1 | 1 | | Session of 2025 |
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2 | 2 | | SENATE BILL No. 115 |
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3 | 3 | | By Committee on Federal and State Affairs |
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4 | 4 | | 1-30 |
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5 | 5 | | AN ACT concerning precious metals; relating to gold and silver bullion |
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6 | 6 | | and specie; enacting the Kansas bullion depository act; authorizing the |
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7 | 7 | | state treasurer to establish, administer or contract for the administration |
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8 | 8 | | of bullion depositories; allowing state moneys to be deposited in such |
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9 | 9 | | bullion depositories and invested in specie legal tender; amending |
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10 | 10 | | K.S.A. 2024 Supp. 75-4209 and repealing the existing section. |
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11 | 11 | | Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Kansas: |
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12 | 12 | | New Section 1. The provisions of sections 1 through 10, and |
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13 | 13 | | amendments thereto, shall be known and may be cited as the Kansas |
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14 | 14 | | bullion depository act. |
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15 | 15 | | New Sec. 2. As used in the Kansas bullion depository act: |
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16 | 16 | | (a) "Act" means the Kansas bullion depository act. |
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17 | 17 | | (b) "Administrator" means the individual or entity appointed by the |
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18 | 18 | | state treasurer to oversee the operation and management of the |
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19 | 19 | | depositories. |
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20 | 20 | | (c) "Bullion" means refined gold or silver in any shape or form with |
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21 | 21 | | uniform content and purity, including, but not limited to, coins, rounds, |
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22 | 22 | | bars, ingots or any other product that is: |
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23 | 23 | | (1) Stamped or imprinted with the weight and purity of the gold or |
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24 | 24 | | silver that it contains; and |
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25 | 25 | | (2) valued primarily based on its metal content and not on its form |
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26 | 26 | | and function. |
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27 | 27 | | (d) "Depository" means a bullion depository established by section 9, |
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28 | 28 | | and amendments thereto, or established by and located in another |
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29 | 29 | | jurisdiction and designated as a depository by the state treasurer pursuant |
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30 | 30 | | to section 3, and amendments thereto. |
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31 | 31 | | (e) "Depository account" means an account established with a |
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32 | 32 | | depository to facilitate the storage, transfer and exchange of bullion. |
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33 | 33 | | (f) "Electronic currency" means a representation of actual precious |
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34 | 34 | | metals, specie or bullion held in a depository account that may be |
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35 | 35 | | transferred by electronic instruction. Such representation shall reflect the |
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36 | 36 | | exact units of physical precious metals, specie or bullion in such |
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37 | 37 | | depository account in its fractional troy ounce measurement as provided in |
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38 | 38 | | this act. |
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39 | 39 | | (g) "Precious metal" means gold or silver. |
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75 | 75 | | 36 SB 115 2 |
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76 | 76 | | (h) "Specie" means bullion fabricated into products of uniform shape, |
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77 | 77 | | size, design, content, weight and purity that is suitable for or customarily |
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78 | 78 | | used as currency, as a medium of exchange or as the medium for purchase, |
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79 | 79 | | sale, storage, transfer or delivery of precious metals in retail or wholesale |
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80 | 80 | | transactions. |
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81 | 81 | | (i) "Specie legal tender" means gold or silver coin or bullion, |
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82 | 82 | | including, but not limited to, gold or silver coin issued by the United |
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83 | 83 | | States. |
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84 | 84 | | New Sec. 3. (a) The state treasurer may: |
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85 | 85 | | (1) Establish and administer bullion depositories to provide a secure |
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86 | 86 | | location for the storage of bullion; |
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87 | 87 | | (2) contract with a third party to act as the administrator to manage |
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88 | 88 | | the day-to-day operations of bullion depositories located in this state and |
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89 | 89 | | implement the depositories' security, storage and transactional and |
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90 | 90 | | administrative procedures in accordance with this act; or |
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91 | 91 | | (3) contract with one or more bullion depositories established and |
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92 | 92 | | located in another jurisdiction for the secure storage and administration of |
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93 | 93 | | bullion deposits made in accordance with this act. |
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94 | 94 | | (b) If the state treasurer enters into a contract pursuant to subsection |
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95 | 95 | | (a)(3), the state treasurer shall designate the bullion depository named in |
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96 | 96 | | such contract as an official state bullion depository. |
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97 | 97 | | (c) As used in this section, "security" means physical, online and |
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98 | 98 | | logical security standards that meet generally accepted standards within |
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99 | 99 | | the information assurance industry. |
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100 | 100 | | New Sec. 4. (a) A person, an individual, a corporation, a partnership, |
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101 | 101 | | a company, an association, a trust, an estate and a governmental entity, |
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102 | 102 | | may establish a depository account by entering into a depository |
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103 | 103 | | agreement with a depository. |
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104 | 104 | | (b) A depository account holder may purchase, sell, deposit or |
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105 | 105 | | withdraw bullion through the holder's account in accordance with this |
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106 | 106 | | section and any rules and regulations adopted thereunder. A depository |
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107 | 107 | | shall have processes and systems to facilitate timely bullion purchases, |
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108 | 108 | | sales, deposits and withdrawals, including, but not limited to: |
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109 | 109 | | (1) Physical deposits and withdrawals to and from the depository's |
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110 | 110 | | physical location, or a partner organization such as a major mint or refiner |
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111 | 111 | | capable of providing bullion that meets standards established by the state |
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112 | 112 | | treasurer; and |
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113 | 113 | | (2) electronic systems that meet current industry standards for the |
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114 | 114 | | purchase and sale of bullion for depository account holders that cannot or |
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115 | 115 | | choose not to travel to the physical location. |
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116 | 116 | | (c) State agencies, counties, municipalities and other governmental |
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117 | 117 | | entities may use a depository for storing bullion. The state treasurer may |
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118 | 118 | | deposit a portion of state moneys into a depository in the form of bullion |
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161 | 161 | | 43 SB 115 3 |
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162 | 162 | | and such bullion shall be considered part of the state's official financial |
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163 | 163 | | reserves. The state treasurer shall develop guidelines for the state's use of |
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164 | 164 | | depositories. All deposits of state moneys into a depository shall be |
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165 | 165 | | secured by a pledge of securities as provided in K.S.A. 75-4218, and |
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166 | 166 | | amendments thereto. |
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167 | 167 | | (d) The administrator shall maintain a record of all depository |
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168 | 168 | | accounts and all transactions, deposits and withdrawals associated with |
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169 | 169 | | each account. Such records shall be provided to the state treasurer within |
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170 | 170 | | five business days after the state treasurer's request. All records shall be |
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171 | 171 | | kept and maintained, at a minimum, on an approved state computer system |
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172 | 172 | | for a period of at least seven years. |
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173 | 173 | | New Sec. 5. (a) The administrator shall ensure that a depository has |
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174 | 174 | | state-of-the-art security measures to prevent theft, fraud or other |
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175 | 175 | | unauthorized access or removal of bullion. |
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176 | 176 | | (b) A depository shall maintain insurance coverage sufficient to cover |
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177 | 177 | | the full value of all bullion stored at the depository. Such insurance shall |
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178 | 178 | | be provided by an insurer that is rated "A" or higher by am best company |
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179 | 179 | | or an equivalent rating by another national rating service acceptable to the |
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180 | 180 | | administrator. |
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181 | 181 | | (c) An independent third party shall conduct audits at least twice a |
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182 | 182 | | year to verify the amount and value of bullion stored in a depository and to |
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183 | 183 | | inspect the security measures and protocols in place. Such independent |
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184 | 184 | | third party shall be an established provider with a good history of |
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185 | 185 | | providing such auditing service. Documentation of audit results shall be |
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186 | 186 | | made available within a reasonable timeframe to the public upon request. |
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187 | 187 | | Documentation shall include, at a minimum, summary totals of precious |
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188 | 188 | | metal amounts assessed, as well as documentation of any discrepancies |
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189 | 189 | | found during the audit. |
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190 | 190 | | (d) A depository shall comply all with federal and state laws |
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191 | 191 | | pertaining to bullion storage, management and transactions. The |
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192 | 192 | | administrator shall consult regularly with legal counsel to ensure that each |
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193 | 193 | | depository remains compliant with evolving laws and regulations. |
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194 | 194 | | New Sec. 6. (a) An employee or official associated with the oversight |
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195 | 195 | | or operation of a depository shall: |
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196 | 196 | | (1) Have no financial interests in companies or entities that produce, |
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197 | 197 | | sell or manage bullion; and |
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198 | 198 | | (2) disclose any potential conflict of interest to the state treasurer |
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199 | 199 | | immediately upon discovery. |
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200 | 200 | | (b) A violation of this section may result in the employee's or |
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201 | 201 | | official's removal from position, fines or other legal penalties as |
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202 | 202 | | determined by the state treasurer. |
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203 | 203 | | New Sec. 7. The state treasurer shall have all authority necessary to |
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204 | 204 | | enter into contractual agreements with third parties to administer this act. |
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247 | 247 | | 43 SB 115 4 |
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248 | 248 | | The administrator may enter into contractual agreements with private |
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249 | 249 | | entities for the provision of services for bullion storage, transportation or |
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250 | 250 | | security. All contractual agreements shall be reviewed and approved by the |
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251 | 251 | | state treasurer to ensure that such agreements align with the state's interests |
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252 | 252 | | and security requirements. |
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253 | 253 | | New Sec. 8. (a) A depository shall not be terminated or transferred to |
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254 | 254 | | a private entity unless such termination or transfer is approved by an act of |
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255 | 255 | | the legislature. A depository termination or transfer shall ensure the |
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256 | 256 | | security of the bullion, the rights of account holders and the financial |
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257 | 257 | | interests of the state. |
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258 | 258 | | (b) The administrator shall provide a quarterly report to the state |
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259 | 259 | | treasurer detailing the operations, transactions and financial status of each |
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260 | 260 | | depository. |
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261 | 261 | | (c) The state treasurer shall provide an annual report to the legislature |
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262 | 262 | | on or before the first day of the regular session of the legislature regarding |
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263 | 263 | | the operations and financial status of each depository. |
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264 | 264 | | New Sec. 9. The state treasurer shall adopt rules and regulations |
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265 | 265 | | necessary to administer the provisions of this act, including, but not |
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266 | 266 | | limited to, rules and regulations for the establishment, operation, security |
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267 | 267 | | and administration of a depository. |
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268 | 268 | | New Sec. 10. (a) A purported confiscation, requisition, seizure or |
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269 | 269 | | other attempt to control the ownership, disposition or proceeds of a |
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270 | 270 | | withdrawal, transfer, liquidation or settlement of a depository account or |
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271 | 271 | | an electronic currency account, including the precious metals represented |
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272 | 272 | | by the balance of a depository account or an electronic currency account, if |
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273 | 273 | | effected by a governmental or quasi-governmental authority other than an |
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274 | 274 | | authority of this state or by a financial institution or other person acting on |
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275 | 275 | | behalf of or pursuant to a directive or authorization issued by a |
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276 | 276 | | governmental or quasi-governmental authority other than an authority of |
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277 | 277 | | this state, in the course of a generalized declaration of illegality or |
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278 | 278 | | emergency relating to the ownership, possession or disposition of one or |
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279 | 279 | | more precious metals, contracts or other rights to the precious metals, |
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280 | 280 | | contracts or derivatives of the ownership, possession, disposition, contracts |
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281 | 281 | | or other rights, is hereby declared to be null and void and shall have no |
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282 | 282 | | force or effect. |
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283 | 283 | | (b) A depository in the case of receiving notice of a purported |
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284 | 284 | | confiscation, requisition, seizure or other attempt to control the ownership, |
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285 | 285 | | disposition or proceeds of a withdrawal, transfer, liquidation or settlement |
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286 | 286 | | of a depository account or an electronic currency account, including the |
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287 | 287 | | precious metals represented by the balance of a depository account or an |
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288 | 288 | | electronic currency account, if effected by a governmental or quasi- |
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289 | 289 | | governmental authority other than an authority of this state or by a |
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290 | 290 | | financial institution or other person acting on behalf of or pursuant to a |
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333 | 333 | | 43 SB 115 5 |
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334 | 334 | | directive or authorization issued by a governmental or quasi-governmental |
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335 | 335 | | authority other than an authority of this state, in the course of a generalized |
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336 | 336 | | declaration of illegality or emergency relating to the ownership, possession |
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337 | 337 | | or disposition of one or more precious metals, contracts or other rights to |
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338 | 338 | | the precious metals, contracts or derivatives of the ownership, possession, |
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339 | 339 | | disposition, contracts or other rights, shall not recognize the governmental |
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340 | 340 | | or quasi-governmental authority, financial institution or other person |
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341 | 341 | | acting as the lawful successor of the registered holder of the depository |
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342 | 342 | | account or the electronic currency account in question. |
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343 | 343 | | (c) Upon receipt of notice of any transaction described in subsection |
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344 | 344 | | (a), with respect to all or any portion of the balance of a depository |
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345 | 345 | | account or an electronic currency account, a depository shall suspend |
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346 | 346 | | withdrawal privileges associated with the balances of the depository |
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347 | 347 | | account or electronic currency account until suitable substitute |
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348 | 348 | | arrangements may be effected in accordance with rules and regulations of |
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349 | 349 | | the state treasurer to enable the registered account holder to take delivery |
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350 | 350 | | of the precious metals represented by the account balances in question. A |
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351 | 351 | | voluntary transfer of a depository account or an electronic currency |
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352 | 352 | | account balance or of a depository account or an electronic currency |
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353 | 353 | | account among depository account or electronic currency account holders |
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354 | 354 | | may continue to take place unaffected by the suspension, and the |
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355 | 355 | | depository shall recognize such voluntary transfer to the full extent |
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356 | 356 | | authorized by this section and rules and regulations adopted under this act. |
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357 | 357 | | (d) The state treasurer shall refer any matter relating to an action |
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358 | 358 | | described in subsection (a) to the attorney general for resolution. |
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359 | 359 | | Sec. 11. K.S.A. 2024 Supp. 75-4209 is hereby amended to read as |
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360 | 360 | | follows: 75-4209. (a) The director of investments may invest and reinvest |
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361 | 361 | | state moneys eligible for investment which are not invested in accordance |
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362 | 362 | | with K.S.A. 75-4237, and amendments thereto, in the following |
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363 | 363 | | investments: |
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364 | 364 | | (1) Direct obligations of, or obligations that are insured as to principal |
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365 | 365 | | and interest by, the United States of America or any agency thereof and |
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366 | 366 | | obligations and securities of the United States sponsored enterprises which |
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367 | 367 | | under federal law may be accepted as security for public funds, on and |
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368 | 368 | | after the effective date of this act moneys available for investment under |
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369 | 369 | | this subsection shall not be invested in mortgage-backed securities of such |
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370 | 370 | | enterprises and of the government national mortgage association, except |
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371 | 371 | | that any such mortgage-backed securities held prior to the effective date of |
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372 | 372 | | this act may be held to maturity; |
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373 | 373 | | (2) repurchase agreements with a bank or a primary government |
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374 | 374 | | securities dealer which reports to the market reports division of the federal |
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375 | 375 | | reserve bank of New York for direct obligations of, or obligations that are |
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376 | 376 | | insured as to principal and interest by, the United States government or any |
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419 | 419 | | 43 SB 115 6 |
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420 | 420 | | agency thereof and obligations and securities of United States government |
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421 | 421 | | sponsored enterprises which under federal law may be accepted as security |
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422 | 422 | | for public funds; |
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423 | 423 | | (3) commercial paper that does not exceed 270 days to maturity and |
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424 | 424 | | which has received one of the two highest commercial paper credit ratings |
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425 | 425 | | by a nationally recognized investment rating firm; and |
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426 | 426 | | (4) corporate bonds which have received one of the two highest |
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427 | 427 | | ratings by a nationally recognized investment rating firm; and |
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428 | 428 | | (5) specie legal tender, as defined in section 2, and amendments |
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429 | 429 | | thereto. |
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430 | 430 | | (b) When moneys are available for deposit or investments, the |
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431 | 431 | | director of investments may invest in SKILL act projects and bonds |
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432 | 432 | | pursuant to K.S.A. 74-8920, and amendments thereto, and in state agency |
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433 | 433 | | bonds and bond projects. |
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434 | 434 | | (c) When moneys are available for deposits or investments, the |
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435 | 435 | | director of investments may invest in preferred stock of Kansas venture |
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436 | 436 | | capital, inc., under terms and conditions prescribed by K.S.A. 74-8203, |
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437 | 437 | | and amendments thereto, but such investments shall not in the aggregate |
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438 | 438 | | exceed a total amount of $10,000,000. |
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439 | 439 | | (d) When moneys are available for deposits or investments, the |
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440 | 440 | | director of investments may invest in loans pursuant to legislative |
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441 | 441 | | mandates, except that not more than the greater of 10% or $140,000,000 of |
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442 | 442 | | the state moneys shall be invested. The provisions of this subsection shall |
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443 | 443 | | not apply to the provisions of subsection (m). |
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444 | 444 | | (e) Interest on investment accounts in banks is to be paid at maturity, |
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445 | 445 | | but not less than annually. |
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446 | 446 | | (f) Investments made by the director of investments under the |
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447 | 447 | | provisions of this section shall be made with judgment and care, under |
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448 | 448 | | circumstances then prevailing, which persons of prudence, discretion and |
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449 | 449 | | intelligence exercise in the management of their own affairs, not for |
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450 | 450 | | speculation, but for investment, considering the probable safety of their |
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451 | 451 | | capital as well as the probable income to be derived. |
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452 | 452 | | (g) Investments under subsection (a) or (b) or under K.S.A. 75-4237, |
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453 | 453 | | and amendments thereto, shall be for a period not to exceed four years, |
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454 | 454 | | except that linked deposits authorized under the provisions of K.S.A. 2- |
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455 | 455 | | 3703 through 2-3707, and amendments thereto, shall not exceed a period |
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456 | 456 | | of 10 years; agricultural production loan deposits authorized under the |
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457 | 457 | | provisions of K.S.A. 75-4268 through 75-4274, and amendments thereto, |
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458 | 458 | | shall not exceed a period of eight years and housing loan deposits |
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459 | 459 | | authorized under K.S.A. 75-4276 through 75-4282, and amendments |
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460 | 460 | | thereto, shall not exceed a period of five years or 20 years, as applicable |
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461 | 461 | | pursuant to K.S.A. 75-4279, and amendments thereto. |
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462 | 462 | | (h) Investments in securities under subsection (a)(1) shall be limited |
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505 | 505 | | 43 SB 115 7 |
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506 | 506 | | to securities which do not have any more interest rate risk than do direct |
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507 | 507 | | United States government obligations of similar maturities. For purposes |
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508 | 508 | | of this subsection, "interest rate risk" means market value changes due to |
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509 | 509 | | changes in current interest rates. |
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510 | 510 | | (i) The director of investments shall not invest state moneys eligible |
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511 | 511 | | for investment under subsection (a), in the municipal investment pool |
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512 | 512 | | fund, created under K.S.A. 12-1677a, and amendments thereto. |
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513 | 513 | | (j) The director of investments shall not invest moneys in the pooled |
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514 | 514 | | money investment portfolio in derivatives. As used in this subsection, |
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515 | 515 | | "derivatives" means a financial contract whose value depends on the value |
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516 | 516 | | of an underlying asset or index of asset values. |
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517 | 517 | | (k) Moneys and investments in the pooled money investment |
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518 | 518 | | portfolio shall be invested and reinvested by the director of investments in |
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519 | 519 | | accordance with investment policies developed, approved, published and |
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520 | 520 | | updated on an annual basis by the board. Such investment policies shall |
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521 | 521 | | include at a minimum guidelines which identify credit standards, eligible |
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522 | 522 | | instruments, allowable maturity ranges, methods for valuing the portfolio, |
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523 | 523 | | calculating earnings and yields and limits on portfolio concentration for |
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524 | 524 | | each type of investment. Any changes in such investment policies shall be |
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525 | 525 | | approved by the pooled money investment board. Such investment policies |
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526 | 526 | | may specify the contents of reports, methods of crediting funds and |
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527 | 527 | | accounts and other operating procedures. |
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528 | 528 | | (l) The board shall adopt rules and regulations to establish an overall |
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529 | 529 | | percentage limitation on the investment of moneys in investments |
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530 | 530 | | authorized under subsection (a)(3), and within such authorized investment, |
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531 | 531 | | the board shall establish a percentage limitation on the investment in any |
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532 | 532 | | single business entity. |
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533 | 533 | | (m) (1) During the fiscal year ending June 30, 2017, the director of |
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534 | 534 | | the budget shall estimate on or before June 27, 2017, the amount of the |
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535 | 535 | | unencumbered ending balance in the state general fund for fiscal year |
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536 | 536 | | 2017. If the amount of such unencumbered ending balance in the state |
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537 | 537 | | general fund is less than $50,000,000, the director of the budget shall |
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538 | 538 | | certify the difference between $50,000,000, and the amount of such |
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539 | 539 | | unencumbered ending balance to the pooled money investment board. |
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540 | 540 | | Upon the liquidation of all investments and reinvestments of state moneys |
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541 | 541 | | pursuant to K.S.A. 75-2263(j), and amendments thereto, and upon receipt |
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542 | 542 | | of such certification by the director of the budget, during the fiscal year |
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543 | 543 | | ending June 30, 2017, the pooled money investment board shall authorize |
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544 | 544 | | the director of accounts and reports to transfer an amount equal to the |
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545 | 545 | | amount certified by the director of the budget pursuant to this subsection |
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546 | 546 | | from the pooled money investment portfolio to the state general fund. |
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547 | 547 | | Upon receipt of such authorization, the director of accounts and reports |
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548 | 548 | | shall make such transfer. The chairperson of the pooled money investment |
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591 | 591 | | 43 SB 115 8 |
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592 | 592 | | board shall transmit a copy of such authorization to the director of |
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593 | 593 | | legislative research and the director of the budget. |
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594 | 594 | | (2) (A) On or before June 30, 2019, the director of accounts and |
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595 | 595 | | reports shall transfer an amount equal to |
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596 | 596 | | 1 |
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597 | 597 | | /6 of the amount transferred |
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598 | 598 | | pursuant to subsection (m)(1) from the state general fund to the pooled |
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599 | 599 | | money investment portfolio. |
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600 | 600 | | (B) On or before June 30, 2020, the director of accounts and reports |
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601 | 601 | | shall transfer an amount equal to |
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602 | 602 | | 1 |
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603 | 603 | | /2 of the amount transferred pursuant to |
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604 | 604 | | subsection (m)(1), reduced by the amount transferred pursuant to |
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605 | 605 | | subsection (m)(2)(A) from the state general fund to the pooled money |
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606 | 606 | | investment portfolio. |
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607 | 607 | | (C) On or before June 30, 2021, and June 30, 2022, during each such |
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608 | 608 | | fiscal year, the director of accounts and reports shall transfer an amount |
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609 | 609 | | equal to |
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610 | 610 | | 1 |
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611 | 611 | | /2 of the amount transferred pursuant to subsection (m)(1), |
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612 | 612 | | reduced by the amount transferred pursuant to subsection (m)(2)(A) and |
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613 | 613 | | (m)(2)(B) from the state general fund to the pooled money investment |
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614 | 614 | | portfolio. |
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615 | 615 | | (3) During the fiscal year ending June 30, 2018, after any transfer |
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616 | 616 | | made pursuant to subsection (m)(1), the pooled money investment board |
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617 | 617 | | shall authorize the director of accounts and reports to transfer the |
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618 | 618 | | remaining amount of all investments and reinvestments of state moneys |
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619 | 619 | | liquidated pursuant to K.S.A. 75-2263(j), and amendments thereto, from |
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620 | 620 | | the pooled money investment portfolio to the state general fund. Upon |
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621 | 621 | | receipt of such authorization, the director of accounts and reports shall |
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622 | 622 | | make such transfer. The chairperson of the pooled money investment |
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623 | 623 | | board shall transmit a copy of such authorization to the director of |
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624 | 624 | | legislative research and the director of the budget. |
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625 | 625 | | (4) (A) On or before June 30, 2019, the director of accounts and |
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626 | 626 | | reports shall transfer an amount equal to |
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627 | 627 | | 1 |
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628 | 628 | | /6 of the amount transferred |
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629 | 629 | | pursuant to subsection (m)(3) from the state general fund to the pooled |
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630 | 630 | | money investment portfolio. |
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631 | 631 | | (B) On or before June 30, 2020, the director of accounts and reports |
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632 | 632 | | shall transfer an amount equal to |
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633 | 633 | | 1 |
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634 | 634 | | /2 of the amount transferred pursuant to |
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635 | 635 | | subsection (m)(3), reduced by the amount transferred pursuant to |
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636 | 636 | | subsection (m)(4)(A) from the state general fund to the pooled money |
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637 | 637 | | investment portfolio. |
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638 | 638 | | (C) On or before June 30, 2021, and June 30, 2022, during each such |
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639 | 639 | | fiscal year, the director of accounts and reports shall transfer an amount |
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640 | 640 | | equal to |
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642 | 642 | | /2 of the amount transferred pursuant to subsection (m)(3), |
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643 | 643 | | reduced by the amount transferred pursuant to subsection (m)(4)(A) and |
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644 | 644 | | (m)(4)(B) from the state general fund to the pooled money investment |
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645 | 645 | | portfolio Investments in specie legal tender under subsection (a)(5) shall |
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646 | 646 | | not exceed 20% of the total amount of the pooled money investment |
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689 | 689 | | 43 SB 115 9 |
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690 | 690 | | portfolio at the time such investment is made. |
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691 | 691 | | Sec. 12. K.S.A. 2024 Supp. 75-4209 is hereby repealed. |
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692 | 692 | | Sec. 13. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after its |
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693 | 693 | | publication in the statute book. |
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