Illinois 2025-2026 Regular Session

Illinois House Bill HB3437 Compare Versions

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11 104TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY State of Illinois 2025 and 2026 HB3437 Introduced , by Rep. Joyce Mason SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED: 750 ILCS 5/506 from Ch. 40, par. 506750 ILCS 5/602.5750 ILCS 5/602.7750 ILCS 5/603.10750 ILCS 5/603.12 new750 ILCS 5/604.10750 ILCS 5/715 new750 ILCS 60/228 new Amends the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act. Requires a court, when appointing a guardian ad litem to represent a child, shall make efforts to appoint a guardian ad litem who has received evidence-based education and training relating to family violence. Includes additional factors for the court to consider when determining the allocation of parenting time. Provides criteria for the court to consider in restricting parental responsibilities that are necessary to protect a child's physical, mental, moral, or emotional well-being. Allows the Administrative Office of the Illinois Courts to develop and implement an ongoing education and training program for judges and relevant court personnel regarding child abuse. Makes other changes. Amends the Domestic Violence Act of 1986. Restricts a court from sealing a court file related to a domestic violence order of protection. Provides that the amendatory Act may be referred to as Kayden's Law. LRB104 08898 JRC 18953 b A BILL FOR 104TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY State of Illinois 2025 and 2026 HB3437 Introduced , by Rep. Joyce Mason SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED: 750 ILCS 5/506 from Ch. 40, par. 506750 ILCS 5/602.5750 ILCS 5/602.7750 ILCS 5/603.10750 ILCS 5/603.12 new750 ILCS 5/604.10750 ILCS 5/715 new750 ILCS 60/228 new 750 ILCS 5/506 from Ch. 40, par. 506 750 ILCS 5/602.5 750 ILCS 5/602.7 750 ILCS 5/603.10 750 ILCS 5/603.12 new 750 ILCS 5/604.10 750 ILCS 5/715 new 750 ILCS 60/228 new Amends the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act. Requires a court, when appointing a guardian ad litem to represent a child, shall make efforts to appoint a guardian ad litem who has received evidence-based education and training relating to family violence. Includes additional factors for the court to consider when determining the allocation of parenting time. Provides criteria for the court to consider in restricting parental responsibilities that are necessary to protect a child's physical, mental, moral, or emotional well-being. Allows the Administrative Office of the Illinois Courts to develop and implement an ongoing education and training program for judges and relevant court personnel regarding child abuse. Makes other changes. Amends the Domestic Violence Act of 1986. Restricts a court from sealing a court file related to a domestic violence order of protection. Provides that the amendatory Act may be referred to as Kayden's Law. LRB104 08898 JRC 18953 b LRB104 08898 JRC 18953 b A BILL FOR
22 104TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY State of Illinois 2025 and 2026 HB3437 Introduced , by Rep. Joyce Mason SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:
33 750 ILCS 5/506 from Ch. 40, par. 506750 ILCS 5/602.5750 ILCS 5/602.7750 ILCS 5/603.10750 ILCS 5/603.12 new750 ILCS 5/604.10750 ILCS 5/715 new750 ILCS 60/228 new 750 ILCS 5/506 from Ch. 40, par. 506 750 ILCS 5/602.5 750 ILCS 5/602.7 750 ILCS 5/603.10 750 ILCS 5/603.12 new 750 ILCS 5/604.10 750 ILCS 5/715 new 750 ILCS 60/228 new
44 750 ILCS 5/506 from Ch. 40, par. 506
55 750 ILCS 5/602.5
66 750 ILCS 5/602.7
77 750 ILCS 5/603.10
88 750 ILCS 5/603.12 new
99 750 ILCS 5/604.10
1010 750 ILCS 5/715 new
1111 750 ILCS 60/228 new
1212 Amends the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act. Requires a court, when appointing a guardian ad litem to represent a child, shall make efforts to appoint a guardian ad litem who has received evidence-based education and training relating to family violence. Includes additional factors for the court to consider when determining the allocation of parenting time. Provides criteria for the court to consider in restricting parental responsibilities that are necessary to protect a child's physical, mental, moral, or emotional well-being. Allows the Administrative Office of the Illinois Courts to develop and implement an ongoing education and training program for judges and relevant court personnel regarding child abuse. Makes other changes. Amends the Domestic Violence Act of 1986. Restricts a court from sealing a court file related to a domestic violence order of protection. Provides that the amendatory Act may be referred to as Kayden's Law.
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1818 1 AN ACT concerning civil law.
1919 2 Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois,
2020 3 represented in the General Assembly:
2121 4 Section 1. References to Act. This Act may be referred to
2222 5 as Kayden's Law.
2323 6 Section 5. The Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of
2424 7 Marriage Act is amended by changing Sections 506, 602.5,
2525 8 602.7, 604.10 and 603.10 and by adding Sections 603.12 and 715
2626 9 as follows:
2727 10 (750 ILCS 5/506) (from Ch. 40, par. 506)
2828 11 Sec. 506. Representation of child.
2929 12 (a) Duties. In any proceedings involving the support,
3030 13 custody, visitation, allocation of parental responsibilities,
3131 14 education, parentage, property interest, or general welfare of
3232 15 a minor or dependent child, the court may, on its own motion or
3333 16 that of any party, appoint an attorney to serve in one of the
3434 17 following capacities to address the issues the court
3535 18 delineates:
3636 19 (1) Attorney. The attorney shall provide independent
3737 20 legal counsel for the child and shall owe the same duties
3838 21 of undivided loyalty, confidentiality, and competent
3939 22 representation as are due an adult client.
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4343 104TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY State of Illinois 2025 and 2026 HB3437 Introduced , by Rep. Joyce Mason SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:
4444 750 ILCS 5/506 from Ch. 40, par. 506750 ILCS 5/602.5750 ILCS 5/602.7750 ILCS 5/603.10750 ILCS 5/603.12 new750 ILCS 5/604.10750 ILCS 5/715 new750 ILCS 60/228 new 750 ILCS 5/506 from Ch. 40, par. 506 750 ILCS 5/602.5 750 ILCS 5/602.7 750 ILCS 5/603.10 750 ILCS 5/603.12 new 750 ILCS 5/604.10 750 ILCS 5/715 new 750 ILCS 60/228 new
4545 750 ILCS 5/506 from Ch. 40, par. 506
4646 750 ILCS 5/602.5
4747 750 ILCS 5/602.7
4848 750 ILCS 5/603.10
4949 750 ILCS 5/603.12 new
5050 750 ILCS 5/604.10
5151 750 ILCS 5/715 new
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5353 Amends the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act. Requires a court, when appointing a guardian ad litem to represent a child, shall make efforts to appoint a guardian ad litem who has received evidence-based education and training relating to family violence. Includes additional factors for the court to consider when determining the allocation of parenting time. Provides criteria for the court to consider in restricting parental responsibilities that are necessary to protect a child's physical, mental, moral, or emotional well-being. Allows the Administrative Office of the Illinois Courts to develop and implement an ongoing education and training program for judges and relevant court personnel regarding child abuse. Makes other changes. Amends the Domestic Violence Act of 1986. Restricts a court from sealing a court file related to a domestic violence order of protection. Provides that the amendatory Act may be referred to as Kayden's Law.
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8888 1 (2) Guardian ad litem. The guardian ad litem shall
8989 2 investigate the facts of the case and interview the child
9090 3 and the parties. Unless the court directs otherwise, the
9191 4 guardian ad litem shall submit to the court and the
9292 5 parties a written report, written recommendations, or a
9393 6 proposed parenting plan, in accordance with the child's
9494 7 best interests, not less than 30 days before a final
9595 8 hearing or trial. The guardian ad litem's written report
9696 9 or written recommendations shall be admitted into evidence
9797 10 without the need for foundation. The guardian ad litem
9898 11 shall be available for deposition before a final hearing
9999 12 or trial notwithstanding any other discovery cutoff. The
100100 13 guardian ad litem may be called as a witness for purposes
101101 14 of cross-examination regarding the guardian ad litem's
102102 15 report or recommendations. At the discretion of the court,
103103 16 the guardian ad litem:
104104 17 (i) may be present for all proceedings, including
105105 18 in camera examinations of the child;
106106 19 (ii) may issue subpoenas for records as part of
107107 20 the guardian ad litem's investigation; and
108108 21 (iii) may file pleadings relating to procedural
109109 22 matters.
110110 23 The court appointing a guardian ad litem under this
111111 24 Section must make reasonable efforts to appoint a guardian
112112 25 ad litem who has received evidence-based education and
113113 26 training on family violence, including child sexual abuse,
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124124 1 physical abuse, emotional abuse, cohesive control,
125125 2 implicit and explicit basis, trauma, long and short-term
126126 3 impacts of domestic violence and child abuse on children,
127127 4 and victim and perpetrator behaviors.
128128 5 (3) Child representative. The child representative
129129 6 shall advocate what the child representative finds to be
130130 7 in the best interests of the child after reviewing the
131131 8 facts and circumstances of the case. The child
132132 9 representative shall meet with the child and the parties,
133133 10 investigate the facts of the case, and encourage
134134 11 settlement and the use of alternative forms of dispute
135135 12 resolution. The child representative shall have the same
136136 13 authority and obligation to participate in the litigation
137137 14 as does an attorney for a party and shall possess all the
138138 15 powers of investigation as does a guardian ad litem. The
139139 16 child representative shall consider, but not be bound by,
140140 17 the expressed wishes of the child. A child representative
141141 18 shall have received training in child advocacy or shall
142142 19 possess such experience as determined to be equivalent to
143143 20 such training by the chief judge of the circuit where the
144144 21 child representative has been appointed. The child
145145 22 representative shall not disclose confidential
146146 23 communications made by the child, except as required by
147147 24 law or by the Rules of Professional Conduct. The child
148148 25 representative shall not render an opinion,
149149 26 recommendation, or report to the court and shall not be
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160160 1 called as a witness, but shall offer evidence-based legal
161161 2 arguments. The child representative shall disclose the
162162 3 position as to what the child representative intends to
163163 4 advocate in a pre-trial memorandum that shall be served
164164 5 upon all counsel of record prior to the trial. The
165165 6 position disclosed in the pre-trial memorandum shall not
166166 7 be considered evidence. The court and the parties may
167167 8 consider the position of the child representative for
168168 9 purposes of a settlement conference.
169169 10 (a-3) Additional appointments. During the proceedings the
170170 11 court may appoint an additional attorney to serve in the
171171 12 capacity described in subdivision (a)(1) or an additional
172172 13 attorney to serve in another of the capacities described in
173173 14 subdivision (a)(2) or (a)(3) on the court's own motion or that
174174 15 of a party only for good cause shown and when the reasons for
175175 16 the additional appointment are set forth in specific findings.
176176 17 (a-5) Appointment considerations. In deciding whether to
177177 18 make an appointment of an attorney for the minor child, a
178178 19 guardian ad litem, or a child representative, the court shall
179179 20 consider the nature and adequacy of the evidence to be
180180 21 presented by the parties and the availability of other methods
181181 22 of obtaining information, including social service
182182 23 organizations and evaluations by mental health professions, as
183183 24 well as resources for payment.
184184 25 In no event is this Section intended to or designed to
185185 26 abrogate the decision making power of the trier of fact. Any
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196196 1 appointment made under this Section is not intended to nor
197197 2 should it serve to place any appointed individual in the role
198198 3 of a surrogate judge.
199199 4 (b) Fees and costs. The court shall enter an order as
200200 5 appropriate for costs, fees, and disbursements, including a
201201 6 retainer, when the attorney, guardian ad litem, or child's
202202 7 representative is appointed. Any person appointed under this
203203 8 Section shall file with the court within 90 days of his or her
204204 9 appointment, and every subsequent 90-day period thereafter
205205 10 during the course of his or her representation, a detailed
206206 11 invoice for services rendered with a copy being sent to each
207207 12 party. The court shall review the invoice submitted and
208208 13 approve the fees, if they are reasonable and necessary. Any
209209 14 order approving the fees shall require payment by either or
210210 15 both parents, by any other party or source, or from the marital
211211 16 estate or the child's separate estate. The court may not order
212212 17 payment by the Department of Healthcare and Family Services in
213213 18 cases in which the Department is providing child support
214214 19 enforcement services under Article X of the Illinois Public
215215 20 Aid Code. Unless otherwise ordered by the court at the time
216216 21 fees and costs are approved, all fees and costs payable to an
217217 22 attorney, guardian ad litem, or child representative under
218218 23 this Section are by implication deemed to be in the nature of
219219 24 support of the child and are within the exceptions to
220220 25 discharge in bankruptcy under 11 U.S.C.A. 523. The provisions
221221 26 of Sections 501 and 508 of this Act shall apply to fees and
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232232 1 costs for attorneys appointed under this Section.
233233 2 (Source: P.A. 103-126, eff. 1-1-24.)
234234 3 (750 ILCS 5/602.5)
235235 4 Sec. 602.5. Allocation of parental responsibilities:
236236 5 decision-making.
237237 6 (a) Generally. The court shall allocate decision-making
238238 7 responsibilities according to the child's best interests.
239239 8 Nothing in this Act requires that each parent be allocated
240240 9 decision-making responsibilities. If the court finds that
241241 10 there has been abuse by one parent against the child or a
242242 11 repeated pattern of coercive abuse by one parent against the
243243 12 other parent, the parent who has engaged in the abuse may not
244244 13 be allocated any decision-making unless the court makes a
245245 14 finding that the parent has provided adequate evidence that
246246 15 the parent will not use the allocation of decision making as a
247247 16 basis to further abuse the child or the other parent and will
248248 17 use the decision-making solely in the best interests of the
249249 18 child.
250250 19 (b) Allocation of significant decision-making
251251 20 responsibilities. Unless the parents otherwise agree in
252252 21 writing on an allocation of significant decision-making
253253 22 responsibilities, or the issue of the allocation of parental
254254 23 responsibilities has been reserved under Section 401, the
255255 24 court shall make the determination. The court shall allocate
256256 25 to one or both of the parents the significant decision-making
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267267 1 responsibility for each significant issue affecting the child.
268268 2 Those significant issues shall include, without limitation,
269269 3 the following:
270270 4 (1) Education, including the choice of schools and
271271 5 tutors.
272272 6 (2) Health, including all decisions relating to the
273273 7 medical, dental, and psychological needs of the child and
274274 8 to the treatments arising or resulting from those needs.
275275 9 (3) Religion, subject to the following provisions:
276276 10 (A) The court shall allocate decision-making
277277 11 responsibility for the child's religious upbringing in
278278 12 accordance with any express or implied agreement
279279 13 between the parents.
280280 14 (B) The court shall consider evidence of the
281281 15 parents' past conduct as to the child's religious
282282 16 upbringing in allocating decision-making
283283 17 responsibilities consistent with demonstrated past
284284 18 conduct in the absence of an express or implied
285285 19 agreement between the parents.
286286 20 (C) The court shall not allocate any aspect of the
287287 21 child's religious upbringing if it determines that the
288288 22 parents do not or did not have an express or implied
289289 23 agreement for such religious upbringing or that there
290290 24 is insufficient evidence to demonstrate a course of
291291 25 conduct regarding the child's religious upbringing
292292 26 that could serve as a basis for any such order.
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303303 1 (4) Extracurricular activities.
304304 2 (c) Determination of child's best interests. In
305305 3 determining the child's best interests for purposes of
306306 4 allocating significant decision-making responsibilities, the
307307 5 court shall consider all relevant factors, including, without
308308 6 limitation, the following:
309309 7 (1) the wishes of the child, taking into account the
310310 8 child's maturity and ability to express reasoned and
311311 9 independent preferences as to decision-making and if the
312312 10 court finds that a child who expresses fear of a parent is
313313 11 based on the parent's actual and specific conduct that is
314314 12 contrary to the child's best interests, the finding shall
315315 13 be considered;
316316 14 (2) the child's adjustment to his or her home, school,
317317 15 and community;
318318 16 (3) the mental and physical health of all individuals
319319 17 involved;
320320 18 (4) the ability of the parents to cooperate to make
321321 19 decisions, or the level of conflict between the parties
322322 20 that may affect their ability to share decision-making
323323 21 especially when one parent has engaged in abuse of the
324324 22 child or a repeated pattern of coercive abuse of the other
325325 23 parent;
326326 24 (5) the level of each parent's participation in past
327327 25 significant decision-making with respect to the child;
328328 26 (6) any prior agreement or course of conduct between
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339339 1 the parents relating to decision-making with respect to
340340 2 the child;
341341 3 (7) the wishes of the parents;
342342 4 (8) the child's needs;
343343 5 (8.1) which parent is more likely to ensure the health
344344 6 and safety of the child as defined in Section 603.12;
345345 7 (9) the distance between the parents' residences, the
346346 8 cost and difficulty of transporting the child, each
347347 9 parent's and the child's daily schedules, and the ability
348348 10 of the parents to cooperate in the arrangement;
349349 11 (10) whether a restriction on decision-making is
350350 12 appropriate under Section 603.10 or other protective
351351 13 measures as specified in Section 603.12;
352352 14 (11) the willingness and ability of each parent to
353353 15 facilitate and encourage a close and continuing
354354 16 relationship between the other parent and the child except
355355 17 if one parent has engaged in abuse of the child or the
356356 18 other parent, if reasonable safety measures are necessary
357357 19 to protect the health and safety of the child as defined in
358358 20 Section 603.12 from harm and a parent's reasonable
359359 21 concerns for the health and safety of the child, the
360360 22 parent's reasonable efforts to protect the child may not
361361 23 be considered negatively under this subsection;
362362 24 (12) the physical violence or threat of physical
363363 25 violence by the child's parent directed against the child;
364364 26 (13) the occurrence of abuse against the child or
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375375 1 other member of the child's household;
376376 2 (14) whether one of the parents is a sex offender, and
377377 3 if so, the exact nature of the offense and what, if any,
378378 4 treatment in which the parent has successfully
379379 5 participated; and
380380 6 (15) any other factor that the court expressly finds
381381 7 to be relevant.
382382 8 (d) A parent shall have sole responsibility for making
383383 9 routine decisions with respect to the child and for emergency
384384 10 decisions affecting the child's health and safety during that
385385 11 parent's parenting time.
386386 12 (e) In allocating significant decision-making
387387 13 responsibilities, the court shall not consider conduct of a
388388 14 parent that does not affect that parent's relationship to the
389389 15 child.
390390 16 (Source: P.A. 99-90, eff. 1-1-16.)
391391 17 (750 ILCS 5/602.7)
392392 18 Sec. 602.7. Allocation of parental responsibilities:
393393 19 parenting time.
394394 20 (a) Best interests. The court shall allocate parenting
395395 21 time according to the child's best interests.
396396 22 (b) Allocation of parenting time. Unless the parents
397397 23 present a mutually agreed written parenting plan and that plan
398398 24 is approved by the court, the court shall allocate parenting
399399 25 time. It is presumed both parents are fit and the court shall
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410410 1 not place any restrictions on parenting time as defined in
411411 2 Section 600 and described in Section 603.10, unless it finds
412412 3 by a preponderance of the evidence that a parent's exercise of
413413 4 parenting time would seriously endanger the child's physical,
414414 5 mental, moral, or emotional health.
415415 6 In determining the child's best interests for purposes of
416416 7 allocating parenting time, the court shall consider all
417417 8 relevant factors, including, without limitation, the
418418 9 following:
419419 10 (1) the wishes of each parent seeking parenting time;
420420 11 (2) the wishes of the child, taking into account the
421421 12 child's maturity and ability to express reasoned and
422422 13 independent preferences as to parenting time. If the court
423423 14 finds that a child who expresses fear of a parent is based
424424 15 on the parent's actual and specific conduct that is
425425 16 contrary to the child's best interests, the finding shall
426426 17 be considered;
427427 18 (3) the amount of time each parent spent performing
428428 19 caretaking functions with respect to the child in the 24
429429 20 months preceding the filing of any petition for allocation
430430 21 of parental responsibilities or, if the child is under 2
431431 22 years of age, since the child's birth;
432432 23 (4) any prior agreement or course of conduct between
433433 24 the parents relating to caretaking functions with respect
434434 25 to the child;
435435 26 (5) the interaction and interrelationship of the child
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446446 1 with his or her parents and siblings and with any other
447447 2 person who may significantly affect the child's best
448448 3 interests;
449449 4 (6) the child's adjustment to his or her home, school,
450450 5 and community;
451451 6 (7) the mental and physical health of all individuals
452452 7 involved;
453453 8 (8) the child's needs;
454454 9 (8.1) which parent is more likely to ensure the health
455455 10 and safety of the child, as defined in Section 603.12;
456456 11 (9) the distance between the parents' residences, the
457457 12 cost and difficulty of transporting the child, each
458458 13 parent's and the child's daily schedules, and the ability
459459 14 of the parents to cooperate in the arrangement;
460460 15 (10) whether a restriction on parenting time is
461461 16 appropriate;
462462 17 (11) the physical violence or threat of physical
463463 18 violence by the child's parent directed against the child
464464 19 or other member of the child's household;
465465 20 (12) the willingness and ability of each parent to
466466 21 place the needs of the child ahead of his or her own needs;
467467 22 (13) the willingness and ability of each parent to
468468 23 facilitate and encourage a close and continuing
469469 24 relationship between the other parent and the child except
470470 25 if one parent has engaged in abuse of the child or the
471471 26 other parent, if reasonable safety measures are necessary
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482482 1 to protect the health and safety of the child as defined in
483483 2 Section 603.12 from harm and a parent's reasonable
484484 3 concerns for the health and safety of the child, the
485485 4 parent's reasonable efforts to protect the child may not
486486 5 be considered negatively under this subsection;
487487 6 (14) the occurrence of abuse against the child or
488488 7 other member of the child's household;
489489 8 (15) whether one of the parents is a convicted sex
490490 9 offender or lives with a convicted sex offender and, if
491491 10 so, the exact nature of the offense and what if any
492492 11 treatment the offender has successfully participated in;
493493 12 the parties are entitled to a hearing on the issues raised
494494 13 in this paragraph (15);
495495 14 (16) the terms of a parent's military family-care plan
496496 15 that a parent must complete before deployment if a parent
497497 16 is a member of the United States Armed Forces who is being
498498 17 deployed; and
499499 18 (17) any other factor that the court expressly finds
500500 19 to be relevant.
501501 20 (b-1) A factor under subsection (b) may not be adversely
502502 21 weighed against a party if the circumstances related to the
503503 22 factor were in response to abuse or necessary to protect the
504504 23 child or the abused party from harm and the party alleging
505505 24 abuse does not pose a risk to the health and safety of the
506506 25 child, as defined in Section 603.12. A temporary housing
507507 26 instability as a result of abuse may not be considered against
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518518 1 the party alleging the abuse.
519519 2 As used in this subsection, "temporary housing
520520 3 instability" means a period not to exceed 6 months from the
521521 4 date of the last incident of abuse as determined by the court.
522522 5 (c) In allocating parenting time, the court shall not
523523 6 consider conduct of a parent that does not affect that
524524 7 parent's relationship to the child.
525525 8 (d) Upon motion, the court may allow a parent who is
526526 9 deployed or who has orders to be deployed as a member of the
527527 10 United States Armed Forces to designate a person known to the
528528 11 child to exercise reasonable substitute visitation on behalf
529529 12 of the deployed parent, if the court determines that
530530 13 substitute visitation is in the best interests of the child.
531531 14 In determining whether substitute visitation is in the best
532532 15 interests of the child, the court shall consider all of the
533533 16 relevant factors listed in subsection (b) of this Section and
534534 17 apply those factors to the person designated as a substitute
535535 18 for the deployed parent for visitation purposes. Visitation
536536 19 orders entered under this subsection are subject to
537537 20 subsections (e) and (f) of Section 602.9 and subsections (c)
538538 21 and (d) of Section 603.10.
539539 22 (e) If the street address of a parent is not identified
540540 23 pursuant to Section 708 of this Act, the court shall require
541541 24 the parties to identify reasonable alternative arrangements
542542 25 for parenting time by the other parent including, but not
543543 26 limited to, parenting time of the minor child at the residence
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554554 1 of another person or at a local public or private facility.
555555 2 (Source: P.A. 99-90, eff. 1-1-16.)
556556 3 (750 ILCS 5/603.10)
557557 4 Sec. 603.10. Restriction of parental responsibilities.
558558 5 (a) After a hearing, if the court finds by a preponderance
559559 6 of the evidence that a parent engaged in any conduct that
560560 7 seriously endangered the child's mental, moral, or physical
561561 8 health or that significantly impaired the child's emotional
562562 9 development, the court shall enter orders as necessary to
563563 10 protect the child. If a parent does any of the following that
564564 11 seriously endangers a child's health or significantly impairs
565565 12 the child's emotional development:
566566 13 (1) inflicts physical injury upon the parent's child
567567 14 or another child, by other than accidental means, which
568568 15 causes death, disfigurement, impairment of physical or
569569 16 emotional health, or loss of impairment of any bodily
570570 17 function;
571571 18 (2) creates a substantial risk of physical injury
572572 19 against the parent's child or another child, by other than
573573 20 accidental means, which would be likely to cause death,
574574 21 disfigurement, impairment of physical or emotional health,
575575 22 or loss of impairment of any bodily function;
576576 23 (3) inflicts excessive corporal punishment upon the
577577 24 parent's child or another child;
578578 25 (4) commits any sex offense against the parent's child
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589589 1 or another child; or
590590 2 (5) commits an act of torture against the parent's
591591 3 child or another child.
592592 4 If the court finds by a preponderance of the evidence that
593593 5 any of this conduct has likely occurred, the court shall order
594594 6 one or more of the restrictions on parenting time set forth in
595595 7 Section 603.10, including temporarily denying parenting time,
596596 8 restricting parenting time to supervised parenting time, and
597597 9 any other protective measures that are necessary to protect
598598 10 the child's physical, mental, moral, or emotional well-being.
599599 11 Such orders may include, but are not limited to, orders
600600 12 for one or more of the following:
601601 13 (1) a reduction, elimination, or other adjustment of
602602 14 the parent's decision-making responsibilities or parenting
603603 15 time, or both decision-making responsibilities and
604604 16 parenting time;
605605 17 (2) supervision, including ordering the Department of
606606 18 Children and Family Services to exercise continuing
607607 19 supervision under Section 5 of the Children and Family
608608 20 Services Act;
609609 21 (2.1) supervision under Section 603.12;
610610 22 (3) requiring the exchange of the child between the
611611 23 parents through an intermediary or in a protected setting;
612612 24 (4) restraining a parent's communication with or
613613 25 proximity to the other parent or the child;
614614 26 (5) requiring a parent to abstain from possessing or
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625625 1 consuming alcohol or non-prescribed drugs while exercising
626626 2 parenting time with the child and within a specified
627627 3 period immediately preceding the exercise of parenting
628628 4 time;
629629 5 (6) restricting the presence of specific persons while
630630 6 a parent is exercising parenting time with the child;
631631 7 (7) requiring a parent to post a bond to secure the
632632 8 return of the child following the parent's exercise of
633633 9 parenting time or to secure other performance required by
634634 10 the court;
635635 11 (8) requiring a parent to complete a treatment program
636636 12 for perpetrators of abuse, for drug or alcohol abuse, or
637637 13 for other behavior that is the basis for restricting
638638 14 parental responsibilities under this Section; and
639639 15 (9) any other constraints or conditions that the court
640640 16 deems necessary to provide for the child's safety or
641641 17 welfare.
642642 18 (b) The court may modify an order restricting parental
643643 19 responsibilities if, after a hearing, the court finds by a
644644 20 preponderance of the evidence that a modification is in the
645645 21 child's best interests based on (i) a change of circumstances
646646 22 that occurred after the entry of an order restricting parental
647647 23 responsibilities; or (ii) conduct of which the court was
648648 24 previously unaware that seriously endangers the child. In
649649 25 determining whether to modify an order under this subsection,
650650 26 the court must consider factors that include, but need not be
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661661 1 limited to, the following:
662662 2 (1) abuse, neglect, or abandonment of the child;
663663 3 (2) abusing or allowing abuse of another person that
664664 4 had an impact upon the child;
665665 5 (3) use of drugs, alcohol, or any other substance in a
666666 6 way that interferes with the parent's ability to perform
667667 7 caretaking functions with respect to the child; and
668668 8 (4) persistent continuing interference with the other
669669 9 parent's access to the child, except for actions taken
670670 10 with a reasonable, good-faith belief that they are
671671 11 necessary to protect the child's safety pending
672672 12 adjudication of the facts underlying that belief, provided
673673 13 that the interfering parent initiates a proceeding to
674674 14 determine those facts as soon as practicable.
675675 15 (c) An order granting parenting time to a parent or
676676 16 visitation to another person may be revoked by the court if
677677 17 that parent or other person is found to have knowingly used his
678678 18 or her parenting time or visitation to facilitate contact
679679 19 between the child and a parent who has been barred from contact
680680 20 with the child or to have knowingly used his or her parenting
681681 21 time or visitation to facilitate contact with the child that
682682 22 violates any restrictions imposed on a parent's parenting time
683683 23 by a court of competent jurisdiction. Nothing in this
684684 24 subsection limits a court's authority to enforce its orders in
685685 25 any other manner authorized by law.
686686 26 (d) If parenting time of a parent is restricted, an order
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697697 1 granting visitation to a non-parent with a child or an order
698698 2 granting parenting time to the other parent shall contain the
699699 3 following language:
700700 4 "If a person granted parenting time or visitation
701701 5 under this order uses that time to facilitate contact
702702 6 between the child and a parent whose parenting time is
703703 7 restricted, or if such a person violates any restrictions
704704 8 placed on parenting time or visitation by the court, the
705705 9 parenting time or visitation granted under this order
706706 10 shall be revoked until further order of court."
707707 11 (e) A parent who, after a hearing, is determined by the
708708 12 court to have been convicted of any offense involving an
709709 13 illegal sex act perpetrated upon a victim less than 18 years of
710710 14 age, including but not limited to an offense under Article 11
711711 15 of the Criminal Code of 2012, is not entitled to parenting time
712712 16 while incarcerated or while on parole, probation, conditional
713713 17 discharge, periodic imprisonment, or mandatory supervised
714714 18 release for a felony offense, until the parent complies with
715715 19 such terms and conditions as the court determines are in the
716716 20 child's best interests, taking into account the exact nature
717717 21 of the offense and what, if any, treatment in which the parent
718718 22 successfully participated.
719719 23 (f) A parent may not, while the child is present, visit any
720720 24 person granted visitation or parenting time who has been
721721 25 convicted of first degree murder, unless the court finds,
722722 26 after considering all relevant factors, including those set
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733733 1 forth in subsection (b) of Section 602.7, that it would be in
734734 2 the child's best interests to allow the child to be present
735735 3 during such a visit.
736736 4 (Source: P.A. 99-90, eff. 1-1-16.)
737737 5 (750 ILCS 5/603.12 new)
738738 6 Sec. 603.12. Safety conditions.
739739 7 (a) The General Assembly adopts the findings of the United
740740 8 States Congress in enacting Kayden's Law in Public Law 117-103
741741 9 as follows:
742742 10 (1) Approximately 1 in 15 children is exposed to
743743 11 domestic violence each year.
744744 12 (2) Most child abuse is perpetrated in the family and
745745 13 by a parent. Intimate partner violence and child abuse
746746 14 overlap in the same families at rates between 30% and 60%.
747747 15 A child's risk of abuse increases after a perpetrator of
748748 16 intimate partner violence separates from a domestic
749749 17 partner, even when the perpetrator has not previously
750750 18 directly abused the child. Children who have witnessed
751751 19 intimate partner violence are approximately 4 times more
752752 20 likely to experience direct child maltreatment than
753753 21 children who have not witnessed intimate partner violence.
754754 22 (3) More than 75% of child sexual abuse is perpetrated
755755 23 by a family member or a person known to the child. Data of
756756 24 the Department of Justice shows that family members are
757757 25 49%, or almost half, of the perpetrators of crimes against
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768768 1 child sex assault victims younger than 6 years of age.
769769 2 (4) Research suggests a child's exposure to a batterer
770770 3 is among the strongest indicators of risk of incest
771771 4 victimization. One study found that female children with
772772 5 fathers who are batterers of their mothers were 6.5 times
773773 6 more likely to experience father-daughter incest than
774774 7 female children who do not have abusive fathers.
775775 8 (5) Child abuse is a major public health issue in the
776776 9 United States. Total lifetime financial costs associated
777777 10 with just one year of confirmed cases of child
778778 11 maltreatment, including child physical abuse, sexual
779779 12 abuse, psychological abuse, and neglect, result in
780780 13 $124,000,000,000 in annual costs to the economy of the
781781 14 United States, or approximately 1% of the gross domestic
782782 15 product of the United States.
783783 16 (6) Empirical research indicates that courts regularly
784784 17 discount allegations of child physical and sexual abuse
785785 18 when those allegations are raised in child custody cases.
786786 19 Courts believed less than 1/4 of claims that a father has
787787 20 committed child physical or sexual abuse. With respect to
788788 21 cases in which an allegedly abusive parent claimed the
789789 22 mother "alienated" the child, courts believed only 1 out
790790 23 of 51 claims of sexual molestation by a father.
791791 24 Independent research indicates that child sexual abuse
792792 25 allegations are credible between 50% and 70% of the time.
793793 26 (7) Empirical research shows that alleged or known
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804804 1 abusive parents are often granted custody or unprotected
805805 2 parenting time by courts. Approximately 1/3 of parents
806806 3 alleged to have committed child abuse took primary custody
807807 4 from the protective parent reporting the abuse, placing
808808 5 children at ongoing risk.
809809 6 (8) Researchers have documented nearly 800 child
810810 7 murders in the United States since 2008 committed by a
811811 8 divorcing or separating parent. More than 100 of these
812812 9 child murders are known to have occurred after a court
813813 10 ordered the child to have contact with the dangerous
814814 11 parent over the objection of a safe parent or caregiver.
815815 12 (9) Scientifically unsound theories that treat abuse
816816 13 allegations of mothers as likely false attempts to
817817 14 undermine fathers are frequently applied in family court
818818 15 to minimize or deny reports of abuse of parents and
819819 16 children. Many experts who testify against abuse
820820 17 allegations lack expertise in the relevant type of alleged
821821 18 abuse, relying instead on unsound and unproven theories.
822822 19 (10) Judges presiding over custody cases involving
823823 20 allegations of child abuse, child sexual abuse, and
824824 21 domestic violence are rarely required to receive training
825825 22 on these subjects, and most states have not established
826826 23 standards for such training.
827827 24 (b) After considering the factors under subsection (b) of
828828 25 Section 602.7, if the court finds that there is a history of
829829 26 abuse of the child or a household member by a party or a
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840840 1 present risk of harm to the child or an abused party and awards
841841 2 any form of parenting time to a party who committed the abuse
842842 3 or who has a household member who committed the abuse, the
843843 4 court shall include in the parenting plan safety conditions,
844844 5 restrictions, or safeguards as reasonably necessary to protect
845845 6 the child or the abused party.
846846 7 The court shall include in the parenting plan the reason
847847 8 for imposing the safety conditions, restrictions, or
848848 9 safeguards and an explanation as to why the safety conditions,
849849 10 restrictions, or safeguards are in the best interests of the
850850 11 child or the abused party. If supervised contact is ordered,
851851 12 there shall be a review of the risk of harm and need for
852852 13 continued supervision on at least an annual basis. The safety
853853 14 conditions, restrictions, or safeguards may include:
854854 15 (1) nonprofessional supervised parenting time;
855855 16 (2) professional supervised parenting time;
856856 17 (3) limitations on the time of day that parenting time
857857 18 is permitted or the number of hours of parenting time and
858858 19 the maximum number of hours of parenting time permitted
859859 20 per day or per week;
860860 21 (4) the appointment of a qualified professional
861861 22 specializing in programming relating to the history of
862862 23 abuse or risk of harm to provider intervention or harm
863863 24 prevention programming. The court may order an evaluation
864864 25 by the appointed qualified professional to determine
865865 26 whether additional programming is necessary;
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876876 1 (5) limitations on parenting time; or
877877 2 (6) any other safety conditions, restrictions, or
878878 3 safeguards to ensure the health and safety of the child or
879879 4 to protect a household member.
880880 5 (c) If the court finds by a preponderance of the evidence
881881 6 that a party has abused the child or household member, there
882882 7 shall be a rebuttable presumption that the court shall only
883883 8 allow nonprofessional supervised parenting time or
884884 9 professional supervised parenting time between the child and
885885 10 the party who committed the abuse. A court may find that an
886886 11 indicated report for physical or sexual abuse is a basis for a
887887 12 finding of abuse under this subsection only after a de novo
888888 13 review of the circumstances leading to the indicated report.
889889 14 Notwithstanding this subsection, the court may award an
890890 15 alternative form of parenting time if the court finds by a
891891 16 preponderance of the evidence that:
892892 17 (1) the party no longer poses a risk of abuse to the
893893 18 child or any other household member; and
894894 19 (2) another parenting time arrangement is in the best
895895 20 interests of the child and will not jeopardize the health
896896 21 and safety of the child.
897897 22 (d) If the court finds by a preponderance of the evidence
898898 23 that there is an ongoing risk of abuse of the child, there
899899 24 shall be a rebuttable presumption that the court shall only
900900 25 allow professional supervised parenting time between the child
901901 26 and the party who poses the risk of abuse. A court may find
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912912 1 that an indicated report for physical or sexual abuse is a
913913 2 basis for a finding of abuse under this subsection only after a
914914 3 de novo review of the circumstances leading to the indicated
915915 4 report. Notwithstanding this subsection, the court may award
916916 5 an alternative form of parenting time if the court finds by a
917917 6 preponderance of the evidence that:
918918 7 (1) the party no longer poses a risk of abuse to the
919919 8 child or any other household member; and
920920 9 (2) another parenting time arrangement is in the best
921921 10 interests of the child and will not jeopardize the health
922922 11 and safety of the child.
923923 12 (e) As used in this Section:
924924 13 "Health and safety of the child" includes, but is not
925925 14 limited to, the physical, emotional, and psychological
926926 15 well-being of the child.
927927 16 "Household member" means a spouse or individual who has
928928 17 been a spouse, individual living as a spouse or lived as a
929929 18 spouse, parent or child, individual related by consanguinity
930930 19 or affinity, current or former sexual or intimate partner, or
931931 20 individual who shares biological parenthood currently sharing
932932 21 a household with the child or a party.
933933 22 "Intervention and harm prevention programming" includes,
934934 23 but is not limited to, programming designed to rehabilitate
935935 24 the offending individual, including prioritizing an
936936 25 intervention or harm prevent program, if available, or the
937937 26 impacts of physical, sexual, or domestic abuse on the victim.
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948948 1 "Nonprofessional supervised parenting time" means
949949 2 parenting time during which an adult, designated by the court
950950 3 or agreed upon by the parties, monitors the interaction
951951 4 between the child and the individual with parenting time
952952 5 rights.
953953 6 "Professional supervised parenting time" means parenting
954954 7 time during which a professional with education and training
955955 8 on the dynamics of domestic violence, sexual assault, child
956956 9 abuse, and the impact of domestic violence on children
957957 10 oversees the interaction between the child and the individual
958958 11 with parenting time rights and promotes the health and safety
959959 12 of the child during the interaction.
960960 13 (750 ILCS 5/604.10)
961961 14 Sec. 604.10. Interviews; evaluations; investigation.
962962 15 (a) Court's interview of child. The court may interview
963963 16 the child in chambers to ascertain the child's wishes as to the
964964 17 allocation of parental responsibilities. Counsel shall be
965965 18 present at the interview unless otherwise agreed upon by the
966966 19 parties. The entire interview shall be recorded by a court
967967 20 reporter. The transcript of the interview shall be filed under
968968 21 seal and released only upon order of the court.
969969 22 (b) Court's professional. The court may seek the advice of
970970 23 any professional, whether or not regularly employed by the
971971 24 court, to assist the court in determining the child's best
972972 25 interests. The advice to the court shall be in writing and sent
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983983 1 by the professional to counsel for the parties and to the court
984984 2 not later than 60 days before the date on which the trial court
985985 3 reasonably anticipates the hearing on the allocation of
986986 4 parental responsibilities will commence. The court may review
987987 5 the writing upon receipt. The writing may be admitted into
988988 6 evidence without testimony from its author, unless a party
989989 7 objects. A professional consulted by the court shall testify
990990 8 as the court's witness and be subject to cross-examination.
991991 9 The court shall order all costs and fees of the professional to
992992 10 be paid by one or more of the parties, subject to reallocation
993993 11 in accordance with subsection (a) of Section 508.
994994 12 The professional's report must, at a minimum, set forth
995995 13 the following:
996996 14 (1) a description of the procedures employed during
997997 15 the evaluation;
998998 16 (2) a report of the data collected;
999999 17 (3) all test results;
10001000 18 (4) any conclusions of the professional relating to
10011001 19 the allocation of parental responsibilities under Sections
10021002 20 602.5 and 602.7;
10031003 21 (5) any recommendations of the professional concerning
10041004 22 the allocation of parental responsibilities or the child's
10051005 23 relocation; and
10061006 24 (6) an explanation of any limitations in the
10071007 25 evaluation or any reservations of the professional
10081008 26 regarding the resulting recommendations.
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10191019 1 (c) Evaluation by a party's retained professional. In a
10201020 2 proceeding to allocate parental responsibilities or to
10211021 3 relocate a child, upon notice and motion made by a parent or
10221022 4 any party to the litigation within a reasonable time before
10231023 5 trial, the court shall order an evaluation to assist the court
10241024 6 in determining the child's best interests unless the court
10251025 7 finds that an evaluation under this Section is untimely or not
10261026 8 in the best interests of the child. The evaluation may be in
10271027 9 place of or in addition to any advice given to the court by a
10281028 10 professional under subsection (b). A motion for an evaluation
10291029 11 under this subsection must, at a minimum, identify the
10301030 12 proposed evaluator and the evaluator's specialty or
10311031 13 discipline. An order for an evaluation under this subsection
10321032 14 must set forth the evaluator's name, address, and telephone
10331033 15 number and the time, place, conditions, and scope of the
10341034 16 evaluation. No person shall be required to travel an
10351035 17 unreasonable distance for the evaluation. The party requesting
10361036 18 the evaluation shall pay the evaluator's fees and costs unless
10371037 19 otherwise ordered by the court.
10381038 20 The evaluator's report must, at a minimum, set forth the
10391039 21 following:
10401040 22 (1) a description of the procedures employed during
10411041 23 the evaluation;
10421042 24 (2) a report of the data collected;
10431043 25 (3) all test results;
10441044 26 (4) any conclusions of the evaluator relating to the
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10551055 1 allocation of parental responsibilities under Sections
10561056 2 602.5 and 602.7;
10571057 3 (5) any recommendations of the evaluator concerning
10581058 4 the allocation of parental responsibilities or the child's
10591059 5 relocation; and
10601060 6 (6) an explanation of any limitations in the
10611061 7 evaluation or any reservations of the evaluator regarding
10621062 8 the resulting recommendations.
10631063 9 A party who retains a professional to conduct an
10641064 10 evaluation under this subsection shall cause the evaluator's
10651065 11 written report to be sent to the attorneys of record no less
10661066 12 than 60 days before the hearing on the allocation of parental
10671067 13 responsibilities, unless otherwise ordered by the court; if a
10681068 14 party fails to comply with this provision, the court may not
10691069 15 admit the evaluator's report into evidence and may not allow
10701070 16 the evaluator to testify.
10711071 17 The party calling an evaluator to testify at trial shall
10721072 18 disclose the evaluator as a controlled expert witness in
10731073 19 accordance with the Supreme Court Rules.
10741074 20 Any party to the litigation may call the evaluator as a
10751075 21 witness. That party shall pay the evaluator's fees and costs
10761076 22 for testifying, unless otherwise ordered by the court.
10771077 23 (d) Investigation. Upon notice and a motion by a parent or
10781078 24 any party to the litigation, or upon the court's own motion,
10791079 25 the court may order an investigation and report to assist the
10801080 26 court in allocating parental responsibilities. The
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10911091 1 investigation may be made by any agency, private entity, or
10921092 2 individual deemed appropriate by the court. The agency,
10931093 3 private entity, or individual appointed by the court must have
10941094 4 expertise in the area of allocation of parental
10951095 5 responsibilities. The court shall specify the purpose and
10961096 6 scope of the investigation.
10971097 7 The investigator's report must, at a minimum, set forth
10981098 8 the following:
10991099 9 (1) a description of the procedures employed during
11001100 10 the investigation;
11011101 11 (2) a report of the data collected;
11021102 12 (3) all test results;
11031103 13 (4) any conclusions of the investigator relating to
11041104 14 the allocation of parental responsibilities under Sections
11051105 15 602.5 and 602.7;
11061106 16 (5) any recommendations of the investigator concerning
11071107 17 the allocation of parental responsibilities or the child's
11081108 18 relocation; and
11091109 19 (6) an explanation of any limitations in the
11101110 20 investigation or any reservations of the investigator
11111111 21 regarding the resulting recommendations.
11121112 22 The investigator shall send his or her report to all
11131113 23 attorneys of record, and to any party not represented, at
11141114 24 least 60 days before the hearing on the allocation of parental
11151115 25 responsibilities. The court shall examine and consider the
11161116 26 investigator's report only after it has been admitted into
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11271127 1 evidence or after the parties have waived their right to
11281128 2 cross-examine the investigator.
11291129 3 The investigator shall make available to all attorneys of
11301130 4 record, and to any party not represented, the investigator's
11311131 5 file, and the names and addresses of all persons whom the
11321132 6 investigator has consulted, except that if such disclosure
11331133 7 would risk abuse to the party or any member of the party's
11341134 8 immediate family or household or reveal the confidential
11351135 9 address of a shelter for domestic violence victims, that
11361136 10 address may be omitted from the report. Any party to the
11371137 11 proceeding may call the investigator, or any person consulted
11381138 12 by the investigator as a court's witness, for
11391139 13 cross-examination. No fees shall be paid for any investigation
11401140 14 by a governmental agency. The fees incurred by any other
11411141 15 investigator shall be allocated in accordance with Section
11421142 16 508.
11431143 17 (e) Professional evaluations conducted under this Section
11441144 18 must be made available for comprehensive research by family
11451145 19 law scholars or experts as authorized by rules adopted by the
11461146 20 Supreme Court of Illinois. Any such rules adopted by the Court
11471147 21 must ensure the privacy and integrity of any person in these
11481148 22 evaluations. The purpose of the rules is to develop research
11491149 23 for the courts to have better information in making decisions
11501150 24 concerning children in the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution
11511151 25 of Marriage Act.
11521152 26 (Source: P.A. 99-90, eff. 1-1-16; 99-763, eff. 1-1-17.)
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11631163 1 (750 ILCS 5/715 new)
11641164 2 Sec. 715. Judicial education and training.
11651165 3 (a) The Administrative Office of the Illinois Courts is
11661166 4 encouraged and authorized to develop and implement an ongoing
11671167 5 education and training program for judges and relevant court
11681168 6 personnel, including guardians ad litem, counsel for children,
11691169 7 and mediators, regarding family violence. The education and
11701170 8 training program shall include the following:
11711171 9 (1) physical abuse;
11721172 10 (2) emotional abuse;
11731173 11 (3) cohesive control;
11741174 12 (4) implicit and explicit basis;
11751175 13 (5) trauma;
11761176 14 (6) long and short-term impacts of domestic violence;
11771177 15 and
11781178 16 (7) child abuse on children and victim and perpetrator
11791179 17 behaviors.
11801180 18 (b) The education and training program shall include the
11811181 19 most recent best practices from evidence-based, peer-reviewed
11821182 20 research by recognized experts in the types of family violence
11831183 21 specified in this Section. The Administrative Office of the
11841184 22 Illinois Courts shall design the education and training
11851185 23 program to educate and train relevant court personnel on all
11861186 24 of the factors listed under Section 602.7 and improve the
11871187 25 ability of courts to make appropriate parenting-time decisions
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11981198 1 that are in the best interests of the child.
11991199 2 Section 15. The Illinois Domestic Violence Act of 1986 is
12001200 3 amended by adding Section 228 as follows:
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