Connecticut 2025 Regular Session

Connecticut Senate Bill SB01404 Compare Versions

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55 General Assembly Raised Bill No. 1404
66 January Session, 2025
77 LCO No. 5403
88
99
1010 Referred to Committee on COMMERCE
1111
1212
1313 Introduced by:
1414 (CE)
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1819 AN ACT CONCERNING CONFORMING ADJUSTMENTS TO SUPPORT
1920 THE TRANSITION TO A RELEASED-BASED CLEANUP PROGRAM.
2021 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General
2122 Assembly convened:
2223
2324 Section 1. Subsection (a) of section 22a-134rr of the general statutes is 1
2425 repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective from 2
2526 passage): 3
2627 (a) Any person who creates or maintains a release to the land and 4
2728 waters of the state on or after the date when regulations are [first 5
2829 adopted] effective after adoption pursuant to section 22a-134tt shall, 6
2930 upon discovery of such release: (1) Report the release, if such a report is 7
3031 required by the regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-134tt, and 8
3132 (2) remediate any release to the standards identified in regulations 9
3233 adopted pursuant to section 22a-134tt. If any person fails to comply with 10
3334 the provisions of this section and section 22a-134tt, such person shall be 11
3435 liable for any costs incurred by the commissioner in accordance with 12
3536 section 22a-451, or costs incurred by any other person who contains or 13
3637 removes or otherwise mitigates the effects of such release in accordance 14
37-with section 22a-452. 15 Raised Bill No. 1404
38+with section 22a-452. 15
39+Raised Bill No. 1404
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4245 Sec. 2. Subdivision (1) of section 22a-134 of the general statutes is 16
4346 repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective from 17
4447 passage): 18
4548 (1) "Transfer of establishment" means any transaction or proceeding, 19
4649 on or before the effective date of regulations [are] adopted pursuant to 20
4750 section 22a-134tt, through which an establishment undergoes a change 21
4851 in ownership, but does not mean: 22
4952 (A) Conveyance or extinguishment of an easement; 23
5053 (B) Conveyance of an establishment through (i) a foreclosure, as 24
5154 defined in subsection (b) of section 22a-452f, (ii) foreclosure of a 25
5255 municipal tax lien pursuant to section 12-181, (iii) a tax warrant sale 26
5356 pursuant to section 12-157, (iv) a transfer of title to a municipality by 27
5457 deed in lieu of foreclosure, (v) an exercise of eminent domain by a 28
5558 municipality or pursuant to section 8-128, 8-169e or 8-193 or by 29
5659 condemnation pursuant to section 32-224 or purchase pursuant to a 30
5760 resolution by the legislative body of a municipality authorizing the 31
5861 acquisition through eminent domain for establishments that also meet 32
5962 the definition of a brownfield, as defined in section 32-760, or (vi) a 33
6063 subsequent transfer by such municipality that has acquired the property 34
6164 pursuant to any mechanism described in subparagraphs (B)(i) to (B)(iii), 35
6265 inclusive, of this subdivision or pursuant to the remedial action and 36
6366 redevelopment municipal grant program established in section 32-763, 37
6467 provided (I) the party acquiring the property from the municipality did 38
6568 not establish, create or contribute to the contamination at the 39
6669 establishment and is not affiliated with any person who established, 40
6770 created or contributed to such contamination or with any person who is 41
6871 or was an owner or certifying party for the establishment, and (II) on or 42
6972 before the date the party acquires the property from the municipality, 43
7073 such party or municipality enters and subsequently remains in the 44
7174 voluntary remediation program administered by the commissioner 45
7275 pursuant to section 22a-133x and remains in compliance with schedules 46
7376 and approvals issued by the commissioner. For purposes of this 47
74-subparagraph, subsequent transfer by a municipality includes any 48 Raised Bill No. 1404
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83+subparagraph, subsequent transfer by a municipality includes any 48
7984 transfer to, from or between a municipality, municipal economic 49
8085 development agency or entity created or operating under chapter 130 or 50
8186 132, a nonprofit economic development corporation formed to promote 51
8287 the common good, general welfare and economic development of a 52
8388 municipality that is funded, either directly or through in-kind services, 53
8489 in part by a municipality, a nonstock corporation or limited liability 54
8590 company controlled or established by a municipality, municipal 55
8691 economic development agency or entity created or operating under 56
8792 chapter 130 or 132, or a Connecticut brownfield land bank; 57
8893 (C) Conveyance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure to a lender, as defined 58
8994 in and that qualifies for the secured lender exemption pursuant to 59
9095 subsection (b) of section 22a-452f; 60
9196 (D) Conveyance of a security interest, as defined in subdivision (7) of 61
9297 subsection (b) of section 22a-452f; 62
9398 (E) Termination of a lease and conveyance, assignment or execution 63
9499 of a lease for a period less than ninety-nine years including conveyance, 64
95100 assignment or execution of a lease with options or similar terms that will 65
96101 extend the period of the leasehold to ninety-nine years, or from the 66
97102 commencement of the leasehold, ninety-nine years, including 67
98103 conveyance, assignment or execution of a lease with options or similar 68
99104 terms that will extend the period of the leasehold to ninety-nine years, 69
100105 or from the commencement of the leasehold; 70
101106 (F) Any change in ownership approved by the Probate Court; 71
102107 (G) Devolution of title to a surviving joint tenant, or to a trustee, 72
103108 executor or administrator under the terms of a testamentary trust or 73
104109 will, or by intestate succession; 74
105110 (H) Corporate reorganization not substantially affecting the 75
106111 ownership of the establishment; 76
107-(I) The issuance of stock or other securities of an entity which owns 77
108-or operates an establishment; 78 Raised Bill No. 1404
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118+(I) The issuance of stock or other securities of an entity which owns 77
119+or operates an establishment; 78
113120 (J) The transfer of stock, securities or other ownership interests 79
114121 representing fifty per cent or less of the ownership of the entity that 80
115122 owns or operates the establishment; 81
116123 (K) Any conveyance of an interest in an establishment where the 82
117124 transferor is the sibling, spouse, child, parent, grandparent, child of a 83
118125 sibling or sibling of a parent of the transferee; 84
119126 (L) Conveyance of an interest in an establishment to a trustee of an 85
120127 inter vivos trust created by the transferor solely for the benefit of one or 86
121128 more siblings, spouses, children, parents, grandchildren, children of a 87
122129 sibling or siblings of a parent of the transferor; 88
123130 (M) Any conveyance of a portion of a parcel upon which portion no 89
124131 establishment is or has been located and upon which there has not 90
125132 occurred a discharge, spillage, uncontrolled loss, seepage or filtration of 91
126133 hazardous waste, provided either the area of such portion is not greater 92
127134 than fifty per cent of the area of such parcel or written notice of such 93
128135 proposed conveyance and an environmental condition assessment form 94
129136 for such parcel is provided to the commissioner sixty days prior to such 95
130137 conveyance; 96
131138 (N) Conveyance of a service station, as defined in subdivision (5) of 97
132139 this section; 98
133140 (O) Any conveyance of an establishment which, prior to July 1, 1997, 99
134141 had been developed solely for residential use and such use has not 100
135142 changed; 101
136143 (P) Any conveyance of an establishment to any entity created or 102
137144 operating under chapter 130 or 132, or to an urban rehabilitation agency, 103
138145 as defined in section 8-292, or to a municipality under section 32-224, or 104
139146 to Connecticut Innovations, Incorporated or any subsidiary of the 105
147+Raised Bill No. 1404
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140153 corporation; 106
141154 (Q) Any conveyance of a parcel in connection with the acquisition of 107
142-properties to effectuate the development of the overall project, as 108 Raised Bill No. 1404
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144-
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155+properties to effectuate the development of the overall project, as 108
147156 defined in section 32-651; 109
148157 (R) The conversion of a general or limited partnership to a limited 110
149158 liability company; 111
150159 (S) The transfer of general partnership property held in the names of 112
151160 all of its general partners to a general partnership which includes as 113
152161 general partners immediately after the transfer all of the same persons 114
153162 as were general partners immediately prior to the transfer; 115
154163 (T) The transfer of general partnership property held in the names of 116
155164 all of its general partners to a limited liability company which includes 117
156165 as members immediately after the transfer all of the same persons as 118
157166 were general partners immediately prior to the transfer; 119
158167 (U) Acquisition of an establishment by any governmental or quasi-120
159168 governmental condemning authority; 121
160169 (V) Conveyance of a unit in a residential common interest 122
161170 community; 123
162171 (W) Acquisition and all subsequent transfers of an establishment (i) 124
163172 that is in the abandoned brownfield cleanup program established 125
164173 pursuant to section 32-768 or the brownfield remediation and 126
165174 revitalization program established pursuant to section 32-769, provided 127
166175 such establishment is in compliance with any applicable provisions of 128
167176 the general statutes, or (ii) by a Connecticut brownfield land bank, 129
168177 provided such establishment was entered into a remediation or liability 130
169178 relief program under section 22a-133x, 22a-133y, as amended by this act, 131
170179 32-768 or 32-769 and the transferor of such establishment is in 132
171180 compliance with such program at the time of transfer of such 133
172181 establishment or has completed the requirements of such program; 134
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173188 (X) Any transfer of title from a municipality to a nonprofit 135
174189 organization or from any entity to a nonprofit organization, as ordered 136
175190 or approved by a bankruptcy court; 137
176-(Y) Conveyance from the Department of Transportation to the 138 Raised Bill No. 1404
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191+(Y) Conveyance from the Department of Transportation to the 138
181192 Connecticut Airport Authority of any properties comprising (i) Bradley 139
182193 International Airport and all related improvements and facilities now in 140
183194 existence and as hereafter acquired, added, extended, improved and 141
184195 equipped, including any property or facilities purchased with funds of, 142
185196 or revenues derived from, Bradley International Airport, and any other 143
186197 property or facilities allocated by the state, the Connecticut Airport 144
187198 Authority or otherwise to Bradley International Airport, (ii) the state-145
188199 owned and operated general aviation airports, including Danielson 146
189200 Airport, Groton/New London Airport, Hartford Brainard Airport, 147
190201 Waterbury-Oxford Airport and Windham Airport and any such other 148
191202 airport as may be owned, operated or managed by the Connecticut 149
192203 Airport Authority and designated as general aviation airports, (iii) any 150
193204 other airport as may be owned, operated or managed by the Connecticut 151
194205 Airport Authority, and (iv) any airport site or any part thereof, 152
195206 including, but not limited to, any restricted landing areas and any air 153
196207 navigation facilities; or 154
197208 (Z) The change in the name of a limited liability company as an 155
198209 amendment to such company's certificate of organization, pursuant to 156
199210 section 34-247a. 157
200211 Sec. 3. Section 22a-6u of the general statutes is amended by adding 158
201212 subsection (p) as follows (Effective October 1, 2025): 159
202213 (NEW) (p) On and after the effective date of regulations adopted 160
203214 pursuant to section 22a-134tt, the requirements of this section shall 161
204215 apply only to releases that, pursuant to subsections (c) and (d) of section 162
205216 22a-134rr, are not subject to the requirements of sections 22a-134qq to 163
206217 22a-134xx, inclusive, and any hazard required to be reported by a 164
207218 municipality or Connecticut brownfield land bank pursuant to 165
219+Raised Bill No. 1404
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208225 subsection (b) of section 22a-133dd. 166
209226 Sec. 4. Section 22a-133y of the general statutes is repealed and the 167
210227 following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective from passage): 168
211228 (a) [On and after January 1, 1996] Before the effective date of 169
212-regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-134tt, any licensed 170 Raised Bill No. 1404
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229+regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-134tt, any licensed 170
217230 environmental professional licensed by the State Board of Examiners of 171
218231 Environmental Professionals pursuant to section 22a-133v may, 172
219232 pursuant to a voluntary site remediation conducted in accordance with 173
220233 subsections (a) to (e), inclusive, of this section, conduct a Phase II 174
221234 environmental site assessment or a Phase III investigation, prepare a 175
222235 Phase III remedial action plan, supervise remediation or submit a final 176
223236 remedial action report to the Commissioner of Energy and 177
224237 Environmental Protection in accordance with the standards provided 178
225238 for remediation in the regulations adopted by the commissioner under 179
226239 section 22a-133k for any real property which has been subject to a spill 180
227240 and which meets the following criteria: (1) Such property is located in 181
228241 an area classified as GB or GC under the standards adopted by the 182
229242 commissioner for classification of groundwater contamination; and (2) 183
230243 such property is not the subject of any order issued by the commissioner 184
231244 regarding such spill, consent order or stipulated judgment regarding 185
232245 such spill. Any such professional employed by a municipality may 186
233246 enter, without liability, upon any property within such municipality for 187
234247 the purpose of performing an environmental site assessment or 188
235248 investigation if the owner of such property is unknown or such property 189
236249 is encumbered by a lien for taxes due to such municipality. Nothing in 190
237250 this subsection shall affect the ability of any person, firm or corporation 191
238251 to provide any of the services enumerated in this subsection in 192
239252 connection with the remediation of contaminated real property other 193
240253 than as provided for a voluntary site remediation conducted pursuant 194
241254 to this section. 195
242255 (b) Following any Phase II environmental site assessment or a Phase 196
243256 III investigation for any such property, any Phase III remedial action 197
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244263 plan prepared for purposes of a voluntary site remediation under 198
245264 subsections (a) to (e), inclusive, of this section shall be prepared by a 199
246265 licensed environmental professional in accordance with the standards 200
247266 for such property adopted by the commissioner under section 22a-133k. 201
248267 Prior to commencement of remedial action taken pursuant to such plan, 202
249268 the owner of the property shall submit such plan to the commissioner 203
250-and shall: (1) Publish notice of the remedial action in a newspaper 204 Raised Bill No. 1404
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269+and shall: (1) Publish notice of the remedial action in a newspaper 204
255270 having a substantial circulation in the town where the property is 205
256271 located; (2) notify the director of health of the municipality where the 206
257272 parcel is located; and (3) either (A) erect and maintain for at least thirty 207
258273 days in a legible condition a sign not less than six feet by four feet on the 208
259274 property, which sign shall be clearly visible from the public highway, 209
260275 and shall include the words "ENVIRONMENTAL CLEAN -UP IN 210
261276 PROGRESS AT THIS SITE. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION 211
262277 CONTACT:" and include a telephone number for an office from which 212
263278 any interested person may obtain additional information about the 213
264279 remedial action; or (B) mail notice of the remedial action to each owner 214
265280 of record of property which abuts such property, at the address on the 215
266281 last-completed grand list of the relevant town. The commissioner may 216
267282 review such plan and may advise such owner as to the adequacy of such 217
268283 plan. The remedial action shall be conducted under the supervision of a 218
269284 licensed environmental professional. The commissioner shall expedite 219
270285 the process for issuing any permits required under this title for such 220
271286 action. The final remedial action report shall be submitted by a licensed 221
272287 environmental professional. In preparing such report, the licensed 222
273288 environmental professional shall render an opinion, in accordance with 223
274289 the standard of care provided for in subsection (c) of section 22a-133w, 224
275290 that the action taken to contain, remove or mitigate the spill is in 225
276291 accordance with the remediation standards for such property adopted 226
277292 by the commissioner under section 22a-133k. The owner of the property 227
278293 shall maintain all records relating to such remedial action for a period 228
279294 of not less than ten years and shall make such records available to the 229
280295 commissioner at any time upon his request. 230
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281302 (c) Any final remedial action report submitted to the commissioner 231
282303 for such a property by a licensed environmental professional shall be 232
283304 deemed approved unless, within sixty days of such submittal, the 233
284305 commissioner determines, in his sole discretion, that an audit of such 234
285306 remedial action is necessary to assess whether remedial action beyond 235
286307 that which is indicated in such report is necessary for the protection of 236
287308 human health or the environment. Such an audit shall be conducted 237
288-within six months of such determination. After completing such audit, 238 Raised Bill No. 1404
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309+within six months of such determination. After completing such audit, 238
293310 the commissioner may disapprove the report provided he shall give his 239
294311 reasons therefor in writing and further provided such owner may 240
295312 appeal such disapproval to the superior court in accordance with the 241
296313 provisions of section 4-183. Prior to approving a final remedial action 242
297314 report, the commissioner may enter into a memorandum of 243
298315 understanding with the owner of such property with regard to any 244
299316 further remedial action or monitoring activities on or at such property 245
300317 which the commissioner deems necessary for the protection of human 246
301318 health or the environment. 247
302319 (d) Upon the approval of such report, the owner of the property shall 248
303320 execute and record an environmental use restriction in accordance with 249
304321 the provisions of section 22a-133o, unless a licensed environmental 250
305322 professional presents evidence, satisfactory to the commissioner, that 251
306323 the remediation has achieved a standard sufficient to render such a 252
307324 restriction unnecessary and the commissioner issues a written finding 253
308325 that such restriction is not necessary. Approval of a final remedial action 254
309326 report pursuant to subsections (a) to (e), inclusive, of this section shall 255
310327 be sufficient to support the filing of a Form II, as defined in section 22a-256
311328 134, as amended by this act. 257
312329 (e) Nothing in this section shall relieve any person of any obligation 258
313330 to comply with sections 22a-134 to 22a-134e, inclusive, as amended by 259
314331 this act. 260
315332 (f) On or after the effective date of regulations adopted pursuant to 261
316333 section 22a-134tt, any licensed environmental professional licensed by 262
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317340 the State Board of Examiners of Environmental Professionals pursuant 263
318341 to section 22a-133v may, pursuant to prevailing standards and 264
319342 guidelines, conduct a parcel-wide Phase II environmental site 265
320343 assessment and a parcel-wide Phase III investigation, for any parcel of 266
321344 real property which has, or which may have been, subject to a release, 267
322345 as defined in section 22a-134pp, for the purposes of entering such parcel 268
323346 into a voluntary parcel-wide remediation program pursuant to 269
324347 subsections (f) to (k), inclusive, of this section, except as provided by 270
325-subsection (g) of this section. Any such professional employed by a 271 Raised Bill No. 1404
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348+subsection (g) of this section. Any such professional employed by a 271
330349 municipality may enter, without liability, upon any property within 272
331350 such municipality for the purpose of performing an environmental site 273
332351 assessment or investigation if the owner of such property is unknown 274
333352 or such property is encumbered by a lien for taxes due to such 275
334353 municipality, or as otherwise provided for pursuant to section 22a-133e. 276
335354 Nothing in subsections (f) to (k), inclusive, of this section shall affect the 277
336355 ability of any person, firm or corporation to provide any of the services 278
337356 described in this subsection in connection with the remediation of 279
338357 contaminated real property other than as provided for a voluntary 280
339358 parcel-wide remediation conducted pursuant to subsections (f) to (k), 281
340359 inclusive, of this section. 282
341360 (g) A parcel shall be eligible for voluntary parcel-wide remediation 283
342361 pursuant to subsections (f) to (k), inclusive, of this section if such parcel 284
343362 is not subject to sections 22a-134a to 22a-134e, inclusive, and sections 285
344363 22a-134h and 22a-134i, the parcel is not the subject of any order issued 286
345364 by the commissioner regarding one or more releases, or a consent order 287
346365 or stipulated judgment regarding one or more releases, and a parcel-288
347366 wide Phase II environmental site assessment is initiated before the 289
348367 discovery of a release on a parcel subject to the requirements of chapter 290
349368 445b for which a release remediation closure report has not previously 291
350369 been prepared, or not more than sixty days following the discovery of a 292
351370 release on a parcel for which a release remediation closure report has 293
352371 not previously been prepared, provided any immediate actions 294
353372 otherwise required by the regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-295
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354379 134tt are completed within a timeframe and in the manner required by 296
355380 such regulations. 297
356381 (h) Each release identified by a parcel-wide Phase II environmental 298
357382 assessment conducted pursuant to subsection (g) of this section through 299
358383 multiple lines of evidence or the laboratory analysis of samples taken 300
359384 from the land and waters of the state shall be determined to be 301
360-discovered for the purposes of section 22a-134tt and any regulations 302
385+discovered for the purposes of section 22a-134tt, and any regulations 302
361386 adopted pursuant to said section. Not later than the earliest deadline to 303
362387 report any release discovered pursuant to subsection (g) of this section, 304
363-as established in regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-134tt, the 305 Raised Bill No. 1404
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388+as established in regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-134tt, the 305
368389 environmental professional shall provide notice to the commissioner, on 306
369390 a form prescribed by the commissioner, of the intent to enter the 307
370391 voluntary parcel-wide cleanup program. Such form shall include, but 308
371392 not be limited to, the date of the initiation of the Phase II environmental 309
372393 site assessment, a description of the investigation conducted and the 310
373394 identification each release discovered. 311
374395 (i) Each release discovered pursuant to subsection (h) of this section 312
375-shall be subject to the requirements of chapter 445b and the regulations 313
396+shall be subject to the requirements of chapter 445b, and the regulations 313
376397 adopted pursuant to section 22a-134tt, provided: 314
377398 (1) For each release discovered pursuant to subsection (g) of this 315
378399 section, any investigation or characterization required to assign the 316
379400 release to a cleanup tier shall be completed and submitted to the 317
380401 commissioner not more than two years after the initiation of the parcel-318
381402 wide Phase II environmental site assessment. The commissioner may 319
382403 audit such submission and, if the commissioner determines that the 320
383404 investigation or characterization is inadequate, may specify a schedule 321
384405 for the completion of additional investigation or characterization. If 322
385406 such additional investigation or characterization is not completed in 323
386407 accordance with such schedule, the commissioner may subject each 324
387408 release discovered pursuant to subsections (g) and (h) of this section to 325
388409 the requirements of chapter 445b; 326
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389416 (2) Upon completion of tier characterization, each release discovered 327
390417 pursuant to subsections (g) and (h) of this section shall be grouped 328
391418 together for the purpose of assignment to cleanup tier in accordance 329
392419 with regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-134tt. Such releases 330
393420 shall be assigned to the environmental professional supervised cleanup 331
394421 tier with the longest timeline for remediation; 332
395422 (3) To the extent each release discovered pursuant to subsections (g) 333
396423 and (h) of this section is subject to any fee assessed by regulations 334
397424 adopted pursuant to section 22a-134tt, releases grouped together 335
398425 pursuant to subdivision (2) of this subsection shall be considered a 336
399-single release for the purpose of calculating the fee assessed; and 337 Raised Bill No. 1404
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426+single release for the purpose of calculating the fee assessed; and 337
404427 (4) Any deadline for remediation of releases grouped together 338
405428 pursuant to subdivision (2) of this subsection that is established by 339
406429 regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-134tt shall be extended by 340
407430 one year. 341
408431 (j) Any parcel remediated pursuant to the requirements of 342
409432 subsections (f) to (k), inclusive, of this section shall be eligible for a 343
410433 covenant not to sue pursuant to section 22a-133aa, provided a detailed 344
411434 written plan for remediation of the property, in accordance with 345
412435 standards adopted by the commissioner pursuant to section 22a-134tt, 346
413436 has been approved by the commissioner. 347
414437 (k) The commissioner shall expedite the process for issuing any 348
415438 permits required under this title for parcel-wide remediation. 349
416439 This act shall take effect as follows and shall amend the following
417440 sections:
418441
419442 Section 1 from passage 22a-134rr(a)
420443 Sec. 2 from passage 22a-134(1)
421444 Sec. 3 October 1, 2025 22a-6u(p)
422445 Sec. 4 from passage 22a-133y
423446
424-CE Joint Favorable
447+Raised Bill No. 1404
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449+
450+
451+LCO No. 5403 13 of 13
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453+Statement of Purpose:
454+To establish a transition period from the Transfer Act to regulations that
455+provide for release-based cleanup remediation standards.
456+
457+[Proposed deletions are enclosed in brackets. Proposed additions are indicated by underline, except
458+that when the entire text of a bill or resolution or a section of a bill or resolution is new, it is not
459+underlined.]
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