Georgia 2025-2026 Regular Session

Georgia House Bill HB66 Compare Versions

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1-25 LC 50 1265S
2-The Senate Committee on Finance offered the following
3-substitute to HB 66:
1+25 LC 50 1146S
2+House Bill 66 (COMMITTEE SUBSTITUTE)
3+By: Representatives Stephens of the 164
4+th
5+ and Fleming of the 114
6+th
7+
48 A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
59 AN ACT
6-To amend Article 2A of Chapter 8 of Title 48 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated,1
7-relating to homestead option sales and use tax, so as to provide for an alternative homestead2
8-option sales and use tax; to provide for the distribution of the proceeds from the levy of such3
9-tax; to provide for the levy of a special purpose local option sales and use tax in certain4
10-counties; to provide for a referendum; to provide for procedures, conditions, and limitations;5
11-to provide for a short title; to provide for legislative intent; to provide for construction; to6
12-amend Code Section 48-5C-1 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to7
13-alternative ad valorem taxation of motor vehicles and title ad valorem tax fee, so as to8
14-provide for an alternative method for payment of such ad valorem tax for certain modified9
15-rental vehicles; to provide for definitions; to provide for related matters; to repeal conflicting10
16-laws; and for other purposes.11
17-BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF GEORGIA:12
18-SECTION 1.13
19-Article 2A of Chapter 8 of Title 48 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to14
20-homestead option sales and use tax, is amended by adding a new part to read as follows:15
21-- 1 - 25 LC 50 1265S
22-"Part 416
23-48-8-109.25.17
24-(a) This part shall be known and may be cited as the 'Alternative Homestead Option Sales18
25-and Use Tax Act of 2025.'19
26-(b) As used in this part, the term:20
27-(1) 'Existing municipality' means a municipality created prior to January 1, 2026, lying21
28-wholly within or partially within a county.22
29-(2) 'Homestead' means homestead as defined and qualified in Code Section 48-5-40, with23
30-the additional qualification that it shall include only the primary residence and not more24
31-than five contiguous acres of land immediately surrounding such residence.25
32-(3) 'Qualified municipality' means a municipality created on or after January 1, 2026,26
33-lying wholly within or partially within a county.27
34-(c) It is the intent of the General Assembly that the proceeds of the alternative homestead28
35-option sales and use tax be distributed equitably to the counties and qualified municipalities29
36-such that the residents of a new incorporated municipality will continue to receive a benefit30
37-from that tax substantially equal to the benefit they would have received if the area covered31
38-by the municipality had not incorporated. The provisions of this part shall be liberally32
39-construed to effectuate such intent.33
40-48-8-109.26.34
41-(a) Pursuant to the authority granted by Article IX, Section II, Paragraph VI of the35
42-Constitution of this state, there are created within this state 159 special districts. The36
43-geographical boundary of each county shall correspond with and shall be conterminous37
44-with the geographical boundary of one of the 159 special districts.38
45-(b)(1) When the imposition of a local sales and use tax is authorized according to the39
46-procedures provided in this part within a special district, the county whose geographical40
47-- 2 - 25 LC 50 1265S
48-boundary is conterminous with that of the special district shall levy a local sales and use41
49-tax at the rate of 1 percent, except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection. Except42
50-as to rate, the local sales and use tax shall correspond to the tax imposed and administered43
51-by Article 1 of this chapter. No item or transaction which is not subject to taxation by44
52-Article 1 of this chapter shall be subject to the sales and use tax levied pursuant to this45
53-part, except that the sales and use tax provided for in this part shall be applicable to sales46
54-of motor fuels as prepaid local tax as such term is defined in Code Section 48-8-2 and47
55-shall be applicable to the sale of food and food ingredients and alcoholic beverages only48
56-to the extent provided for in paragraph (57) of Code Section 48-8-3.49
57-(2) Such sales and use tax levied on sales of motor fuels as defined in Code50
58-Section 48-9-2 shall be at the rate of 1 percent of the retail sales price of the motor fuel51
59-which is not more than $3.00 per gallon.52
60-(c) The proceeds of the sales and use tax levied and collected under this part shall be used53
61-only for the purposes of funding capital outlay projects and of funding services within a54
62-special district equal to the revenue lost to the homestead exemption as provided for in55
63-Code Section 48-8-109.27, and, in the event excess funds remain following the expenditure56
64-for such purposes, such excess funds shall be expended as provided in57
65-subparagraph (c)(2)(C) of Code Section 48-8-109.27.58
66-(d)(1) Such sales and use tax shall only be levied in a special district following the59
67-enactment of a local Act which provides for a homestead exemption of an amount to be60
68-determined from the amount of sales and use tax collected under this part. Such61
69-exemption shall commence with taxable years beginning on or after January 1 of the year62
70-immediately following the first complete calendar year in which the sales and use tax63
71-under this part is levied. Any such local Act shall incorporate by reference the terms and64
72-conditions specified under this part. Any such local Act shall not be subject to the65
73-provisions of Code Section 1-3-4.1. Any such homestead exemption under this part shall66
74-be in addition to and not in lieu of any other homestead exemption applicable to county67
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76-taxes for county purposes within the special district. Notwithstanding any provision of68
77-such local Act to the contrary, the referendum which shall otherwise be required to be69
78-conducted under such local Act shall only be conducted if the resolution required under70
79-this part is adopted prior to the issuance of the call for the referendum under the local Act71
80-by the election superintendent. If such ordinance is not adopted by that date, the72
81-referendum otherwise required to be conducted under the local Act shall not be73
82-conducted.74
83-(2) Such sales and use tax and the associated homestead exemption shall terminate ten75
84-years after the date such sales and use tax is first collected; provided, however, that76
85-nothing in this subsection shall prevent subsequent sales and use taxes or homestead77
86-exemptions from being adopted pursuant to this part in the same manner as provided in78
87-this part for the initial adoption of such sales and use tax and homestead exemption.79
88-(3) No sales and use tax shall be levied in a special district under this part in which a tax80
89-is levied and collected under Article 2 of this chapter.81
90-(e) Whenever the governing authority of any county whose geographical boundary is82
91-conterminous with that of the special district wishes to submit to the electors of the special83
92-district the question of whether the sales and use tax authorized by this part shall be84
93-imposed, any such governing authority shall notify the election superintendent of the85
94-county whose geographical boundary is conterminous with that of the special district by86
95-forwarding to the superintendent a copy of a resolution of the governing authority calling87
96-for a referendum election. Upon receipt of the resolution, it shall be the duty of the election88
97-superintendent to issue the call for an election for the purpose of submitting the question89
98-of the imposition of the sales and use tax to the voters of the special district for approval90
99-or rejection. The election superintendent shall issue the call and shall conduct the election91
100-on a date and in the manner authorized under Code Section 21-2-540. Such election shall92
101-only be conducted on the date of and in conjunction with a referendum provided for by93
102-local Act on the question of whether to impose a homestead exemption within such county94
103-- 4 - 25 LC 50 1265S
104-and based on the amount of proceeds from the sales and use tax levied and collected95
105-pursuant to this part. The election superintendent shall cause the date and purpose of the96
106-election to be published once a week for two weeks immediately preceding the date of the97
107-election in the official organ of such county. The ballot shall have written or printed98
108-thereon the following statement which shall precede the ballot question specified in this99
109-subsection and the ballot question specified by the required local Act:100
110-'NOTICE TO ELECTORS: Unless BOTH the alternative homestead exemption AND101
111-the retail homestead option sales and use tax are approved, then neither the exemption nor102
112-the sales and use tax shall become effective.'103
113-Such statement shall be followed by the following:104
114-'( ) YES105
115- 106
116-( ) NO107
117- 108
118- 109
119- 110
120-Shall a retail homestead option sales and use tax of 1 percent be levied
121-within the special district within _____________ County for the
122-purposes of funding capital outlay projects and of funding services to
123-replace revenue lost to an additional homestead exemption of up to
124-100 percent of the assessed value of homesteads from county taxes for
125-county purposes?'
126-Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, the statement, ballot question,111
127-and local Act ballot question referred to in this subsection shall precede any and all other112
128-ballot questions calling for the levy or imposition of any other sales and use tax which are113
129-to appear on the same ballot.114
130-(f) All persons desiring to vote in favor of levying the sales and use tax shall vote 'Yes,'115
131-and those persons opposed to levying the tax shall vote 'No.' If more than one-half of the116
132-votes cast are in favor of levying the tax and approving the local Act providing such117
133-homestead exemption, then the tax shall be levied in accordance with this part; otherwise,118
134-the sales and use tax may not be levied, and the question of the imposition of the sales and119
135-use tax may not again be submitted to the voters of the special district until after 24 months120
136-immediately following the month in which the election was held. It shall be the duty of the121
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138-election superintendent to hold and conduct such elections under the same rules and122
139-regulations as govern special elections. It shall be the superintendent's further duty to123
140-canvass the returns, declare the result of the election, and certify the result to the Secretary124
141-of State and to the commissioner. The expense of the election shall be borne by the county125
142-whose geographical boundary is conterminous with that of the special district holding the126
143-election.127
144-(g) If the imposition of the sales and use tax provided for in this part is approved in a128
145-referendum election as provided by subsections (e) and (f) of this Code section, the129
146-governing authority of the county whose geographical boundary is conterminous with that130
147-of the special district shall adopt a resolution within 30 days after county certification of131
148-the result of the election imposing the sales and use tax authorized by this part on behalf132
149-of the county whose geographical boundary is conterminous with that of the special133
150-district. The resolution shall be effective on the first day of the next succeeding calendar134
151-quarter which begins more than 50 days after the adoption of the resolution. With respect135
152-to services which are billed on a regular monthly basis, however, the resolution shall136
153-become effective with the first regular billing period coinciding with or following the137
154-otherwise effective date of the resolution. A certified copy of the resolution shall be138
155-forwarded to the commissioner so that it will be received within five days after its139
156-adoption.140
157-(h) Within 30 days of the conclusion of a year in which the sales and use tax provided for141
158-in this part is collected, the county shall post a report in a prominent place on its public142
159-website detailing how much money was collected in the past year by such sales and use tax,143
160-the value of homesteads reduced by such sales and use tax collections, and any other144
161-information that may be required by the commissioner in rules adopted pursuant to145
162-subsection (d) of Code Section 48-8-109.28. The county shall also deliver a copy of this146
163-report to each member of the General Assembly whose district includes any part of the147
164-county.148
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166-48-8-109.27.149
167-(a) The sales and use tax levied pursuant to this part shall be exclusively administered and150
168-collected by the commissioner for the use and benefit of each county whose geographical151
169-boundary is conterminous with that of a special district. Such administration and collection152
170-shall be accomplished in the same manner and subject to the same applicable provisions,153
171-procedures, and penalties provided in Article 1 of this chapter except that the sales and use154
172-tax provided in this part shall be applicable to sales of motor fuels as prepaid local tax as155
173-such term is defined in Code Section 48-8-2; provided, however, that all moneys collected156
174-from each taxpayer by the commissioner shall be applied first to such taxpayer's liability157
175-for taxes owed the state. Dealers shall be allowed a percentage of the amount of the sales158
176-and use tax due and accounted for and shall be reimbursed in the form of a deduction in159
177-submitting, reporting, and paying the amount due if such amount is not delinquent at the160
178-time of payment. The deduction shall be at the rate and subject to the requirements161
179-specified under subsections (b) through (f) of Code Section 48-8-50.162
180-(b) Each sales and use tax return remitting sales and use taxes collected under this part163
181-shall separately identify the location of each retail establishment at which any of the sales164
182-and use taxes remitted were collected and shall specify the amount of sales and the amount165
183-of taxes collected at each establishment for the period covered by the return in order to166
184-facilitate the determination by the commissioner that all sales and use taxes imposed by this167
185-part are collected and distributed according to situs of sale.168
186-(c) The proceeds of the sales and use tax collected by the commissioner in each special169
187-district under this part shall be disbursed as soon as practicable after collection as follows:170
188-(1) One percent of the amount collected shall be paid into the general fund of the state171
189-treasury in order to defray the costs of administration; and172
190-(2) Except for the percentage provided in paragraph (1) of this subsection, the remaining173
191-proceeds of the sales and use tax shall be distributed to the governing authority of the174
192-county whose geographical boundary is conterminous with that of the special district. As175
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194-a condition precedent for the authority to levy the sales and use tax or to collect any176
195-proceeds from the tax authorized by this part for the year following the first complete177
196-calendar year in which it is levied and for all subsequent years except the year following178
197-the year in which the sales and use tax is terminated, the county whose geographical179
198-boundary is conterminous with that of the special district shall, except as otherwise180
199-provided in subsection (c) of Code Section 48-8-109.26, expend such proceeds as181
200-follows:182
201-(A) A portion of such proceeds shall be expended for the purpose of funding capital183
202-outlay projects as follows:184
203-(i) Prior to the beginning of each calendar year, the governing authority of the county185
204-whose geographical boundary is conterminous with that of the special district shall186
205-establish the capital factor which shall not exceed 0.250;187
206-(ii) Capital outlay projects shall be funded in an amount equal to the product of the188
207-capital factor multiplied by the net amount of the sales and use tax proceeds collected189
208-under this part during the previous calendar year, and this amount shall be referred to190
209-as capital outlay proceeds;191
210-(iii) The total portion, if any, to be paid to existing municipalities from the capital192
211-outlay proceeds shall be determined as follows:193
212-(I) If the sales and use tax provided for in Part 1 of Article 3 of this chapter is194
213-currently levied and collected within such county, such portions shall be determined195
214-for each existing municipality by applying the percentage used for that196
215-municipality's portion of the proceeds of such sales and use tax received by such197
216-county from the commissioner in each month to the capital outlay portion of the198
217-proceeds of the sales and use tax provided for by this article received from the199
218-commissioner in the same month;200
219-(II) If a new municipality is incorporated within the county, such newly201
220-incorporated municipality shall receive a portion of each month's capital outlay202
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222-proceeds that is equal to the population of such municipality within such county as203
223-a percentage of the total population of the county, as such populations are204
224-determined based upon the most recently published decennial United States Census,205
225-and the portion of such capital outlay proceeds received by the county and the206
226-existing municipalities shall be reduced in proportion to their populations within207
227-such county; or208
228-(III) If the sales and use tax provided for in Part 1 of Article 3 of this chapter is not209
229-levied or collected within such county, the capital outlay portion of the sales and use210
230-tax provided for in this article shall be distributed to the municipalities located211
231-wholly or partially within the county based upon the populations of such212
232-municipalities that are located within the county as a percentage of the total213
233-population of such county, as such populations are determined based upon the most214
234-recently published decennial United States Census; and215
235-(iv) Capital outlay projects funded by this part undertaken by the county shall be216
236-limited to road improvement projects; provided, however, that nothing in this division217
237-shall limit the scope of capital outlay projects undertaken by a qualified municipality;218
238-(B) A portion of such proceeds shall be expended for the purpose of funding services219
239-within the special district equal to the revenue lost to the homestead exemption as220
240-provided for in this Code section as follows:221
241-(i) Within 30 days of the end of the calendar year, the governing authority of such222
242-county shall calculate the homestead factor for that period by multiplying the quantity223
243-1.000 minus the capital factor for that period, and then dividing by the taxes to be224
244-levied in the current tax year for county maintenance and operations on only that225
245-portion of the county's tax digest levied for maintenance and operations that226
246-represents net assessments on qualified homestead property after all other homestead227
247-exemptions have been applied, rounding the result to three decimal places;228
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249-(ii) If the homestead factor is less than or equal to 1.000, the amount of homestead229
250-exemption created for the current tax year under this part on qualified homestead230
251-property shall be equal to the product of the homestead factor multiplied times the net231
252-assessment of each qualified homestead remaining after all other homestead232
253-exemptions have been applied; and233
254-(iii) If the homestead factor is greater than 1.000, the homestead exemption created234
255-for the current tax year by this part on qualified homestead property shall be equal to235
256-the net assessment of each homestead remaining after all other homestead exemptions236
257-have been applied; and237
258-(C) If any of such proceeds remain following the distribution provided for in238
259-subparagraphs (A) and (B) of this paragraph:239
260-(i) The millage rate levied for county maintenance and operation purposes shall be240
261-rolled back in an amount equal to such excess divided by the net taxable digest for241
262-county purposes after deducting all homestead exemptions including the exemption242
263-under this part; and243
264-(ii) In the event the rollback created by division (i) of this subparagraph exceeds the244
265-millage rate for county maintenance and operation purposes, the governing authority245
266-of the county whose boundary is conterminous with the special district shall be246
267-authorized to expend the surplus funds for funding all or any portion of those services247
268-which are to be provided by such governing authorities pursuant to and in accordance248
269-with Article IX, Section II, Paragraph III of the Constitution of this state.249
270-(d) For illustration purposes, a hypothetical example of the calculation is provided as250
271-follows:251
272-First, calculate the homestead factor in accordance with252
273-division (c)(2)(B)(i) of this Code section as follows:253
274-(A) Capital factor certified by county as required by254
275-subsection (c) of this Code section........................255 0.15
276-- 10 - 25 LC 50 1265S
277-(B) Net amount of sales and use tax collected in the special256
278-district pursuant to this part for the previous calendar year.....257 $ 50 million
279-(C) Taxes levied for county purposes on only that portion of the258
280-county tax digest that represents net assessments on qualified259
281-homestead property after all other homestead exemptions have260
282-been applied..........................................261 $100 million
283-(D) Calculation of homestead factor using figures above =262
284-[(1-.0150)($50 million/$100 million)]......................263 0.425.
285-48-8-109.28.264
286-(a) Where a local sales or use tax has been paid with respect to tangible personal property265
287-by the purchaser either in another local tax jurisdiction within this state or in a tax266
288-jurisdiction outside this state, the sales and use tax may be credited against the sales and267
289-use tax authorized to be imposed by this part upon the same property. If the amount of268
290-sales or use tax so paid is less than the amount of the use tax due under this part, the269
291-purchaser shall pay an amount equal to the difference between the amount paid in the other270
292-tax jurisdiction and the amount due under this part. The commissioner may require such271
293-proof of payment in another local tax jurisdiction as the commissioner deems necessary and272
294-proper. No credit shall be granted, however, against the sales and use tax imposed under273
295-this part for tax paid in another jurisdiction if the sales and use tax paid in such other274
296-jurisdiction is used to obtain a credit against any other local sales and use tax levied in the275
297-special district or in the county which is conterminous with the special district; and sales276
298-and use taxes so paid in another jurisdiction shall be credited first against the sales and use277
299-tax levied under this part and then against the sales and use tax levied under Article 3 of278
300-this chapter, if applicable.279
301-(b) No sales and use tax provided for in Code Section 48-8-109.26 shall be imposed upon280
302-the sale of tangible personal property which is ordered by and delivered to the purchaser281
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304-at a point outside the geographical area of the special district in which the sales and use tax282
305-is imposed under this part regardless of the point at which title passes, if the delivery is283
306-made by the seller's vehicle, United States mail, or common carrier or by private or contract284
307-carrier licensed by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration or the Georgia285
308-Department of Public Safety.286
309-(c)(1) As used in this subsection, the term 'building and construction materials' means287
310-all building and construction materials, supplies, fixtures, or equipment, any combination288
311-of such items, and any other leased or purchased articles when the materials, supplies,289
312-fixtures, equipment, or articles are to be utilized or consumed during construction or are290
313-to be incorporated into construction work pursuant to a bona fide written construction291
314-contract.292
315-(2) No sales and use tax provided for in Code Section 48-8-109.26 shall be imposed in293
316-a special district upon the sale or use of building and construction materials when the294
317-contract pursuant to which the materials are purchased or used was advertised for bid295
318-prior to approval of the levy of the sales and use tax by the county whose geographical296
319-boundary is conterminous with that of the special district and the contract was entered297
320-into as a result of a bid actually submitted in response to the advertisement prior to298
321-approval of the levy of the sales and use tax.299
322-(d) The commissioner shall have the power and authority to promulgate such rules and300
323-regulations as shall be necessary for the effective and efficient administration and301
324-enforcement of the collection of the sales and use tax authorized to be imposed by this302
325-part."303
326-SECTION 2.304
327-Code Section 48-5C-1 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to alternative ad305
328-valorem taxation of motor vehicles and title ad valorem tax fee, is amended in subsection (b)306
329-by repealing paragraph (7.1) and by adding a new paragraph to read as follows:307
330-- 12 - 25 LC 50 1265S
331-"(19)(A) As used in this paragraph, the term:308
332-(i) 'For-hire charter bus or motor coach' means a motor vehicle designed for carrying309
333-more than 15 passengers and used for the transportation of persons for compensation.310
334-(ii) 'Special modified rental vehicle' means a motor vehicle that has been significantly311
335-modified at a manufacturing facility in this state, provided that:312
336-(I) Such manufacturing facility is operated by the owner of such motor vehicle;313
337-(II) Such owner primarily uses such motor vehicle by renting or leasing it without314
338-a driver to businesses;315
339-(III) Such rental or lease transactions are subject to Georgia state and local sales316
340-and use taxes; and317
341-(IV) Such owner provides the department with an affidavit affirming that the318
342-vehicle has been significantly modified and that the other qualifications of this319
343-definition have been met for such vehicle.320
344-(B) In the case of for-hire charter buses or motor coaches or special modified rental321
345-vehicles, the person applying for a certificate of title shall be required to pay title ad322
346-valorem tax fees in the amount of 50 percent of the amount which would otherwise be323
347-due and payable under this subsection at the time of filing the application for a324
348-certificate of title, and the remaining 50 percent shall be paid within 12 months325
349-following the filing of such application."326
350-SECTION 3.327
351-All laws and parts of laws in conflict with this Act are repealed.328
352-- 13 -
10+To amend Chapter 5C of Title 48 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to title
11+1
12+ad valorem tax on motor vehicles, so as to provide for an alternative method for payment of2
13+such ad valorem tax for certain modified rental vehicles; to provide for definitions; to provide3
14+for related matters; to repeal conflicting laws; and for other purposes.4
15+BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF GEORGIA:5
16+SECTION 1.6
17+Chapter 5C of Title 48 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to title ad valorem7
18+tax on motor vehicles, is amended in subsection (d) of Code Section 48-5C-1, relating to8
19+alternative ad valorem taxation of motor vehicles and title ad valorem tax fee, by repealing9
20+paragraph (7.1) and adding a new paragraph to read as follows:10
21+"(19)(A) As used in this paragraph, the term:
22+11
23+(i) 'For-hire charter bus or motor coach' means a motor vehicle designed for carrying12
24+more than 15 passengers and used for the transportation of persons for compensation.13
25+(ii) 'Special modified rental vehicle' means a motor vehicle that has been significantly14
26+modified at a manufacturing facility in this state, provided that:15
27+(I) Such manufacturing facility is operated by the owner of such motor vehicle;16
28+H. B. 66 (SUB)
29+- 1 - 25 LC 50 1146S
30+(II) Such owner primarily uses such motor vehicle by renting or leasing it without17
31+a driver to businesses; and18
32+(III) Such rental or lease transactions are subject to Georgia state and local sales19
33+and use taxes.20
34+(B) In the case of for-hire charter buses or motor coaches or special modified rental21
35+vehicles, the person applying for a certificate of title shall be required to pay title ad22
36+valorem tax fees in the amount of 50 percent of the amount which would otherwise be23
37+due and payable under this subsection at the time of filing the application for a24
38+certificate of title, and the remaining 50 percent shall be paid within 12 months25
39+following the filing of such application."26
40+SECTION 2.27
41+All laws and parts of laws in conflict with this Act are repealed.28
42+H. B. 66 (SUB)
43+- 2 -