Hawaii 2022 Regular Session

Hawaii Senate Bill SB680 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.

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1	1	THE SENATE S.B. NO. 680 THIRTY-FIRST LEGISLATURE, 2021 STATE OF HAWAII A BILL FOR AN ACT relating to violation of privacy. BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF HAWAII:
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3	3	THE SENATE S.B. NO. 680
4	4	THIRTY-FIRST LEGISLATURE, 2021
5	5	STATE OF HAWAII
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7	7	THE SENATE
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9	9	S.B. NO.
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11	11	680
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13	13	THIRTY-FIRST LEGISLATURE, 2021
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17	17	STATE OF HAWAII
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31	31	A BILL FOR AN ACT
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37	37	relating to violation of privacy.
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43	43	BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF HAWAII:
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47	47	SECTION 1. The legislature finds that Hawaii's existing penal code does not adequately address situations in which unmanned aircraft systems, also known as drones, may be utilized for unauthorized surveillance purposes. The legislature further finds that the proliferation and accessibility of unmanned aircraft systems in the State have created concerns about a person's right to privacy in the person's own home. The purpose of this Act is to subject the use of drones for unauthorized surveillance to criminal penalties under the offenses for violations of privacy. SECTION 2. Section 711-1110.9, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended to read as follows: "§711-1110.9 Violation of privacy in the first degree. (1) A person commits the offense of violation of privacy in the first degree if, except in the execution of a public duty or as authorized by law: (a) The person intentionally or knowingly installs or uses, or both, in any private place, without consent of the person or persons entitled to privacy therein, any device for observing, recording, amplifying, or broadcasting another person in a [stage] state of undress or sexual activity in that place; [or] (b) The person knowingly discloses or threatens to disclose an image or video of another identifiable person either in the nude, as defined in section 712-1210, or engaging in sexual conduct, as defined in section 712-1210, without the consent of the depicted person, with intent to harm substantially the depicted person with respect to that person's health, safety, business, calling, career, education, financial condition, reputation, or personal relationships or as an act of revenge or retribution; provided that: (i) This paragraph shall not apply to images or videos of the depicted person made: (A) When the person was voluntarily nude in public or voluntarily engaging in sexual conduct in public; or (B) Pursuant to a voluntary commercial transaction; and (ii) Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to impose liability on a provider of "electronic communication service" or "remote computing service" as those terms are defined in section 803-41, for an image or video disclosed through the electronic communication service or remote computing service by another person[.]; or (c) The person intentionally or knowingly uses any unmanned aircraft system to observe, record, amplify, or broadcast another person in a state of undress or sexual activity in any private place, without the consent of the person entitled to privacy therein. (2) Violation of privacy in the first degree is a class C felony. In addition to any penalties the court may impose, the court may order the destruction of any recording made in violation of this section. (3) Any recording or image made or disclosed in violation of this section and not destroyed pursuant to subsection (2) shall be sealed and remain confidential. (4) For purposes of this section: "Aircraft" means any contrivance used or designed for navigation of or flight in the air. "Unmanned aircraft" means an aircraft operated without the possibility of direct human intervention from within or on the aircraft. "Unmanned aircraft system" means an unmanned aircraft and its associated elements, including communication links and the components that control the unmanned aircraft, that are required to operate the unmanned aircraft." SECTION 3. Section 711-1111, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended as follows: 1. By amending subsection (1) to read: "(1) A person commits the offense of violation of privacy in the second degree if, except in the execution of a public duty or as authorized by law, the person intentionally: (a) Trespasses on property for the purpose of subjecting anyone to eavesdropping or other surveillance in a private place; (b) Peers or peeps into a window or other opening of a dwelling or other structure adapted for sojourn or overnight accommodations for the purpose of spying on the occupant thereof or invading the privacy of another person with a lewd or unlawful purpose, under circumstances in which a reasonable person in the dwelling or other structure would not expect to be observed; (c) Trespasses on property for the sexual gratification of the actor; (d) Installs or uses, or both, in any private place, without consent of the person or persons entitled to privacy therein, any means or device for observing, recording, amplifying, or broadcasting sounds or events in that place other than another person in a [stage] state of undress or sexual activity; provided that this paragraph shall not prohibit a person from making a video or audio recording or taking a photograph of a law enforcement officer while the officer is in the performance of the officer's duties in a public place or under circumstances in which the officer has no reasonable expectation of privacy and the person is not interfering with the officer's ability to maintain safety and control, secure crime scenes and accident sites, protect the integrity and confidentiality of investigations, and protect the public safety and order; (e) Installs or uses outside a private place any device for hearing, recording, amplifying, or broadcasting sounds originating in that place which would not ordinarily be audible or comprehensible outside, without the consent of the person or persons entitled to privacy therein; (f) Covertly records or broadcasts an image of another person's intimate area underneath clothing, by use of any device, and that image is taken while that person is in a public place and without that person's consent; (g) Intercepts, without the consent of the sender or receiver, a message or photographic image by telephone, telegraph, letter, electronic transmission, or other means of communicating privately; but this paragraph does not apply to: (i) Overhearing of messages through a regularly installed instrument on a telephone party line or an extension; or (ii) Interception by the telephone company, electronic mail account provider, or telephone or electronic mail subscriber incident to enforcement of regulations limiting use of the facilities or incident to other operation and use; (h) Divulges, without the consent of the sender or the receiver, the existence or contents of any message or photographic image by telephone, telegraph, letter, electronic transmission, or other means of communicating privately, if the accused knows that the message or photographic image was unlawfully intercepted or if the accused learned of the message or photographic image in the course of employment with an agency engaged in transmitting it; [or] (i) Knowingly possesses materials created under circumstances prohibited in section 711-1110.9[.]; or (j) Uses any unmanned aircraft system to observe, record, amplify, or broadcast sounds or events occurring in any private place, other than a person in a state of undress or sexual activity, without the consent of the person entitled to privacy therein." 2. By amending subsection (3) to read: "(3) For the purposes of this section: "Aircraft" means any contrivance used or designed for navigation of or flight in the air. "Intimate areas" means any portion of a person's underwear, pubic area, anus, buttocks, vulva, genitals, or female breast. "Intimate areas underneath clothing" does not include intimate areas visible through a person's clothing or intimate areas exposed in public. "Public place" means an area generally open to the public, regardless of whether it is privately owned, and includes but is not limited to streets, sidewalks, bridges, alleys, plazas, parks, driveways, parking lots, buses, tunnels, buildings, stores, and restaurants. "Unmanned aircraft" means an aircraft operated without the possibility of direct human intervention from within or on the aircraft. "Unmanned aircraft system" means an unmanned aircraft and its associated elements, including communication links and the components that control the unmanned aircraft, that are required to operate the unmanned aircraft." SECTION 4. This Act does not affect rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun before its effective date. SECTION 5. Statutory material to be repealed is bracketed and stricken. New statutory material is underscored. SECTION 6. This Act shall take effect upon its approval. INTRODUCED BY: _____________________________
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49	49	SECTION 1. The legislature finds that Hawaii's existing penal code does not adequately address situations in which unmanned aircraft systems, also known as drones, may be utilized for unauthorized surveillance purposes. The legislature further finds that the proliferation and accessibility of unmanned aircraft systems in the State have created concerns about a person's right to privacy in the person's own home.
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51	51	The purpose of this Act is to subject the use of drones for unauthorized surveillance to criminal penalties under the offenses for violations of privacy.
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53	53	SECTION 2. Section 711-1110.9, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended to read as follows:
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55	55	"§711-1110.9 Violation of privacy in the first degree. (1) A person commits the offense of violation of privacy in the first degree if, except in the execution of a public duty or as authorized by law:
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57	57	(a) The person intentionally or knowingly installs or uses, or both, in any private place, without consent of the person or persons entitled to privacy therein, any device for observing, recording, amplifying, or broadcasting another person in a [stage] state of undress or sexual activity in that place; [or]
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59	59	(b) The person knowingly discloses or threatens to disclose an image or video of another identifiable person either in the nude, as defined in section 712-1210, or engaging in sexual conduct, as defined in section 712-1210, without the consent of the depicted person, with intent to harm substantially the depicted person with respect to that person's health, safety, business, calling, career, education, financial condition, reputation, or personal relationships or as an act of revenge or retribution; provided that:
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61	61	(i) This paragraph shall not apply to images or videos of the depicted person made:
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63	63	(A) When the person was voluntarily nude in public or voluntarily engaging in sexual conduct in public; or
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65	65	(B) Pursuant to a voluntary commercial transaction; and
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67	67	(ii) Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to impose liability on a provider of "electronic communication service" or "remote computing service" as those terms are defined in section 803-41, for an image or video disclosed through the electronic communication service or remote computing service by another person[.]; or
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69	69	(c) The person intentionally or knowingly uses any unmanned aircraft system to observe, record, amplify, or broadcast another person in a state of undress or sexual activity in any private place, without the consent of the person entitled to privacy therein.
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71	71	(2) Violation of privacy in the first degree is a class C felony. In addition to any penalties the court may impose, the court may order the destruction of any recording made in violation of this section.
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73	73	(3) Any recording or image made or disclosed in violation of this section and not destroyed pursuant to subsection (2) shall be sealed and remain confidential.
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75	75	(4) For purposes of this section:
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77	77	"Aircraft" means any contrivance used or designed for navigation of or flight in the air.
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79	79	"Unmanned aircraft" means an aircraft operated without the possibility of direct human intervention from within or on the aircraft.
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81	81	"Unmanned aircraft system" means an unmanned aircraft and its associated elements, including communication links and the components that control the unmanned aircraft, that are required to operate the unmanned aircraft."
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83	83	SECTION 3. Section 711-1111, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended as follows:
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85	85	1. By amending subsection (1) to read:
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87	87	"(1) A person commits the offense of violation of privacy in the second degree if, except in the execution of a public duty or as authorized by law, the person intentionally:
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89	89	(a) Trespasses on property for the purpose of subjecting anyone to eavesdropping or other surveillance in a private place;
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91	91	(b) Peers or peeps into a window or other opening of a dwelling or other structure adapted for sojourn or overnight accommodations for the purpose of spying on the occupant thereof or invading the privacy of another person with a lewd or unlawful purpose, under circumstances in which a reasonable person in the dwelling or other structure would not expect to be observed;
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93	93	(c) Trespasses on property for the sexual gratification of the actor;
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95	95	(d) Installs or uses, or both, in any private place, without consent of the person or persons entitled to privacy therein, any means or device for observing, recording, amplifying, or broadcasting sounds or events in that place other than another person in a [stage] state of undress or sexual activity; provided that this paragraph shall not prohibit a person from making a video or audio recording or taking a photograph of a law enforcement officer while the officer is in the performance of the officer's duties in a public place or under circumstances in which the officer has no reasonable expectation of privacy and the person is not interfering with the officer's ability to maintain safety and control, secure crime scenes and accident sites, protect the integrity and confidentiality of investigations, and protect the public safety and order;
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97	97	(e) Installs or uses outside a private place any device for hearing, recording, amplifying, or broadcasting sounds originating in that place which would not ordinarily be audible or comprehensible outside, without the consent of the person or persons entitled to privacy therein;
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99	99	(f) Covertly records or broadcasts an image of another person's intimate area underneath clothing, by use of any device, and that image is taken while that person is in a public place and without that person's consent;
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101	101	(g) Intercepts, without the consent of the sender or receiver, a message or photographic image by telephone, telegraph, letter, electronic transmission, or other means of communicating privately; but this paragraph does not apply to:
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103	103	(i) Overhearing of messages through a regularly installed instrument on a telephone party line or an extension; or
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105	105	(ii) Interception by the telephone company, electronic mail account provider, or telephone or electronic mail subscriber incident to enforcement of regulations limiting use of the facilities or incident to other operation and use;
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107	107	(h) Divulges, without the consent of the sender or the receiver, the existence or contents of any message or photographic image by telephone, telegraph, letter, electronic transmission, or other means of communicating privately, if the accused knows that the message or photographic image was unlawfully intercepted or if the accused learned of the message or photographic image in the course of employment with an agency engaged in transmitting it; [or]
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109	109	(i) Knowingly possesses materials created under circumstances prohibited in section 711-1110.9[.]; or
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111	111	(j) Uses any unmanned aircraft system to observe, record, amplify, or broadcast sounds or events occurring in any private place, other than a person in a state of undress or sexual activity, without the consent of the person entitled to privacy therein."
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113	113	2. By amending subsection (3) to read:
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115	115	"(3) For the purposes of this section:
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117	117	"Aircraft" means any contrivance used or designed for navigation of or flight in the air.
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119	119	"Intimate areas" means any portion of a person's underwear, pubic area, anus, buttocks, vulva, genitals, or female breast.
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121	121	"Intimate areas underneath clothing" does not include intimate areas visible through a person's clothing or intimate areas exposed in public.
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123	123	"Public place" means an area generally open to the public, regardless of whether it is privately owned, and includes but is not limited to streets, sidewalks, bridges, alleys, plazas, parks, driveways, parking lots, buses, tunnels, buildings, stores, and restaurants.
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125	125	"Unmanned aircraft" means an aircraft operated without the possibility of direct human intervention from within or on the aircraft.
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127	127	"Unmanned aircraft system" means an unmanned aircraft and its associated elements, including communication links and the components that control the unmanned aircraft, that are required to operate the unmanned aircraft."
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129	129	SECTION 4. This Act does not affect rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun before its effective date.
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131	131	SECTION 5. Statutory material to be repealed is bracketed and stricken. New statutory material is underscored.
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133	133	SECTION 6. This Act shall take effect upon its approval.
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137	137	INTRODUCED BY: _____________________________
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139	139	INTRODUCED BY:
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147	147	Report Title: Violation of Privacy; Unmanned Aircraft Systems; Drones Description: Adds the improper use of unmanned aircraft systems to the criminal offenses of violation of privacy in the first degree and violation of privacy in the second degree. The summary description of legislation appearing on this page is for informational purposes only and is not legislation or evidence of legislative intent.
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153	153	Report Title:
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155	155	Violation of Privacy; Unmanned Aircraft Systems; Drones
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159	159	Description:
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161	161	Adds the improper use of unmanned aircraft systems to the criminal offenses of violation of privacy in the first degree and violation of privacy in the second degree.
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169	169	The summary description of legislation appearing on this page is for informational purposes only and is not legislation or evidence of legislative intent.