9 | 17 | | |
---|
10 | 18 | | |
---|
11 | 19 | | |
---|
12 | 20 | | AN ACT CONCERNING TH E UNIFORM COMMERCIAL REAL ESTA TE |
---|
13 | 21 | | RECEIVERSHIP ACT. |
---|
14 | 22 | | Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General |
---|
15 | 23 | | Assembly convened: |
---|
16 | 24 | | |
---|
17 | 25 | | Section 1. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) Sections 1 to 28, 1 |
---|
18 | 26 | | inclusive, of this act, may be cited as the Uniform Commercial Real 2 |
---|
19 | 27 | | Estate Receivership Act. 3 |
---|
20 | 28 | | Sec. 2. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) As used in sections 1 to 28, 4 |
---|
21 | 29 | | inclusive, of this act: 5 |
---|
22 | 30 | | (1) "Affiliate" means: 6 |
---|
23 | 31 | | (A) With respect to an individual: 7 |
---|
24 | 32 | | (i) A companion of the individual; 8 |
---|
25 | 33 | | (ii) A lineal ancestor or descendant, whether by blood or adoption, 9 |
---|
26 | 34 | | of (I) the individual; or (II) a companion of the individual; 10 |
---|
28 | 41 | | subparagraph (A)(ii) of this subdivision; 12 |
---|
29 | 42 | | (iv) A sibling, aunt, uncle, great aunt, great uncle, first cousin, niece, 13 |
---|
30 | 43 | | nephew, grandniece or grandnephew of the individual, whether 14 |
---|
31 | 44 | | related by the whole or the half blood or adoption, or a companion of 15 |
---|
39 | 46 | | (v) Any other individual occupying the residence of the individual; 17 |
---|
40 | 47 | | and 18 |
---|
41 | 48 | | (B) With respect to a person other than an individual: 19 |
---|
42 | 49 | | (i) Another person that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled 20 |
---|
43 | 50 | | by, or is under common control with the person; 21 |
---|
44 | 51 | | (ii) An officer, director, manager, member, partner, employee or 22 |
---|
45 | 52 | | trustee or other fiduciary of the person; or 23 |
---|
46 | 53 | | (iii) A companion of, or an individual occupying the residence of, an 24 |
---|
47 | 54 | | individual described in subparagraph (B)(i) or (B)(ii) of this 25 |
---|
48 | 55 | | subdivision. 26 |
---|
49 | 56 | | (2) "Companion" means the spouse of an individual. 27 |
---|
50 | 57 | | (3) "Court" means the Superior Court. 28 |
---|
51 | 58 | | (4) "Executory contract" means a contract, including a lease, under 29 |
---|
52 | 59 | | which each party has an unperformed obligation and the failure of a 30 |
---|
53 | 60 | | party to complete performance would constitute a material breach. 31 |
---|
54 | 61 | | (5) "Governmental unit" means an office, department, division, 32 |
---|
55 | 62 | | bureau, board, commission or other agency of this state or a 33 |
---|
56 | 63 | | subdivision of this state. 34 |
---|
57 | 64 | | (6) "Lien" means an interest in property which secures payment or 35 |
---|
58 | 65 | | performance of an obligation. 36 |
---|
59 | 66 | | (7) "Mortgage" means a record, however denominated, that creates 37 |
---|
71 | 77 | | successor in ownership of the real property described in the mortgage. 43 |
---|
72 | 78 | | (10) "Owner" means the person for whose property a receiver is 44 |
---|
73 | 79 | | appointed. 45 |
---|
74 | 80 | | (11) "Person" means an individual, estate, business or nonprofit 46 |
---|
75 | 81 | | entity, public corporation, government or governmental subdivision, 47 |
---|
76 | 82 | | agency, instrumentality or other legal entity. 48 |
---|
77 | 83 | | (12) "Proceeds" means the following property: 49 |
---|
78 | 84 | | (A) Whatever is acquired on the sale, lease, license, exchange or 50 |
---|
79 | 85 | | other disposition of receivership property; 51 |
---|
80 | 86 | | (B) Whatever is collected on, or distributed on account of, 52 |
---|
81 | 87 | | receivership property; 53 |
---|
82 | 88 | | (C) Rights arising out of receivership property; 54 |
---|
83 | 89 | | (D) To the extent of the value of receivership property, claims 55 |
---|
84 | 90 | | arising out of the loss, nonconformity or interference with the use of, 56 |
---|
85 | 91 | | defects or infringement of rights in, or damage to, the property; or 57 |
---|
86 | 92 | | (E) To the extent of the value of receivership property and to the 58 |
---|
87 | 93 | | extent payable to the owner or mortgagee, insurance payable by 59 |
---|
88 | 94 | | reason of the loss or nonconformity of, defects or infringement of 60 |
---|
89 | 95 | | rights in, or damage to, the property. 61 |
---|
90 | 96 | | (13) "Property" means all of a person's right, title and interest, both 62 |
---|
91 | 97 | | legal and equitable, in real and personal property, tangible and 63 |
---|
92 | 98 | | intangible, wherever located and however acquired. "Property" 64 |
---|
93 | 99 | | includes proceeds, products, offspring, rents or profits of or from the 65 |
---|
98 | | - | court order, transfer, sell, lease, license, exchange, collect or otherwise 70 Substitute Bill No. 7271 |
---|
99 | | - | |
---|
100 | | - | |
---|
101 | | - | LCO {\\PRDFS1\HCOUSERS\BARRYJN\WS\2019HB-07271- |
---|
102 | | - | R01-HB.docx } |
---|
103 | | - | 4 of 26 |
---|
104 | | - | |
---|
| 109 | + | court order, transfer, sell, lease, license, exchange, collect or otherwise 70 |
---|
105 | 110 | | dispose of receivership property. 71 |
---|
106 | 111 | | (15) "Receivership" means a proceeding in which a receiver is 72 |
---|
107 | 112 | | appointed. 73 |
---|
108 | 113 | | (16) "Receivership property" means the property of an owner which 74 |
---|
109 | 114 | | is described in the order appointing a receiver or a subsequent order. 75 |
---|
110 | 115 | | "Receivership property" includes any proceeds, products, offspring, 76 |
---|
111 | 116 | | rents or profits of or from the property. 77 |
---|
112 | 117 | | (17) "Record", used as a noun, means information that is inscribed 78 |
---|
113 | 118 | | on a tangible medium or that is stored on an electronic or other 79 |
---|
114 | 119 | | medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. 80 |
---|
115 | 120 | | (18) "Rents" means: 81 |
---|
116 | 121 | | (A) Sums payable for the right to possess or occupy, or for the actual 82 |
---|
117 | 122 | | possession or occupation of, real property of another person; 83 |
---|
118 | 123 | | (B) Sums payable to a mortgagor under a policy of rental-84 |
---|
119 | 124 | | interruption insurance covering real property; 85 |
---|
120 | 125 | | (C) Claims arising out of a default in the payment of sums payable 86 |
---|
121 | 126 | | for the right to possess or occupy real property of another person; 87 |
---|
122 | 127 | | (D) Sums payable to terminate an agreement to possess or occupy 88 |
---|
123 | 128 | | real property of another person; 89 |
---|
124 | 129 | | (E) Sums payable to a mortgagor for payment or reimbursement of 90 |
---|
125 | 130 | | expenses incurred in owning, operating and maintaining real property 91 |
---|
126 | 131 | | or constructing or installing improvements on real property; or 92 |
---|
127 | 132 | | (F) Other sums payable under an agreement relating to the real 93 |
---|
138 | 142 | | (20) "Security agreement" means an agreement that creates or 98 |
---|
139 | 143 | | provides for a lien. 99 |
---|
140 | 144 | | (21) "Sign" means, with present intent to authenticate or adopt a 100 |
---|
141 | 145 | | record: 101 |
---|
142 | 146 | | (A) To execute or adopt a tangible symbol; or 102 |
---|
143 | 147 | | (B) To attach to or logically associate with the record an electronic 103 |
---|
144 | 148 | | sound, symbol or process. 104 |
---|
145 | 149 | | (22) "State" means a state of the United States, the District of 105 |
---|
146 | 150 | | Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands or any 106 |
---|
147 | 151 | | territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United 107 |
---|
148 | 152 | | States. 108 |
---|
149 | 153 | | Sec. 3. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) (a) Except as otherwise 109 |
---|
150 | 154 | | provided in subsection (b) of this section, the court may issue an order 110 |
---|
151 | 155 | | under sections 1 to 28, inclusive, of this act only after notice and an 111 |
---|
152 | 156 | | opportunity for a hearing that the court deems appropriate in the 112 |
---|
153 | 157 | | circumstances. 113 |
---|
154 | 158 | | (b) The court may issue an order under sections 1 to 28, inclusive, of 114 |
---|
155 | 159 | | this act: 115 |
---|
156 | 160 | | (1) Without prior notice if the circumstances require issuance of an 116 |
---|
157 | 161 | | order before notice is given; 117 |
---|
158 | 162 | | (2) After notice and without a prior hearing if the circumstances 118 |
---|
159 | 163 | | require issuance of an order before a hearing is held; or 119 |
---|
160 | 164 | | (3) After notice and without a hearing if no interested party timely 120 |
---|
172 | 175 | | real property. 126 |
---|
173 | 176 | | (b) Sections 1 to 28, inclusive, of this act do not apply to a 127 |
---|
174 | 177 | | receivership for an interest in real property improved by one to four 128 |
---|
175 | 178 | | dwelling units unless: 129 |
---|
176 | 179 | | (1) The interest is used for agricultural, commercial, industrial or 130 |
---|
177 | 180 | | mineral-extraction purposes, other than incidental uses by an owner 131 |
---|
178 | 181 | | occupying the property as the owner's primary residence; 132 |
---|
179 | 182 | | (2) The interest secures an obligation incurred at a time when the 133 |
---|
180 | 183 | | property was used or planned for use for agricultural, commercial, 134 |
---|
181 | 184 | | industrial or mineral-extraction purposes; 135 |
---|
182 | 185 | | (3) The owner planned or is planning to develop the property into 136 |
---|
183 | 186 | | one or more dwelling units to be sold or leased in the ordinary course 137 |
---|
184 | 187 | | of the owner's business; or 138 |
---|
185 | 188 | | (4) The owner is collecting or has the right to collect rents or other 139 |
---|
186 | 189 | | income from the property from a person other than an affiliate of the 140 |
---|
187 | 190 | | owner. 141 |
---|
188 | 191 | | (c) Sections 1 to 28, inclusive, of this act do not apply to a 142 |
---|
189 | 192 | | receivership authorized by the law of this state other than sections 1 to 143 |
---|
190 | 193 | | 28, inclusive, of this act in which the receiver is a governmental unit or 144 |
---|
191 | 194 | | an individual acting in an official capacity on behalf of the 145 |
---|
192 | 195 | | governmental unit. 146 |
---|
193 | 196 | | (d) Sections 1 to 28, inclusive, of this act do not limit the authority of 147 |
---|
194 | 197 | | a court to appoint a receiver under the law of this state other than 148 |
---|
195 | 198 | | sections 1 to 28, inclusive, of this act. 149 |
---|
196 | 199 | | (e) Unless displaced by a particular provision of sections 1 to 28, 150 |
---|
206 | 208 | | receiver under sections 1 to 28, inclusive, of this act has exclusive 154 |
---|
207 | 209 | | jurisdiction to direct the receiver and determine any controversy 155 |
---|
208 | 210 | | related to the receivership or receivership property. 156 |
---|
209 | 211 | | Sec. 6. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) (a) The court may appoint a 157 |
---|
210 | 212 | | receiver: 158 |
---|
211 | 213 | | (1) Before judgment, to protect a party that demonstrates an 159 |
---|
212 | 214 | | apparent right, title or interest in real property that is the subject of the 160 |
---|
213 | 215 | | action, if the property or its revenue-producing potential: 161 |
---|
214 | 216 | | (A) Is being subjected to or is in danger of waste, loss, dissipation or 162 |
---|
215 | 217 | | impairment; or 163 |
---|
216 | 218 | | (B) Has been or is about to be the subject of a voidable transaction; 164 |
---|
217 | 219 | | (2) After judgment: 165 |
---|
218 | 220 | | (A) To carry the judgment into effect; or 166 |
---|
219 | 221 | | (B) To preserve nonexempt real property pending appeal or when 167 |
---|
220 | 222 | | an execution has been returned unsatisfied and the owner refuses to 168 |
---|
221 | 223 | | apply the property in satisfaction of the judgment; or 169 |
---|
222 | 224 | | (3) In an action in which a receiver for real property may be 170 |
---|
223 | 225 | | appointed on equitable grounds. 171 |
---|
224 | 226 | | (b) In connection with the foreclosure or other enforcement of a 172 |
---|
225 | 227 | | mortgage, a mortgagee is entitled to appointment of a receiver for the 173 |
---|
226 | 228 | | mortgaged property if: 174 |
---|
227 | 229 | | (1) Appointment is necessary to protect the property from waste, 175 |
---|
228 | 230 | | loss, transfer, dissipation or impairment; 176 |
---|
229 | 231 | | (2) The mortgagor agreed in a signed record to appointment of a 177 |
---|
238 | 239 | | appointment of a receiver; 180 |
---|
239 | 240 | | (4) The property and any other collateral held by the mortgagee are 181 |
---|
240 | 241 | | not sufficient to satisfy the secured obligation; 182 |
---|
241 | 242 | | (5) The owner fails to turn over to the mortgagee proceeds or rents 183 |
---|
242 | 243 | | the mortgagee was entitled to collect; or 184 |
---|
243 | 244 | | (6) The holder of a subordinate lien obtains appointment of a 185 |
---|
244 | 245 | | receiver for the property. 186 |
---|
245 | 246 | | (c) The court may condition appointment of a receiver without prior 187 |
---|
246 | 247 | | notice under subdivision (1) of subsection (b) of section 3 of this act or 188 |
---|
247 | 248 | | without a prior hearing under subdivision (2) of subsection (b) of 189 |
---|
248 | 249 | | section 3 of this act on the giving of security by the person seeking the 190 |
---|
249 | 250 | | appointment for the payment of damages, reasonable attorneys' fees 191 |
---|
250 | 251 | | and costs incurred or suffered by any person if the court later 192 |
---|
251 | 252 | | concludes that the appointment was not justified. If the court later 193 |
---|
252 | 253 | | concludes that the appointment was justified, the court shall release 194 |
---|
253 | 254 | | the security. 195 |
---|
254 | 255 | | Sec. 7. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) (a) The court may not 196 |
---|
255 | 256 | | appoint a person as receiver unless the person submits to the court a 197 |
---|
256 | 257 | | statement under penalty of perjury that the person is not disqualified. 198 |
---|
257 | 258 | | (b) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c) of this section, a 199 |
---|
258 | 259 | | person is disqualified from appointment as receiver if the person: 200 |
---|
259 | 260 | | (1) Is an affiliate of a party; 201 |
---|
260 | 261 | | (2) Has an interest materially adverse to an interest of a party; 202 |
---|
261 | 262 | | (3) Has a material financial interest in the outcome of the action, 203 |
---|
262 | 263 | | other than compensation the court may allow the receiver; 204 |
---|
263 | 264 | | (4) Has a debtor-creditor relationship with a party; or 205 |
---|
281 | 281 | | subdivision (29) of subsection (a) of section 42a-9-102 of the general 217 |
---|
282 | 282 | | statutes. 218 |
---|
283 | 283 | | (d) A person seeking appointment of a receiver may nominate a 219 |
---|
284 | 284 | | person to serve as receiver, but the court is not bound by the 220 |
---|
285 | 285 | | nomination. 221 |
---|
286 | 286 | | Sec. 8. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) (a) Except as otherwise 222 |
---|
287 | 287 | | provided in subsection (b) of this section, a receiver shall post with the 223 |
---|
288 | 288 | | court a bond that: 224 |
---|
289 | 289 | | (1) Is conditioned on the faithful discharge of the receiver's duties; 225 |
---|
290 | 290 | | (2) Has one or more sureties approved by the court; 226 |
---|
291 | 291 | | (3) Is in an amount the court specifies; and 227 |
---|
292 | 292 | | (4) Is effective as of the date of the receiver's appointment. 228 |
---|
293 | 293 | | (b) The court may approve the posting by a receiver with the court 229 |
---|
294 | 294 | | of alternative security such as a letter of credit or deposit of funds. The 230 |
---|
295 | 295 | | receiver may not use receivership property as alternative security. 231 |
---|
296 | 296 | | Interest that accrues on deposited funds must be paid to the receiver 232 |
---|
303 | 302 | | |
---|
304 | 303 | | (c) The court may authorize a receiver to act before the receiver 234 |
---|
305 | 304 | | posts the bond or alternative security required by this section. 235 |
---|
306 | 305 | | (d) A claim against a receiver's bond or alternative security must be 236 |
---|
307 | 306 | | made not later than one year after the date the receiver is discharged. 237 |
---|
308 | 307 | | Sec. 9. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) On appointment of a 238 |
---|
309 | 308 | | receiver, the receiver has the status of a lien creditor under: 239 |
---|
310 | 309 | | (1) Article 9 of title 42a of the general statutes as to receivership 240 |
---|
311 | 310 | | property that is personal property or fixtures; and 241 |
---|
312 | 311 | | (2) Any provision of the general statutes that provides for filing on 242 |
---|
313 | 312 | | the land records of a town a certificate as to receivership property that 243 |
---|
314 | 313 | | is real property. 244 |
---|
315 | 314 | | Sec. 10. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) Except as otherwise 245 |
---|
316 | 315 | | provided by the law of this state other than sections 1 to 28, inclusive, 246 |
---|
317 | 316 | | of this act, property that a receiver or owner acquires after 247 |
---|
318 | 317 | | appointment of the receiver is subject to a security agreement entered 248 |
---|
319 | 318 | | into before the appointment to the same extent as if the court had not 249 |
---|
320 | 319 | | appointed the receiver. 250 |
---|
321 | 320 | | Sec. 11. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) (a) Unless the court orders 251 |
---|
322 | 321 | | otherwise, on demand by a receiver: 252 |
---|
323 | 322 | | (1) A person that owes a debt that is receivership property and is 253 |
---|
324 | 323 | | matured or payable on demand or on order shall pay the debt to or on 254 |
---|
325 | 324 | | the order of the receiver, except to the extent the debt is subject to 255 |
---|
326 | 325 | | setoff or recoupment; and 256 |
---|
327 | 326 | | (2) Subject to subsection (c) of this section, a person that has 257 |
---|
328 | 327 | | possession, custody or control of receivership property shall turn the 258 |
---|
329 | 328 | | property over to the receiver. 259 |
---|
330 | 329 | | (b) A person that has notice of the appointment of a receiver and 260 |
---|
339 | 337 | | (c) If a creditor has possession, custody or control of receivership 263 |
---|
340 | 338 | | property and the validity, perfection or priority of the creditor's lien on 264 |
---|
341 | 339 | | the property depends on the creditor's possession, custody or control, 265 |
---|
342 | 340 | | the creditor may retain possession, custody or control until the court 266 |
---|
343 | 341 | | orders adequate protection of the creditor's lien. 267 |
---|
344 | 342 | | (d) Unless a bona fide dispute exists about a receiver's right to 268 |
---|
345 | 343 | | possession, custody or control of receivership property, the court may 269 |
---|
346 | 344 | | sanction as civil contempt a person's failure to turn the property over 270 |
---|
347 | 345 | | when required by this section. 271 |
---|
348 | 346 | | Sec. 12. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) (a) Except as limited by 272 |
---|
349 | 347 | | court order or law of this state other than sections 1 to 28, inclusive, of 273 |
---|
350 | 348 | | this act, a receiver may: 274 |
---|
351 | 349 | | (1) Collect, control, manage, conserve and protect receivership 275 |
---|
352 | 350 | | property; 276 |
---|
353 | 351 | | (2) Operate a business constituting receivership property, including 277 |
---|
354 | 352 | | preservation, use, sale, lease, license, exchange, collection or 278 |
---|
355 | 353 | | disposition of the property in the ordinary course of business; 279 |
---|
356 | 354 | | (3) In the ordinary course of business, incur unsecured debt and pay 280 |
---|
357 | 355 | | expenses incidental to the receiver's preservation, use, sale, lease, 281 |
---|
358 | 356 | | license, exchange, collection or disposition of receivership property; 282 |
---|
359 | 357 | | (4) Assert a right, claim, cause of action or defense of the owner 283 |
---|
360 | 358 | | which relates to receivership property; 284 |
---|
361 | 359 | | (5) Seek and obtain instruction from the court concerning 285 |
---|
362 | 360 | | receivership property, exercise of the receiver's powers and 286 |
---|
363 | 361 | | performance of the receiver's duties; 287 |
---|
364 | 362 | | (6) On subpoena, compel a person to submit to examination under 288 |
---|
375 | 372 | | (8) Apply to a court of another state for appointment as ancillary 293 |
---|
376 | 373 | | receiver with respect to receivership property located in that state; and 294 |
---|
377 | 374 | | (9) Exercise any power conferred by court order, sections 1 to 28, 295 |
---|
378 | 375 | | inclusive, of this act or the law of this state other than sections 1 to 28, 296 |
---|
379 | 376 | | inclusive, of this act. 297 |
---|
380 | 377 | | (b) With court approval, a receiver may: 298 |
---|
381 | 378 | | (1) Incur debt for the use or benefit of receivership property other 299 |
---|
382 | 379 | | than in the ordinary course of business; 300 |
---|
383 | 380 | | (2) Make improvements to receivership property; 301 |
---|
384 | 381 | | (3) Use or transfer receivership property other than in the ordinary 302 |
---|
406 | 402 | | sale, lease, license, exchange, collection or other disposition of the 318 |
---|
407 | 403 | | property; 319 |
---|
408 | 404 | | (3) File on the land records of the town where the real property is 320 |
---|
409 | 405 | | located a copy of the order appointing the receiver and, if a legal 321 |
---|
410 | 406 | | description of the real property is not included in the order, the legal 322 |
---|
411 | 407 | | description; 323 |
---|
412 | 408 | | (4) Disclose to the court any fact arising during the receivership 324 |
---|
413 | 409 | | which would disqualify the receiver under section 7 of this act; and 325 |
---|
414 | 410 | | (5) Perform any duty imposed by court order, sections 1 to 28, 326 |
---|
415 | 411 | | inclusive, of this act or the law of this state other than sections 1 to 28, 327 |
---|
416 | 412 | | inclusive, of this act. 328 |
---|
417 | 413 | | (d) The powers and duties of a receiver may be expanded, modified 329 |
---|
418 | 414 | | or limited by court order. 330 |
---|
419 | 415 | | Sec. 13. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) (a) An owner shall: 331 |
---|
420 | 416 | | (1) Assist and cooperate with the receiver in the administration of 332 |
---|
421 | 417 | | the receivership and the discharge of the receiver's duties; 333 |
---|
422 | 418 | | (2) Preserve and turn over to the receiver all receivership property 334 |
---|
423 | 419 | | in the owner's possession, custody or control; 335 |
---|
424 | 420 | | (3) Identify all records and other information relating to the 336 |
---|
425 | 421 | | receivership property, including a password, authorization or other 337 |
---|
426 | 422 | | information needed to obtain or maintain access to or control of the 338 |
---|
427 | 423 | | receivership property, and make available to the receiver the records 339 |
---|
428 | 424 | | and information in the owner's possession, custody or control; 340 |
---|
429 | 425 | | (4) On subpoena, submit to examination under oath by the receiver 341 |
---|
430 | 426 | | concerning the acts, conduct, property, liabilities and financial 342 |
---|
440 | 435 | | inclusive, of this act or the law of this state other than sections 1 to 28, 346 |
---|
441 | 436 | | inclusive, of this act. 347 |
---|
442 | 437 | | (b) If an owner is a person other than an individual, this section 348 |
---|
443 | 438 | | applies to each officer, director, manager, member, partner, trustee or 349 |
---|
444 | 439 | | other person exercising or having the power to exercise control over 350 |
---|
445 | 440 | | the affairs of the owner. 351 |
---|
446 | 441 | | (c) If a person knowingly fails to perform a duty imposed by this 352 |
---|
447 | 442 | | section, the court may: 353 |
---|
448 | 443 | | (1) Award the receiver actual damages caused by the person's 354 |
---|
449 | 444 | | failure, reasonable attorneys' fees and costs; and 355 |
---|
450 | 445 | | (2) Sanction the failure as civil contempt. 356 |
---|
451 | 446 | | Sec. 14. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) (a) Except as otherwise 357 |
---|
452 | 447 | | provided in subsection (d) of this section or ordered by the court, an 358 |
---|
453 | 448 | | order appointing a receiver operates as a stay, applicable to all 359 |
---|
454 | 449 | | persons, of an act, action or proceeding: 360 |
---|
455 | 450 | | (1) To obtain possession of, exercise control over or enforce a 361 |
---|
456 | 451 | | judgment against receivership property; and 362 |
---|
457 | 452 | | (2) To enforce a lien against receivership property to the extent the 363 |
---|
458 | 453 | | lien secures a claim against the owner which arose before entry of the 364 |
---|
459 | 454 | | order. 365 |
---|
460 | 455 | | (b) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d) of this section, 366 |
---|
461 | 456 | | the court may enjoin an act, action or proceeding against or relating to 367 |
---|
462 | 457 | | receivership property if the injunction is necessary to protect the 368 |
---|
463 | 458 | | property or facilitate administration of the receivership. 369 |
---|
464 | 459 | | (c) A person whose act, action or proceeding is stayed or enjoined 370 |
---|
474 | 468 | | operate as a stay or injunction of: 374 |
---|
475 | 469 | | (1) An act, action or proceeding to foreclose or otherwise enforce a 375 |
---|
476 | 470 | | mortgage by the person seeking appointment of the receiver; 376 |
---|
477 | 471 | | (2) An act, action or proceeding to perfect, or maintain or continue 377 |
---|
478 | 472 | | the perfection of, an interest in receivership property; 378 |
---|
479 | 473 | | (3) Commencement or continuation of a criminal proceeding; 379 |
---|
480 | 474 | | (4) Commencement or continuation of an action or proceeding, or 380 |
---|
481 | 475 | | enforcement of a judgment other than a money judgment in an action 381 |
---|
482 | 476 | | or proceeding, by a governmental unit to enforce its police or 382 |
---|
483 | 477 | | regulatory power; or 383 |
---|
484 | 478 | | (5) Establishment by a governmental unit of a tax liability against 384 |
---|
485 | 479 | | the owner or receivership property or an appeal of the liability. 385 |
---|
486 | 480 | | (e) The court may void an act that violates a stay or injunction under 386 |
---|
487 | 481 | | this section. 387 |
---|
488 | 482 | | (f) If a person knowingly violates a stay or injunction under this 388 |
---|
489 | 483 | | section, the court may: 389 |
---|
490 | 484 | | (1) Award actual damages caused by the violation, reasonable 390 |
---|
491 | 485 | | attorneys' fees and costs; and 391 |
---|
492 | 486 | | (2) Sanction the violation as civil contempt. 392 |
---|
493 | 487 | | Sec. 15. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) (a) With court approval, a 393 |
---|
494 | 488 | | receiver may engage an attorney, accountant, appraiser, auctioneer, 394 |
---|
495 | 489 | | broker or other professional to assist the receiver in performing a duty 395 |
---|
496 | 490 | | or exercising a power of the receiver. The receiver shall disclose to the 396 |
---|
506 | 499 | | (3) Any potential conflict of interest; and 400 |
---|
507 | 500 | | (4) The proposed compensation. 401 |
---|
508 | 501 | | (b) A person is not disqualified from engagement under this section 402 |
---|
509 | 502 | | solely because of the person's engagement by, representation of, or 403 |
---|
510 | 503 | | other relationship with the receiver, a creditor or a party. Sections 1 to 404 |
---|
511 | 504 | | 28, inclusive, of this act do not prevent the receiver from serving in the 405 |
---|
512 | 505 | | receivership as an attorney, accountant, auctioneer or broker when 406 |
---|
513 | 506 | | authorized by law. 407 |
---|
514 | 507 | | (c) A receiver or professional engaged under subsection (a) of this 408 |
---|
515 | 508 | | section shall file with the court an itemized statement of the time spent, 409 |
---|
516 | 509 | | work performed and billing rate of each person that performed the 410 |
---|
517 | 510 | | work and an itemized list of expenses. The receiver shall pay the 411 |
---|
518 | 511 | | amount approved by the court. 412 |
---|
519 | 512 | | Sec. 16. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) (a) In this section, "good 413 |
---|
520 | 513 | | faith" means honesty in fact and the observance of reasonable 414 |
---|
521 | 514 | | commercial standards of fair dealing. 415 |
---|
522 | 515 | | (b) With court approval, a receiver may use receivership property 416 |
---|
523 | 516 | | other than in the ordinary course of business. 417 |
---|
524 | 517 | | (c) With court approval, a receiver may transfer receivership 418 |
---|
525 | 518 | | property other than in the ordinary course of business by sale, lease, 419 |
---|
526 | 519 | | license, exchange or other disposition. Unless the agreement of sale 420 |
---|
527 | 520 | | provides otherwise, a sale under this section is free and clear of a lien 421 |
---|
528 | 521 | | of the person that obtained appointment of the receiver, any 422 |
---|
529 | 522 | | subordinate lien and any right of redemption, but is subject to a senior 423 |
---|
530 | 523 | | lien. 424 |
---|
542 | 534 | | (e) A transfer under subsection (c) of this section may occur by 430 |
---|
543 | 535 | | means other than a public auction sale. A creditor holding a valid lien 431 |
---|
544 | 536 | | on the property to be transferred may purchase the property and offset 432 |
---|
545 | 537 | | against the purchase price part or all of the allowed amount secured by 433 |
---|
546 | 538 | | the lien, if the creditor tenders funds sufficient to satisfy in full the 434 |
---|
547 | 539 | | reasonable expenses of transfer and the obligation secured by any 435 |
---|
548 | 540 | | senior lien extinguished by the transfer. 436 |
---|
549 | 541 | | (f) A reversal or modification of an order approving a transfer under 437 |
---|
550 | 542 | | subsection (c) of this section does not affect the validity of the transfer 438 |
---|
551 | 543 | | to a person that acquired the property in good faith or revive against 439 |
---|
552 | 544 | | the person any lien extinguished by the transfer, whether the person 440 |
---|
553 | 545 | | knew before the transfer of the request for reversal or modification, 441 |
---|
554 | 546 | | unless the court stayed the order before the transfer. 442 |
---|
555 | 547 | | Sec. 17. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) (a) In this section, 443 |
---|
556 | 548 | | "timeshare interest" means an interest having a duration of more than 444 |
---|
557 | 549 | | three years which grants its holder the right to use and occupy an 445 |
---|
558 | 550 | | accommodation, facility or recreational site, whether improved or not, 446 |
---|
559 | 551 | | for a specific period less than a full year during any given year. 447 |
---|
560 | 552 | | (b) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (h) of this section, 448 |
---|
561 | 553 | | with court approval, a receiver may adopt or reject an executory 449 |
---|
562 | 554 | | contract of the owner relating to receivership property. The court may 450 |
---|
563 | 555 | | condition the receiver's adoption and continued performance of the 451 |
---|
564 | 556 | | contract on terms appropriate under the circumstances. If the receiver 452 |
---|
565 | 557 | | does not request court approval to adopt or reject the contract within a 453 |
---|
566 | 558 | | reasonable time after the receiver's appointment, the receiver is 454 |
---|
567 | 559 | | deemed to have rejected the contract. 455 |
---|
580 | 571 | | appointment of a receiver or the financial condition of the owner does 462 |
---|
581 | 572 | | not affect a receiver's power under subsection (b) of this section to 463 |
---|
582 | 573 | | adopt the contract. 464 |
---|
583 | 574 | | (e) A receiver's right to possess or use receivership property 465 |
---|
584 | 575 | | pursuant to an executory contract terminates on rejection of the 466 |
---|
585 | 576 | | contract under subsection (b) of this section. Rejection is a breach of the 467 |
---|
586 | 577 | | contract effective immediately before appointment of the receiver. A 468 |
---|
587 | 578 | | claim for damages for rejection of the contract must be submitted by 469 |
---|
588 | 579 | | the later of: 470 |
---|
589 | 580 | | (1) The time set for submitting a claim in the receivership; or 471 |
---|
590 | 581 | | (2) Thirty days after the court approves the rejection. 472 |
---|
591 | 582 | | (f) If at the time a receiver is appointed, the owner has the right to 473 |
---|
592 | 583 | | assign an executory contract relating to receivership property under 474 |
---|
593 | 584 | | the law of this state other than sections 1 to 28, inclusive, of this act, the 475 |
---|
594 | 585 | | receiver may assign the contract with court approval. 476 |
---|
595 | 586 | | (g) If a receiver rejects under subsection (b) of this section an 477 |
---|
596 | 587 | | executory contract for the sale of receivership property that is real 478 |
---|
597 | 588 | | property in possession of the purchaser or a real-property timeshare 479 |
---|
598 | 589 | | interest, the purchaser may: 480 |
---|
599 | 590 | | (1) Treat the rejection as a termination of the contract, and in that 481 |
---|
600 | 591 | | case the purchaser has a lien on the property for the recovery of any 482 |
---|
601 | 592 | | part of the purchase price the purchaser paid; or 483 |
---|
602 | 593 | | (2) Retain the purchaser's right to possession under the contract, and 484 |
---|
616 | 606 | | (1) The tenant occupies the leased premises as the tenant's primary 492 |
---|
617 | 607 | | residence; 493 |
---|
618 | 608 | | (2) The receiver was appointed at the request of a person other than 494 |
---|
619 | 609 | | a mortgagee; or 495 |
---|
620 | 610 | | (3) The receiver was appointed at the request of a mortgagee and: 496 |
---|
621 | 611 | | (A) The lease is superior to the lien of the mortgage; 497 |
---|
622 | 612 | | (B) The tenant has an enforceable agreement with the mortgagee or 498 |
---|
623 | 613 | | the holder of a senior lien under which the tenant's occupancy will not 499 |
---|
624 | 614 | | be disturbed as long as the tenant performs its obligations under the 500 |
---|
625 | 615 | | lease; 501 |
---|
626 | 616 | | (C) The mortgagee has consented to the lease, either in a signed 502 |
---|
627 | 617 | | record or by its failure timely to object that the lease violated the 503 |
---|
628 | 618 | | mortgage; or 504 |
---|
629 | 619 | | (D) The terms of the lease were commercially reasonable at the time 505 |
---|
630 | 620 | | the lease was agreed to and the tenant did not know or have reason to 506 |
---|
631 | 621 | | know that the lease violated the mortgage. 507 |
---|
632 | 622 | | Sec. 18. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) (a) A receiver is entitled to 508 |
---|
633 | 623 | | all defenses and immunities provided by the law of this state other 509 |
---|
634 | 624 | | than sections 1 to 28, inclusive, of this act for an act or omission within 510 |
---|
635 | 625 | | the scope of the receiver's appointment. 511 |
---|
636 | 626 | | (b) A receiver may be sued personally for an act or omission in 512 |
---|
650 | 639 | | proposed to be made to a professional engaged by the receiver; 520 |
---|
651 | 640 | | (3) Receipts and dispositions of receivership property; 521 |
---|
652 | 641 | | (4) Fees and expenses of the receiver and, if not filed separately, a 522 |
---|
653 | 642 | | request for approval of payment of the fees and expenses; and 523 |
---|
654 | 643 | | (5) Any other information required by the court. 524 |
---|
655 | 644 | | Sec. 20. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) (a) Except as otherwise 525 |
---|
656 | 645 | | provided in subsection (f) of this section, a receiver shall give notice of 526 |
---|
657 | 646 | | appointment of the receiver to creditors of the owner by: 527 |
---|
659 | 648 | | commercially reasonable delivery method to the last-known address of 529 |
---|
660 | 649 | | each creditor; and 530 |
---|
661 | 650 | | (2) Publication as directed by the court. 531 |
---|
662 | 651 | | (b) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (f) of this section, the 532 |
---|
663 | 652 | | notice required by subsection (a) of this section must specify the date 533 |
---|
664 | 653 | | by which each creditor holding a claim against the owner which arose 534 |
---|
665 | 654 | | before appointment of the receiver must submit the claim to the 535 |
---|
666 | 655 | | receiver. The date specified must be at least ninety days after the later 536 |
---|
667 | 656 | | of notice under subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of this section or last 537 |
---|
668 | 657 | | publication under subdivision (2) of subsection (a) of this section. The 538 |
---|
669 | 658 | | court may extend the period for submitting the claim. Unless the court 539 |
---|
670 | 659 | | orders otherwise, a claim that is not submitted timely is not entitled to 540 |
---|
683 | 671 | | (5) Include a copy of any record on which the claim is based. 547 |
---|
684 | 672 | | (d) An assignment by a creditor of a claim against the owner is 548 |
---|
685 | 673 | | effective against the receiver only if the assignee gives timely notice of 549 |
---|
686 | 674 | | the assignment to the receiver in a signed record. 550 |
---|
687 | 675 | | (e) At any time before entry of an order approving a receiver's final 551 |
---|
688 | 676 | | report, the receiver may file with the court an objection to a claim of a 552 |
---|
689 | 677 | | creditor, stating the basis for the objection. The court shall allow or 553 |
---|
690 | 678 | | disallow the claim according to the law of this state other than sections 554 |
---|
691 | 679 | | 1 to 28, inclusive, of this act. 555 |
---|
692 | 680 | | (f) If the court concludes that receivership property is likely to be 556 |
---|
693 | 681 | | insufficient to satisfy claims of each creditor holding a perfected lien 557 |
---|
694 | 682 | | on the property, the court may order that: 558 |
---|
695 | 683 | | (1) The receiver need not give notice under subsection (a) of this 559 |
---|
696 | 684 | | section of the appointment to all creditors of the owner, but only such 560 |
---|
697 | 685 | | creditors as the court directs; and 561 |
---|
698 | 686 | | (2) Unsecured creditors need not submit claims under this section. 562 |
---|
699 | 687 | | (g) Subject to the provisions of section 21 of this act: 563 |
---|
700 | 688 | | (1) A distribution of receivership property to a creditor holding a 564 |
---|
701 | 689 | | perfected lien on the property must be made in accordance with the 565 |
---|
702 | 690 | | creditor's priority under the law of this state other than sections 1 to 28, 566 |
---|
717 | 704 | | (b) The court may order one or more of the following to pay the 575 |
---|
718 | 705 | | reasonable and necessary fees and expenses of the receivership, 576 |
---|
719 | 706 | | including reasonable attorneys' fees and costs: 577 |
---|
720 | 707 | | (1) A person that requested the appointment of the receiver, if the 578 |
---|
721 | 708 | | receivership does not produce sufficient funds to pay the fees and 579 |
---|
722 | 709 | | expenses; or 580 |
---|
723 | 710 | | (2) A person whose conduct justified or would have justified the 581 |
---|
724 | 711 | | appointment of the receiver under subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of 582 |
---|
725 | 712 | | section 6 of this act. 583 |
---|
726 | 713 | | Sec. 22. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) (a) The court may remove a 584 |
---|
727 | 714 | | receiver for cause. 585 |
---|
728 | 715 | | (b) The court shall replace a receiver that dies, resigns or is 586 |
---|
729 | 716 | | removed. 587 |
---|
730 | 717 | | (c) If the court finds that a receiver that resigns or is removed, or the 588 |
---|
731 | 718 | | representative of a receiver that is deceased, has accounted fully for 589 |
---|
732 | 719 | | and turned over to the successor receiver all receivership property and 590 |
---|
733 | 720 | | has filed a report of all receipts and disbursements during the service 591 |
---|
734 | 721 | | of the replaced receiver, the replaced receiver is discharged. 592 |
---|
735 | 722 | | (d) The court may discharge a receiver and terminate the court's 593 |
---|
736 | 723 | | administration of the receivership property if the court finds that 594 |
---|
737 | 724 | | appointment of the receiver was improvident or that the circumstances 595 |
---|
752 | 738 | | receiver's duties, the receiver shall file a final report including: 604 |
---|
753 | 739 | | (1) A description of the activities of the receiver in the conduct of the 605 |
---|
754 | 740 | | receivership; 606 |
---|
755 | 741 | | (2) A list of receivership property at the commencement of the 607 |
---|
756 | 742 | | receivership and any receivership property received during the 608 |
---|
757 | 743 | | receivership; 609 |
---|
758 | 744 | | (3) A list of disbursements, including payments to professionals 610 |
---|
759 | 745 | | engaged by the receiver; 611 |
---|
760 | 746 | | (4) A list of dispositions of receivership property; 612 |
---|
761 | 747 | | (5) A list of distributions made or proposed to be made from the 613 |
---|
762 | 748 | | receivership for creditor claims; 614 |
---|
763 | 749 | | (6) If not filed separately, a request for approval of the payment of 615 |
---|
764 | 750 | | fees and expenses of the receiver; and 616 |
---|
765 | 751 | | (7) Any other information required by the court. 617 |
---|
766 | 752 | | (b) If the court approves a final report filed under subsection (a) of 618 |
---|
767 | 753 | | this section and the receiver distributes all receivership property, the 619 |
---|
768 | 754 | | receiver is discharged. 620 |
---|
769 | 755 | | Sec. 24. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) (a) The court may appoint a 621 |
---|
777 | 757 | | ancillary receiver with respect to property located in this state or 623 |
---|
778 | 758 | | subject to the jurisdiction of the court for which a receiver could be 624 |
---|
779 | 759 | | appointed under sections 1 to 28, inclusive, of this act, if: 625 |
---|
780 | 760 | | (1) The person or nominee would be eligible to serve as receiver 626 |
---|
781 | 761 | | under section 7 of this act; and 627 |
---|
782 | 762 | | (2) The appointment furthers the person's possession, custody, 628 |
---|
783 | 763 | | control or disposition of property subject to the receivership in the 629 |
---|
785 | 770 | | (b) The court may issue an order that gives effect to an order entered 631 |
---|
786 | 771 | | in another state appointing or directing a receiver. 632 |
---|
787 | 772 | | (c) Unless the court orders otherwise, an ancillary receiver 633 |
---|
788 | 773 | | appointed under subsection (a) of this section has the rights, powers 634 |
---|
789 | 774 | | and duties of a receiver appointed under sections 1 to 28, inclusive, of 635 |
---|
790 | 775 | | this act. 636 |
---|
791 | 776 | | Sec. 25. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2019) A request by a mortgagee 637 |
---|
792 | 777 | | for appointment of a receiver, the appointment of a receiver or 638 |
---|
793 | 778 | | application by a mortgagee of receivership property or proceeds to the 639 |
---|
794 | 779 | | secured obligation does not: 640 |
---|
795 | 780 | | (1) Make the mortgagee a mortgagee in possession of the real 641 |
---|
796 | 781 | | property; 642 |
---|
797 | 782 | | (2) Make the mortgagee an agent of the owner; 643 |
---|
798 | 783 | | (3) Constitute an election of remedies that precludes a later action to 644 |
---|
799 | 784 | | enforce the secured obligation; 645 |
---|
800 | 785 | | (4) Make the secured obligation unenforceable; or 646 |
---|
801 | 786 | | (5) Limit any right available to the mortgagee with respect to the 647 |
---|
802 | 787 | | secured obligation. 648 |
---|
814 | | - | of this act modify, limit and supersede the Electronic Signatures in 654 |
---|
815 | | - | Global and National Commerce Act, 15 USC 7001 et seq., but do not 655 |
---|
816 | | - | modify, limit or supersede Section 101(c) of said act, 15 USC 7001(c) or 656 |
---|
817 | | - | authorize electronic delivery of any of the notices described in Section 657 |
---|
818 | | - | 103(b) of said act, 15 USC 7003(b). 658 |
---|
| 793 | + | of this act modify, limit or supersede the Electronic Signatures in 654 |
---|
| 794 | + | Global and National Commerce Act, 15 USC Section 7001 et seq., but 655 |
---|
| 795 | + | do not modify, limit or supersede Section 101(c) of said act, 15 USC 656 |
---|
| 796 | + | Section 7001(c) or authorize electronic delivery of any of the notices 657 |
---|
| 797 | + | described in Section 103(b) of said act, 15 USC Section 7003(b). 658 Raised Bill No. 7271 |
---|
| 798 | + | |
---|
| 799 | + | |
---|
| 800 | + | |
---|
| 801 | + | LCO No. 4975 25 of 26 |
---|
| 802 | + | |
---|
822 | 806 | | This act shall take effect as follows and shall amend the following |
---|
823 | 807 | | sections: |
---|
824 | 808 | | |
---|
825 | 809 | | Section 1 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
826 | 810 | | Sec. 2 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
827 | 811 | | Sec. 3 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
828 | 812 | | Sec. 4 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
829 | 813 | | Sec. 5 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
830 | 814 | | Sec. 6 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
831 | 815 | | Sec. 7 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
832 | 816 | | Sec. 8 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
833 | 817 | | Sec. 9 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
834 | 818 | | Sec. 10 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
835 | 819 | | Sec. 11 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
836 | 820 | | Sec. 12 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
837 | 821 | | Sec. 13 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
838 | 822 | | Sec. 14 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
839 | 823 | | Sec. 15 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
840 | 824 | | Sec. 16 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
841 | 825 | | Sec. 17 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
842 | 826 | | Sec. 18 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
843 | 827 | | Sec. 19 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
844 | 828 | | Sec. 20 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
852 | 830 | | Sec. 22 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
853 | 831 | | Sec. 23 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
854 | 832 | | Sec. 24 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
855 | 833 | | Sec. 25 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
856 | 834 | | Sec. 26 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
857 | 835 | | Sec. 27 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
858 | 836 | | Sec. 28 October 1, 2019 New section |
---|
859 | 837 | | |
---|