.(e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge.(f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth.(g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply:(1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents.(2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats.(3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease.(4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code.(5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease.(6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present.SEC. 4. No reimbursement is required by this act pursuant to Section 6 of Article XIIIB of the California Constitution because the only costs that may be incurred by a local agency or school district will be incurred because this act creates a new crime or infraction, eliminates a crime or infraction, or changes the penalty for a crime or infraction, within the meaning of Section 17556 of the Government Code, or changes the definition of a crime within the meaning of Section 6 of Article XIIIB of the California Constitution.SEC. 5. Section 2.1 of this bill incorporates amendments to Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code proposed by both this bill and Assembly Bill 1534. That section of this bill shall only become operative if (1) both bills are enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2022, (2) each bill amends Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code, and (3) this bill is enacted after Assembly Bill 1534, in which case Section 2 of this bill shall not become operative.SEC. 6. (a) Section 3.1 of this bill shall become operative only if (1) this bill and Assembly Bill 691 of the 202122 Regular Session are enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2022, and (2) Assembly Bill 691 adds Section 3041.5 to the Business and Professions Code, in which case Section 3 of this bill shall not become operative.(b) Section 3 of this bill shall become operative only if Assembly Bill 691 is not enacted and does not become effective on or before January 1, 2022, in which case Section 3.1 of this bill shall not become operative. |
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| 44 | 56 | | |
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| 45 | 57 | | The people of the State of California do enact as follows: |
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| 46 | 58 | | |
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| 47 | 59 | | ## The people of the State of California do enact as follows: |
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| 48 | 60 | | |
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| 49 | 61 | | SECTION 1. The heading of Chapter 5.4 (commencing with Section 2540) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read: CHAPTER 5.4. Prescription Lenses and Ophthalmic and Optometric Assistants |
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| 50 | 62 | | |
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| 51 | 63 | | SECTION 1. The heading of Chapter 5.4 (commencing with Section 2540) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read: |
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| 52 | 64 | | |
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| 53 | 65 | | ### SECTION 1. |
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| 54 | 66 | | |
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| 55 | 67 | | CHAPTER 5.4. Prescription Lenses and Ophthalmic and Optometric Assistants |
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| 56 | 68 | | |
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| 57 | 69 | | CHAPTER 5.4. Prescription Lenses and Ophthalmic and Optometric Assistants |
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| 58 | 70 | | |
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| 59 | 71 | | CHAPTER 5.4. Prescription Lenses and Ophthalmic and Optometric Assistants |
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| 60 | 72 | | |
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| 61 | 73 | | CHAPTER 5.4. Prescription Lenses and Ophthalmic and Optometric Assistants |
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| 62 | 74 | | |
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| 63 | 75 | | SEC. 2. Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of a physician and surgeon or optometrist may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an ophthalmologist or optometrist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following:(1) Prepare patients for examination.(2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history.(3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility.(4) Perform automated visual field testing.(5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging.(6) Perform tonometry.(7) Perform lensometry.(8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction.(9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions:(A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist.(B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows:(i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services.(ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist.(iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift.(C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures.(D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities.(10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes.(11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing.(b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services.(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400. |
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| 64 | 76 | | |
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| 65 | 77 | | SEC. 2. Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read: |
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| 66 | 78 | | |
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| 67 | 79 | | ### SEC. 2. |
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| 68 | 80 | | |
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| 69 | 81 | | 2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of a physician and surgeon or optometrist may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an ophthalmologist or optometrist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following:(1) Prepare patients for examination.(2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history.(3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility.(4) Perform automated visual field testing.(5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging.(6) Perform tonometry.(7) Perform lensometry.(8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction.(9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions:(A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist.(B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows:(i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services.(ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist.(iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift.(C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures.(D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities.(10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes.(11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing.(b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services.(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400. |
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| 70 | 82 | | |
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| 71 | 83 | | 2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of a physician and surgeon or optometrist may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an ophthalmologist or optometrist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following:(1) Prepare patients for examination.(2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history.(3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility.(4) Perform automated visual field testing.(5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging.(6) Perform tonometry.(7) Perform lensometry.(8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction.(9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions:(A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist.(B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows:(i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services.(ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist.(iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift.(C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures.(D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities.(10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes.(11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing.(b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services.(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400. |
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| 72 | 84 | | |
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| 73 | 85 | | 2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of a physician and surgeon or optometrist may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an ophthalmologist or optometrist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following:(1) Prepare patients for examination.(2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history.(3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility.(4) Perform automated visual field testing.(5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging.(6) Perform tonometry.(7) Perform lensometry.(8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction.(9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions:(A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist.(B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows:(i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services.(ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist.(iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift.(C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures.(D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities.(10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes.(11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing.(b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services.(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400. |
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| 74 | 86 | | |
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| 75 | 87 | | |
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| 76 | 88 | | |
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| 77 | 89 | | 2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of a physician and surgeon or optometrist may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an ophthalmologist or optometrist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following: |
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| 78 | 90 | | |
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| 79 | 91 | | (1) Prepare patients for examination. |
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| 80 | 92 | | |
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| 81 | 93 | | (2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history. |
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| 82 | 94 | | |
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| 83 | 95 | | (3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility. |
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| 84 | 96 | | |
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| 85 | 97 | | (4) Perform automated visual field testing. |
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| 86 | 98 | | |
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| 87 | 99 | | (5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging. |
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| 88 | 100 | | |
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| 89 | 101 | | (6) Perform tonometry. |
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| 90 | 102 | | |
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| 91 | 103 | | (7) Perform lensometry. |
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| 92 | 104 | | |
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| 93 | 105 | | (8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction. |
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| 94 | 106 | | |
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| 95 | 107 | | (9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions: |
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| 96 | 108 | | |
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| 97 | 109 | | (A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist. |
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| 98 | 110 | | |
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| 99 | 111 | | (B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows: |
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| 100 | 112 | | |
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| 101 | 113 | | (i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services. |
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| 102 | 114 | | |
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| 103 | 115 | | (ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist. |
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| 104 | 116 | | |
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| 105 | 117 | | (iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift. |
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| 106 | 118 | | |
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| 107 | 119 | | (C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures. |
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| 108 | 120 | | |
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| 109 | 121 | | (D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities. |
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| 110 | 122 | | |
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| 111 | 123 | | (10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes. |
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| 112 | 124 | | |
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| 113 | 125 | | (11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing. |
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| 114 | 126 | | |
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| 115 | 127 | | (b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services. |
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| 116 | 128 | | |
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| 117 | 129 | | (c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400. |
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| 118 | 130 | | |
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| 119 | 131 | | SEC. 2.1. Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or a physician and surgeon may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or ophthalmologist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following:(1) Prepare patients for examination.(2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history.(3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility.(4) Perform automated visual field testing.(5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging.(6) Perform tonometry.(7) Perform lensometry.(8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction.(9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions:(A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist.(B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows:(i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services.(ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist.(iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift.(C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures.(D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities.(10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes.(11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing.(b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services.(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400. |
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| 120 | 132 | | |
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| 121 | 133 | | SEC. 2.1. Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read: |
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| 122 | 134 | | |
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| 123 | 135 | | ### SEC. 2.1. |
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| 124 | 136 | | |
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| 125 | 137 | | 2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or a physician and surgeon may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or ophthalmologist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following:(1) Prepare patients for examination.(2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history.(3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility.(4) Perform automated visual field testing.(5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging.(6) Perform tonometry.(7) Perform lensometry.(8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction.(9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions:(A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist.(B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows:(i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services.(ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist.(iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift.(C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures.(D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities.(10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes.(11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing.(b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services.(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400. |
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| 126 | 138 | | |
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| 127 | 139 | | 2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or a physician and surgeon may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or ophthalmologist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following:(1) Prepare patients for examination.(2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history.(3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility.(4) Perform automated visual field testing.(5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging.(6) Perform tonometry.(7) Perform lensometry.(8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction.(9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions:(A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist.(B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows:(i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services.(ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist.(iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift.(C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures.(D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities.(10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes.(11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing.(b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services.(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400. |
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| 128 | 140 | | |
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| 129 | 141 | | 2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or a physician and surgeon may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or ophthalmologist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following:(1) Prepare patients for examination.(2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history.(3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility.(4) Perform automated visual field testing.(5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging.(6) Perform tonometry.(7) Perform lensometry.(8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction.(9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions:(A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist.(B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows:(i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services.(ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist.(iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift.(C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures.(D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities.(10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes.(11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing.(b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services.(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400. |
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| 130 | 142 | | |
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| 131 | 143 | | |
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| 132 | 144 | | |
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| 133 | 145 | | 2544. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced who is acting under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or a physician and surgeon may fit prescription lenses. Under the direct responsibility and supervision of an optometrist or ophthalmologist, an assistant in any setting where optometry or ophthalmology is practiced may also do the following: |
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| 134 | 146 | | |
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| 135 | 147 | | (1) Prepare patients for examination. |
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| 136 | 148 | | |
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| 137 | 149 | | (2) Collect preliminary patient data, including taking a patient history. |
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| 138 | 150 | | |
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| 139 | 151 | | (3) Perform simple noninvasive testing of visual acuity, pupils, and ocular motility. |
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| 140 | 152 | | |
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| 141 | 153 | | (4) Perform automated visual field testing. |
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| 142 | 154 | | |
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| 143 | 155 | | (5) Perform ophthalmic photography and digital imaging. |
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| 144 | 156 | | |
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| 145 | 157 | | (6) Perform tonometry. |
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| 146 | 158 | | |
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| 147 | 159 | | (7) Perform lensometry. |
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| 148 | 160 | | |
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| 149 | 161 | | (8) Perform nonsubjective auto refraction. |
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| 150 | 162 | | |
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| 151 | 163 | | (9) Perform preliminary subjective refraction procedures in connection with finalizing subjective refraction procedures performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, subject to the following conditions: |
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| 152 | 164 | | |
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| 153 | 165 | | (A) The assistant shall have at least 45 hours of documented training in subjective refraction procedures acceptable to the supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist. |
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| 154 | 166 | | |
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| 155 | 167 | | (B) Any preliminary subjective refraction procedures shall be performed as follows: |
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| 156 | 168 | | |
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| 157 | 169 | | (i) When the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist is physically present at the location where the procedures are being performed, and not involving telehealth services. |
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| 158 | 170 | | |
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| 159 | 171 | | (ii) In conjunction with an in-person examination being performed by the supervising physician and surgeon or optometrist. |
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| 160 | 172 | | |
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| 161 | 173 | | (iii) With a supervisory ratio of no more than three assistants per supervising ophthalmologist or optometrist during the supervisors work shift. |
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| 162 | 174 | | |
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| 163 | 175 | | (C) An assistant performing preliminary subjective refraction procedures may utilize appropriate related equipment, including, but not limited to, a phoropter, trial lenses, and a retinoscope, solely for the purpose of performing those procedures. |
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| 164 | 176 | | |
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| 165 | 177 | | (D) An assistant may not prescribe glasses or contact lenses, and nothing in this section shall be interpreted as authorizing those activities. |
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| 166 | 178 | | |
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| 167 | 179 | | (10) Administer cycloplegics, mydriatics, and topical anesthetics that are not controlled substances, for ophthalmic purposes. |
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| 168 | 180 | | |
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| 169 | 181 | | (11) Perform pachymetry, keratometry, A scan and B scan ultrasound testing, and electrodiagnostic testing. |
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| 170 | 182 | | |
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| 171 | 183 | | (b) For the purposes of this section, setting includes, but is not limited to, any facility licensed by the State Department of Public Health or the State Department of Social Services. |
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| 172 | 184 | | |
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| 173 | 185 | | (c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize activities that corporations and other artificial legal entities are prohibited from conducting by Section 2400. |
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| 174 | 186 | | |
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| 175 | 187 | | SEC. 3. Section 3041 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following:(1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively.(2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition.(3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics.(4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia:(A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.). (B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists.(C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment.(D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over.(E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa:(i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility.(ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon.(iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin.(iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility.(v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation.(F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated:(i) Corneal scraping with cultures.(ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy.(iii) Mechanical epilation.(iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision.(v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b).(vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression.(vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair.(ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph.(x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography.(xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available.(xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa.(xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome.(G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that:(i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies.(ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph.(b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows:(1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise:(A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of:(i) The conjunctiva.(ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome.(iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea.(iv) An infection of the cornea.(B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera.(2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section:(A) Antiamoebics.(B) Antineoplastics.(C) Coagulation modulators.(D) Hormone modulators.(E) Immunomodulators.(5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a):(A) A laboratory test or imaging study.(B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6).(6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical.(7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age.(B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days.(C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications.(c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements:(1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution.(2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program.(3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board.(4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008.(d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements:(1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training.(2) Is certified in basic life support.(3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health.(4) Applies for an immunization certificate on a board-approved form.(e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge.(f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth.(g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply:(1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents.(2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats.(3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease.(4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code.(5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease.(6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present. |
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| 176 | 188 | | |
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| 177 | 189 | | SEC. 3. Section 3041 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read: |
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| 178 | 190 | | |
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| 179 | 191 | | ### SEC. 3. |
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| 180 | 192 | | |
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| 181 | 193 | | 3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following:(1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively.(2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition.(3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics.(4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia:(A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.). (B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists.(C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment.(D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over.(E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa:(i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility.(ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon.(iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin.(iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility.(v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation.(F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated:(i) Corneal scraping with cultures.(ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy.(iii) Mechanical epilation.(iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision.(v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b).(vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression.(vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair.(ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph.(x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography.(xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available.(xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa.(xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome.(G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that:(i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies.(ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph.(b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows:(1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise:(A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of:(i) The conjunctiva.(ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome.(iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea.(iv) An infection of the cornea.(B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera.(2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section:(A) Antiamoebics.(B) Antineoplastics.(C) Coagulation modulators.(D) Hormone modulators.(E) Immunomodulators.(5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a):(A) A laboratory test or imaging study.(B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6).(6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical.(7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age.(B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days.(C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications.(c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements:(1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution.(2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program.(3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board.(4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008.(d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements:(1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training.(2) Is certified in basic life support.(3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health.(4) Applies for an immunization certificate on a board-approved form.(e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge.(f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth.(g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply:(1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents.(2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats.(3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease.(4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code.(5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease.(6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present. |
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| 182 | 194 | | |
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| 183 | 195 | | 3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following:(1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively.(2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition.(3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics.(4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia:(A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.). (B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists.(C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment.(D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over.(E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa:(i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility.(ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon.(iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin.(iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility.(v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation.(F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated:(i) Corneal scraping with cultures.(ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy.(iii) Mechanical epilation.(iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision.(v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b).(vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression.(vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair.(ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph.(x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography.(xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available.(xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa.(xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome.(G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that:(i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies.(ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph.(b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows:(1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise:(A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of:(i) The conjunctiva.(ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome.(iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea.(iv) An infection of the cornea.(B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera.(2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section:(A) Antiamoebics.(B) Antineoplastics.(C) Coagulation modulators.(D) Hormone modulators.(E) Immunomodulators.(5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a):(A) A laboratory test or imaging study.(B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6).(6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical.(7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age.(B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days.(C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications.(c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements:(1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution.(2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program.(3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board.(4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008.(d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements:(1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training.(2) Is certified in basic life support.(3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health.(4) Applies for an immunization certificate on a board-approved form.(e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge.(f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth.(g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply:(1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents.(2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats.(3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease.(4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code.(5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease.(6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present. |
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| 184 | 196 | | |
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| 185 | 197 | | 3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following:(1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively.(2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition.(3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics.(4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia:(A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.). (B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists.(C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment.(D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over.(E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa:(i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility.(ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon.(iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin.(iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility.(v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation.(F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated:(i) Corneal scraping with cultures.(ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy.(iii) Mechanical epilation.(iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision.(v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b).(vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression.(vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair.(ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph.(x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography.(xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available.(xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa.(xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome.(G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that:(i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies.(ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph.(b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows:(1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise:(A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of:(i) The conjunctiva.(ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome.(iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea.(iv) An infection of the cornea.(B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera.(2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section:(A) Antiamoebics.(B) Antineoplastics.(C) Coagulation modulators.(D) Hormone modulators.(E) Immunomodulators.(5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a):(A) A laboratory test or imaging study.(B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6).(6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical.(7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age.(B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days.(C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications.(c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements:(1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution.(2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program.(3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board.(4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008.(d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements:(1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training.(2) Is certified in basic life support.(3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health.(4) Applies for an immunization certificate on a board-approved form.(e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge.(f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth.(g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply:(1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents.(2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats.(3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease.(4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code.(5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease.(6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present. |
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| 186 | 198 | | |
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| 187 | 199 | | |
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| 188 | 200 | | |
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| 189 | 201 | | 3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following: |
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| 190 | 202 | | |
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| 191 | 203 | | (1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively. |
|---|
| 192 | 204 | | |
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| 193 | 205 | | (2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition. |
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| 194 | 206 | | |
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| 195 | 207 | | (3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics. |
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| 196 | 208 | | |
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| 197 | 209 | | (4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide. |
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| 198 | 210 | | |
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| 199 | 211 | | (5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia: |
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| 200 | 212 | | |
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| 201 | 213 | | (A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.). |
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| 202 | 214 | | |
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| 203 | 215 | | (B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists. |
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| 204 | 216 | | |
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| 205 | 217 | | (C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment. |
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| 206 | 218 | | |
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| 207 | 219 | | (D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over. |
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| 208 | 220 | | |
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| 209 | 221 | | (E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa: |
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| 210 | 222 | | |
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| 211 | 223 | | (i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility. |
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| 212 | 224 | | |
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| 213 | 225 | | (ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon. |
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| 214 | 226 | | |
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| 215 | 227 | | (iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin. |
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| 216 | 228 | | |
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| 217 | 229 | | (iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility. |
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| 218 | 230 | | |
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| 219 | 231 | | (v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon. |
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| 220 | 232 | | |
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| 221 | 233 | | (vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation. |
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| 222 | 234 | | |
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| 223 | 235 | | (F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated: |
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| 224 | 236 | | |
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| 225 | 237 | | (i) Corneal scraping with cultures. |
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| 226 | 238 | | |
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| 227 | 239 | | (ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy. |
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| 228 | 240 | | |
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| 229 | 241 | | (iii) Mechanical epilation. |
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| 230 | 242 | | |
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| 231 | 243 | | (iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision. |
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| 232 | 244 | | |
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| 233 | 245 | | (v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b). |
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| 234 | 246 | | |
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| 235 | 247 | | (vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression. |
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| 236 | 248 | | |
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| 237 | 249 | | (vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide. |
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| 238 | 250 | | |
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| 239 | 251 | | (viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair. |
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| 240 | 252 | | |
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| 241 | 253 | | (ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph. |
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| 242 | 254 | | |
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| 243 | 255 | | (x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography. |
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| 244 | 256 | | |
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| 245 | 257 | | (xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available. |
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| 246 | 258 | | |
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| 247 | 259 | | (xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa. |
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| 248 | 260 | | |
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| 249 | 261 | | (xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome. |
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| 250 | 262 | | |
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| 251 | 263 | | (G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that: |
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| 252 | 264 | | |
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| 253 | 265 | | (i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies. |
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| 254 | 266 | | |
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| 255 | 267 | | (ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph. |
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| 256 | 268 | | |
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| 257 | 269 | | (b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows: |
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| 258 | 270 | | |
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| 259 | 271 | | (1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise: |
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| 260 | 272 | | |
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| 261 | 273 | | (A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of: |
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| 262 | 274 | | |
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| 263 | 275 | | (i) The conjunctiva. |
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| 264 | 276 | | |
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| 265 | 277 | | (ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome. |
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| 266 | 278 | | |
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| 267 | 279 | | (iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea. |
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| 268 | 280 | | |
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| 269 | 281 | | (iv) An infection of the cornea. |
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| 270 | 282 | | |
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| 271 | 283 | | (B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera. |
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| 272 | 284 | | |
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| 273 | 285 | | (2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon. |
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| 274 | 286 | | |
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| 275 | 287 | | (3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon. |
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| 276 | 288 | | |
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| 277 | 289 | | (4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section: |
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| 278 | 290 | | |
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| 279 | 291 | | (A) Antiamoebics. |
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| 280 | 292 | | |
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| 281 | 293 | | (B) Antineoplastics. |
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| 282 | 294 | | |
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| 283 | 295 | | (C) Coagulation modulators. |
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| 284 | 296 | | |
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| 285 | 297 | | (D) Hormone modulators. |
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| 286 | 298 | | |
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| 287 | 299 | | (E) Immunomodulators. |
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| 288 | 300 | | |
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| 289 | 301 | | (5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a): |
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| 290 | 302 | | |
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| 291 | 303 | | (A) A laboratory test or imaging study. |
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| 292 | 304 | | |
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| 293 | 305 | | (B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6). |
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| 294 | 306 | | |
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| 295 | 307 | | (6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical. |
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| 296 | 308 | | |
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| 297 | 309 | | (7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age. |
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| 298 | 310 | | |
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| 299 | 311 | | (B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days. |
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| 300 | 312 | | |
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| 301 | 313 | | (C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications. |
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| 302 | 314 | | |
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| 303 | 315 | | (c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements: |
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| 304 | 316 | | |
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| 305 | 317 | | (1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution. |
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| 306 | 318 | | |
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| 307 | 319 | | (2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program. |
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| 308 | 320 | | |
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| 309 | 321 | | (3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board. |
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| 310 | 322 | | |
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| 311 | 323 | | (4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008. |
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| 312 | 324 | | |
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| 313 | 325 | | (d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements: |
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| 314 | 326 | | |
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| 315 | 327 | | (1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training. |
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| 316 | 328 | | |
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| 317 | 329 | | (2) Is certified in basic life support. |
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| 318 | 330 | | |
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| 319 | 331 | | (3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health. |
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| 320 | 332 | | |
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| 321 | 333 | | (4) Applies for an immunization certificate on a board-approved form. |
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| 322 | 334 | | |
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| 323 | 335 | | (e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge. |
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| 324 | 336 | | |
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| 325 | 337 | | (f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth. |
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| 326 | 338 | | |
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| 327 | 339 | | (g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply: |
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| 328 | 340 | | |
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| 329 | 341 | | (1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents. |
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| 330 | 342 | | |
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| 331 | 343 | | (2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats. |
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| 332 | 344 | | |
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| 333 | 345 | | (3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease. |
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| 334 | 346 | | |
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| 335 | 347 | | (4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code. |
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| 336 | 348 | | |
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| 337 | 349 | | (5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease. |
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| 338 | 350 | | |
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| 339 | 351 | | (6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present. |
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| 340 | 352 | | |
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| 341 | 353 | | SEC. 3.1. Section 3041 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following:(1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively.(2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition.(3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics.(4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia:(A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.).(B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists.(C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment.(D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over.(E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa:(i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility.(ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for:(I) Detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon.(II) Detecting the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus.(iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin.(iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility.(v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation.(F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated:(i) Corneal scraping with cultures.(ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy.(iii) Mechanical epilation.(iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision.(v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b).(vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression.(vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair.(ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph.(x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography.(xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available.(xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa.(xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome.(G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that:(i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies.(ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph.(b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows:(1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise:(A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of:(i) The conjunctiva.(ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome.(iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea.(iv) An infection of the cornea.(B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera.(2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section:(A) Antiamoebics.(B) Antineoplastics.(C) Coagulation modulators.(D) Hormone modulators.(E) Immunomodulators.(5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a):(A) A laboratory test or imaging study.(B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6).(6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical.(7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age.(B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days.(C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications.(c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements:(1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution.(2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program.(3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board.(4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008.(d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements:(1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training.(2) Is certified in basic life support.(3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health.(4) Applies for an immunization certificate in accordance with Section 3041.5.(e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge.(f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth.(g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply:(1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents.(2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats.(3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease.(4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code.(5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease.(6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present. |
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| 342 | 354 | | |
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| 343 | 355 | | SEC. 3.1. Section 3041 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read: |
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| 344 | 356 | | |
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| 345 | 357 | | ### SEC. 3.1. |
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| 346 | 358 | | |
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| 347 | 359 | | 3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following:(1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively.(2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition.(3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics.(4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia:(A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.).(B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists.(C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment.(D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over.(E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa:(i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility.(ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for:(I) Detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon.(II) Detecting the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus.(iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin.(iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility.(v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation.(F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated:(i) Corneal scraping with cultures.(ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy.(iii) Mechanical epilation.(iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision.(v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b).(vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression.(vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair.(ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph.(x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography.(xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available.(xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa.(xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome.(G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that:(i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies.(ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph.(b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows:(1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise:(A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of:(i) The conjunctiva.(ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome.(iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea.(iv) An infection of the cornea.(B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera.(2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section:(A) Antiamoebics.(B) Antineoplastics.(C) Coagulation modulators.(D) Hormone modulators.(E) Immunomodulators.(5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a):(A) A laboratory test or imaging study.(B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6).(6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical.(7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age.(B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days.(C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications.(c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements:(1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution.(2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program.(3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board.(4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008.(d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements:(1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training.(2) Is certified in basic life support.(3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health.(4) Applies for an immunization certificate in accordance with Section 3041.5.(e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge.(f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth.(g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply:(1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents.(2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats.(3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease.(4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code.(5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease.(6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present. |
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| 348 | 360 | | |
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| 349 | 361 | | 3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following:(1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively.(2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition.(3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics.(4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia:(A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.).(B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists.(C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment.(D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over.(E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa:(i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility.(ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for:(I) Detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon.(II) Detecting the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus.(iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin.(iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility.(v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation.(F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated:(i) Corneal scraping with cultures.(ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy.(iii) Mechanical epilation.(iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision.(v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b).(vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression.(vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair.(ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph.(x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography.(xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available.(xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa.(xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome.(G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that:(i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies.(ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph.(b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows:(1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise:(A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of:(i) The conjunctiva.(ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome.(iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea.(iv) An infection of the cornea.(B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera.(2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section:(A) Antiamoebics.(B) Antineoplastics.(C) Coagulation modulators.(D) Hormone modulators.(E) Immunomodulators.(5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a):(A) A laboratory test or imaging study.(B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6).(6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical.(7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age.(B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days.(C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications.(c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements:(1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution.(2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program.(3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board.(4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008.(d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements:(1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training.(2) Is certified in basic life support.(3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health.(4) Applies for an immunization certificate in accordance with Section 3041.5.(e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge.(f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth.(g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply:(1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents.(2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats.(3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease.(4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code.(5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease.(6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present. |
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| 350 | 362 | | |
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| 351 | 363 | | 3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following:(1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively.(2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition.(3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics.(4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia:(A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.).(B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists.(C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment.(D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over.(E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa:(i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility.(ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for:(I) Detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon.(II) Detecting the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus.(iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin.(iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility.(v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation.(F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated:(i) Corneal scraping with cultures.(ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy.(iii) Mechanical epilation.(iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision.(v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b).(vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression.(vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide.(viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair.(ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph.(x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography.(xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available.(xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa.(xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome.(G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that:(i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies.(ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph.(b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows:(1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise:(A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of:(i) The conjunctiva.(ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome.(iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea.(iv) An infection of the cornea.(B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera.(2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon.(4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section:(A) Antiamoebics.(B) Antineoplastics.(C) Coagulation modulators.(D) Hormone modulators.(E) Immunomodulators.(5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a):(A) A laboratory test or imaging study.(B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6).(6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical.(7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age.(B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days.(C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications.(c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements:(1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution.(2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program.(3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board.(4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008.(d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements:(1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training.(2) Is certified in basic life support.(3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health.(4) Applies for an immunization certificate in accordance with Section 3041.5.(e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge.(f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth.(g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply:(1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents.(2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats.(3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease.(4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code.(5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease.(6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present. |
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| 352 | 364 | | |
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| 353 | 365 | | |
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| 354 | 366 | | |
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| 355 | 367 | | 3041. (a) The practice of optometry includes the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of disorders and dysfunctions of the visual system, as authorized by this chapter, as well as the provision of habilitative or rehabilitative optometric services, and is the doing of any or all of the following: |
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| 356 | 368 | | |
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| 357 | 369 | | (1) The examination of the human eyes and their adnexa, including through the use of all topical and oral diagnostic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances, and the analysis of the human vision system, either subjectively or objectively. |
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| 358 | 370 | | |
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| 359 | 371 | | (2) The determination of the powers or range of human vision and the accommodative and refractive states of the human eyes, including the scope of their functions and general condition. |
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| 360 | 372 | | |
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| 361 | 373 | | (3) The prescribing, using, or directing the use of any optical device in connection with ocular exercises, visual training, vision training, or orthoptics. |
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| 362 | 374 | | |
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| 363 | 375 | | (4) The prescribing, fitting, or adaptation of contact and spectacle lenses to, the human eyes, including lenses that may be classified as drugs or devices by any law of the United States or of this state, and diagnostic or therapeutic contact lenses that incorporate a medication or therapy the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide. |
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| 364 | 376 | | |
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| 365 | 377 | | (5) For an optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3, diagnosing and preventing conditions and diseases of the human eyes and their adnexa, and treating nonmalignant conditions and diseases of the anterior segment of the human eyes and their adnexa, including ametropia and presbyopia: |
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| 366 | 378 | | |
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| 367 | 379 | | (A) Using or prescribing, including for rational off-label purposes, topical and oral prescription and nonprescription therapeutic pharmaceutical agents that are not controlled substances and are not antiglaucoma agents or limited or excluded by subdivision (b). For purposes of this section, controlled substance has the same meaning as used in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.). |
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| 368 | 380 | | |
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| 369 | 381 | | (B) Prescribing the oral analgesic controlled substance codeine with compounds, hydrocodone with compounds, and tramadol as listed in the California Uniform Controlled Substances Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 11000) of the Health and Safety Code) and the United States Uniform Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 801 et seq.), limited to three days, with referral to an ophthalmologist if the pain persists. |
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| 370 | 382 | | |
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| 371 | 383 | | (C) If also certified under subdivision (c), using or prescribing topical and oral antiglaucoma agents for the medical treatment of all primary open-angle, exfoliation, pigmentary, and steroid-induced glaucomas in persons 18 years of age or over. In the case of steroid-induced glaucoma, the prescriber of the steroid medication shall be promptly notified if the prescriber did not refer the patient to the optometrist for treatment. |
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| 372 | 384 | | |
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| 373 | 385 | | (D) If also certified under subdivision (d), administration of immunizations for influenza, herpes zoster virus, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 in compliance with individual Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) vaccine recommendations published by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in persons 18 years of age or over. |
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| 374 | 386 | | |
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| 375 | 387 | | (E) Utilizing the following techniques and instrumentation necessary for the diagnosis of conditions and diseases of the eye and adnexa: |
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| 376 | 388 | | |
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| 377 | 389 | | (i) Laboratory tests or examinations ordered from an outside facility. |
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| 378 | 390 | | |
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| 379 | 391 | | (ii) Laboratory tests or examinations performed in an office classified as waived under the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) (42 U.S.C. Sec. 263a; Public Law 100-578), which shall also be allowed for: |
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| 380 | 392 | | |
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| 381 | 393 | | (I) Detecting indicators of possible systemic disease that manifests in the eye for the purpose of facilitating appropriate referral to or consultation with a physician and surgeon. |
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| 382 | 394 | | |
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| 383 | 395 | | (II) Detecting the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus. |
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| 384 | 396 | | |
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| 385 | 397 | | (iii) Skin testing performed in an office to diagnose ocular allergies, limited to the superficial layer of the skin. |
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| 386 | 398 | | |
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| 387 | 399 | | (iv) X-rays ordered from an outside facility. |
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| 388 | 400 | | |
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| 389 | 401 | | (v) Other imaging studies ordered from an outside facility subject to prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon. |
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| 390 | 402 | | |
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| 391 | 403 | | (vi) Other imaging studies performed in an office, including those that utilize laser or ultrasound technology, but excluding those that utilize radiation. |
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| 392 | 404 | | |
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| 393 | 405 | | (F) Performing the following procedures, which are excluded from restrictions imposed on the performance of surgery by paragraph (6) of subdivision (b), unless explicitly indicated: |
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| 394 | 406 | | |
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| 395 | 407 | | (i) Corneal scraping with cultures. |
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| 396 | 408 | | |
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| 397 | 409 | | (ii) Debridement of corneal epithelium not associated with band keratopathy. |
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| 398 | 410 | | |
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| 399 | 411 | | (iii) Mechanical epilation. |
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| 400 | 412 | | |
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| 401 | 413 | | (iv) Collection of blood by skin puncture or venipuncture for laboratory testing authorized by this subdivision. |
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| 402 | 414 | | |
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| 403 | 415 | | (v) Suture removal subject to comanagement requirements in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b). |
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| 404 | 416 | | |
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| 405 | 417 | | (vi) Treatment or removal of sebaceous cysts by expression. |
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| 406 | 418 | | |
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| 407 | 419 | | (vii) Lacrimal punctal occlusion using plugs, or placement of a stent or similar device in a lacrimal canaliculus intended to deliver a medication the optometrist is certified to prescribe or provide. |
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| 408 | 420 | | |
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| 409 | 421 | | (viii) Foreign body and staining removal from the cornea, eyelid, and conjunctiva with any appropriate instrument. Removal of corneal foreign bodies and any related stain shall, as relevant, be limited to that which is nonperforating, no deeper than the midstroma, and not reasonably anticipated to require surgical repair. |
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| 410 | 422 | | |
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| 411 | 423 | | (ix) Lacrimal irrigation and dilation in patients 12 years of age or over, excluding probing of the nasolacrimal tract. The board shall certify any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry before May 1, 2000, to perform this procedure after submitting proof of satisfactory completion of 10 procedures under the supervision of an ophthalmologist as confirmed by the ophthalmologist. Any optometrist who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2000, shall be exempt from the certification requirement contained in this paragraph. |
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| 412 | 424 | | |
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| 413 | 425 | | (x) Administration of oral fluorescein for the purpose of ocular angiography. |
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| 414 | 426 | | |
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| 415 | 427 | | (xi) Intravenous injection for the purpose of performing ocular angiography at the direction of an ophthalmologist as part of an active treatment plan in a setting where a physician and surgeon is immediately available. |
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| 416 | 428 | | |
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| 417 | 429 | | (xii) Use of noninvasive devices delivering intense pulsed light therapy or low-level light therapy that do not rely on laser technology, limited to treatment of conditions and diseases of the adnexa. |
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| 418 | 430 | | |
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| 419 | 431 | | (xiii) Use of an intranasal stimulator in conjunction with treatment of dry eye syndrome. |
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| 420 | 432 | | |
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| 421 | 433 | | (G) Using additional noninvasive medical devices or technology that: |
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| 422 | 434 | | |
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| 423 | 435 | | (i) Have received a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for the diagnosis or treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. A licensee shall successfully complete any clinical training imposed by a related manufacturer prior to using any of those noninvasive medical devices or technologies. |
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| 424 | 436 | | |
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| 425 | 437 | | (ii) Have been approved by the board through regulation for the rational treatment of a condition or disease authorized by this chapter. Any regulation under this paragraph shall require a licensee to successfully complete an appropriate amount of clinical training to qualify to use each noninvasive medical device or technology approved by the board pursuant to this paragraph. |
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| 426 | 438 | | |
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| 427 | 439 | | (b) Exceptions or limitations to the provisions of subdivision (a) are as follows: |
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| 428 | 440 | | |
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| 429 | 441 | | (1) Treatment of the following is excluded from the practice of optometry in a patient under 18 years of age, unless explicitly allowed otherwise: |
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| 430 | 442 | | |
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| 431 | 443 | | (A) Anterior segment inflammation, which shall not exclude treatment of: |
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| 432 | 444 | | |
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| 433 | 445 | | (i) The conjunctiva. |
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| 434 | 446 | | |
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| 435 | 447 | | (ii) Nonmalignant ocular surface disease, including dry eye syndrome. |
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| 436 | 448 | | |
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| 437 | 449 | | (iii) Contact lens-related inflammation of the cornea. |
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| 438 | 450 | | |
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| 439 | 451 | | (iv) An infection of the cornea. |
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| 440 | 452 | | |
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| 441 | 453 | | (B) Conditions or diseases of the sclera. |
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| 442 | 454 | | |
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| 443 | 455 | | (2) Use of any oral prescription steroid anti-inflammatory medication for a patient under 18 years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, timely consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon. |
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| 444 | 456 | | |
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| 445 | 457 | | (3) Use of any nonantibiotic oral prescription medication for a patient under five years of age shall be done pursuant to a documented, prior consultation with an appropriate physician and surgeon. |
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| 446 | 458 | | |
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| 447 | 459 | | (4) The following classes of agents are excluded from the practice of optometry unless they have an explicit United States Food and Drug Administration-approved indication for treatment of a condition or disease authorized under this section: |
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| 448 | 460 | | |
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| 449 | 461 | | (A) Antiamoebics. |
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| 450 | 462 | | |
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| 451 | 463 | | (B) Antineoplastics. |
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| 452 | 464 | | |
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| 453 | 465 | | (C) Coagulation modulators. |
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| 454 | 466 | | |
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| 455 | 467 | | (D) Hormone modulators. |
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| 456 | 468 | | |
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| 457 | 469 | | (E) Immunomodulators. |
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| 458 | 470 | | |
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| 459 | 471 | | (5) The following are excluded from authorization under subparagraph (G) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a): |
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| 460 | 472 | | |
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| 461 | 473 | | (A) A laboratory test or imaging study. |
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| 462 | 474 | | |
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| 463 | 475 | | (B) Any noninvasive device or technology that constitutes surgery under paragraph (6). |
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| 464 | 476 | | |
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| 465 | 477 | | (6) Performing surgery is excluded from the practice of optometry. Surgery means any act in which human tissue is cut, altered, or otherwise infiltrated by any means. It does not mean an act that solely involves the administration or prescribing of a topical or oral therapeutic pharmaceutical. |
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| 466 | 478 | | |
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| 467 | 479 | | (7) (A) Treatment with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a) related to an ocular surgery shall be comanaged with the ophthalmologist that performed the surgery, or another ophthalmologist designated by that surgeon, during the customary preoperative and postoperative period for the procedure. For purposes of this subparagraph, this may involve treatment of ocular inflammation in a patient under 18 years of age. |
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| 468 | 480 | | |
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| 469 | 481 | | (B) Where published, the postoperative period shall be the global period established by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or, if not published, a reasonable period not to exceed 90 days. |
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| 470 | 482 | | |
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| 471 | 483 | | (C) Such comanaged treatment may include addressing agreed-upon complications of the surgical procedure occurring in any ocular or adnexal structure with topical and oral medications authorized in subdivision (a). For patients under 18 years of age, this subparagraph shall not apply unless the patients primary care provider agrees to allowing comanagement of complications. |
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| 472 | 484 | | |
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| 473 | 485 | | (c) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to medically treat authorized glaucomas under this chapter after meeting the following requirements: |
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| 474 | 486 | | |
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| 475 | 487 | | (1) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or after May 1, 2008, submission of proof of graduation from that institution. |
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| 476 | 488 | | |
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| 477 | 489 | | (2) For licensees who were certified to treat glaucoma under this section prior to January 1, 2009, submission of proof of completion of that certification program. |
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| 478 | 490 | | |
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| 479 | 491 | | (3) For licensees who completed a didactic course of not less than 24 hours in the diagnosis, pharmacological, and other treatment and management of glaucoma, submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the case management requirements for certification established by the board. |
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| 480 | 492 | | |
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| 481 | 493 | | (4) For licensees who graduated from an accredited school of optometry on or before May 1, 2008, and who are not described in paragraph (2) or (3), submission of proof of satisfactory completion of the requirements for certification established by the board under Chapter 352 of the Statutes of 2008. |
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| 482 | 494 | | |
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| 483 | 495 | | (d) An optometrist certified pursuant to Section 3041.3 shall be certified to administer authorized immunizations, as described in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), after the optometrist meets all of the following requirements: |
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| 484 | 496 | | |
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| 485 | 497 | | (1) Completes an immunization training program endorsed by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education that, at a minimum, includes hands-on injection technique, clinical evaluation of indications and contraindications of vaccines, and the recognition and treatment of emergency reactions to vaccines, and maintains that training. |
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| 486 | 498 | | |
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| 487 | 499 | | (2) Is certified in basic life support. |
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| 488 | 500 | | |
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| 489 | 501 | | (3) Complies with all state and federal recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including providing documentation to the patients primary care provided and entering information in the appropriate immunization registry designated by the immunization branch of the State Department of Public Health. |
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| 490 | 502 | | |
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| 491 | 503 | | (4) Applies for an immunization certificate in accordance with Section 3041.5. |
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| 492 | 504 | | |
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| 493 | 505 | | (e) Other than for prescription ophthalmic devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 2541, any dispensing of a therapeutic pharmaceutical agent by an optometrist shall be without charge. |
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| 494 | 506 | | |
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| 495 | 507 | | (f) An optometrist licensed under this chapter is subject to the provisions of Section 2290.5 for purposes of practicing telehealth. |
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| 496 | 508 | | |
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| 497 | 509 | | (g) For the purposes of this chapter, all of the following definitions shall apply: |
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| 498 | 510 | | |
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| 499 | 511 | | (1) Adnexa means the eyelids and muscles within the eyelids, the lacrimal system, and the skin extending from the eyebrows inferiorly, bounded by the medial, lateral, and inferior orbital rims, excluding the intraorbital extraocular muscles and orbital contents. |
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| 500 | 512 | | |
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| 501 | 513 | | (2) Anterior segment means the portion of the eye anterior to the vitreous humor, including its overlying soft tissue coats. |
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| 502 | 514 | | |
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| 503 | 515 | | (3) Ophthalmologist means a physician and surgeon, licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, specializing in treating eye disease. |
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| 504 | 516 | | |
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| 505 | 517 | | (4) Physician and surgeon means a physician and surgeon licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2000) of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code. |
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| 506 | 518 | | |
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| 507 | 519 | | (5) Prevention means use or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology for the purpose of inhibiting the development of an authorized condition or disease. |
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| 508 | 520 | | |
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| 509 | 521 | | (6) Treatment means use of or prescription of an agent or noninvasive device or technology to alter the course of an authorized condition or disease once it is present. |
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| 510 | 522 | | |
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| 511 | 523 | | SEC. 4. No reimbursement is required by this act pursuant to Section 6 of Article XIIIB of the California Constitution because the only costs that may be incurred by a local agency or school district will be incurred because this act creates a new crime or infraction, eliminates a crime or infraction, or changes the penalty for a crime or infraction, within the meaning of Section 17556 of the Government Code, or changes the definition of a crime within the meaning of Section 6 of Article XIIIB of the California Constitution. |
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| 512 | 524 | | |
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| 513 | 525 | | SEC. 4. No reimbursement is required by this act pursuant to Section 6 of Article XIIIB of the California Constitution because the only costs that may be incurred by a local agency or school district will be incurred because this act creates a new crime or infraction, eliminates a crime or infraction, or changes the penalty for a crime or infraction, within the meaning of Section 17556 of the Government Code, or changes the definition of a crime within the meaning of Section 6 of Article XIIIB of the California Constitution. |
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| 514 | 526 | | |
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| 515 | 527 | | SEC. 4. No reimbursement is required by this act pursuant to Section 6 of Article XIIIB of the California Constitution because the only costs that may be incurred by a local agency or school district will be incurred because this act creates a new crime or infraction, eliminates a crime or infraction, or changes the penalty for a crime or infraction, within the meaning of Section 17556 of the Government Code, or changes the definition of a crime within the meaning of Section 6 of Article XIIIB of the California Constitution. |
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| 516 | 528 | | |
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| 517 | 529 | | ### SEC. 4. |
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| 518 | 530 | | |
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| 519 | 531 | | SEC. 5. Section 2.1 of this bill incorporates amendments to Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code proposed by both this bill and Assembly Bill 1534. That section of this bill shall only become operative if (1) both bills are enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2022, (2) each bill amends Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code, and (3) this bill is enacted after Assembly Bill 1534, in which case Section 2 of this bill shall not become operative. |
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| 520 | 532 | | |
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| 521 | 533 | | SEC. 5. Section 2.1 of this bill incorporates amendments to Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code proposed by both this bill and Assembly Bill 1534. That section of this bill shall only become operative if (1) both bills are enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2022, (2) each bill amends Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code, and (3) this bill is enacted after Assembly Bill 1534, in which case Section 2 of this bill shall not become operative. |
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| 522 | 534 | | |
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| 523 | 535 | | SEC. 5. Section 2.1 of this bill incorporates amendments to Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code proposed by both this bill and Assembly Bill 1534. That section of this bill shall only become operative if (1) both bills are enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2022, (2) each bill amends Section 2544 of the Business and Professions Code, and (3) this bill is enacted after Assembly Bill 1534, in which case Section 2 of this bill shall not become operative. |
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| 524 | 536 | | |
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| 525 | 537 | | ### SEC. 5. |
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| 526 | 538 | | |
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| 527 | 539 | | SEC. 6. (a) Section 3.1 of this bill shall become operative only if (1) this bill and Assembly Bill 691 of the 202122 Regular Session are enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2022, and (2) Assembly Bill 691 adds Section 3041.5 to the Business and Professions Code, in which case Section 3 of this bill shall not become operative.(b) Section 3 of this bill shall become operative only if Assembly Bill 691 is not enacted and does not become effective on or before January 1, 2022, in which case Section 3.1 of this bill shall not become operative. |
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| 528 | 540 | | |
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| 529 | 541 | | SEC. 6. (a) Section 3.1 of this bill shall become operative only if (1) this bill and Assembly Bill 691 of the 202122 Regular Session are enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2022, and (2) Assembly Bill 691 adds Section 3041.5 to the Business and Professions Code, in which case Section 3 of this bill shall not become operative.(b) Section 3 of this bill shall become operative only if Assembly Bill 691 is not enacted and does not become effective on or before January 1, 2022, in which case Section 3.1 of this bill shall not become operative. |
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| 530 | 542 | | |
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| 531 | 543 | | SEC. 6. (a) Section 3.1 of this bill shall become operative only if (1) this bill and Assembly Bill 691 of the 202122 Regular Session are enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2022, and (2) Assembly Bill 691 adds Section 3041.5 to the Business and Professions Code, in which case Section 3 of this bill shall not become operative. |
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| 532 | 544 | | |
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| 533 | 545 | | ### SEC. 6. |
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| 534 | 546 | | |
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| 535 | 547 | | (b) Section 3 of this bill shall become operative only if Assembly Bill 691 is not enacted and does not become effective on or before January 1, 2022, in which case Section 3.1 of this bill shall not become operative. |
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