Alabama House Bill HB163

Alabama 2025 Regular Session

• Introduced: 2/4/25
• Refer: 2/4/25
• Report Pass: 2/19/25
• Engrossed: 2/25/25
• Refer: 2/27/25
• Report Pass: 4/23/25
• Enrolled: 5/6/25
• Passed: 5/14/25

Caption

Decoupling the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TJCA) Amendment to Section 174 of the Internal Revenue Code

Impact

If enacted, HB163 would modify existing tax statutes under the Code of Alabama, specifically Chapters 16 and 18 of Title 40. By allowing taxpayers to deduct research and experimental costs in the same manner as prior to the TCJA amendment, the bill seeks to encourage investment in research and experimental projects within Alabama. This retroactive effect, effective from tax years beginning January 1, 2024, signifies a potential shift in fiscal policy aimed at supporting local businesses engaged in innovation.

Summary

HB163 proposes to decouple Alabama's income tax provisions from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) amendment relating to the amortization of research and experimental expenditures. The bill aims to revert these expenditures to their pre-2022 treatment under federal law, allowing taxpayers the option to either deduct such expenses immediately or defer them. This change impacts Alabama tax calculations for businesses engaging in research and development activities, potentially making the state more attractive for innovation-driven enterprises.

Sentiment

The sentiment around HB163 appears to be favorable, with the bill receiving strong bipartisan support evidenced by the unanimous passage in the House. Proponents argue that restoring immediate deductions for research expenditures will bolster economic development and job creation in Alabama by incentivizing businesses to invest in research and development. There is a general consensus among supporters that such incentives are crucial for attracting and retaining businesses focused on innovation.

Contention

While the majority of the discussion around HB163 has been positive, some concerns may emerge regarding the long-term fiscal implications of decoupling from federal tax provisions. Critics of similar measures in other states often express worries about potential revenue losses for the state due to increased deductions. However, the benefits of enhancing Alabama's attractiveness for research investment seem to outweigh these concerns among legislators, reflecting a broader strategy to position the state as a hub for innovation.