Illinois 2023-2024 Regular Session

Illinois House Bill HB5323 Latest Draft

Bill / Introduced Version Filed 02/09/2024

                            103RD GENERAL ASSEMBLY State of Illinois 2023 and 2024 HB5323 Introduced , by Rep. Marcus C. Evans, Jr. SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED: 415 ILCS 5/9.15 Amends the Environmental Protection Act. Provides, in a provision concerning the regulation of greenhouse gases, that a specific greenhouse gas emission limit does not apply to black start facilities. Defines "black start facility". LRB103 38672 BDA 68809 b   A BILL FOR 103RD GENERAL ASSEMBLY State of Illinois 2023 and 2024 HB5323 Introduced , by Rep. Marcus C. Evans, Jr. SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:  415 ILCS 5/9.15 415 ILCS 5/9.15  Amends the Environmental Protection Act. Provides, in a provision concerning the regulation of greenhouse gases, that a specific greenhouse gas emission limit does not apply to black start facilities. Defines "black start facility".  LRB103 38672 BDA 68809 b     LRB103 38672 BDA 68809 b   A BILL FOR
103RD GENERAL ASSEMBLY State of Illinois 2023 and 2024 HB5323 Introduced , by Rep. Marcus C. Evans, Jr. SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:
415 ILCS 5/9.15 415 ILCS 5/9.15
415 ILCS 5/9.15
Amends the Environmental Protection Act. Provides, in a provision concerning the regulation of greenhouse gases, that a specific greenhouse gas emission limit does not apply to black start facilities. Defines "black start facility".
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A BILL FOR
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1  AN ACT concerning safety.
2  Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois,
3  represented in the General Assembly:
4  Section 5. The Environmental Protection Act is amended by
5  changing Section 9.15 as follows:
6  (415 ILCS 5/9.15)
7  Sec. 9.15. Greenhouse gases.
8  (a) An air pollution construction permit shall not be
9  required due to emissions of greenhouse gases if the
10  equipment, site, or source is not subject to regulation, as
11  defined by 40 CFR 52.21, as now or hereafter amended, for
12  greenhouse gases or is otherwise not addressed in this Section
13  or by the Board in regulations for greenhouse gases. These
14  exemptions do not relieve an owner or operator from the
15  obligation to comply with other applicable rules or
16  regulations.
17  (b) An air pollution operating permit shall not be
18  required due to emissions of greenhouse gases if the
19  equipment, site, or source is not subject to regulation, as
20  defined by Section 39.5 of this Act, for greenhouse gases or is
21  otherwise not addressed in this Section or by the Board in
22  regulations for greenhouse gases. These exemptions do not
23  relieve an owner or operator from the obligation to comply

 

103RD GENERAL ASSEMBLY State of Illinois 2023 and 2024 HB5323 Introduced , by Rep. Marcus C. Evans, Jr. SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:
415 ILCS 5/9.15 415 ILCS 5/9.15
415 ILCS 5/9.15
Amends the Environmental Protection Act. Provides, in a provision concerning the regulation of greenhouse gases, that a specific greenhouse gas emission limit does not apply to black start facilities. Defines "black start facility".
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A BILL FOR

 

 

415 ILCS 5/9.15



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1  with other applicable rules or regulations.
2  (c) (Blank).
3  (d) (Blank).
4  (e) (Blank).
5  (f) As used in this Section:
6  "Black start facility" means a generating unit that has a
7  high operating factor or equipment enabling it to start
8  without an outside electrical supply and that a transmission
9  provider concurs has the demonstrated ability to automatically
10  remain operating, at reduced levels, when disconnected from
11  the electric grid. Black start facilities are essential to a
12  system restoration plan, as defined by the North American
13  Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) and the Federal Energy
14  Regulatory Commission (FERC), which is a plan that is
15  developed to establish the protocols that will be implemented
16  to coordinate system restoration activities following a major
17  system disturbance. Under such a plan, there is an orderly
18  sequence of steps and communications with impacted
19  transmission operators, Commonwealth Edison (ComEd), balancing
20  authorities, and neighboring reliability coordinators, PJM and
21  MISO, to facilitate the restoration of the electric grid.
22  Black start is essential because it is the process of
23  restoring power to an electric grid in the event of a natural
24  disaster, cyberattack, or a direct physical grid attack that
25  prompts the system to black out partially or fully. Black
26  start capability is required to re-energize the system and

 

 

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1  prevent a prolonged outage that could result in economic harm,
2  or worse, loss of human life. Further, in the ComEd zone, black
3  start facilities are used to provide safe shutdown power to
4  nuclear facilities.
5  "Carbon dioxide emission" means the plant annual CO2 total
6  output emission as measured by the United States Environmental
7  Protection Agency in its Emissions & Generation Resource
8  Integrated Database (eGrid), or its successor.
9  "Carbon dioxide equivalent emissions" or "CO2e" means the
10  sum total of the mass amount of emissions in tons per year,
11  calculated by multiplying the mass amount of each of the 6
12  greenhouse gases specified in Section 3.207, in tons per year,
13  by its associated global warming potential as set forth in 40
14  CFR 98, subpart A, table A-1 or its successor, and then adding
15  them all together.
16  "Cogeneration" or "combined heat and power" refers to any
17  system that, either simultaneously or sequentially, produces
18  electricity and useful thermal energy from a single fuel
19  source.
20  "Copollutants" refers to the 6 criteria pollutants that
21  have been identified by the United States Environmental
22  Protection Agency pursuant to the Clean Air Act.
23  "Electric generating unit" or "EGU" means a fossil
24  fuel-fired stationary boiler, combustion turbine, or combined
25  cycle system that serves a generator that has a nameplate
26  capacity greater than 25 MWe and produces electricity for

 

 

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1  sale.
2  "Environmental justice community" means the definition of
3  that term based on existing methodologies and findings, used
4  and as may be updated by the Illinois Power Agency and its
5  program administrator in the Illinois Solar for All Program.
6  "Equity investment eligible community" or "eligible
7  community" means the geographic areas throughout Illinois that
8  would most benefit from equitable investments by the State
9  designed to combat discrimination and foster sustainable
10  economic growth. Specifically, eligible community means the
11  following areas:
12  (1) areas where residents have been historically
13  excluded from economic opportunities, including
14  opportunities in the energy sector, as defined as R3 areas
15  pursuant to Section 10-40 of the Cannabis Regulation and
16  Tax Act; and
17  (2) areas where residents have been historically
18  subject to disproportionate burdens of pollution,
19  including pollution from the energy sector, as established
20  by environmental justice communities as defined by the
21  Illinois Power Agency pursuant to the Illinois Power
22  Agency Act, excluding any racial or ethnic indicators.
23  "Equity investment eligible person" or "eligible person"
24  means the persons who would most benefit from equitable
25  investments by the State designed to combat discrimination and
26  foster sustainable economic growth. Specifically, eligible

 

 

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1  person means the following people:
2  (1) persons whose primary residence is in an equity
3  investment eligible community;
4  (2) persons whose primary residence is in a
5  municipality, or a county with a population under 100,000,
6  where the closure of an electric generating unit or mine
7  has been publicly announced or the electric generating
8  unit or mine is in the process of closing or closed within
9  the last 5 years;
10  (3) persons who are graduates of or currently enrolled
11  in the foster care system; or
12  (4) persons who were formerly incarcerated.
13  "Existing emissions" means:
14  (1) for CO2e, the total average tons-per-year of CO2e
15  emitted by the EGU or large GHG-emitting unit either in
16  the years 2018 through 2020 or, if the unit was not yet in
17  operation by January 1, 2018, in the first 3 full years of
18  that unit's operation; and
19  (2) for any copollutant, the total average
20  tons-per-year of that copollutant emitted by the EGU or
21  large GHG-emitting unit either in the years 2018 through
22  2020 or, if the unit was not yet in operation by January 1,
23  2018, in the first 3 full years of that unit's operation.
24  "Green hydrogen" means a power plant technology in which
25  an EGU creates electric power exclusively from electrolytic
26  hydrogen, in a manner that produces zero carbon and

 

 

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1  copollutant emissions, using hydrogen fuel that is
2  electrolyzed using a 100% renewable zero carbon emission
3  energy source.
4  "Large greenhouse gas-emitting unit" or "large
5  GHG-emitting unit" means a unit that is an electric generating
6  unit or other fossil fuel-fired unit that itself has a
7  nameplate capacity or serves a generator that has a nameplate
8  capacity greater than 25 MWe and that produces electricity,
9  including, but not limited to, coal-fired, coal-derived,
10  oil-fired, natural gas-fired, and cogeneration units.
11  "NOx emission rate" means the plant annual NOx total output
12  emission rate as measured by the United States Environmental
13  Protection Agency in its Emissions & Generation Resource
14  Integrated Database (eGrid), or its successor, in the most
15  recent year for which data is available.
16  "Public greenhouse gas-emitting units" or "public
17  GHG-emitting unit" means large greenhouse gas-emitting units,
18  including EGUs, that are wholly owned, directly or indirectly,
19  by one or more municipalities, municipal corporations, joint
20  municipal electric power agencies, electric cooperatives, or
21  other governmental or nonprofit entities, whether organized
22  and created under the laws of Illinois or another state.
23  "SO2 emission rate" means the "plant annual SO2 total
24  output emission rate" as measured by the United States
25  Environmental Protection Agency in its Emissions & Generation
26  Resource Integrated Database (eGrid), or its successor, in the

 

 

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1  most recent year for which data is available.
2  (g) All EGUs and large greenhouse gas-emitting units that
3  use coal or oil as a fuel and are not public GHG-emitting units
4  shall permanently reduce all CO2e and copollutant emissions to
5  zero no later than January 1, 2030.
6  (h) All EGUs and large greenhouse gas-emitting units that
7  use coal as a fuel and are public GHG-emitting units shall
8  permanently reduce CO2e emissions to zero no later than
9  December 31, 2045. Any source or plant with such units must
10  also reduce their CO2e emissions by 45% from existing
11  emissions by no later than January 1, 2035. If the emissions
12  reduction requirement is not achieved by December 31, 2035,
13  the plant shall retire one or more units or otherwise reduce
14  its CO2e emissions by 45% from existing emissions by June 30,
15  2038.
16  (i) All EGUs and large greenhouse gas-emitting units that
17  use gas as a fuel and are not public GHG-emitting units shall
18  permanently reduce all CO2e and copollutant emissions to zero,
19  including through unit retirement or the use of 100% green
20  hydrogen or other similar technology that is commercially
21  proven to achieve zero carbon emissions, according to the
22  following:
23  (1) No later than January 1, 2030: all EGUs and large
24  greenhouse gas-emitting units that have a NOx emissions
25  rate of greater than 0.12 lbs/MWh or a SO2 emission rate of
26  greater than 0.006 lb/MWh, and are located in or within 3

 

 

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1  miles of an environmental justice community designated as
2  of January 1, 2021 or an equity investment eligible
3  community.
4  (2) No later than January 1, 2040: all EGUs and large
5  greenhouse gas-emitting units that have a NOx emission
6  rate of greater than 0.12 lbs/MWh or a SO2 emission rate
7  greater than 0.006 lb/MWh, and are not located in or
8  within 3 miles of an environmental justice community
9  designated as of January 1, 2021 or an equity investment
10  eligible community. After January 1, 2035, each such EGU
11  and large greenhouse gas-emitting unit shall reduce its
12  CO2e emissions by at least 50% from its existing emissions
13  for CO2e, and shall be limited in operation to, on average,
14  6 hours or less per day, measured over a calendar year, and
15  shall not run for more than 24 consecutive hours except in
16  emergency conditions, as designated by a Regional
17  Transmission Organization or Independent System Operator.
18  (3) No later than January 1, 2035: all EGUs and large
19  greenhouse gas-emitting units that began operation prior
20  to the effective date of this amendatory Act of the 102nd
21  General Assembly and have a NOx emission rate of less than
22  or equal to 0.12 lb/MWh and a SO2 emission rate less than
23  or equal to 0.006 lb/MWh, and are located in or within 3
24  miles of an environmental justice community designated as
25  of January 1, 2021 or an equity investment eligible
26  community. Each such EGU and large greenhouse gas-emitting

 

 

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1  unit shall reduce its CO2e emissions by at least 50% from
2  its existing emissions for CO2e no later than January 1,
3  2030.
4  (4) No later than January 1, 2040: All remaining EGUs
5  and large greenhouse gas-emitting units that have a heat
6  rate greater than or equal to 7000 BTU/kWh. Each such EGU
7  and Large greenhouse gas-emitting unit shall reduce its
8  CO2e emissions by at least 50% from its existing emissions
9  for CO2e no later than January 1, 2035.
10  (5) No later than January 1, 2045: all remaining EGUs
11  and large greenhouse gas-emitting units.
12  (j) All EGUs and large greenhouse gas-emitting units that
13  use gas as a fuel and are public GHG-emitting units shall
14  permanently reduce all CO2e and copollutant emissions to zero,
15  including through unit retirement or the use of 100% green
16  hydrogen or other similar technology that is commercially
17  proven to achieve zero carbon emissions by January 1, 2045.
18  (k) All EGUs and large greenhouse gas-emitting units that
19  utilize combined heat and power or cogeneration technology
20  shall permanently reduce all CO2e and copollutant emissions to
21  zero, including through unit retirement or the use of 100%
22  green hydrogen or other similar technology that is
23  commercially proven to achieve zero carbon emissions by
24  January 1, 2045.
25  (k-5) No EGU or large greenhouse gas-emitting unit that
26  uses gas as a fuel and is not a public GHG-emitting unit may

 

 

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1  emit, in any 12-month period, CO2e or copollutants in excess of
2  that unit's existing emissions for those pollutants. This
3  subsection (k-5) does not apply to an EGU or large greenhouse
4  gas-emitting unit that is a black start facility. Any gas
5  turbine located at a black start facility shall not exceed
6  more than 3,200 hours of operation a year.
7  (l) Notwithstanding subsections (g) through (k-5), large
8  GHG-emitting units including EGUs may temporarily continue
9  emitting CO2e and copollutants after any applicable deadline
10  specified in any of subsections (g) through (k-5) if it has
11  been determined, as described in paragraphs (1) and (2) of
12  this subsection, that ongoing operation of the EGU is
13  necessary to maintain power grid supply and reliability or
14  ongoing operation of large GHG-emitting unit that is not an
15  EGU is necessary to serve as an emergency backup to
16  operations. Up to and including the occurrence of an emission
17  reduction deadline under subsection (i), all EGUs and large
18  GHG-emitting units must comply with the following terms:
19  (1) if an EGU or large GHG-emitting unit that is a
20  participant in a regional transmission organization
21  intends to retire, it must submit documentation to the
22  appropriate regional transmission organization by the
23  appropriate deadline that meets all applicable regulatory
24  requirements necessary to obtain approval to permanently
25  cease operating the large GHG-emitting unit;
26  (2) if any EGU or large GHG-emitting unit that is a

 

 

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1  participant in a regional transmission organization
2  receives notice that the regional transmission
3  organization has determined that continued operation of
4  the unit is required, the unit may continue operating
5  until the issue identified by the regional transmission
6  organization is resolved. The owner or operator of the
7  unit must cooperate with the regional transmission
8  organization in resolving the issue and must reduce its
9  emissions to zero, consistent with the requirements under
10  subsection (g), (h), (i), (j), (k), or (k-5), as
11  applicable, as soon as practicable when the issue
12  identified by the regional transmission organization is
13  resolved; and
14  (3) any large GHG-emitting unit that is not a
15  participant in a regional transmission organization shall
16  be allowed to continue emitting CO2e and copollutants
17  after the zero-emission date specified in subsection (g),
18  (h), (i), (j), (k), or (k-5), as applicable, in the
19  capacity of an emergency backup unit if approved by the
20  Illinois Commerce Commission.
21  (m) No variance, adjusted standard, or other regulatory
22  relief otherwise available in this Act may be granted to the
23  emissions reduction and elimination obligations in this
24  Section.
25  (n) By June 30 of each year, beginning in 2025, the Agency
26  shall prepare and publish on its website a report setting

 

 

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1  forth the actual greenhouse gas emissions from individual
2  units and the aggregate statewide emissions from all units for
3  the prior year.
4  (o) Every 5 years beginning in 2025, the Environmental
5  Protection Agency, Illinois Power Agency, and Illinois
6  Commerce Commission shall jointly prepare, and release
7  publicly, a report to the General Assembly that examines the
8  State's current progress toward its renewable energy resource
9  development goals, the status of CO2e and copollutant
10  emissions reductions, the current status and progress toward
11  developing and implementing green hydrogen technologies, the
12  current and projected status of electric resource adequacy and
13  reliability throughout the State for the period beginning 5
14  years ahead, and proposed solutions for any findings. The
15  Environmental Protection Agency, Illinois Power Agency, and
16  Illinois Commerce Commission shall consult PJM
17  Interconnection, LLC and Midcontinent Independent System
18  Operator, Inc., or their respective successor organizations
19  regarding forecasted resource adequacy and reliability needs,
20  anticipated new generation interconnection, new transmission
21  development or upgrades, and any announced large GHG-emitting
22  unit closure dates and include this information in the report.
23  The report shall be released publicly by no later than
24  December 15 of the year it is prepared. If the Environmental
25  Protection Agency, Illinois Power Agency, and Illinois
26  Commerce Commission jointly conclude in the report that the

 

 

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1  data from the regional grid operators, the pace of renewable
2  energy development, the pace of development of energy storage
3  and demand response utilization, transmission capacity, and
4  the CO2e and copollutant emissions reductions required by
5  subsection (i) or (k-5) reasonably demonstrate that a resource
6  adequacy shortfall will occur, including whether there will be
7  sufficient in-state capacity to meet the zonal requirements of
8  MISO Zone 4 or the PJM ComEd Zone, per the requirements of the
9  regional transmission organizations, or that the regional
10  transmission operators determine that a reliability violation
11  will occur during the time frame the study is evaluating, then
12  the Illinois Power Agency, in conjunction with the
13  Environmental Protection Agency shall develop a plan to reduce
14  or delay CO2e and copollutant emissions reductions
15  requirements only to the extent and for the duration necessary
16  to meet the resource adequacy and reliability needs of the
17  State, including allowing any plants whose emission reduction
18  deadline has been identified in the plan as creating a
19  reliability concern to continue operating, including operating
20  with reduced emissions or as emergency backup where
21  appropriate. The plan shall also consider the use of renewable
22  energy, energy storage, demand response, transmission
23  development, or other strategies to resolve the identified
24  resource adequacy shortfall or reliability violation.
25  (1) In developing the plan, the Environmental
26  Protection Agency and the Illinois Power Agency shall hold

 

 

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1  at least one workshop open to, and accessible at a time and
2  place convenient to, the public and shall consider any
3  comments made by stakeholders or the public. Upon
4  development of the plan, copies of the plan shall be
5  posted and made publicly available on the Environmental
6  Protection Agency's, the Illinois Power Agency's, and the
7  Illinois Commerce Commission's websites. All interested
8  parties shall have 60 days following the date of posting
9  to provide comment to the Environmental Protection Agency
10  and the Illinois Power Agency on the plan. All comments
11  submitted to the Environmental Protection Agency and the
12  Illinois Power Agency shall be encouraged to be specific,
13  supported by data or other detailed analyses, and, if
14  objecting to all or a portion of the plan, accompanied by
15  specific alternative wording or proposals. All comments
16  shall be posted on the Environmental Protection Agency's,
17  the Illinois Power Agency's, and the Illinois Commerce
18  Commission's websites. Within 30 days following the end of
19  the 60-day review period, the Environmental Protection
20  Agency and the Illinois Power Agency shall revise the plan
21  as necessary based on the comments received and file its
22  revised plan with the Illinois Commerce Commission for
23  approval.
24  (2) Within 60 days after the filing of the revised
25  plan at the Illinois Commerce Commission, any person
26  objecting to the plan shall file an objection with the

 

 

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1  Illinois Commerce Commission. Within 30 days after the
2  expiration of the comment period, the Illinois Commerce
3  Commission shall determine whether an evidentiary hearing
4  is necessary. The Illinois Commerce Commission shall also
5  host 3 public hearings within 90 days after the plan is
6  filed. Following the evidentiary and public hearings, the
7  Illinois Commerce Commission shall enter its order
8  approving or approving with modifications the reliability
9  mitigation plan within 180 days.
10  (3) The Illinois Commerce Commission shall only
11  approve the plan if the Illinois Commerce Commission
12  determines that it will resolve the resource adequacy or
13  reliability deficiency identified in the reliability
14  mitigation plan at the least amount of CO2e and copollutant
15  emissions, taking into consideration the emissions impacts
16  on environmental justice communities, and that it will
17  ensure adequate, reliable, affordable, efficient, and
18  environmentally sustainable electric service at the lowest
19  total cost over time, taking into account the impact of
20  increases in emissions.
21  (4) If the resource adequacy or reliability deficiency
22  identified in the reliability mitigation plan is resolved
23  or reduced, the Environmental Protection Agency and the
24  Illinois Power Agency may file an amended plan adjusting
25  the reduction or delay in CO2e and copollutant emission
26  reduction requirements identified in the plan.

 

 

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