Hawaii 2023 Regular Session

Hawaii Senate Bill SB1526 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.

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1	1	THE SENATE S.B. NO. 1526 THIRTY-SECOND LEGISLATURE, 2023 STATE OF HAWAII A BILL FOR AN ACT relating to reproductive health care. BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF HAWAII:
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3	3	THE SENATE S.B. NO. 1526
4	4	THIRTY-SECOND LEGISLATURE, 2023
5	5	STATE OF HAWAII
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7	7	THE SENATE
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9	9	S.B. NO.
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11	11	1526
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13	13	THIRTY-SECOND LEGISLATURE, 2023
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17	17	STATE OF HAWAII
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31	31	A BILL FOR AN ACT
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37	37	relating to reproductive health care.
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43	43	BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF HAWAII:
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47	47	SECTION 1. The legislature finds that Hawaii has a long tradition of protecting a person's right to privacy and bodily autonomy independently of, and more broadly than, the federal constitution. In 1970, Hawaii became the first state in the nation to decriminalize abortion with the enactment of Act 1, Session Laws of Hawaii 1970. In 1978, the Hawaii state constitutional convention proposed, and the electorate approved, an amendment to explicitly codify the right to privacy in article I, section 6 of the Hawaii State Constitution. Article I, section 6 of the Hawaii constitution requires the legislature to take "affirmative steps" to implement the right to privacy. The legislature took affirmative steps in 2006 by enacting Act 35, Session Laws of Hawaii 2006 (Act 35), which established that the State shall not deny or interfere with a pregnant person's right to choose or obtain an abortion of a nonviable fetus, or an abortion that is necessary to protect a pregnant person's life or health. Act 35 also repealed the outdated requirement that a person who seeks an abortion in the State must be a Hawaii resident for at least ninety days. The legislature recognizes that, despite these protections, ongoing developments in the legal landscape threaten the State's policy of protecting a person's right to exercise privacy and personal autonomy within the State's boundaries. In June 2022, the United States Supreme Court held in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, 142 S.Ct. 2228 (2022), that the United States Constitution does not confer a federal right to an abortion. Dobbs overruled Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973), and Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey, 505 U.S. 833 (1992), and overturned almost fifty years of federal precedent regarding reproductive rights. As a result of the Dobbs decision, many states have either banned or severely restricted access to abortion. It is the policy of this State that the rights of equality, liberty, and privacy guaranteed under article I, sections 3, 5, and 6 of the Hawaii State Constitution are fundamental rights and include each person's fundamental right to make reproductive health care decisions about the person's own body and the right to decide whether to bear a child or obtain an abortion. The legislature finds that, while Hawaii offers some of the country's broadest protections for abortion rights, state law still contains archaic provisions that threaten criminal punishment for some health care providers who are engaging in safe and basic health care. According to available sources, no health care provider has ever been charged under these outdated statutes. The legislature also intends to provide clarity by ensuring statutory consistency across state abortion statutes. In 2021, Act 3, Session Laws of Hawaii 2021, was enacted to allow advanced practice registered nurses to provide medication and aspiration abortion care. Statutory consistency between the chapters that address physicians and nurses will leave no doubt that the intent of the legislature is to ensure that advanced practice registered nurses may legally provide abortion care. Accordingly, the purpose of this Act is to strengthen and protect inclusive access to abortion and the full range of sexual and reproductive health care by clarifying existing law. PART I SECTION 2. Section 453-16, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended to read as follows: "§453-16 Intentional termination of pregnancy; [penalties;] patient rights; refusal to perform. (a) [No abortion shall be performed in this State unless: (1) The abortion is performed by a] A licensed physician or surgeon[,] or [by a] licensed osteopathic physician and surgeon[; and (2) The abortion is performed in a hospital licensed by the department of health or operated by the federal government or an agency thereof, or in a clinic or physician's or osteopathic physician's office. (b) Abortion shall mean an operation to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a nonviable fetus. The termination of a pregnancy of a viable fetus is not included in this section. (c)] may provide abortion care. (b) Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, a patient has the right to choose to obtain an abortion, or to terminate a pregnancy if the termination is necessary to protect the life or health of the patient. The State shall not deny or interfere with [a female's right to choose or obtain an abortion of a nonviable fetus or an abortion that is necessary to protect the life or health of the female. (d) Any person who knowingly violates subsection (a) shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both. (e)] these rights. (c) Nothing in this section shall require any hospital or any person to participate in an abortion nor shall any hospital or any person be liable for a refusal. (d) For purposes of this section: "Abortion" means an intentional termination of the pregnancy of a nonviable fetus. "Nonviable fetus" means a fetus that does not have a reasonable likelihood of sustained survival outside of the uterus." SECTION 3. Section 457-8.7, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended to read as follows: "[[]§457-8.7[]] Advanced practice registered nurses; abortions by medication or aspiration; [penalties;] patient rights; refusal to perform. (a) Notwithstanding section 453-16 or any other law to the contrary, an advanced practice registered nurse may provide medication or aspiration abortion care in the first trimester of pregnancy, so long as the advanced practice registered nurse: (1) Has prescriptive authority; (2) Practices within the advanced practice registered nurse's practice specialty; and (3) Has a valid, unencumbered license obtained in accordance with this chapter[; and (4) The aspiration abortion is performed in a hospital licensed by the department of health or operated by the federal government or an agency thereof, or in a clinic or advance practice registered nurse's office]. [(b) Abortion shall mean an intentional termination of the pregnancy of a nonviable fetus. The termination of a pregnancy of a viable fetus is not included in this section. (c)] (b) Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, a patient has the right to choose to obtain an abortion, or to terminate a pregnancy if the termination is necessary to protect the life or health of the patient. The State shall not deny or interfere with [a female's right to choose or obtain an abortion of a nonviable fetus or an abortion that is necessary to protect the life or health of the female. (d) Any person who knowingly violates subsection (a) shall be fined no more than $1,000 or imprisoned no more than five years, or both. (e)] these rights. (c) Nothing in this section shall require any hospital or any person to participate in an abortion, nor shall any hospital or any person be liable for a refusal. (d) For purposes of this section, "abortion" has the same meaning as defined in section 453-16." PART II SECTION 4. Section 577A-1, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended to read as follows: "§577A-1 Definitions. For the purpose of this chapter, the following terms shall be defined as follows: "Family planning services" includes counseling and medical care designed to facilitate family planning. "Medical care and services" means services related to the diagnosis, examination, and administration of medication [in] for the treatment and prevention of [venereal diseases,] sexually transmitted infections; pregnancy[,]; and family planning services. [It shall not include surgery or any treatment to induce abortion.] "Minor" [shall be] means any person [from the age of fourteen to seventeen inclusive.] under the age of eighteen. "Sexually transmitted infection" means an infection that is commonly transmitted through sexual contact, including but not limited to human immunodeficiency virus infection." PART III SECTION 5. If any provision of this Act, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance, is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of the Act that can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this Act are severable. SECTION 6. This Act does not affect rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun before its effective date. SECTION 7. Statutory material to be repealed is bracketed and stricken. New statutory material is underscored. SECTION 8. This Act shall take effect upon its approval. INTRODUCED BY: _____________________________
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49	49	SECTION 1. The legislature finds that Hawaii has a long tradition of protecting a person's right to privacy and bodily autonomy independently of, and more broadly than, the federal constitution. In 1970, Hawaii became the first state in the nation to decriminalize abortion with the enactment of Act 1, Session Laws of Hawaii 1970. In 1978, the Hawaii state constitutional convention proposed, and the electorate approved, an amendment to explicitly codify the right to privacy in article I, section 6 of the Hawaii State Constitution. Article I, section 6 of the Hawaii constitution requires the legislature to take "affirmative steps" to implement the right to privacy. The legislature took affirmative steps in 2006 by enacting Act 35, Session Laws of Hawaii 2006 (Act 35), which established that the State shall not deny or interfere with a pregnant person's right to choose or obtain an abortion of a nonviable fetus, or an abortion that is necessary to protect a pregnant person's life or health. Act 35 also repealed the outdated requirement that a person who seeks an abortion in the State must be a Hawaii resident for at least ninety days.
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51	51	The legislature recognizes that, despite these protections, ongoing developments in the legal landscape threaten the State's policy of protecting a person's right to exercise privacy and personal autonomy within the State's boundaries. In June 2022, the United States Supreme Court held in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, 142 S.Ct. 2228 (2022), that the United States Constitution does not confer a federal right to an abortion. Dobbs overruled Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973), and Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey, 505 U.S. 833 (1992), and overturned almost fifty years of federal precedent regarding reproductive rights. As a result of the Dobbs decision, many states have either banned or severely restricted access to abortion.
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53	53	It is the policy of this State that the rights of equality, liberty, and privacy guaranteed under article I, sections 3, 5, and 6 of the Hawaii State Constitution are fundamental rights and include each person's fundamental right to make reproductive health care decisions about the person's own body and the right to decide whether to bear a child or obtain an abortion.
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55	55	The legislature finds that, while Hawaii offers some of the country's broadest protections for abortion rights, state law still contains archaic provisions that threaten criminal punishment for some health care providers who are engaging in safe and basic health care. According to available sources, no health care provider has ever been charged under these outdated statutes. The legislature also intends to provide clarity by ensuring statutory consistency across state abortion statutes. In 2021, Act 3, Session Laws of Hawaii 2021, was enacted to allow advanced practice registered nurses to provide medication and aspiration abortion care. Statutory consistency between the chapters that address physicians and nurses will leave no doubt that the intent of the legislature is to ensure that advanced practice registered nurses may legally provide abortion care.
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57	57	Accordingly, the purpose of this Act is to strengthen and protect inclusive access to abortion and the full range of sexual and reproductive health care by clarifying existing law.
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59	59	PART I
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61	61	SECTION 2. Section 453-16, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended to read as follows:
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63	63	"§453-16 Intentional termination of pregnancy; [penalties;] patient rights; refusal to perform. (a) [No abortion shall be performed in this State unless:
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65	65	(1) The abortion is performed by a] A licensed physician or surgeon[,] or [by a] licensed osteopathic physician and surgeon[; and
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67	67	(2) The abortion is performed in a hospital licensed by the department of health or operated by the federal government or an agency thereof, or in a clinic or physician's or osteopathic physician's office.
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69	69	(b) Abortion shall mean an operation to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a nonviable fetus. The termination of a pregnancy of a viable fetus is not included in this section.
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71	71	(c)] may provide abortion care.
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73	73	(b) Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, a patient has the right to choose to obtain an abortion, or to terminate a pregnancy if the termination is necessary to protect the life or health of the patient. The State shall not deny or interfere with [a female's right to choose or obtain an abortion of a nonviable fetus or an abortion that is necessary to protect the life or health of the female.
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75	75	(d) Any person who knowingly violates subsection (a) shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both.
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77	77	(e)] these rights.
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79	79	(c) Nothing in this section shall require any hospital or any person to participate in an abortion nor shall any hospital or any person be liable for a refusal.
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81	81	(d) For purposes of this section:
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83	83	"Abortion" means an intentional termination of the pregnancy of a nonviable fetus.
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85	85	"Nonviable fetus" means a fetus that does not have a reasonable likelihood of sustained survival outside of the uterus."
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87	87	SECTION 3. Section 457-8.7, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended to read as follows:
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89	89	"[[]§457-8.7[]] Advanced practice registered nurses; abortions by medication or aspiration; [penalties;] patient rights; refusal to perform. (a) Notwithstanding section 453-16 or any other law to the contrary, an advanced practice registered nurse may provide medication or aspiration abortion care in the first trimester of pregnancy, so long as the advanced practice registered nurse:
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91	91	(1) Has prescriptive authority;
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93	93	(2) Practices within the advanced practice registered nurse's practice specialty; and
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95	95	(3) Has a valid, unencumbered license obtained in accordance with this chapter[; and
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97	97	(4) The aspiration abortion is performed in a hospital licensed by the department of health or operated by the federal government or an agency thereof, or in a clinic or advance practice registered nurse's office].
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99	99	[(b) Abortion shall mean an intentional termination of the pregnancy of a nonviable fetus. The termination of a pregnancy of a viable fetus is not included in this section.
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101	101	(c)] (b) Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, a patient has the right to choose to obtain an abortion, or to terminate a pregnancy if the termination is necessary to protect the life or health of the patient. The State shall not deny or interfere with [a female's right to choose or obtain an abortion of a nonviable fetus or an abortion that is necessary to protect the life or health of the female.
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103	103	(d) Any person who knowingly violates subsection (a) shall be fined no more than $1,000 or imprisoned no more than five years, or both.
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105	105	(e)] these rights.
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107	107	(c) Nothing in this section shall require any hospital or any person to participate in an abortion, nor shall any hospital or any person be liable for a refusal.
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109	109	(d) For purposes of this section, "abortion" has the same meaning as defined in section 453-16."
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111	111	PART II
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113	113	SECTION 4. Section 577A-1, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended to read as follows:
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115	115	"§577A-1 Definitions. For the purpose of this chapter, the following terms shall be defined as follows:
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117	117	"Family planning services" includes counseling and medical care designed to facilitate family planning.
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119	119	"Medical care and services" means services related to the diagnosis, examination, and administration of medication [in] for the treatment and prevention of [venereal diseases,] sexually transmitted infections; pregnancy[,]; and family planning services. [It shall not include surgery or any treatment to induce abortion.]
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121	121	"Minor" [shall be] means any person [from the age of fourteen to seventeen inclusive.] under the age of eighteen.
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123	123	"Sexually transmitted infection" means an infection that is commonly transmitted through sexual contact, including but not limited to human immunodeficiency virus infection."
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125	125	PART III
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127	127	SECTION 5. If any provision of this Act, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance, is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of the Act that can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this Act are severable.
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129	129	SECTION 6. This Act does not affect rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun before its effective date.
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131	131	SECTION 7. Statutory material to be repealed is bracketed and stricken. New statutory material is underscored.
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133	133	SECTION 8. This Act shall take effect upon its approval.
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137	137	INTRODUCED BY: _____________________________
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139	139	INTRODUCED BY:
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147	147	Report Title: Reproductive Health Care Services Description: Explicitly provides that a patient has a right to choose to obtain an abortion, or terminate a pregnancy if the termination is necessary to protect the patient's life or health. Repeals criminal penalties for violations of certain abortion provisions. Clarifies which health care providers may provide abortion care. The summary description of legislation appearing on this page is for informational purposes only and is not legislation or evidence of legislative intent.
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153	153	Report Title:
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155	155	Reproductive Health Care Services
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159	159	Description:
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161	161	Explicitly provides that a patient has a right to choose to obtain an abortion, or terminate a pregnancy if the termination is necessary to protect the patient's life or health. Repeals criminal penalties for violations of certain abortion provisions. Clarifies which health care providers may provide abortion care.
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165	165	The summary description of legislation appearing on this page is for informational purposes only and is not legislation or evidence of legislative intent.