1 of 39 HOUSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 4255 The Commonwealth of Massachusetts —————— INITIATIVE PETITION OF SARKO GERGERIAN AND OTHERS OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY. BOSTON, JANUARY 16, 2024. Steven T. James Clerk of the House of Representatives State House Boston, Massachusetts 02133 Sir: — I herewith transmit to you, in accordance with the requirements of Article XLVIII of the Amendments to the Constitution “An Initiative Petition for a Law Relative to the Regulation and Taxation of Natural Psychedelic Substance,” signed by ten qualified voters and filed with this department on or before December 6, 2023, together with additional signatures of qualified voters in the number of 96,277, being a sufficient number to comply with the Provisions of said Article. Sincerely, WILLIAM FRANCIS GALVIN Secretary of the Commonwealth. AN INITIATIVE PETITION. Pursuant to Article XLVIII of the Amendments to the Constitution of the Commonwealth, as amended, the undersigned qualified voters of the Commonwealth, ten in number at least, hereby petition for the enactment into law of the following measure: 2 of 39 FILED ON: 1/23/2024 HOUSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 4255 The Commonwealth of Massachusetts _______________ In the One Hundred and Ninety-Third General Court (2023-2024) _______________ An Act relative to the regulation and taxation of natural psychedelic substances. Be it enacted by the People, and by their authority, as follows: 1 SECTION 1. The purpose of this act is to establish a new, compassionate, culturally 2responsible, and effective approach to natural psychedelic substances by: (a) establishing 3regulated access for adults 21 years of age and older to natural psychedelic substances that show 4therapeutic potential in increasing well-being and life satisfaction and improving mental health; 5and (b) adopting a public health approach to natural psychedelic substances by removing 6criminal penalties for limited personal use by adults 21 years of age and older. Its intent is to 7remove the personal use of natural psychedelic substances from the illicit market and to provide 8supervised, safe access in a therapeutic setting through a regulated and taxed system. To the 9fullest extent possible, its terms are to be interpreted in accordance with the purpose and intent 10set forth in this section. 11 SECTION 2. This act may be known as "The Natural Psychedelic Substances Act." 12 SECTION 3. Chapter 10 of the General Laws is hereby amended by inserting after 13section 78 the following sections: 3 of 39 14 Section 79. Natural Psychedelic Substances Commission 15 (a) There shall be a Massachusetts natural psychedelic substances commission which 16shall consist of 5 commissioners: 1 of whom shall be appointed by the governor and shall have a 17background in psychedelic research and science; 1 of whom shall be appointed by the attorney 18general and shall have a background in public safety; 1 of whom shall be appointed by the 19treasurer and receiver general and shall have experience in corporate management, finance or 20securities; and 2 of whom shall be appointed by a majority vote of the governor, attorney general 21and treasurer and receiver general, 1 of whom shall have professional experience in oversight or 22industry management, including the provision of services, in a regulated industry and 1 of whom 23shall have a background related to Indigenous or traditional uses of natural psychedelic 24substances. The treasurer and receiver general shall designate the chair of the commission. The 25chair shall serve in that capacity throughout the term of appointment and until a successor shall 26be appointed. Prior to appointment to the commission, a background investigation shall be 27conducted into the financial stability, integrity and responsibility of a candidate, including the 28candidate's reputation for good character and honesty. No person who has been convicted of a 29felony shall be eligible to serve on the commission. 30 (b) Each commissioner shall be a resident of the commonwealth within 90 days of 31appointment and, while serving on the commission, shall not: (i) hold, or be a candidate for, 32federal, state or local elected office; (ii) hold an appointed office in a federal, state or local 33government; or (iii) serve as an official in a political party. Not more than 3 commissioners shall 34be from the same political party. 4 of 39 35 (c) Each commissioner shall serve for a term of 5 years or until a successor is appointed 36and shall be eligible for reappointment; provided, however, that no commissioner shall serve 37more than 10 years. A person appointed to fill a vacancy in the office of a commissioner shall be 38appointed in a like manner and shall serve for only the unexpired term of that commissioner. 39 (d) The governor, attorney general or treasurer and receiver general may remove a 40commissioner who was appointed by that appointing authority if the commissioner: (i) is guilty 41of malfeasance in office; (ii) substantially neglects the duties of a commissioner; (iii) is unable to 42discharge the powers and duties of the office; (iv) commits gross misconduct; or (v) is convicted 43of a felony. Before removal, the commissioner shall be provided with a written statement of the 44reasons for removal and an opportunity to be heard. 45 (e) The governor, attorney general and treasurer and receiver general may, by majority 46vote, remove a commissioner who was appointed by majority vote of the governor, attorney 47general and treasurer and receiver general if the commissioner: (i) is guilty of malfeasance in 48office; (ii) substantially neglects the duties of a commissioner; (iii) is unable to discharge the 49powers and duties of the commissioner's office; (iv) commits gross misconduct; or (v) is 50convicted of a felony. Before removal, the commissioner shall be provided with a written 51statement of the reason for removal and an opportunity to be heard. 52 (f) Three commissioners shall constitute a quorum and the affirmative vote of 3 53commissioners shall be required for an action of the commission. The chair or 3 members of the 54commission may call a meeting; provided, however, that notice of all meetings shall be given to 55each commissioner and to other persons who request such notice. The commission shall adopt 5 of 39 56regulations establishing procedures, which may include electronic communications, by which a 57request to receive notice shall be made and the method by which timely notice may be given. 58 (g) Commissioners shall receive salaries not greater than .75 of the salary of the secretary 59of administration and finance under section 4 of chapter 7; provided, however, that the chair 60shall receive a salary equal to the salary of the secretary of administration and finance. 61Commissioners shall devote their full time and attention to the duties of their office. 62 (h) The commission shall annually elect 1 of its members to serve as secretary and 1 of 63its members to serve as treasurer. The secretary shall keep a record of the proceedings of the 64commission and shall be the custodian and keeper of the records of all books, documents and 65papers filed by the commission and of its minute book. The secretary shall cause copies to be 66made of all minutes and other records and documents of the commission and shall certify that 67such copies are true copies and all persons dealing with the commission may rely upon such 68certification. 69 (i) The chair shall have and exercise supervision and control over all the affairs of the 70commission. The chair shall preside at all hearings at which the chair is present and shall 71designate a commissioner to act as chair in the chair's absence. To promote efficiency in 72administration, the chair shall make such division or re-division of the work of the commission 73among the commissioners as the chair deems expedient. 74 (j) The commissioners shall, if so directed by the chair, participate in the hearing and 75decision of any matter before the commission; provided, however, that at least 2 commissioners 76shall participate in the hearing and decision of matters other than those of formal or 77administrative character coming before the commission; and provided further, that any such 6 of 39 78matter may be heard, examined and investigated by an employee of the commission designated 79and assigned by the chair, with the concurrence of 1 other commissioner. Such employee shall 80make a report in writing relative to the hearing, examination and investigation of every such 81matter to the commission for its decision. For the purposes of hearing, examining and 82investigating any such matter, such employee shall have all of the powers conferred upon a 83commissioner by this section. For each hearing, the concurrence of a majority of the 84commissioners participating in the decision shall be necessary. 85 (k) The commission shall appoint an executive director. The executive director shall 86serve at the pleasure of the commission, shall receive such salary as may be determined by the 87commission, and shall devote full time and attention to the duties of the office. The executive 88director shall be a person with skill and experience in management, shall be the executive and 89administrative head of the commission and shall be responsible for administering and enforcing 90the law relative to the commission and to each administrative unit thereof. The executive director 91shall appoint and employ a chief financial and accounting officer and may, subject to the 92approval of the commission, employ other employees, consultants, agents and advisors, 93including legal counsel, and shall attend meetings of the commission. The chief financial and 94accounting officer of the commission shall be in charge of its funds, books of account and 95accounting records. No funds shall be transferred by the commission without the approval of the 96commission and the signatures of the chief financial and accounting officer and the treasurer of 97the commission. In the case of an absence or vacancy in the office of the executive director or in 98the case of disability as determined by the commission, the commission may designate an acting 99executive director to serve as executive director until the vacancy is filled or the absence or 7 of 39 100disability ceases. The acting executive director shall have all of the powers and duties of the 101executive director and shall have similar qualifications as the executive director. 102 (l) Chapters 268A and 268B shall apply to the commissioners and to employees of the 103commission; provided, however, that the commission shall establish a code of ethics for all 104members and employees that shall be more restrictive than said chapters 268A and 268B. A copy 105of the code shall be filed with the state ethics commission. The code shall include provisions 106reasonably necessary to carry out the purposes of this section and any other laws subject to the 107jurisdiction of the commission including, but not limited to: (i) prohibiting the receipt of gifts by 108commissioners and employees from any natural psychedelic substance licensee, applicant, close 109associate, affiliate or other person or entity subject to the jurisdiction of the commission; (ii) 110prohibiting the participation by commissioners and employees in a particular matter as defined in 111section 1 of said chapter 268A that affects the financial interest of a relative within the third 112degree of consanguinity or a person with whom such commissioner or employee has a significant 113relationship as defined in the code; and (iii) providing for recusal of a commissioner in a 114licensing decision due to a potential conflict of interest. 115 (m) The Massachusetts natural psychedelic substances commission shall be a commission 116for the purposes of section 3 of chapter 12. 117 (n) The commission shall, for the purposes of compliance with state finance law, operate 118as a state agency as defined in section 1 of chapter 29 and shall be subject to the laws applicable 119to agencies under the control of the governor; provided, however, that the instructions or actions 120necessary for the department to manage fiscal operations in the state accounting system and meet 121statewide and other governmental accounting and audit standards. The commission shall 8 of 39 122properly classify its operating and capital expenditures, and shall not include any salaries of 123employees in the commission's capital expenditures. Unless otherwise exempted by law or the 124applicable central service agency, the commission shall participate in any other available 125commonwealth central services including, but not limited to, the state payroll system pursuant to 126section 31 of said chapter 29, and may purchase other goods and services provided by state 127agencies in accordance with comptroller provisions. The comptroller may chargeback the 128commission for the transition and ongoing costs for participation in the state accounting and 129payroll systems and may retain and expend such costs without further appropriation for the 130purposes of this section. The commission shall be subject to section 5D and subsection (f) of 131section 6B of said chapter 29. 132 Section 80. Natural Psychedelic Substances Advisory Board 133 (a) There shall be a natural psychedelic substances advisory board to study and make 134recommendations to the Massachusetts natural psychedelic substances commission on the 135regulation and taxation of natural psychedelic substances. The board shall consist of: the 136executive director of the Massachusetts natural psychedelic substances commission who shall 137serve as chair; the secretary of health and human services or a designee; the commissioner of 138revenue or a designee; the commissioner of public health or a designee; the colonel of the state 139police or a designee; 5 persons appointed by the governor, 1 of whom shall be a person with 140expertise in mental or behavioral health, 1 of whom shall be a person with expertise in natural 141psychedelic substance therapy, 1 of whom shall be a person with expertise on issues confronting 142veterans, 1 of whom shall be a person with expertise in developing and implementing evaluation 143methodologies to assess the outcomes of a program, including its achievements, safety, quality, 144and impact on individuals, and 1 person with expertise in Indigenous uses of natural psychedelic 9 of 39 145substances; 5 persons appointed by the attorney general, I of whom shall be a person with 146expertise in health care insurance or barriers in access to healthcare, 1 of whom shall be a person 147with expertise in emergency medical services or first responders, 1 of whom shall be a person 148with expertise in mycology and natural psychedelic substance cultivation, 1 of whom shall be a 149person with expertise with experience in training psychedelic-assisted facilitators, and 1 person 150with expertise in Indigenous uses of natural psychedelic substances; and 5 persons appointed by 151the treasurer and receiver-general, 1 of whom shall be a person with expertise in harm reduction, 1521 of whom shall be a person with expertise in municipal psychedelic policy, 1 of whom shall be 153a person with expertise in natural psychedelic substance research, 1 of whom shall be a person 154who is a peer recovery coach or a certified peer specialist with experience in peer support 155training and certification in Massachusetts, and 1 person with expertise in Indigenous uses of 156natural psychedelic substances. Members of the board shall serve for terms of 2 years or until a 157successor is appointed and shall be eligible for reappointment. Members of the board shall serve 158without compensation but shall be reimbursed for their expenses actually and necessarily 159incurred in the discharge of their official duties. Members of the board shall not be state 160employees under chapter 268A by virtue of their service on the board. To take action at a 161meeting, a majority of the members of the board present and voting shall constitute a quorum. 162 (b) The advisory board shall: 163 (i) consider all matters submitted to it by the commission; 164 (ii) advise the commission on guidelines, rules and regulations including: 10 of 39 165 (A) accurate and culturally appropriate public health approaches regarding use, effect, 166and risk reduction for natural psychedelic substances and the content and scope of educational 167campaigns related to natural psychedelic substances; 168 (B) research related to the efficacy and regulation of natural psychedelic substances, 169including recommendations related to product safety, harm reduction, and cultural responsibility; 170 (C) training programs, educational and experiential requirements, different tiers of 171licensing, scope of practice, and qualifications for facilitators that protect participant safety, 172increase access to services, and reduce barriers to licensure, giving consideration to existing 173education and certification models in Massachusetts, including the peer support certification 174model, and how to best protect existing veterans groups that use natural psychedelic substances 175and members of other self-regulating communities; 176 (D) affordable, equitable, ethical, inclusive, and culturally responsible access to natural 177psychedelic services and requirements to ensure access to regulated natural psychedelic 178substances is affordable, equitable, ethical, inclusive, and culturally responsible; 179 (E) protecting traditional uses and practices related to natural psychedelic substances and 180access voluntary training and best practices that advance safety and reduce harm of use that 181remains outside the regulated system; 182 (F) requirements, methods, reporting, and publication of information pertaining to the 183implementation and outcomes of this act, in order to comprehensively measure its success, 184safety, quality, impact on individuals' well-being and public health; 11 of 39 185 (G) sustainability issues related to natural psychedelic substances and impact on 186Indigenous cultures and document existing reciprocity efforts and continuing support measures 187that are needed; 188 (H) potential future regulation and use of additional psychedelic substances with 189therapeutic potential, beyond those included in this chapter; and 190 (I) appropriate amounts of plants or fungi containing natural psychedelic substances that 191are equivalent to the personal use amounts set forth in section 5(b) of chapter 94J. 192 (c) The chair may appoint subcommittees in order to expedite the work of the board; 193provided, however, that the chair shall appoint at a minimum: 194 (i) a subcommittee on public health to develop recommendations on public health issues; 195 (ii) a subcommittee on public safety to develop recommendations on law enforcement 196and first responder training; 197 (iii) a subcommittee on natural psychedelic substance cultivation, distribution, and 198administration to develop recommendations on testing and licensing; 199 (iv) a subcommittee on facilitator licensing, scope of practice, and training; 200 (v) a subcommittee on natural psychedelic research; 201 (vi) a subcommittee on implementation and outcomes to develop recommendations on 202the requirements, methods, and reporting of information to measure the act's success, safety, 203quality, and impact on individuals' well-being; 12 of 39 204 (vii) a subcommittee on program participation and equity to develop recommendations on 205supporting women, minority and veteran-owned businesses, individuals with experience in the 206traditional use of natural psychedelic substances, and cooperative ownership models; and 207 (viii) a subcommittee on the Indigenous and traditional uses of natural psychedelic 208substances. 209 SECTION 4. The General Laws are hereby amended by inserting after chapter 64N the 210following chapter: 211 CHAPTER 64O. 212 NATURAL PSYCHEDELIC SUBSTANCES TAX. 213 Section 1. Definitions. As used in this chapter, the following words shall, unless the 214context clearly requires otherwise, have the following meanings: 215 (a) "Commissioner", the commissioner of revenue. 216 (b) "Natural psychedelic substances" as defined in chapter 94J of the General Laws. 217 Section 2. State excise imposition; rate; payment. An excise tax is hereby imposed upon 218the sale of natural psychedelic substances to anyone other than a natural psychedelic substance 219licensee at a rate of 15 percent of the total sales price received by the seller as a consideration for 220the sale. The excise tax shall be levied in addition to state tax imposed upon the sale of property 221or services as provided in section 2 of chapter 64H of the General Laws and shall be paid by the 222seller to the commissioner at the time provided for filing the return required by section 16 of 223chapter 62C of the General Laws. 13 of 39 224 Section 3. Local tax option. 225 (a) Any city or town that accepts this section in the manner provided in section 4 of 226chapter 4 of the General Laws may impose a local sales tax upon the sale or transfer of natural 227psychedelic substance by a licensee operating within the city or town to anyone other than a 228natural psychedelic substance licensee at a rate not greater than 2 percent of the total sales price 229received by the seller for the sale of any natural psychedelic substance. The seller shall pay a 230local sales tax imposed under this section to the commissioner at the same time and in the same 231manner as the sales tax due to the commonwealth. 232 (b) All sums received by the commissioner under this section shall at least quarterly be 233distributed, credited and paid by the state treasurer upon certification of the commissioner to 234each city or town that has accepted this section in proportion to the amount of such sums 235received in the city or town. Any city or town seeking to dispute the commissioner's calculation 236of its distribution under this subsection shall notify the commissioner, in writing, not later than 1 237year from the date the tax was distributed by the commissioner to the city or town. 238 (c) This section shall take effect in a city or town on the first day of the calendar quarter 239following 30 days after its acceptance by the city or town or on the first day of a later calendar 240quarter that the city or town may designate. 241 Section 4. Application of tax revenue. The commissioner shall deposit revenue collected 242pursuant to this chapter, other than revenue collected pursuant to section 2 of chapter 64H of the 243General Laws, in the Natural Psychedelic Substances Regulation Fund established by section 12 244of chapter 94J of the General Laws and it shall be subject to appropriation. 14 of 39 245 SECTION 5. The General Laws are hereby amended by inserting after chapter 94I the 246following chapter: 247 CHAPTER 94J. 248 REGULATED ACCESS TO NATURAL PSYCHEDELIC SUBSTANCES NOT 249MEDICALLY PRESCRIBED 250 Section 1. Definitions. As used in this chapter, the following words shall, unless the 251context clearly requires otherwise, have the following meanings: 252 (a) "Administration session" means a session held at a psychedelic therapy center or 253another location as permitted by regulation adopted by the commission at which a participant 254consumes, and experiences the effects of, a natural psychedelic substance under the supervision 255of a facilitator or facilitators. 256 (b) "Advisory board" means the natural psychedelic substances advisory board, 257established in section 80 of chapter 10 of the General Laws. 258 (c) "Commission" means the natural psychedelic substances commission established in 259section 79 of chapter 10 of the General Laws. 260 (d) "Cultivate" means the growing and cultivating of natural psychedelic substances. 261 (e) "Facilitator" means a person licensed by the commission who: 262 (1) is 21 years of age or older; 263 (2) has agreed to provide natural psychedelic services to a participant; and 15 of 39 264 (3) has met the requirements established by the commission. 265 A facilitator may be paid compensation for natural psychedelic services or for natural 266psychedelic substances and may provide natural psychedelic services to more than one 267participant at a time in group administration sessions. A facilitator is not required to provide the 268natural psychedelic substances. 269 (f) "Integration session" means a meeting between a participant and facilitator, or other 270authorized person, that occurs after the participant has completed an administration session. 271 (g) "Natural psychedelic substance" means the following substances from a plant or 272fungus and any plant, fungus or preparation containing those substances: 273 (1) Dimethyltryptamine; 274 (2) Mescaline; 275 (3) Ibogaine; 276 (4) Psilocybin; or 277 (5) Psilocyn. 278 "Natural psychedelic substance" does not mean a synthetic or synthetic analog of any of 279these substances, nor does it mean peyote, including all parts of the plant classified botanically as 280Lophophora williamsii, whether growing or not, its seeds, any extract from any part of the plant, 281and every compound, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of the plant, or its seeds or extracts. 282 (h) "Natural psychedelic substance licensee" means an individual or an entity licensed by 283the commission pursuant to this chapter. 16 of 39 284 (i) "Natural psychedelic services" means services provided by a facilitator or facilitators 285or other authorized person to a participant before, during, and after the participant's consumption 286of a natural psychedelic substance, including, at minimum: 287 (1) A preparation session; 288 (2) An administration session; and 289 (3) An integration session. 290 (j) "Participant" means a person 21 years of age or older who purchases or receives a 291natural psychedelic substance from a natural psychedelic substance licensee for use in 292conjunction with natural psychedelic services at an approved location and under the supervision 293of a facilitator. 294 (k) "Preparation session" means a meeting between a participant and a facilitator, or other 295authorized person, that occurs before the participant participates in the administration session. 296 (l) "Preparation" means a combination of substances from plants or fungi and other 297ingredients, which is intended for use or consumption. 298 (m) "Process" means the separation of substances from plants or fungi using physical 299separation or a solvent, and includes the combining of substances with other ingredients to make 300preparations. 301 (n) "Psychedelic therapy center" means an entity licensed by the commission: 302 (1) That, as permitted pursuant to its license, purchases, acquires, cultivates, processes, 303transports, tests, or sells one or more natural psychedelic substances or related supplies; or 17 of 39 304provides natural psychedelic substances for natural psychedelic services at locations permitted 305by the commission; or engages in one or more of these activities; 306 (2) Where administration sessions are held; or 307 (3) Where natural psychedelic services are provided by a facilitator. 308 A psychedelic therapy center may receive payment for natural psychedelic services, 309natural psychedelic substances, or other related services and products. 310 Section 2. Limitations 311 (a) Operating under the influence. This chapter does not amend existing penalties for 312operating, navigating or being in actual physical control of any motor vehicle, train, aircraft, 313motorboat or other motorized form of transport or machinery while impaired by a natural 314psychedelic substance or for consuming a natural psychedelic substance while operating, 315navigating or being in actual physical control of any motor vehicle, train, aircraft, motorboat or 316other motorized form of transport or machinery. 317 (b) Transfer to or possession by a person under 21 years of age. This chapter shall not be 318construed to permit the knowing transfer of any natural psychedelic substance, with or without 319remuneration, to a person under 21 years of age or to allow a person under 21 years of age to 320possess, use, purchase, obtain, cultivate, process, prepare, deliver or sell or otherwise transfer 321any natural psychedelic substance. 322 (c) Retail sale of natural psychedelic substances. This chapter shall not be construed to 323permit the sale of natural psychedelic substances to an individual for use at a location not 18 of 39 324approved by the commission or for the purpose of consumption other than during an 325administration session. 326 (d) Property. This chapter shall not be construed to: 327 (l) prevent a person from prohibiting or otherwise regulating the consumption, display, 328cultivation, processing, or sale of natural psychedelic substances on or in property the person 329owns, occupies or manages; 330 (2) prevent the commonwealth, a subdivision thereof or local government agency from 331prohibiting or otherwise regulating the possession or consumption of natural psychedelic 332substances within a building owned, leased or occupied by the commonwealth, a political 333subdivision of the commonwealth or an agency of the commonwealth or a political subdivision 334of the commonwealth; or 335 (3) authorize the possession or consumption of natural psychedelic substances on the 336grounds of or within a public or private school where children attend classes in preschool 337programs, kindergarten programs or grades 1 to 12, inclusive, or on the grounds of or within any 338correctional facility. 339 (e) Employment. This chapter shall not require an employer to permit or accommodate 340conduct otherwise allowed by this chapter in the workplace and shall not affect the authority of 341employers to enact and enforce workplace policies restricting the consumption of natural 342psychedelic substances by employees. 343 (f) Negligent conduct. This chapter shall not amend existing penalties for conduct 344involving the performance of any task while impaired by a natural psychedelic substance that 19 of 39 345would constitute negligence or professional malpractice and shall not prevent the imposition of 346any civil, criminal or other penalty for such conduct. 347 (g) Adulteration and misbranding. This chapter shall not exempt natural psychedelic 348substances from sections 186 to 195, inclusive, of chapter 94 of the General Laws, relating to the 349adulteration and misbranding of food, drugs and various articles. A natural psychedelic substance 350prepared in compliance with the regulations under this chapter shall not be considered an 351adulterant or misbranded. 352 (h) Federal law. This chapter shall not be construed to: 353 (l) To require a person to violate a federal law; or 354 (2) To exempt a person from a federal law or obstruct the enforcement of a federal law. 355 Section 3. Local control 356 (a) A city or town may regulate the time, place, and manner of the operation of natural 357psychedelic substance licensees pursuant to this chapter within its boundaries. 358 (b) A city or town may not ban or completely prohibit the establishment or operation of 359natural psychedelic substance licensees operating in accordance with this chapter and 360commission rules within its boundaries. 361 (c) A city or town may not ban or completely prohibit the provision of natural 362psychedelic services offered in accordance with this chapter and commission rules. 363 (d) A city or town may not prohibit the transportation of natural psychedelic substances 364through its jurisdiction on public roads by a licensee or as otherwise allowed by this chapter. 20 of 39 365 (e) No agreement between a city or town and a natural psychedelic substance licensee 366shall require payment of a fee to that city or town that is not directly proportional and reasonably 367related to the costs imposed upon the city or town by the operation of a natural psychedelic 368substance licensee. Any cost to a city or town by the operation of a natural psychedelic substance 369licensee shall be documented and considered a public record as defined by clause Twenty-Sixth 370of section 7 of chapter 4 of the General Laws. 371 (f) A city or town may not adopt an ordinance or by-law that is unreasonably 372impracticable or in conflict with this act, but may enact ordinances or by-laws that impose lesser 373criminal or civil penalties related to natural psychedelic substances than provided by this act or 374other state law. 375 Section 4. Licensing of Natural Psychedelic Substances and Services 376 (a) The natural psychedelic substances commission shall, in consultation with the natural 377psychedelic substances advisory board and in accordance with chapter 30A of the General Laws, 378adopt regulations consistent with this chapter for the administration, clarification and 379enforcement of laws regulating and licensing the provision of natural psychedelic substances and 380services. The regulations shall include rules to: 381 (l) License qualified persons or entities for the following activities related to one or more 382natural psychedelic substances: cultivating, processing, transporting, testing, selling, operating a 383premises where natural psychedelic services take place, and facilitating natural psychedelic 384services that include: 385 (A) Establishing categories of licensure and registration that include, at minimum: 21 of 39 386 (i)a psychedelic therapy center license; 387 (ii)a facilitator license; 388 (iii) a cultivation, processing, or sales-only license that would allow for the provision 389and sale of natural psychedelic substances to a participant at the premises of a separately licensed 390psychedelic therapy center or approved location for use during an administration session at that 391psychedelic therapy center or approved location; and 392 (iv)a testing license for the testing of natural psychedelic substances for concentration 393and contaminants; 394 (B) Establishing license application, issuance, denial, renewal, suspension, and 395revocation procedures; and 396 (C) Establishing application, licensing and renewal fees that shall be: 397 (i)sufficient, but shall not exceed the amount necessary, to cover the cost of 398administering this chapter; and 399 (ii)for licensing and renewal fees, scaled based on either the volume of business of 400the licensee or the gross annual revenue of the licensee. 401 (2) Establish the requirements governing the safe provision of natural psychedelic 402services to participants that include: 403 (A) holding and verifying completion of a preparation session, an administration session, 404and an integration session; 22 of 39 405 (B) health and safety warnings that must be provided to participants before natural 406psychedelic services begin; 407 (C) educational materials that must be provided to participants before natural psychedelic 408services begin; 409 (D) a safety screen provided by a facilitator that a participant must complete prior to an 410administration session; 411 (E) the form that each facilitator and participant must sign before providing or receiving 412natural psychedelic services verifying that the participant was provided accurate and complete 413health information in accordance with commission rules, was informed of identified risk factors 414and contraindications, and provided informed consent to receive natural psychedelic services; 415 (F) proper supervision during the administration session and safe transportation for the 416participant when the session is complete; 417 (G) provisions for group administration sessions where one or more facilitators provide 418natural psychedelic services to more than one participant as part of the same administration 419session; 420 (H) provisions to allow a facilitator or a psychedelic therapy center to refuse to provide 421natural psychedelic services to a participant; 422 (I) the requirements and standards for testing of natural psychedelic substances for 423concentration and contaminants, to the extent available technology reasonably permits; 424 (J) the standards for advertising and marketing natural psychedelic substances and natural 425psychedelic services; 23 of 39 426 (K) insurance requirements to the extent such policies are commercially available and not 427cost-prohibitive; and 428 (L) age verification procedures to ensure that a participant is 21 years of age or older. 429 (3) Establish the requirements governing the licensing and practice of facilitators, that 430include: 431 (A) the scope of practice for facilitators; 432 (B) the qualifications, education, and training requirements that facilitators must meet 433before providing natural psychedelic services, that shall: 434 (i)be tiered to require varying levels of education and training depending on the 435participants the facilitator will be working with and the services the facilitator will be providing; 436 (ii)include education and training on participant safety; contraindications; mental 437health; mental state; physical health; physical state; social and cultural considerations; physical 438environment; preparation; integration; and ethics; 439 (iii)allow for limited waivers of education and training requirements based on an 440applicant's prior experience, training, or skill, including, but not limited to, with natural 441psychedelic substances; 442 (iv)not impose unreasonable financial or logistical barriers that make obtaining a 443facilitator license commercially unreasonable for low-income people; and 444 (v)not require a professional license or professional degree other than a facilitator 445license granted pursuant to this section for the first tier of licensing. 24 of 39 446 (C) procedures and policies that allow for paid compensation for natural psychedelic 447services and natural psychedelic substances; 448 (D) procedures and policies that allow for the provision of natural psychedelic services to 449more than one participant at a time in group administration sessions; 450 (E) oversight and supervision requirements for facilitators, including professional 451responsibility standards and continuing education requirements; 452 (F) a complaint, review, and disciplinary process for facilitators who engage in 453misconduct; and 454 (G) recordkeeping, privacy, and confidentiality requirements for facilitators, provided 455such record keeping does not result in the disclosure to the public or any government agency of 456personally identifiable information of participants. 457 (4) Establish the requirements governing the licensing and operation of psychedelic 458therapy centers and other licensees, that include: 459 (A) oversight requirements for natural psychedelic substance licensees; 460 (B) recordkeeping, privacy, and confidentiality requirements for natural psychedelic 461substance licensees, provided such record keeping does not result in the disclosure to the public 462or any government agency of personally identifiable information of participants; 463 (C) security requirements for natural psychedelic substance licensees, including 464requirements for protection of each licensed psychedelic therapy center location by a fully 465operational security alarm system; 25 of 39 466 (D) procedures and policies that allow for natural psychedelic substance licensees to 467receive payment for services and natural psychedelic substances provided; 468 (E) procedures and policies to ensure statewide access to psychedelic therapy centers and 469natural psychedelic services; 470 (F) rules that prohibit an individual from having a financial interest in more than 5 471psychedelic therapy centers; 472 (G) rules that allow for natural psychedelic substance licensees to share the same 473premises with other natural psychedelic substance licensees or to share the same premises with 474health-care facilities, so that a participant may receive natural psychedelic substances from one 475natural psychedelic substance licensee and complete the administration session at a separately- 476owned and approved location; 477 (H) rules that allow a psychedelic therapy center to provide natural psychedelic services 478to a participant on a separate psychedelic therapy center's premise, a licensed health-care facility, 479a private residence, or other location allowed by the commission; and 480 (I) rules that allow for approval of locations not owned by a psychedelic therapy center 481where natural psychedelic services may be provided by licensed facilitators, including but not 482limited to, health-care facilities and private residences. 483 (5) Establish procedures, policies, and programs to ensure that natural psychedelic 484substances licensing and the provision of natural psychedelic services is equitable and inclusive 485and to promote the licensing of and the provision of natural psychedelic services to persons from 486low-income communities; to persons who face barriers to access to health care; to persons who 26 of 39 487have a history of traditional or Indigenous use of natural psychedelic substances; and to persons 488who are veterans that include, but are not limited to: 489 (A) reduced fees for licensure and facilitator training programs and other support services 490for applicants which may include loans and grants; 491 (B) incentivizing the provision of natural psychedelic services at a reduced cost to low- 492income individuals; 493 (C) incentivizing geographic and cultural diversity in licensing and the provision and 494availability of natural psychedelic services; and 495 (D) a process for annually reviewing the effectiveness of such policies and programs 496promulgated under this subdivision. 497 (6) Gather and publish, on an annual basis, adequate information to facilitate research 498concerning the implementation, safety, equity, quality and outcomes of this chapter, following 499sound data and privacy protocols, without revealing any identifiable details pertaining to 500individual participants. 501 (7) Adopt, amend, and repeal rules as necessary to implement this chapter and to protect 502the public health and safety. 503 (b) The commission shall administer the laws and regulations relating to natural 504psychedelic substance licensees in this chapter. 505 (c) Upon receiving a complete application for a license under this chapter, the 506commission shall have 120 days to issue its decision on such application. 27 of 39 507 (d) The commission may suspend or revoke a natural psychedelic substances license 508under regulations made pursuant to this chapter upon written notice of a violation and, if 509applicable, an opportunity to cure any violation within 30 days of such notice. All natural 510psychedelic substance licensees shall be entitled to an adjudicatory hearing pursuant to chapter 51130A of the General Laws prior to suspension of a license for longer than 5 days or the revocation 512of a license. 513 (e) The commission shall enforce the laws and regulations relating to the cultivation, 514processing, preparing, delivery, storage, sale, facilitation, and testing of natural psychedelic 515substances and the provision of natural psychedelic services. The commission shall conduct 516investigations of compliance with this chapter and shall perform regular inspections of licensees 517and the books and records of licensees as necessary to enforce this chapter. The commission 518shall cooperate with appropriate state and local organizations to provide training to law 519enforcement officers of the commonwealth and its political subdivisions. 520 (f) The commission shall hold a public hearing before the adoption, amendment or repeal 521of any regulation. Adjudicatory proceedings shall be conducted pursuant to chapter 30A of the 522General Laws and to standard rules of adjudicatory procedure established pursuant to section 9 523of chapter 30A of the General Laws. 524 (g) The commission shall annually publish a full report of its actions during each year 525containing a comprehensive description of its activities and a statement of revenue and expenses 526of the commission. 28 of 39 527 (h) The commission shall deposit all license, registration and monetary penalties 528collected pursuant to this chapter in the Natural Psychedelic Substances Regulation Fund 529established by section 12 of this chapter. 530 (i) In carrying out its duties under this chapter, the commission shall consult with the 531natural psychedelic substances advisory board and may also consult with other state agencies or 532any other individual or entity the commission finds necessary. 533 Section 5. Personal use of natural psychedelic substances 534 (a) Notwithstanding any other general or special law to the contrary, except as otherwise 535provided in this chapter, a person 21 years of age or older shall not be arrested, prosecuted, 536penalized, sanctioned or disqualified under the laws of the commonwealth in any manner, or 537denied any right or privilege and shall not be subject to seizure or forfeiture of assets for: 538 (1) Possessing, using, processing, or testing not more than a personal use amount of a 539natural psychedelic substance; 540 (2) Possessing, cultivating, or processing plants or fungi capable of producing a natural 541psychedelic substance and possessing the natural psychedelic substance produced from those 542plants or fungi so long as: 543 (A) the plants or fungi being cultivated do not cumulatively exceed an area of more than 54412 feet wide by 12 feet long in one or more cultivation areas in or on the grounds of the 545residence of the person cultivating the natural psychedelic substance and are secured from access 546by persons under 21 years of age; and 29 of 39 547 (B) any natural psychedelic substances produced in excess of a personal use amount are 548kept in or on the grounds of the residence of the person cultivating the natural psychedelic 549substance and are secured from access by persons under 21 years of age. 550 (3) Assisting another person who is 21 years of age or older in any of the acts described 551in this section; and 552 (4) Giving away or otherwise transferring without remuneration not more than a personal 553use amount of a natural psychedelic substance to a person 21 years of age or older, so long as the 554transfer is not advertised or promoted to the public and is not part of a business promotion or 555other commercial activity. 556 (b) For purposes of this chapter, "personal use amount" means the following amounts of 557natural psychedelic substances per person: 558 (l) One (1) gram of dimethyltryptamine; 559 (2) Eighteen (18) grams of mescaline; 560 (3) Thirty (30) grams of ibogaine; 561 (4) One (l) gram of psilocybin; and 562 (5) One (l) gram of psilocyn. 563 "Personal use amount" does not include the weight of any material of which the 564substance is a part or to which the substance is added, dissolved, held in solution, or suspended, 565or ingredients or material combined with substances specified in this subsection from plants or 566fungi as part of a preparation. 30 of 39 567 (c) Notwithstanding any other general or special law to the contrary, except as otherwise 568provided in this chapter, a person shall not be arrested, prosecuted, penalized, sanctioned or 569otherwise denied any benefit and shall not be subject to seizure or forfeiture of assets for 570allowing property the person owns, occupies or manages to be used for any of the activities 571conducted lawfully under this chapter or for enrolling or employing a person who engages in 572natural psychedelic substance-related activities lawfully under this chapter. 573 (d) Absent clear, convincing and articulable evidence that the person's actions related to 574any natural psychedelic substance have created an unreasonable danger to the safety of a minor 575child, neither the presence of natural psychedelic substance components or metabolites in a 576person's bodily fluids nor conduct permitted under this chapter related to natural psychedelic 577substances by a person charged with the well-being of a child shall form the sole or primary 578basis for substantiation, service plans, removal or termination or for denial of custody, visitation, 579or any other parental right or responsibility. 580 (e) The use of natural psychedelic substances shall not disqualify a person from any 581needed medical procedure or medical treatment or any other lawful health related service. 582 (f) Nothing in this chapter shall restrict the sale, possession, display, or cultivation of 583living plants that were lawful prior to the enactment of this section. 584 (g) Engaging in natural psychedelic substance-related activities as permitted under this 585chapter shall not, by itself, be the basis to deny eligibility for any public assistance program, 586unless required by federal law. 587 (h) Nothing in this section shall be construed to allow a person to cultivate, process, or 588prepare a natural psychedelic substance in an inherently hazardous manner. 31 of 39 589 (i) Nothing in this section shall be construed to preclude any actions by a natural 590psychedelic substance licensee consistent with commission rule. 591 Section 6. Natural psychedelic substance paraphernalia authorized 592 Notwithstanding any general or special law to the contrary, except as otherwise provided 593in this chapter, a person 21 years of age or older shall not be arrested, prosecuted, penalized, 594sanctioned or disqualified and shall not be subject to seizure or forfeiture of assets for 595possessing, purchasing or otherwise obtaining or manufacturing paraphernalia used for natural 596psychedelic substance-related activities or for selling or otherwise transferring paraphernalia 597used for natural psychedelic substance-related activities to a person who is 21 years of age or 598older. 599 Section 7. Lawful operation of natural psychedelic substance licensees 600 (a) Notwithstanding any other general or special law to the contrary, except as otherwise 601provided in this chapter, actions and conduct permitted pursuant to a natural psychedelic 602substance license issued by the commission or otherwise permitted by commission rule, or by 603those who allow property to be used pursuant to a natural psychedelic substance license issued 604by the commission or as otherwise permitted by commission rule, are not unlawful and shall not 605be an offense under state law, or the laws of any locality within the state, or be subject to a civil 606fine, penalty, or sanction, or be a basis for detention, search, or arrest, or to deny any right or 607privilege, or to seize or forfeit assets under state law or the laws of any locality within the state. 608 (b) Nothing in this section shall be construed or interpreted to prevent the commission 609from enforcing its rules against a natural psychedelic substance licensee or to limit a state or 610local law enforcement agency's ability to investigate unlawful activity in relation to a licensee. 32 of 39 611 Section 8. Contracts pertaining to natural psychedelic substances enforceable 612 It is the public policy of the commonwealth that contracts related to natural psychedelic 613substances under this chapter shall be enforceable. A contract entered into by a natural 614psychedelic substance licensee or its agents as permitted pursuant to a valid license issued by the 615commission, or by those who allow property to be used by a natural psychedelic substance 616licensee or its agents as permitted pursuant to a valid license issued by the commission or as 617permitted by commission rule, shall not be unenforceable or void exclusively because the actions 618or conduct permitted pursuant to the license is prohibited by federal law. 619 Section 9. Provision of professional services 620 A person engaged in a profession or occupation subject to licensure shall not be subject 621to disciplinary action by a professional licensing board solely for providing professional services 622related to activity permitted under this chapter that is not subject to criminal penalty under the 623laws of the commonwealth. This section does not permit a person to engage in malpractice or to 624violate the standards of professional practice for which a person is licensed. 625 Section 10. Insurance 626 Unless required by federal law, mental health, substance use disorder, or behavioral 627health services otherwise covered under MassHealth shall not be denied on the basis that they are 628covered in conjunction with natural psychedelic services or that natural psychedelic substances 629are prohibited by federal law. No insurance or insurance provider is required to cover the cost of 630a natural psychedelic substance itself. 631 Section 11. Penalties 33 of 39 632 (a) Restrictions on access by persons under 21. A person who violates section 5(a)(2) of 633this chapter by failing to secure plants, fungi, or natural psychedelic substances from access by 634persons under 21 years of age shall be punished by a civil penalty of not more than $100 and 635forfeiture of the natural psychedelic substance. 636 (b) Restrictions on possession in excess of the personal use amount. A person who is at 637least 21 years of age and who possesses an amount of a natural psychedelic substance that is 638more than the personal use amount but not more than double the personal use amount, except as 639permitted by section 5(a)(2) of this chapter, shall be subject to a civil penalty of not more than 640$100 and forfeiture of the natural psychedelic substance, but shall not be subject to any other 641form of criminal or civil punishment or disqualification solely for this conduct. 642 (c) Restrictions on public consumption of natural psychedelic substances. No person shall 643consume any natural psychedelic substance in a public place. A person who violates this 644subsection shall be punished by a civil penalty of not more than $100. This subsection shall not 645apply to a person who consumes a natural psychedelic substance at a location licensed or 646approved by the commission to provide natural psychedelic services. 647 (d) Possession by a person under 21 years of age. A person under 21 years of age who 648possesses not more than a personal use amount of a natural psychedelic substance shall be 649punished by a civil penalty of not more than $100 and shall complete a drug awareness program 650established pursuant to section 32M of chapter 94C of the General Laws. The parents or legal 651guardian of any offender under the age of 18 shall be notified in accordance with section 32N of 652chapter 94C of the General Laws and the failure within I year of the offense of such an offender 34 of 39 653to complete a drug awareness program may be a basis for delinquency proceedings for persons 654under the age of 17 at the time of the person's offense. 655 (e) Enforcement. Civil penalties imposed pursuant to this section shall be enforced by 656utilizing the non-criminal disposition procedures provided in section 32N of chapter 94C of the 657General Laws. 658 Section 12. Natural Psychedelic Substances Regulation Fund 659 (a) There shall be established and set up on the books of the commonwealth a separate 660fund, to be known as the Natural Psychedelic Substances Regulation Fund. It shall, subject to 661appropriation, consist of all monies received on account of the commonwealth as a result of 662applications for and licensing under this chapter, all civil penalties received for violations of this 663chapter, revenue generated by the state tax imposed by section 2 of chapter 64O of the General 664Laws and interest earned or other income on balances in the fund. 665 (b) Subject to appropriation, the fund shall be expended first for the implementation, 666administration and enforcement of this chapter by the commission. 667 SECTION 6. Notwithstanding any general or special law to the contrary, in making 668initial appointments to the natural psychedelic substances commission established in section 79 669of chapter 10 of the General Laws, of the members to be appointed by majority agreement of the 670governor, the attorney general, and the treasurer and receiver general, 1 commissioner shall be 671appointed for a term of 3 years and 1 shall be appointed for a term of 4 years. The commissioner 672to be appointed by the treasurer and receiver general shall serve for a term of 5 years, the 673commissioners to be appointed by the attorney general shall serve for a term of 6 years and the 674commissioner appointed by the governor shall serve for a term of 7 years. Commissioners shall 35 of 39 675be appointed by March 1, 2025; provided, however, that no person shall be allowed to serve on 676the commission prior to the completion of a background investigation check pursuant to said 677section 79 of said chapter 10. 678 SECTION 7. Notwithstanding any general or special law to the contrary, the initial 679appointments to the natural psychedelic substance advisory board established in section 80 of 680chapter 10 of the General Laws shall be made by March 1, 2025. 681 The advisory board shall meet at least quarterly until January 1, 2028, and thereafter at a 682frequency of its choosing. 683 SECTION 8. The natural psychedelic substances commission shall promulgate 684regulations under section 4 of chapter 94J of the General Laws concerning at least one natural 685psychedelic substance not later than April 1, 2026, provided that regulations concerning all 686natural psychedelic substances are promulgated not later than April 1, 2028. 687 SECTION 9. The natural psychedelic substances commission shall begin accepting 688applications for licensure under section 4 of chapter 94J of the General Laws not later than 689September 30, 2026. 690 SECTION 10. This act shall take effect on December 15, 2024. 36 of 39 FIRST TEN SIGNERS NAMERESIDENCECITY OR T OWNSARKO GERGERIAN93 PLEASANT S TREETWINTHROPFRANKLIN KING, IV19 ARBOROUGH R OAD BOSTONBRIAN M CGEENEY115 MOSS HILL R OADBOSTONMEREDITH LL MOGHIMI14 SULLIVAN S TREET, # 2BOSTONJENNIFER S. FRUTCHY43 LARCHWOOD DRIVECAMBRIDGEEDWARD W. F ORD43 LARCHWOOD DRIVECAMBRIDGECASEY LEAVER215 TREMONT S TREETMANSFIELDADAM F INE81 WABAN AVENUENEWTONDAVID M. ULLIAN174 HOWARD S TREETMELROSESTEVEN C ROTEAU408 DOUGLAS S TREETUXBRIDGE 37 of 39 CERTIFICATE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL. Honorable William Francis Galvin Secretary of the Commonwealth One Ashburton Place, Room 1705 Boston, Massachusetts 02108 RE: Initiative Petition No. 23-13: An Act relative to the regulation and taxation of natural psychedelic substances Dear Secretary Galvin: In accordance with the provisions of Article 48 of the Amendments to the Massachusetts Constitution, I have reviewed the above-referenced initiative petition, which was submitted to me on or before the first Wednesday of August of this year. I hereby certify that this measure is in proper form for submission to the people; that the measure is not, either affirmatively or negatively, substantially the same as any measure which has been qualified for submission or submitted to the people at either of the two preceding biennial state elections; and that it contains only subjects that are related or are mutually dependent and which are not excluded from the initiative process pursuant to Article 48, the Initiative, Part 2, Section 2. In accordance with Article 48, I enclose a fair, concise summary of the measure. Sincerely, ANDREA JOY CAMPBELL, Attorney General. 38 of 39 Summary of 23-13 This proposed law would allow persons aged 21 and older to grow, possess, and use certain natural psychedelic substances in certain circumstances. The psychedelic substances allowed would be two substances found in mushrooms (psilocybin and psilocyn) and three substances found in plants (dimethyltryptamine, mescaline, and ibogaine). These substances could be purchased at an approved location for use under the supervision of a licensed facilitator. This proposed law would otherwise prohibit any retail sale of natural psychedelic substances. This proposed law would also provide for the regulation and taxation of these psychedelic substances. This proposed law would license and regulate facilities offering supervised use of these psychedelic substances and provide for the taxation of proceeds from those facilities’ sales of psychedelic substances. It would also allow persons aged 21 and older to grow these psychedelic substances in a 12-foot by 12-foot area at their home and use these psychedelic substances at their home. This proposed law would authorize persons aged 21 or older to possess up to one gram of psilocybin, one gram of psilocyn, one gram of dimethyltryptamine, 18 grams of mescaline, and 30 grams of ibogaine (“personal use amount”), in addition to whatever they might grow at their home, and to give away up to the personal use amount to a person aged 21 or over. This proposed law would create a Natural Psychedelic Substances Commission of five members appointed by the Governor, Attorney General, and Treasurer which would administer the law governing the use and distribution of these psychedelic substances. The Commission would adopt regulations governing licensing qualifications, security, recordkeeping, education and training, health and safety requirements, testing, and age verification. This proposed law would also create a Natural Psychedelic Substances Advisory Board of 20 members appointed by the Governor, Attorney General, and Treasurer which would study and make recommendations to the Commission on the regulation and taxation of these psychedelic substances. This proposed law would allow cities and towns to reasonably restrict the time, place, and manner of the operation of licensed facilities offering psychedelic substances, but cities and towns could not ban those facilities or their provision of these substances. The proceeds of sales of psychedelic substances at licensed facilities would be subject to the state sales tax and an additional excise tax of 15 percent. In addition, a city or town could impose a separate tax of up to two percent. Revenue received from the additional state excise tax, license application fees, and civil penalties for violations of this proposed law would be deposited in a Natural Psychedelic Substances Regulation Fund and would be used, subject to appropriation, for administration of this proposed law. Using the psychedelic substances as permitted by this proposed law could not be a basis to deny a person medical care or public assistance, impose discipline by a professional licensing board, or enter adverse orders in child custody cases absent clear and convincing evidence that the activities created an unreasonable danger to the safety of a minor child. This proposed law would not affect existing laws regarding the operation of motor vehicles while under the influence, or the ability of employers to enforce workplace policies restricting the consumption of these psychedelic substances by employees. This proposed law would allow property owners to prohibit the use, display, growing, processing, or sale of these psychedelic substances on their premises. State and local 39 of 39 governments could continue to restrict the possession and use of these psychedelic substances in public buildings or at schools. This proposed law would take effect on December 15, 2024.