First Regular Session
Seventy-fifth General Assembly
STATE OF COLORADO
INTRODUCED
LLS NO. 25-0318.01 Josh Schultz x5486
HOUSE BILL 25-1291
House Committees Senate Committees
Business Affairs & Labor
A BILL FOR AN ACT
C
ONCERNING MEASURES TO INCREAS E PROTECTIONS FOR PERSONS101
ENGAGED WITH TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANIES .102
Bill Summary
(Note: This summary applies to this bill as introduced and does
not reflect any amendments that may be subsequently adopted. If this bill
passes third reading in the house of introduction, a bill summary that
applies to the reengrossed version of this bill will be available at
http://leg.colorado.gov
.)
The bill prohibits a transportation network company (TNC) driver
from driving or offering to drive for more than 10 consecutive hours.
Current law requires that, before an individual is permitted to act
as a driver through the use of a TNC's digital network, the individual shall
obtain a criminal history record check. The bill requires that the TNC
procure a criminal history record check for the individual before the
HOUSE SPONSORSHIP
Willford and Froelich,
SENATE SPONSORSHIP
Winter F. and Danielson, Kipp
Shading denotes HOUSE amendment. Double underlining denotes SENATE amendment.
Capital letters or bold & italic numbers indicate new material to be added to existing law.
Dashes through the words or numbers indicate deletions from existing law. individual is permitted to act as a driver and at least once every 6 months
after the initial criminal history record check. The bill requires that the
criminal history record check be a fingerprint-based criminal history
record check and eliminates the option for the individual to fulfill the
requirement through a privately administered national criminal history
record check.
Before each prearranged ride, a TNC shall verify that a driver
providing the prearranged ride is the same driver authorized by the TNC
to provide the prearranged ride through one of the following methods:
! An in-vehicle dash camera;
! A live self-identification photograph or video;
! Biometric verification by fingerprint or optical scan; or
! Another method that effectively verifies that the driver
providing the prearranged ride is the same driver
authorized by the TNC for that prearranged ride.
If a person files a complaint with the public utilities commission
(commission) against a TNC or a driver, the TNC shall, upon request
from the person filing the complaint, provide the person filing the
complaint all known and available data, photographs, and video related
to the prearranged ride that is the subject of the complaint. After a person
files a complaint against a TNC or a driver, the TNC is required to
respond to a request for information from the person, the commission, a
court, a district attorney, the attorney general, or a law enforcement
agency no later than 24 hours after the request is made.
In addition to enforcement by the commission, the bill authorizes
the attorney general or a person injured or harmed by an alleged violation
of the bill to initiate a civil proceeding in a district court against a TNC
or a driver that violates the bill.
The bill requires a TNC to ensure that each prearranged ride is
continuously audio and video recorded from when the driver picks up the
rider until when the rider departs from the driver's vehicle. A rider or
driver may opt out of the continuous audio and video recording.
The bill requires that, on or before February 1, 2026, and on or
before February 1 each year thereafter, a TNC shall submit specified data
to the commission, the attorney general, the house of representatives
judiciary committee, and the senate judiciary committee.
A provision in a contract between a TNC and a rider is declared
void as against public policy if the provision attempts or purports to
waive specified rights.
The bill requires a TNC to develop policies to:
! Prevent imposter accounts, account sharing, and account
renting;
! Prevent sexual assault, physical assault, and homicide
against or committed by the TNC's drivers; and
! Allow drivers and riders to opt out of continuous audio and
HB25-1291
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The following actions are made a deceptive trade practice in
violation of the "Colorado Consumer Protection Act":
! A violation of the "Transportation Network Company Act";
and
! Altering the rating that a rider assigned a driver on a TNC's
digital network or assigning an automatic or default driver
rating that the rider did not assign.
Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Colorado:1
SECTION 1. Legislative declaration. (1) The general assembly2
finds that:3
(a) Coloradans increasingly rely on a range of transportation4
modes, including transportation network companies, to travel to work,5
school, medical appointments, social gatherings, and more;6
(b) Unlike traditional transportation providers, transportation7
network companies exercise full control over their platforms while8
classifying drivers as independent contractors rather than employees;9
(c) Transportation network companies market their services as10
safe and convenient for vulnerable populations, including children,11
individuals with disabilities, and people seeking a responsible ride home12
after consuming alcohol. However, transportation network company13
drivers and riders have reported incidents of fraud, sexual assault,14
physical assault, and homicide.15
(d) According to the national institutes of health, drivers providing16
transportation network company services have an accident rate and a fatal17
crash incidence rate that is higher than the general population, partly due18
to the increased hours of driving and driver fatigue;19
(e) According to a study conducted by the University of Chicago,20
transportation network companies account for about a 3% annual increase21
HB25-1291-3- in traffic-related fatalities, or roughly 987 people, including pedestrians,1
each year. This increase is due, in part, to the large number of drivers2
needed to provide quick response times.3
(f) Transportation network companies have failed to develop and4
fully implement adequate protections on their own volition, despite5
having direct knowledge of serious safety risks;6
(g) Transportation network companies rely on drivers and third7
parties for background checks, often using easily manipulated8
name-based methods instead of fingerprint-based screening, which is9
required in other safety-critical industries;10
(h) Transportation network companies have not effectively11
prevented the widespread problem of account sharing, where authorized12
drivers give unauthorized individuals access to their profiles, allowing13
unauthorized individuals to bypass security measures. Account sharing14
undermines security and puts riders and the public at risk of harm.15
(i) Transportation network companies have long been aware of the16
systemic problem of sexual assaults committed by their drivers. Internal17
safety reports confirm thousands of reported sexual assaults over multiple18
years, yet transportation network companies have not implemented19
meaningful reforms. The actual number of incidents is likely far higher,20
as studies show that only 30% of sexual assaults are reported, meaning21
thousands more victims may have been harmed. Transportation network22
companies have faced lawsuits from passengers and their own23
shareholders for failing to disclose the extent of the problem.24
(j) Transportation network companies prioritize profits over rider25
safety, rolling back protections despite billions of dollars in revenue. A26
$25 background check is negligible compared to the industry-wide $5227
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(2) Therefore, the general assembly declares that the people of2
Colorado require legislation to ensure that all transportation modes,3
including transportation network companies, are safe, reliable, and just4
and that the people of Colorado have a transportation system that5
prioritizes their safety.6
SECTION 2. In Colorado Revised Statutes, 40-10.1-605, amend7
(1)(e), (3)(a), (3)(b), (3)(c)(I), (3)(c)(II), and (5); and add (3)(c)(V),8
(3)(c)(VI), (3)(c)(VII), (3)(c)(VIII), (4.5), (7)(c), and (7.5) as follows:9
40-10.1-605. Operational requirements - criminal history10
record check - driver verification - civil action - audio and video11
recording - rules. (1) The following requirements apply to the provision12
of services:13
(e) A driver shall not offer or provide transportation network14
company services for more than twelve TEN consecutive hours.15
(3) (a) Before a person is permitted PERMITTING AN INDIVIDUAL16
to act as a driver through use of a transportation network company's17
digital network,
AND AT LEAST ONCE EVERY SIX MONTHS THEREAFTER , the18
person
TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY shall PROCURE19
(I) Obtain a FINGERPRINT-BASED criminal history record check20
FOR THE INDIVIDUAL pursuant to the procedures set forth in section21
40-10.1-110, as supplemented by the commission's rules promulgated22
ADOPTED under section 40-10.1-110. or through a privately administered23
national criminal history record check, including the national sex offender24
database; and25
(II) If a privately administered national criminal history record26
check is used, provide a copy of the criminal history record check to the27
HB25-1291
-5- transportation network company.1
(b) A driver shall obtain a criminal history record check in2
accordance with subparagraph (I) of paragraph (a) of this subsection (3)3
every five years while serving as a driver SUBMIT TO A4
FINGERPRINT-BASED CRIMINAL HISTORY RECORD CHECK AS REQUIRED BY5
A TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY TO COMPLY WITH SUBSECTION6
(3)(a)
OF THIS SECTION.7
(c) (I) A person
AN INDIVIDUAL who has been convicted of or pled8
guilty or nolo contendere to driving under the influence of drugs or9
alcohol in the previous seven years before applying to become a driver10
shall not serve as a driver. If the criminal history record check11
PERFORMED PURSUANT TO SUBSECTION (3)(a) OF THIS SECTION reveals that12
the person
INDIVIDUAL has ever been convicted of or pled guilty or nolo13
contendere to any of the following felony offenses, the person14
INDIVIDUAL shall not serve as a driver:15
(A) An offense involving fraud, as described in article 5 of title16
18; C.R.S.;17
(B) An offense involving unlawful sexual behavior, as defined in18
section 16-22-102 (9); C.R.S.;19
(C) An offense against property, as described in article 4 of title20
18; C.R.S.; or21
(D) A crime of violence, as described in section 18-1.3-406;22
C.R.S.23
(E) A
N OFFENSE INVOLVING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE , AS DEFINED IN24
SECTION 18-6-800.3 (1);25
(F) A
N OFFENSE INVOLVING STALKING, AS DESCRIBED IN SECTION26
18-3-602;
OR27
HB25-1291
-6- (G) AN OFFENSE INVOLVING HARASSMENT , AS DESCRIBED IN1
SECTION 18-9-111.2
(II) A person AN INDIVIDUAL who has been convicted of OR PLED3
GUILTY OR NOLO CONTENDERE TO a comparable offense to the offenses4
listed in subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (c) SUBSECTION (3)(c)(I) OF5
THIS SECTION in another state or in the United States shall not serve as a6
driver.7
(V) A
DRIVER WHO HAS BEEN CONVICTED OF OR PLED GUILTY OR8
NOLO CONTENDERE TO AN OFFENSE LISTED IN SUBSECTION (3)(c)(I) OF9
THIS SECTION SHALL NOTIFY THE TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY10
WITHIN FORTY-EIGHT HOURS AFTER THE INDIVIDUAL'S CONVICTION WAS11
PRONOUNCED OR PLEA WAS ENTERED .12
(VI) A
N INDIVIDUAL WHO HAS BEEN CONVICTED OF OR PLED13
GUILTY OR NOLO CONTENDERE TO DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF14
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL AFTER THE INITIAL FINGERPRINT -BASED CRIMINAL15
HISTORY RECORD CHECK PERFORMED PURSUANT TO SUBSECTION (3)(a) OF16
THIS SECTION SHALL NOT SERVE AS A DRIVER FOR SEVEN YEARS AFTER THE17
CONVICTION WAS PRONOUNCED OR THE PLEA WAS ENTERED .18
(VII) A
N INDIVIDUAL WHO HAS BEEN DISQUALIFIED OR REMOVED19
FROM DRIVING FOR A TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY , A COMMON20
CARRIER, OR OTHER TRANSPORTATION SERVICE REGULATED UNDER THIS21
TITLE 40 IN THIS STATE OR ANY OTHER STATE SHALL NOT SERVE AS A22
DRIVER.23
(VIII) A
N INDIVIDUAL WHO HAS AN AUTHORIZED PROFILE TO24
DRIVE FOR A TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY AND WHO ALLOWS25
ANOTHER INDIVIDUAL TO DRIVE FOR THE TRANSPORTATION NETWORK26
COMPANY UNDER THE AUTHORIZED PROFILE OR WHO HAS USED ANOTHER27
HB25-1291
-7- INDIVIDUAL'S AUTHORIZED PROFILE TO ACCEPT A PREARRANGED RIDE FOR1
A TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY SHALL NOT SERVE AS A DRIVER .2
(4.5) A
FTER A DRIVER ACCEPTS A PREARRANGED RIDE THROUGH3
A DIGITAL NETWORK, BUT BEFORE THE DRIVER PICKS UP THE RIDER , A4
TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY SHALL VERIFY THAT THE DRIVER5
PROVIDING THE PREARRANGED RIDE IS THE SAME DRIVER AUTHORIZED BY6
THE TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY TO PROVIDE THE7
PREARRANGED RIDE THROUGH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING METHODS :8
(a) A
N IN-VEHICLE DASH CAMERA;9
(b) A
LIVE SELF-IDENTIFICATION PHOTOGRAPH OR VIDEO ;10
(c) B
IOMETRIC VERIFICATION BY FINGERPRINT OR OPTICAL SCAN ;11
OR12
(d) A
NOTHER METHOD THAT VERIFIES THAT THE DRIVER13
PROVIDING THE PREARRANGED RIDE IS THE SAME DRIVER AUTHORIZED BY14
THE TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY FOR THAT PREARRANGED RIDE .15
(5) (a) If any
A person files a complaint with the commission16
against a transportation network company or driver, the commission may17
inspect the transportation network company's records as reasonably18
necessary to investigate and resolve the complaint.19
(b) I
F A PERSON FILES A COMPLAINT AS DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION20
(5)(a)
OF THIS SECTION, A TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY SHALL21
RESPOND TO A REQUEST FOR INFORMATION RELATED TO THE COMPLAINT22
FROM A COURT, A DISTRICT ATTORNEY, THE ATTORNEY GENERAL , THE23
COMMISSION, OR A LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY NO LATER THAN24
TWENTY-FOUR HOURS AFTER THE REQUEST IS MADE .25
(c) I
F A PERSON FILES A COMPLAINT WITH THE COMMISSION26
AGAINST A TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY OR DRIVER , THE27
HB25-1291
-8- TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY SHALL , UPON REQUEST FROM THE1
PERSON FILING THE COMPLAINT , PROVIDE TO THE PERSON FILING THE2
COMPLAINT ALL KNOWN AND AVAILABLE DATA , PHOTOGRAPHS, AUDIO,3
AND VIDEO RELATED TO THE PREARRANGED RIDE THAT IS THE SUBJECT OF4
THE COMPLAINT.5
(7) (c) (I) T
HE ATTORNEY GENERAL OR A PERSON INJURED OR6
HARMED BY AN ALLEGED VIOLATION OF THIS SECTION MAY INITIATE A7
CIVIL PROCEEDING IN A DISTRICT COURT AGAINST A TRANSPORTATION8
NETWORK COMPANY OR A DRIVER THAT VIOLATES THIS SECTION .9
(II) A
VIOLATION OF THIS SECTION BY A TRANSPORTATION10
NETWORK COMPANY THAT RESULTS IN INJURY OR DEATH TO AN11
INDIVIDUAL HAS A SIGNIFICANT PUBLIC IMPACT.12
(7.5) U
NLESS A RIDER OR DRIVER OPTS OUT THROUGH THE POLICY13
AND PROCEDURE CREATED BY A TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY14
PURSUANT TO SECTION 40-10.1-610 (2)(a)(III) OR (2)(a)(IV), A15
TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY SHALL ENSURE THAT EACH16
PREARRANGED RIDE IS CONTINUOUSLY AUDIO AND VIDEO RECORDED FROM17
WHEN THE DRIVER PICKS UP THE RIDER IN A PERSONAL VEHICLE UNTIL18
WHEN THE RIDER DEPARTS FROM THE PERSONAL VEHICLE .19
SECTION 3. In Colorado Revised Statutes, 40-10.1-609, add (3)20
as follows:21
40-10.1-609. Reporting requirements - report - rules. (3) O
N22
OR BEFORE FEBRUARY 1, 2026, AND ON OR BEFORE FEBRUARY 1 EACH23
YEAR THEREAFTER, A TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY OPERATING24
IN THE STATE SHALL SUBMIT A REPORT THAT INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING25
DATA TO THE COMMISSION, THE ATTORNEY GENERAL, AND THE JUDICIARY26
COMMITTEES OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AND THE SENATE , OR27
HB25-1291
-9- THEIR SUCCESSOR COMMITTEES :1
(a) T
HE NUMBER OF REPORTED SAFETY INCIDENTS INVOLVING A2
DRIVER WHO PROVIDED SERVICES FOR THE TRANSPORTATION NETWORK3
COMPANY IN THE PRECEDING CALENDAR YEAR , INCLUDING THE NUMBER4
OF REPORTED INSTANCES OF:5
(I) P
HYSICAL ASSAULT;6
(II) S
EXUAL ASSAULT;7
(III) V
ERBAL ASSAULT;8
(IV) S
TALKING;9
(V) H
ARASSMENT;10
(VI) T
HEFT;11
(VII) A
MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENT, INCLUDING AN INDICATION OF12
WHETHER THE DRIVER WAS AT FAULT OR THE DRIVER WAS NOT AT FAULT ;13
AND14
(VIII) H
OMICIDE; AND15
(b) T
HE NUMBER OF REPORTED INCIDENTS OF DISCRIMINATORY16
SPEECH OR DISCRIMINATORY CONDUCT INVOLVING A DRIVER WHO17
PROVIDED SERVICES FOR THE TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY .18
SECTION 4. In Colorado Revised Statutes, add 40-10.1-610 as19
follows:20
40-10.1-610. Consumer protection - waiver of rights void -21
biometric data and biometric identifiers. (1) A
PROVISION IN A22
CONTRACT BETWEEN A TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY AND A23
RIDER IS VOID AS AGAINST PUBLIC POLICY IF THE PROVISION ATTEMPTS OR24
PURPORTS TO WAIVE:25
(a) A
RIGHT SPECIFIED IN THIS PART 6;26
(b) A
RIGHT PROVIDED BY THE "COLORADO CONSUMER27
HB25-1291
-10- PROTECTION ACT", ARTICLE 1 OF TITLE 6; OR1
(c) T
HE RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL.2
(2) (a) W
ITHIN THIRTY DAYS AFTER THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS3
SECTION, A TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY SHALL :4
(I) D
EVELOP A POLICY TO PREVENT IMPOSTER ACCOUNTS ,5
ACCOUNT SHARING, AND ACCOUNT RENTING;6
(II) D
EVELOP A POLICY TO PREVENT SEXUAL ASSAULT , PHYSICAL7
ASSAULT, AND HOMICIDE AGAINST OR COMMITTED BY THE8
TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY 'S DRIVERS;9
(III) D
EVELOP A POLICY TO ALLOW A RIDER TO OPT OUT OF10
CONTINUOUS AUDIO AND VIDEO RECORDING DURING A PREARR ANGED RIDE11
CONDUCTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 40-10.1-605 (7.5);12
(IV) D
EVELOP A POLICY TO ALLOW A DRIVER TO OPT OUT OF13
CONTINUOUS AUDIO AND VIDEO RECORDING DURING A PREARRANGED RIDE14
CONDUCTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 40-10.1-605 (7.5);15
(V) P
ROVIDE COPIES OF THE POLICIES CREATED PURSUANT TO THIS16
SUBSECTION (2) TO THE ATTORNEY GENERAL AND TO THE COMMISSION ;17
AND18
(VI) P
ROVIDE COPIES OF THE POLICIES CREATED PURSUANT TO THIS19
SUBSECTION (2) TO EVERY DRIVER WHO PROVIDES SERVICES FOR THE20
TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY .21
(b) W
ITHIN TEN DAYS AFTER AN UPDATE TO A POLICY CREATED22
PURSUANT TO THIS SUBSECTION (2), A TRANSPORTATION NETWORK23
COMPANY SHALL PROVIDE A COPY OF THE UPDATED POLICY TO THE24
ATTORNEY GENERAL , THE COMMISSION, AND EVERY DRIVER WHO25
PROVIDES SERVICES FOR THE TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY .26
(3) I
F A TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY COLLECTS27
HB25-1291
-11- BIOMETRIC DATA OR BIOMETRIC IDENTIFIERS FROM A DRIVER OR RIDER ,1
THE TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY SHALL COMPLY WITH SECTION2
6-1-1314.3
SECTION 5. In Colorado Revised Statutes, 40-10.1-110, amend4
(1)(a) as follows:5
40-10.1-110. Record check - rules. (1) (a) An individual who6
wishes to drive: A taxicab for a motor carrier that is the holder of a7
certificate to provide taxicab service issued under part 2 of this article8
10.1; a motor vehicle for a motor carrier that is the holder of a permit to9
operate as a charter bus, children's activity bus, luxury limousine, or10
off-road scenic charter under part 3 of this article 10.1; or a motor vehicle11
for a motor carrier that is the holder of a permit to operate as a12
large-market taxicab service under part 7 of this article 10.1;
OR A13
PERSONAL VEHICLE TO OFFER SERVICES AS A TRANSPORTATION NETWORK14
COMPANY DRIVER UNDER PART 6 OF THIS ARTICLE 10.1 must have the15
individual's fingerprints taken by a local law enforcement agency or any16
third party approved by the Colorado bureau of investigation for the17
purpose of obtaining a fingerprint-based criminal history record check.18
SECTION 6. In Colorado Revised Statutes, 6-1-105, add (1)(iiii)19
and (1)(jjjj) as follows:20
6-1-105. Unfair or deceptive trade practices - definitions.21
(1) A person engages in a deceptive trade practice when, in the course of22
the person's business, vocation, or occupation, the person:23
(iiii) V
IOLATES PART 6 OF ARTICLE 10.1 OF TITLE 40;24
(jjjj) A
LTERS THE RATING A RIDER ASSIGNED A DRIVER ON A25
TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANY 'S DIGITAL NETWORK, AS THOSE26
TERMS ARE DEFINED IN SECTION 40-10.1-602, OR ASSIGNS AN AUTOMATIC27
HB25-1291
-12- OR DEFAULT DRIVER RATING THAT THE RIDER DID NOT ASSIGN .1
SECTION 7. Applicability. This act applies to offenses2
committed on or after the effective date of this act.3
SECTION 8. Safety clause. The general assembly finds,4
determines, and declares that this act is necessary for the immediate5
preservation of the public peace, health, or safety or for appropriations for6
the support and maintenance of the departments of the state and state7
institutions.8
HB25-1291
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