California 2025-2026 Regular Session

California Assembly Bill AB621

Introduced
2/13/25  
Refer
3/3/25  
Refer
3/6/25  
Report Pass
3/20/25  
Refer
3/25/25  
Report Pass
4/8/25  
Refer
4/10/25  
Refer
4/23/25  
Report Pass
5/23/25  
Engrossed
6/2/25  
Refer
6/3/25  
Refer
6/11/25  
Report Pass
7/3/25  
Refer
7/3/25  
Report Pass
7/16/25  
Refer
7/16/25  
Refer
8/18/25  
Report Pass
8/29/25  
Enrolled
9/10/25  

Caption

Deepfake pornography.

Impact

The enactment of AB 621 is expected to amend Section 1708.86 of the Civil Code, reinforcing the legal standing of depicted individuals. This could fundamentally alter the landscape for online content distribution and the responsibilities of technology service providers. By holding them accountable, the bill aims to detour deepfake pornography practices that exploit individuals without consent. The legislation is seen as a progressive step toward enhancing privacy rights in the digital age, where non-consensual use of someone's image can lead to profound emotional and social harm.

Summary

Assembly Bill 621, known as the Deepfake Pornography bill, seeks to provide specific legal protections for individuals depicted in digitized sexually explicit material, particularly to safeguard those who may not have consented to its creation or dissemination. The bill broadens the scope of existing legal recourse by allowing victims, including minors, to pursue civil actions against both the creators and those facilitating the distribution of such material. Under the updated provisions, statutory damages for violations of this nature could range from $1,500 up to $250,000 for malicious actions, a significant increase from prior thresholds, thereby enhancing potential restitution for affected individuals.

Sentiment

Discussion surrounding AB 621 has largely been positive, with advocates emphasizing the necessity of protecting vulnerable individuals, especially minors, from exploitation through deepfakes. Legislative supporters highlight the bill's capacity to act as a deterrent against the burgeoning issue of digital impersonation and unauthorized use of personal images. However, there are concerns from some sectors about the unintended consequences regarding free expression and the potential challenges faced by companies that host user-generated content. The debate reflects a broader conflict between safeguarding privacy rights and maintaining open channels for free speech in an increasingly digital world.

Contention

Noteworthy points of contention revolve around the implications of the bill for internet service providers and technology platforms that host or facilitate user-generated content. Critics argue that the bill could place undue burdens on these entities to monitor and regulate content actively, potentially stifling innovation and limiting user engagement. Furthermore, the bill's definition of 'malicious violation' and the accompanying burdens of proof may open up pathways for extensive litigation, raising fears of an inundation of legal actions stemming from ambiguous interpretations of consent and digitization. Balancing these concerns with the urgent need for enhanced protections remains a critical aspect of ongoing discussions around AB 621.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

CA AB1831

Crimes: child pornography.

CA AB2655

Defending Democracy from Deepfake Deception Act of 2024.

CA SB1381

Crimes: child pornography.

CA SB933

Crimes: child pornography.

CA AB1898

Crimes: child pornography: early release credits.

CA SB1235

Public postsecondary education: Artificial Intelligence and Deepfake Working Group.

CA SB896

Generative Artificial Intelligence Accountability Act.

CA AB2885

Artificial intelligence.

CA AB2839

Elections: deceptive media in advertisements.

CA SB646

Civil law: personal rights: online sex trafficking: sexual photographs.

Similar Bills

CA AB602

Depiction of individual using digital or electronic technology: sexually explicit material: cause of action.

CA SB564

Depiction of individual using digital or electronic technology: sexually explicit material: cause of action.

NC H375

AI/Ban Deceptive Ads

CA AB3080

The Parent’s Accountability and Child Protection Act.

UT SB0057

Sexual Abuse Material Amendments

MS SB2346

Material harmful to minors; provide for liability for any entity that distributes on the internet without age verification.

CA AB392

Pornographic internet websites: consent.

MS HB599

Internet; create civil liability for distribution of child pornography and obscene matter by commercial entities.