Connecticut 2024 Regular Session

Connecticut House Bill HB05450 Compare Versions

Version 1 (Old)

Version 2 (New)

Old	New		Differences
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2	2
3		-	LCO 1 of 6
	3	+	LCO No. 2553 1 of 6
4	4
5		-	General Assembly ~~Substitute~~ Bill No. 5450
	5	+	General Assembly Raised Bill No. 5450
6	6		February Session, 2024
	7	+	LCO No. 2553
7	8
	9	+
	10	+	Referred to Committee on GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION
	11	+	AND ELECTIONS
	12	+
	13	+
	14	+	Introduced by:
	15	+	(GAE)
8	16
9	17
10	18
11	19
12	20		AN ACT CONCERNING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, DECEPTIVE
13	21		SYNTHETIC MEDIA AND ELECTIONS.
14	22		Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General
15	23		Assembly convened:
16	24
17	25		Section 1. (NEW) (Effective July 1, 2024) (a) As used in this section: 1
18	26		(1) "Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that (A) 2
19	27		can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, 3
20	28		recommendations or decisions influencing real or virtual environments, 4
21	29		and (B) uses machine and human-based inputs to (i) perceive real and 5
22	30		virtual environments, (ii) abstract such perceptions into models through 6
23	31		analysis in an automated manner, and (iii) formulate options for 7
24	32		information or action through model inference; 8
25	33		(2) "Candidate" means any individual who seeks nomination for 9
26	34		election, or election, to public office whether or not such individual is 10
27	35		elected; 11
28	36		(3) "Deceptive synthetic media" means any image, audio or video of 12
29		-	an individual, and any representation of such individual's appearance, 13
	37	+	an individual, and any representation of such individual's appearance, 13 Raised Bill No. 5450
	38	+
	39	+
	40	+
	41	+	LCO No. 2553 2 of 6
	42	+
30	43		speech or conduct that is substantially derived from any such image, 14
31	44		audio or video, which (A) a reasonable person would believe depicts the 15
32	45		appearance, speech or conduct of such individual when such individual 16
33		-	did not in fact appear as depicted or engage in such speech or conduct, 17 Substitute Bill No. 5450
34		-
35		-
36		-	LCO 2 of 6
37		-
	46	+	did not in fact appear as depicted or engage in such speech or conduct, 17
38	47		and (B) was generated, in whole or in part, through the use of artificial 18
39		-	intelligence or other means; 19
	48	+	intelligence or other technological means; 19
40	49		(4) "Election" has the same meaning as provided in section 9-1 of the 20
41	50		general statutes; 21
42	51		(5) "Individual" means a human being; 22
43	52		(6) "Person" has the same meaning as provided in section 9-601 of the 23
44	53		general statutes; and 24
45	54		(7) "Primary" has the same meaning as provided in section 9-372 of 25
46	55		the general statutes. 26
47	56		(b) Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, no person shall 27
48	57		distribute, or enter into any agreement to distribute, a communication 28
49	58		containing any image, audio or video of an individual during the 29
50	59		ninety-day period preceding any election or primary if: 30
51	60		(1) Such person knows or should reasonably know that such image, 31
52	61		audio or video is deceptive synthetic media; 32
53	62		(2) The communication containing such deceptive synthetic media is 33
54	63		distributed without the consent of such individual; and 34
55	64		(3) Such distribution is intended to injure a candidate or influence the 35
56	65		result of such election or primary. 36
57	66		(c) A person may distribute, or enter into an agreement to distribute, 37
58	67		a communication containing deceptive synthetic media during the 38
59	68		ninety-day period preceding a primary or election if: 39
60	69		(1) For such deceptive synthetic media that: 40
61		-	(A) Is an image or consists only of an image, (i) a disclaimer stating 41
	70	+	(A) Is an image or consists only of an image, (i) a disclaimer stating 41 Raised Bill No. 5450
	71	+
	72	+
	73	+
	74	+	LCO No. 2553 3 of 6
	75	+
62	76		"This communication contains an image that has been manipulated" or 42
63	77		"This image has been manipulated", as applicable, appears in text that is 43
64	78		clearly visible to and easily readable by the average viewer and is not 44
65		-	smaller than the largest font size of any other text appearing in such 45 Substitute Bill No. 5450
66		-
67		-
68		-	LCO 3 of 6
69		-
	79	+	smaller than the largest font size of any other text appearing in such 45
70	80		communication, and (ii) in the case of any such image that was 46
71	81		generated by editing or manipulating an existing image, a citation 47
72	82		directing such viewer to the original source from which the unedited or 48
73	83		unmanipulated version of such existing image was obtained; 49
74	84		(B) Consists only of audio, (i) a disclaimer stating "This 50
75	85		communication contains audio that has been manipulated" is read in a 51
76	86		clearly spoken manner, in a pitch that can be easily heard by the average 52
77	87		listener and in the same language as the deceptive synthetic media and 53
78	88		any other language such person should reasonably expect such listener 54
79	89		to speak or understand, and which disclaimer shall be so read at the 55
80	90		beginning of such communication, at the end of such communication 56
81	91		and, if such communication is greater than one minute in length, 57
82	92		interspersed within such communication at not less frequently than 58
83	93		thirty-second intervals, and (ii) in the case of any such audio that was 59
84	94		generated by editing or manipulating existing audio, a citation directing 60
85	95		such listener to the original source from which the unedited or 61
86	96		unmanipulated version of such existing audio was obtained; or 62
87	97		(C) Is a video, (i) a disclaimer stating "This communication contains 63
88	98		video that has been manipulated" appears in text that is clearly visible 64
89	99		to and easily readable by the average viewer, is not smaller than the 65
90	100		largest font size of any other text appearing in such communication and 66
91		-	is in the same language as the deceptive synthetic media and any other 67
	101	+	in the same language as the deceptive synthetic media and any other 67
92	102		language such person should reasonably expect such viewer to speak or 68
93	103		understand, and which disclaimer shall appear for the duration of such 69
94	104		communication, and (ii) in the case of any such video that was generated 70
95	105		by editing or manipulating an existing video, a citation directing such 71
96	106		viewer to the original source from which the unedited or 72
97	107		unmanipulated version of such existing video was obtained; or 73
98		-	(2) Such person is: 74
	108	+	(2) Such person is: 74 Raised Bill No. 5450
	109	+
	110	+
	111	+
	112	+	LCO No. 2553 4 of 6
	113	+
99	114		(A) A radio station or television station, whether broadcast, cable or 75
100	115		satellite and including, but not limited to, any producer or programmer 76
101		-	or any certified competitive video service provider, community antenna 77 Substitute Bill No. 5450
102		-
103		-
104		-	LCO 4 of 6
105		-
	116	+	or any certified competitive video service provider, community antenna 77
106	117		television company, holder of a certificate of cable franchise authority 78
107	118		or holder of a certificate of video franchise authority, as those terms are 79
108	119		defined in section 16-1 of the general statutes, that (i) broadcasts such 80
109	120		communication containing deceptive synthetic media as part of a bona 81
110	121		fide newscast, news interview, news documentary or other on-the-spot 82
111	122		coverage of bona fide news events, (ii) (I) retains the disclaimer upon 83
112	123		such communication required under subdivision (1) of this subsection, 84
113	124		or (II) except in the case of any such on-the-spot coverage, adds such a 85
114	125		disclaimer at the time of such broadcast if such communication did not 86
115	126		previously include such a disclaimer, and (iii) except in the case of any 87
116	127		such on-the-spot coverage for which such person does not have reason 88
117	128		to believe that such communication contains deceptive synthetic media, 89
118	129		clearly states in the content of such broadcast that such communication 90
119	130		contains deceptive synthetic media; or 91
120	131		(B) An Internet web site or regularly published newspaper, magazine 92
121	132		or other periodical of general circulation, including, but not limited to, 93
122	133		any regularly published periodical of general circulation that is 94
123	134		published electronically or on the Internet, that (i) publishes such 95
124	135		communication containing deceptive synthetic media as part of such 96
125	136		person's routine carriage of news and commentary of general interest, 97
126	137		(ii) (I) retains the disclaimer upon such communication required under 98
127	138		subdivision (1) of this subsection, or (II) adds such a disclaimer at the 99
128	139		time of such publication if such communication did not previously 100
129	140		include such a disclaimer, and (iii) clearly states in the content of such 101
130	141		publication that such communication contains deceptive synthetic 102
131	142		media. 103
132	143		(d) (1) Any person who violates the provisions of this section shall be 104
133	144		guilty of a class C misdemeanor, except that: 105
134	145		(A) If such violation was committed with the intent to cause violence 106
135		-	or bodily harm, or to distribute deceptive synthetic media to an 107
136		-	audience and such audience exceeds ten thousand individuals, such 108
137		-	person shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor; and 109 Substitute Bill No. 5450
	146	+	or bodily harm, or to distribute deceptive synthetic media to an 107 Raised Bill No. 5450
138	147
139	148
140		-	LCO 5 of 6
141	149
	150	+	LCO No. 2553 5 of 6
	151	+
	152	+	audience and such audience exceeds ten thousand individuals, such 108
	153	+	person shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor; and 109
142	154		(B) If such violation was committed less than five years after a prior 110
143	155		conviction under this section, such person shall be guilty of a class D 111
144	156		felony. 112
145	157		(2) Any penalty imposed under subdivision (1) of this subsection 113
146	158		shall be in addition to any injunctive or other equitable relief or any 114
147	159		general or special damages ordered under subsection (e) of this section. 115
148	160		(e) (1) (A) The Attorney General, an individual described in 116
149	161		subsection (b) of this section, or a candidate who has been or is likely to 117
150	162		be injured by the distribution of a communication containing deceptive 118
151	163		synthetic media in violation of the provisions of this section, may 119
152	164		commence a civil action in a court of competent jurisdiction seeking to 120
153	165		permanently enjoin any person whose violation of the provisions of this 121
154	166		section is reasonably believed to be imminent, or who is in the course of 122
155	167		violating the provisions of this section, and other equitable relief. 123
156	168		(B) An individual described in subsection (b) of this section, or a 124
157	169		candidate who has been injured by the distribution of a communication 125
158	170		containing deceptive synthetic media in violation of the provisions of 126
159	171		this section, may commence a civil action in a court of competent 127
160	172		jurisdiction seeking to recover general or special damages resulting 128
161	173		from such distribution. 129
162	174		(2) In any civil action commenced under subdivision (1) of this 130
163	175		subsection, the plaintiff shall bear the burden of proving by clear and 131
164	176		convincing evidence that the defendant distributed, or will imminently 132
165	177		distribute, a communication containing deceptive synthetic media in 133
166	178		violation of the provisions of this section. 134
167	179		(3) Any party, other than the Attorney General, who prevails in a civil 135
168	180		action commenced under subdivision (1) of this subsection shall be 136
169		-	awarded reasonable attorney's fees and costs to be taxed by the court. 137
	181	+	awarded reasonable attorney's fees and costs to be taxed by the court. 137 Raised Bill No. 5450
	182	+
	183	+
	184	+
	185	+	LCO No. 2553 6 of 6
	186	+
170	187		This act shall take effect as follows and shall amend the following
171	188		sections:
172		-	Substitute Bill No. 5450
173		-
174		-
175		-	LCO 6 of 6
176	189
177	190		Section 1 July 1, 2024 New section
178	191
179		-	GAE Joint Favorable Subst.
	192	+	Statement of Purpose:
	193	+	To prohibit distribution of certain deceptive synthetic media within the
	194	+	ninety-day period preceding an election or primary.
	195	+	[Proposed deletions are enclosed in brackets. Proposed additions are indicated by underline, except
	196	+	that when the entire text of a bill or resolution or a section of a bill or resolution is new, it is not
	197	+	underlined.]
180	198