Massachusetts 2023-2024 Regular Session

Massachusetts Senate Bill S162 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.

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1	1	1 of 1
2	2	SENATE DOCKET, NO. 1218 FILED ON: 1/19/2023
3	3	SENATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 162
4	4	The Commonwealth of Massachusetts
5	5	_________________
6	6	PRESENTED BY:
7	7	James B. Eldridge
8	8	_________________
9	9	To the Honorable Senate and House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in General
10	10	Court assembled:
11	11	The undersigned legislators and/or citizens respectfully petition for the adoption of the accompanying bill:
12	12	An Act to enhance diversity in the awarding of liquor licenses.
13	13	_______________
14	14	PETITION OF:
15	15	NAME:DISTRICT/ADDRESS :James B. EldridgeMiddlesex and Worcester 1 of 15
16	16	SENATE DOCKET, NO. 1218 FILED ON: 1/19/2023
17	17	SENATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 162
18	18	By Mr. Eldridge, a petition (accompanied by bill, Senate, No. 162) of James B. Eldridge for
19	19	legislation to enhance diversity in the awarding of liquor licenses. Consumer Protection and
20	20	Professional Licensure.
21	21	[SIMILAR MATTER FILED IN PREVIOUS SESSION
22	22	SEE SENATE, NO. 2867 OF 2021-2022.]
23	23	The Commonwealth of Massachusetts
24	24	_______________
25	25	In the One Hundred and Ninety-Third General Court
26	26	(2023-2024)
27	27	_______________
28	28	An Act to enhance diversity in the awarding of liquor licenses.
29	29	Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Court assembled, and by the authority
30	30	of the same, as follows:
31	31	1 SECTION 1. Section 13A of chapter 30A of the General Laws, as appearing in the 2020
32	32	2Official Edition, is hereby amended by inserting after the word "number”, in line 4, the following
33	33	3words:- or for the purposes of chapter 138 an individual taxpayer identification number.
34	34	4 SECTION 2. Said section 13A of said chapter 30A, as so appearing, is hereby further
35	35	5amended by inserting after the word “number”, in lines 5, 7, the second time it appears, and 10,
36	36	6the following words:- or individual taxpayer identification number.
37	37	7 SECTION 3. Section 15 of chapter 138 of the General Laws, as so appearing, is hereby
38	38	8amended by striking out the first sentence and inserting in place thereof the following sentence:- 2 of 15
39	39	9 The local licensing authorities in any city or town which votes to authorize the granting
40	40	10of licenses for the sale of all alcoholic beverages, and such authorities in any city or town which
41	41	11votes to authorize the granting of licenses for the sale of wines and malt beverages only, may
42	42	12grant licenses for the sale at retail of such alcoholic beverages or wines and malt beverages, as
43	43	13the case may be, not to be drunk on the premises, to applicants therefor who hold a valid social
44	44	14security number or individual taxpayer identification number and are residents of the
45	45	15commonwealth, or partnerships composed solely of such individuals that hold a valid social
46	46	16security number or individual taxpayer identification number and are residents or to corporations
47	47	17organized under the laws of the commonwealth and whereof all directors shall hold a social
48	48	18security number or individual taxpayer identification number and a majority residents of the
49	49	19commonwealth or to limited liability companies or limited liability partnerships organized under
50	50	20the laws of the commonwealth, subject to such conditions as the commission may prescribe by
51	51	21regulation to address issues of residency and the requirements for a manager or principal
52	52	22representative of a non-citizen licensee under section 26 as qualifications for a limited liability
53	53	23company or limited liability partnership to hold a license pursuant to this section and sections 18,
54	54	2418A, 19, 19B and 19C, or to an applicant licensed to operate as a farmer-winery under said
55	55	25section 19B or in any other state.
56	56	26 SECTION 4. Section 18 of said chapter 138, as so appearing, is hereby amended by
57	57	27striking out the first sentence and inserting in place thereof the following sentence:-
58	58	28 The commission may issue to any individual who holds a social security number or
59	59	29individual taxpayer identification number and is a resident of the commonwealth, and to any ship
60	60	30chandler licensed under the provisions of section thirteen and to partnerships composed solely of
61	61	31such individuals, and to corporations organized under the laws of the commonwealth whereof all 3 of 15
62	62	32the directors hold a valid social security number or individual taxpayer identification number and
63	63	33a majority thereof residents of the commonwealth and to limited liability companies and limited
64	64	34liability partnerships organized under the laws of the commonwealth, subject to such conditions
65	65	35as the commission may prescribe by regulation to address issues of residency and the
66	66	36requirements for a manager or principal representative of a non-citizen licensee under section 26
67	67	37as qualifications for a limited liability company or limited liability partnership to hold a license
68	68	38pursuant to this section and sections 15, 18A, 19, 19B and 19C, licenses as wholesalers and
69	69	39importers (1) to sell for resale to other licensees under this chapter alcoholic beverages
70	70	40manufactured by any manufacturer licensed under the provisions of section nineteen and to
71	71	41import alcoholic beverages into the commonwealth from holders of certificates issued under
72	72	42section eighteen B whose licensed premises are located in other states and foreign countries for
73	73	43sale to such licensees, or (2) to sell for resale wines and malt beverages so manufactured to such
74	74	44licensees and to import as aforesaid wines and malt beverages for sale to such licensees.
75	75	45 SECTION 5. Section 18A of said chapter 138, as so appearing, is hereby amended by
76	76	46striking out the first paragraph and inserting in place thereof the following paragraph:-
77	77	47 The commission may issue to any individual who holds a social security number or
78	78	48individual taxpayer identification number and is a resident of the commonwealth, or to any
79	79	49partnership composed solely of such individuals, or to any corporation organized under the laws
80	80	50of the commonwealth or organized under the laws of any other state of the United States or of
81	81	51any foreign country and admitted to do business in the commonwealth or to a limited liability
82	82	52company or a limited liability partnership organized under the laws of the commonwealth,
83	83	53subject to such conditions as the commission may prescribe by regulation to address issues of
84	84	54residency and the requirements for a manager or principal representative of a non-citizen 4 of 15
85	85	55licensee under section 26 as qualifications for a limited liability company or limited liability
86	86	56partnership to hold a license pursuant to this section and sections 15, 18, 19, 19B and 19C, a
87	87	57license which shall authorize the licensee to act as agent, broker or solicitor for any specified
88	88	58individual, corporation or partnership in another state or foreign country engaged in the business
89	89	59of manufacturing, importing or selling alcoholic beverages, hereinafter called the principal, and,
90	90	60on behalf of such principal, to solicit orders for such beverages from holders of licenses under
91	91	61section eighteen only. A license granted hereunder shall authorize representation of one principal
92	92	62only, but the licensee may also, in the discretion of the commission, be licensed hereunder to
93	93	63represent other principals. No licensee hereunder shall buy or sell alcoholic beverages for his
94	94	64own account, and no such beverages shall be brought into the commonwealth in pursuance of the
95	95	65exercise of such a license otherwise than through a licensee under said section eighteen.
96	96	66 SECTION 6. Section 18C of said chapter 138, as so appearing, is hereby amended by
97	97	67striking out subsection (a) and inserting in place thereof the following subsection:-
98	98	68 (a) The commission may issue to an individual who holds a social security number or
99	99	69individual taxpayer identification number and is a resident of the commonwealth or to a
100	100	70corporation organized under the laws of the commonwealth whose directors are all holders of a
101	101	71social security number or individual taxpayer identification number and a majority of them
102	102	72residents of the commonwealth, or to a limited liability company or limited liability partnership
103	103	73organized under the laws of the commonwealth whose members are all holders of a social
104	104	74security number or individual taxpayer identification number and a majority of them residents of
105	105	75the commonwealth, a license to import alcoholic beverages into the commonwealth for use only
106	106	76in connection with the manufacture of food products, including ice cream. Nothing in this section
107	107	77shall authorize the holder of an importer's license issued under this section to sell alcoholic 5 of 15
108	108	78beverages as he is licensed to import only, or to export alcoholic beverages from the
109	109	79commonwealth into any other state or into a foreign country. A vote in a city or town pursuant to
110	110	80section 11 shall not prevent the granting or renewal of a license under this section. All alcoholic
111	111	81beverages purchased by a licensee under this section, and all alcoholic beverages shipped into
112	112	82the commonwealth pursuant to any such purchase, shall be warehoused at the warehouse
113	113	83facilities of the licensee and held in his physical possession at the warehouse. An importer under
114	114	84this section shall keep such records as the commission may prescribe and shall file with the
115	115	85commission, as often as it may require, duplicates or copies of those records. The commission
116	116	86shall have, at all times through its designated officers or agents, access to all books, records and
117	117	87other documents of each licensed importer relating to the licensee's importer business.
118	118	88 SECTION 7. Section 19 of said chapter 138, as so appearing, is hereby amended by
119	119	89striking out subsection (a) and inserting in place thereof the following subsection:-
120	120	90 (a) The commission may issue to any individual who holds a social security number or
121	121	91individual taxpayer identification number and is a resident of the commonwealth and to
122	122	92partnerships, composed solely of such individuals, and to corporations organized under the laws
123	123	93of this commonwealth or organized under the laws of any other state of the United States and
124	124	94admitted to do business in this commonwealth and to limited liability companies and limited
125	125	95liability partnerships organized under the laws of the commonwealth, subject to such conditions
126	126	96as the commission may prescribe by regulation to address issues of residency and the need for a
127	127	97license manager under section 26 as qualifications for a limited liability company or limited
128	128	98liability partnership to hold a license pursuant to this section and sections 15, 18, 18A, 19B and
129	129	9919C, licenses to manufacture alcoholic beverages. Manufacturers of such beverages may sell the
130	130	100same to any licensee holding a valid license granted by the licensing authorities for the sale 6 of 15
131	131	101within the commonwealth in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, and may also sell
132	132	102such beverages for export from this commonwealth into any state where the sale of the same is
133	133	103not by law prohibited, and into any foreign country; and manufacturers of such beverages may
134	134	104sell the same to any registered pharmacist holding a certificate of fitness under section thirty and
135	135	105also as authorized by section twenty-eight.
136	136	106 Subject to such regulations as may be prescribed by the commission, licensees under this
137	137	107section may rectify or blend, but only upon such premises and under such conditions as the
138	138	108commission shall approve, alcoholic beverages manufactured by them. All alcoholic beverages
139	139	109sold by any manufacturer thereof shall be sold and delivered in such manner, and under such
140	140	110conditions, and with such labels or other marks to identify the manufacturer, as the commission
141	141	111shall from time to time prescribe by regulations; provided, that sales of such beverages may be
142	142	112made in kegs, casks, barrels or bottles, to holders of wholesalers' and importers' licenses; and
143	143	113provided, further, that sale of wines and malt beverages may be made in kegs, casks or barrels by
144	144	114any manufacturer licensed under this section to licensees authorized to sell such beverages under
145	145	115section twelve, thirteen or fourteen and, for the sole purpose of resale in the containers in which
146	146	116the same were delivered, to licensees under section fifteen. No licensee under section fifteen
147	147	117shall resell beverages delivered to him in kegs, casks or barrels under this section, except in such
148	148	118containers.
149	149	119 Every licensed manufacturer of alcoholic beverages shall keep such records in such detail
150	150	120and affording such information as the commission may from time to time prescribe, and shall file
151	151	121with the commission, whenever and as often as it may require, duplicates of copies of such
152	152	122records; and the commission shall at all times, through its designated officers or agents, have 7 of 15
153	153	123access to all books, records and other documents of every licensed manufacturer relating to the
154	154	124business which he is licensed hereunder to conduct.
155	155	125 The license fee for each manufacturer of alcoholic beverages, in respect of each plant,
156	156	126shall be such sum, not less than $6,000 nor more than $10,000, as under the circumstances of the
157	157	127licensee's probable volume of sales under this section, the capacity of his plant and the location
158	158	128thereof, the commission shall deem just and proper; provided, that the license fee for each
159	159	129manufacturer of cider or other alcoholic beverage made from apples shall be such sum, not less
160	160	130than twenty-five nor more than two hundred and fifty dollars, as the commission shall deem just
161	161	131and proper, but no such fee shall be collected from any such manufacturer for the making of
162	162	132cider, the sale of which is authorized by section three without a license.
163	163	133 No vote in any city or town under section eleven shall prevent the granting or renewal of
164	164	134a license under this section.
165	165	135 SECTION 8. Section 19A of said chapter 138, as so appearing, is hereby amended by
166	166	136striking out, in line 2, the word "citizens" and inserting in place thereof the following word:-
167	167	137residents.
168	168	138 SECTION 9. Section 19B of said chapter 138, as so appearing, is hereby amended by
169	169	139striking out subsection (a) and inserting in place thereof the following subsection:-
170	170	140 (a) For the purpose of encouraging the development of domestic vineyards, the
171	171	141commission shall issue a farmer-winery license to any applicant who holds a social security
172	172	142number or individual taxpayer identification number and is a resident of the commonwealth, and
173	173	143to applying partnerships composed solely of such individuals, and to applying corporations
174	174	144organized under the laws of the commonwealth or organized under the laws of any other state of 8 of 15
175	175	145the United States and admitted to do business in this commonwealth and to applying limited
176	176	146liability companies and limited liability partnerships organized under the laws of the
177	177	147commonwealth, subject to such conditions as the commission may prescribe by regulation to
178	178	148address issues of residency and the need for a license manager under section 26 as qualifications
179	179	149for a limited liability company or limited liability partnership to hold a license pursuant to this
180	180	150section and sections 15, 18, 18A, 19 and 19C, unless:
181	181	151 (1) such person does not comply with reasonable application procedures required by the
182	182	152commission; or
183	183	153 (2) the commission determines that such person is not of responsible character; or
184	184	154 (3) a church or school located within five hundred feet of the winery premises has
185	185	155objected to issuance of the license in accordance with section sixteen C; or
186	186	156 (4) the commission determines that the applicant retains or owns an interest, directly or
187	187	157indirectly, in the business of a licensee under section twelve or fifteen; or
188	188	158 (5) the commission determines that the applicant retains or owns an interest, directly or
189	189	159indirectly in more than one business licensed under section eighteen; or
190	190	160 (6) the applicant has not furnished the requisite license fee or bond; or
191	191	161 (7) the commission determines that the co-partners, corporate officials or stockholders of
192	192	162the applicant do not meet the requirements of paragraphs (2), (4) and (5), or that the manager or
193	193	163agent intended to conduct the winery business on the applicant's behalf does not meet such
194	194	164requirements, or that such co-partners, officials, stockholders, agent or manager remain
195	195	165undisclosed. 9 of 15
196	196	166 SECTION 10. Section 19C of said chapter 138, as so appearing, is hereby amended by
197	197	167striking out subsection (a) and inserting in place thereof the following subsection:-
198	198	168 (a) For the purpose of encouraging the development of domestic farms, the commission
199	199	169shall issue a farmer-brewery license to any applicant who holds a social security number or
200	200	170individual taxpayer identification number and is a resident of the commonwealth and to applying
201	201	171partnerships composed solely of such individuals, and to applying corporations organized under
202	202	172the laws of the commonwealth or organized under the laws of any other state of the United States
203	203	173and admitted to do business in the commonwealth and to applying limited liability companies
204	204	174and limited liability partnerships organized under the laws of the commonwealth, subject to such
205	205	175conditions as the commission may prescribe by regulation to address issues of residency and the
206	206	176need for a license manager under section 26 as qualifications for a limited liability company or
207	207	177limited liability partnership to hold a license pursuant to this section and sections 15, 18, 18A, 19
208	208	178and 19B, unless: (1) such person does not comply with reasonable application procedures
209	209	179required by the commission; or
210	210	180 (2) the commission determines that such person is not of responsible character; or
211	211	181 (3) a church or school located within five hundred feet of the brewery premises has
212	212	182objected to issuance of the license in accordance with section sixteen C; or
213	213	183 (4) the commission determines that the applicant retains or owns an interest, directly or
214	214	184indirectly, in the business of a licensee under section twelve or fifteen; or
215	215	185 (5) the commission determines that the applicant retains or owns an interest, directly or
216	216	186indirectly in more than one business licensed under section eighteen; or 10 of 15
217	217	187 (6) the applicant has not furnished the requisite license fee or bond; or
218	218	188 (7) the commission determines that the co-partners, corporate officials or stockholders of
219	219	189the applicant do not meet the requirements of clauses (2), (4) and (5), or that the manager or
220	220	190agent intended to conduct the farmer-brewery business on the applicant's behalf does not meet
221	221	191such requirements, or that such co-partners, officials, stockholders, agent or manager remain
222	222	192undisclosed.
223	223	193 SECTION 11. Section 19D of said chapter 138, as so appearing, is hereby amended by
224	224	194striking out subsection (a) and inserting in place thereof the following subsection:-
225	225	195 (a) The commission shall issue a pub brewery license to an applicant who holds a social
226	226	196security number or individual taxpayer identification number and is a resident of the
227	227	197commonwealth and to applying partnerships and to applying corporations organized under the
228	228	198laws of the commonwealth or organized under the laws of any other state and admitted to do
229	229	199business in the commonwealth and to applying limited liability companies or limited liability
230	230	200partnerships organized under the laws of the commonwealth unless:
231	231	201 (1) such person does not comply with application procedures required by the
232	232	202commission;
233	233	203 (2) the commission determines that such applicant is not of responsible character;
234	234	204 (3) a church or school located within 500 feet of the brewery premises has objected to the
235	235	205issuance of such license in accordance with the provisions of section 16C and the commission
236	236	206finds that the pub brewery premises are detrimental to the spiritual activities of such church; 11 of 15
237	237	207 (4) the commission determines that the applicant retains or owns an interest, directly or
238	238	208indirectly, in the business of a licensee under section 15 or a business which would be licensed
239	239	209under said section 15 if it were located within the commonwealth;
240	240	210 (5) the commission determines that the applicant retains or owns an interest, directly or
241	241	211indirectly, in a business license under section 18 or a business which would be licensed under
242	242	212said section 18 if it were located within the commonwealth;
243	243	213 (6) the commission determines that the applicant retains or owns an interest, directly or
244	244	214indirectly, in any activity or in any business directly or indirectly engaged in the business of
245	245	215manufacturing any alcoholic beverages either within or outside of the commonwealth, except
246	246	216any interest, directly or indirectly, in a pub brewery license under this section or any business
247	247	217which would be licensed as a pub brewery under this section if it were located within the
248	248	218commonwealth;
249	249	219 (7) the commission determines that the applicant retains or owns an interest, directly or
250	250	220indirectly, in the business of a holder of a certificate issued under section 18B;
251	251	221 (8) the applicant has not furnished the requisite license fee or bond; or
252	252	222 (9) the commission determines that the co-partners, corporate officials or stockholders of
253	253	223the applicant do not meet the requirements of clauses (2), (4), (5), (6), (7) and (8), or that the
254	254	224manager or agent intended to conduct the pub brewery business on the applicant's behalf does
255	255	225not meet such requirements, or that such co-partners, officials, stockholders, agents or managers
256	256	226remain undisclosed. 12 of 15
257	257	227 SECTION 12. Section 19E of said chapter 138, as so appearing, is hereby amended by
258	258	228striking out subsection (a) and inserting in place thereof the following subsection:-
259	259	229 (a) For the purpose of encouraging the development of domestic farms, the commission
260	260	230shall issue a farmer-distillery license to an applicant who holds a social security number or
261	261	231individual taxpayer identification number and is a resident of the commonwealth and to applying
262	262	232partnerships composed solely of such individuals, and to applying corporations organized under
263	263	233the laws of the commonwealth or organized under the laws of any other state of the United States
264	264	234and admitted to do business in the commonwealth, unless:-
265	265	235 (1) such person does not comply with reasonable application procedures required by the
266	266	236commission;
267	267	237 (2) the commission determines that such person is not of responsible character;
268	268	238 (3) a church or school located within 500 feet of the farmer-distillery premises has
269	269	239objected to the issuance of a license in accordance with section 16C;
270	270	240 (4) the commission determines that the applicant retains or owns an interest, directly or
271	271	241indirectly, in the business of a licensee under section 12 or 15;
272	272	242 (5) the commission determines that the applicant retains or owns an interest, directly or
273	273	243indirectly, in more than 1 business licensed under section 18;
274	274	244 (6) the applicant has not furnished the requisite license fee or bond; or
275	275	245 (7) the commission determines that the co-partners, corporate officials or stockholders of
276	276	246the applicant do not meet the requirements of paragraphs (2), (4) and (5) or that the agent or
277	277	247manager who intends to conduct the farmer-distillery business on the applicant's behalf does not 13 of 15
278	278	248meet the requirements or that the co-partners, officials, stockholders, agent or manager remain
279	279	249undisclosed.
280	280	250 SECTION 13. Section 19G of said chapter 138, as so appearing, is hereby amended by
281	281	251striking out subsection (a) and inserting in place thereof the following subsection:-
282	282	252 (a) The commission may issue a tenant brewer license which authorizes the licensee to
283	283	253manufacture or package malt beverages on the premises of a host brewer to any individual
284	284	254applicant who holds a social security number or individual taxpayer identification number and is
285	285	255a resident of the commonwealth or to a corporation, partnership or other entity which complies
286	286	256with the requirements of section 26 and is a holder of a certificate of compliance issued pursuant
287	287	257to section 18B. An applicant for a tenant brewer license shall provide the commission and the
288	288	258department of revenue with a true copy of the applicable alcoholic beverage license to
289	289	259manufacture, export and import as issued by the appropriate licensing authority.
290	290	260 To be eligible for a tenant brewer license, the applicant shall: (i) be licensed pursuant to
291	291	261section 19 or section 19C or a license holder outside the commonwealth that is authorized to
292	292	262manufacture, export and import malt beverages; (ii) comply with any federal law regulating the
293	293	263manufacture, export or import of malt beverages as identified by the commission in a written
294	294	264guidance that shall be issued to each host brewer, tenant brewer and wholesaler licensed pursuant
295	295	265to section 18; and (iii) shall have an approved alternating proprietorship arrangement that allows
296	296	266the applicant to use the facilities, equipment and employees of a host brewer.
297	297	267 A tenant brewer may import such raw materials as are required solely for the production
298	298	268and packaging of the malt beverages including, without limitation, bulk malt beverages produced
299	299	269by the tenant brewer at its brewery of origin. The bulk malt beverages imported by the tenant 14 of 15
300	300	270brewer shall be packaged and shipped back to the tenant brewer's brewery of origin or to a
301	301	271wholesaler licensed pursuant to section 18 or to a license holder outside the commonwealth
302	302	272authorized to import malt beverages designated by the tenant brewer within 10 days after receipt
303	303	273by the host brewer.
304	304	274 Any product produced or packaged at the host brewer's premises shall be removed from
305	305	275the host brewer's premises within 10 days after the brewing or packaging process is completed.
306	306	276The finished product shall be returned to the tenant brewer's brewery of origin or to a wholesaler
307	307	277licensed pursuant to section 18 or to a license holder outside the commonwealth authorized to
308	308	278import malt beverages designated by the tenant brewer.
309	309	279 SECTION 14. Said chapter 138 is hereby amended by striking out section 26, as so
310	310	280appearing, and inserting in place thereof the following section:-
311	311	281 Section 26. No license for the sale of alcoholic beverages or alcohol and no vehicle
312	312	282permit for the transportation thereof shall be issued to any person who does not, at the time of the
313	313	283person’s application therefor, hold a social security number or individual taxpayer identification
314	314	284number, or to any agent of any such person, and no person who does not hold a social security
315	315	285number or individual taxpayer identification number shall be appointed as manager or other
316	316	286principal representative of any licensee; provided, that nothing herein shall prevent the granting
317	317	287of a license under section eighteen A to any corporation organized under the laws of a foreign
318	318	288country or the granting of a vehicle permit to such a corporation so licensed.
319	319	289 No corporation, organized under the laws of the commonwealth or of any other state or
320	320	290foreign country, shall be given a license to sell in any manner any alcoholic beverages unless
321	321	291such corporation shall have first appointed, in such manner as the licensing authorities by 15 of 15
322	322	292regulation prescribe, as manager or other principal representative, a holder of a social security
323	323	293number or individual taxpayer identification number, and shall have vested in the manager or
324	324	294other principal representative by properly authorized and executed written delegation as full
325	325	295authority and control of the premises, described in the license of such corporation, and of the
326	326	296conduct of all business therein relative to alcoholic beverages as the licensee itself could in any
327	327	297way have and exercise if it were a natural person resident in the commonwealth, nor unless such
328	328	298manager or representative is, with respect to the manager or representative’s character,
329	329	299satisfactory to the licensing authorities.
330	330	300 No provision of this chapter shall impair any right growing out of any treaty to which the
331	331	301United States is a party.