Maryland 2025 Regular Session

Maryland House Bill HB635 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.

Old	New	Differences
1	1
2	2
3	3	EXPLANATION: CAPITALS INDICATE MAT TER ADDED TO EXISTIN G LAW.
4	4	[Brackets] indicate matter deleted from existing law.
5	5	hb0635
6	6
7	7	HOUSE BILL 635
8	8	R5, E2 5lr1511
9	9	CF SB 292
10	10	By: Delegates Phillips, Acevero, Addison, Alston, Amprey, Boyce, Conaway,
11	11	Crutchfield, Davis, Kaufman, Martinez, McCaskill, Mireku–North, Pasteur,
12	12	Patterson, Pena–Melnyk, Queen, Roberson, Ruff, Ruth, Simpson, Taveras,
13	13	Taylor, Toles, Wells, White Holland, Wilkins, and Woods
14	14	Introduced and read first time: January 23, 2025
15	15	Assigned to: Judiciary and Environment and Transportation
16	16
17	17	A BILL ENTITLED
18	18
19	19	AN ACT concerning 1
20	20
21	21	Motor Vehicles – Secondary Enforcement and Admissibility of Evidence 2
22	22
23	23	FOR the purpose of requiring a police officer to document all reasons for a traffic stop or 3
24	24	other stop on a citation or police report resulting from the stop; establishing that 4
25	25	certain evidence obtained during a traffic stop or other stop in violation of certain 5
26	26	provisions may be or is inadmissible in certain proceedings; authorizing a police 6
27	27	officer to enforce certain provisions of the Maryland Vehicle Law only as a secondary 7
28	28	action; establishing a police officer’s failure to comply with the provisions of this Act 8
29	29	as a basis for administrative disciplinary action; and generally relating to police 9
30	30	stops. 10
31	31
32	32	BY repealing and reenacting, with amendments, 11
33	33	Article – Criminal Procedure 12
34	34	Section 2–109 13
35	35	Annotated Code of Maryland 14
36	36	(2018 Replacement Volume and 2024 Supplement) 15
37	37
38	38	BY repealing and reenacting, with amendments, 16
39	39	Article – Transportation 17
40	40	Section 13–401, 13–411, 13–701, 13–703(g), 21–604, 21–605, 21–1111, 21–1117(d), 18
41	41	21–1133, 22–101(a)(2), 22–203(b), 22–204(f), 22–206, 22–403, 22–406(i)(2), 19
42	42	and 22–602 20
43	43	Annotated Code of Maryland 21
44	44	(2020 Replacement Volume and 2024 Supplement) 22
45	45
46	46	BY repealing and reenacting, without amendments, 23
47	47	Article – Transportation 24
48	48	Section 21–1117(a) and 22–406(i)(1) 25 2 HOUSE BILL 635
49	49
50	50
51	51	Annotated Code of Maryland 1
52	52	(2020 Replacement Volume and 2024 Supplement) 2
53	53
54	54	SECTION 1. BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF MARYLAND, 3
55	55	That the Laws of Maryland read as follows: 4
56	56
57	57	Article – Criminal Procedure 5
58	58
59	59	2–109. 6
60	60
61	61	(a) At the commencement of a traffic stop or other stop, absent exigent 7
62	62	circumstances, a police officer shall: 8
63	63
64	64	(1) display proper identification to the stopped individual; and 9
65	65
66	66	(2) provide the following information to the stopped individual: 10
67	67
68	68	(i) the officer’s name; 11
69	69
70	70	(ii) the officer’s identification number issued by the law enforcement 12
71	71	agency the officer is representing; 13
72	72
73	73	(iii) the name of the law enforcement agency the police officer is 14
74	74	representing; and 15
75	75
76	76	(iv) the reason for the traffic stop or other stop. 16
77	77
78	78	(B) A POLICE OFFICER SHALL DOCUMENT ALL REASONS FOR A TRAFFIC 17
79	79	STOP OR OTHER STOP O N ANY CITATION OR POLI CE REPORT RESULTING FROM THE 18
80	80	STOP. 19
81	81
82	82	[(b)] (C) A police officer’s failure to comply with subsection (a) of this section: 20
83	83
84	84	(1) may be grounds for administrative disciplinary action against the 21
85	85	officer; and 22
86	86
87	87	(2) may [not] serve as the basis for the exclusion of evidence under the 23
88	88	exclusionary rule. 24
89	89
90	90	[(c)] (D) A police officer may not prohibit or prevent a citizen from recording the 25
91	91	police officer’s actions if the citizen is otherwise acting lawfully and safely. 26
92	92
93	93	Article – Transportation 27
94	94
95	95	13–401. 28
96	96	HOUSE BILL 635 3
97	97
98	98
99	99	(a) This section applies to any vehicle required to be registered under this title. 1
100	100
101	101	(b) (1) If a vehicle is not registered, a person may not drive the vehicle on a 2
102	102	highway in this State. 3
103	103
104	104	(2) (i) If a person is convicted of a violation of this subsection that 4
105	105	involved the use of an off–highway recreational vehicle on a highway, the court shall notify 5
106	106	the Administration of the violation. 6
107	107
108	108	(ii) The Chief Judge of the District Court, in conjunction with the 7
109	109	Administration, shall establish uniform procedures for reporting convictions described in 8
110	110	this paragraph. 9
111	111
112	112	(c) If a vehicle is not registered, the owner of the vehicle may not knowingly allow 10
113	113	the vehicle to be driven on a highway in this State. 11
114	114
115	115	(d) If the required registration fee for a vehicle has not been paid, a person may 12
116	116	not drive the vehicle on a highway in this State. 13
117	117
118	118	(e) If the required registration fee for a vehicle has not been paid, the owner of 14
119	119	the vehicle may not knowingly allow the vehicle to be driven on a highway in this State. 15
120	120
121	121	(f) If the registration of a vehicle is canceled, a person may not drive the vehicle 16
122	122	on a highway in this State. 17
123	123
124	124	(g) If the registration of a vehicle is canceled, the owner of the vehicle may not 18
125	125	knowingly allow the vehicle to be driven on a highway in this State. 19
126	126
127	127	(h) If the registration of a vehicle is suspended, a person may not drive the vehicle 20
128	128	on a highway in this State. 21
129	129
130	130	(i) If the registration of a vehicle is suspended, the owner of the vehicle may not 22
131	131	knowingly allow the vehicle to be driven on a highway in this State. 23
132	132
133	133	(j) If the registration of a vehicle is revoked, a person may not drive the vehicle 24
134	134	on a highway in this State. 25
135	135
136	136	(k) If the registration of a vehicle is revoked, the owner of the vehicle may not 26
137	137	knowingly allow the vehicle to be driven on a highway in this State. 27
138	138
139	139	(L) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 28
140	140	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF A MOTOR 29
141	141	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 30
142	142
143	143	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 31
144	144	OF THIS SUBSECTION : 32 4 HOUSE BILL 635
145	145
146	146
147	147
148	148	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 1
149	149	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 2
150	150
151	151	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 3
152	152	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 4
153	153	PROCEEDING . 5
154	154
155	155	13–411. 6
156	156
157	157	(a) On a vehicle for which two registration plates are required, one plate shall be 7
158	158	attached on the front and the other on the rear of the vehicle. 8
159	159
160	160	(b) On a vehicle for which one registration plate is required, the plate shall be 9
161	161	attached on the: 10
162	162
163	163	(1) Front of the vehicle for a Class F (tractor) vehicle; and 11
164	164
165	165	(2) Rear of the vehicle for every other vehicle. 12
166	166
167	167	(c) (1) At all times, each registration plate shall be: 13
168	168
169	169	(i) Maintained free from foreign materials, including registration 14
170	170	plate covers as defined in § 13–411.1 of this subtitle, and in a condition to be clearly legible; 15
171	171	and 16
172	172
173	173	(ii) Securely fastened to the vehicle for which it is issued: 17
174	174
175	175	1. In a horizontal position; 18
176	176
177	177	2. In a manner that prevents the plate from swinging; and 19
178	178
179	179	3. In a place and position to be clearly visible. 20
180	180
181	181	(2) For a violation involving the placement of an object framing or 21
182	182	bordering the edges of a registration plate, a police officer may enforce this subsection only 22
183	183	as a secondary action when the police officer detains a driver of a motor vehicle for a 23
184	184	suspected violation of another provision of the Code. 24
185	185
186	186	(d) Except as otherwise expressly permitted by the Maryland Vehicle Law, as to 25
187	187	any vehicle required to be registered under this title, a person may not drive the vehicle on 26
188	188	any highway in this State, unless there is attached to the vehicle and displayed on it, as 27
189	189	required in this title: 28
190	190
191	191	(1) A registration plate or plates issued for the vehicle by the 29
192	192	Administration for the current registration period; and 30 HOUSE BILL 635 5
193	193
194	194
195	195
196	196	(2) Any validation tab issued for the vehicle under this subtitle. 1
197	197
198	198	(e) Except as otherwise expressly permitted by the Maryland Vehicle Law, as to 2
199	199	any vehicle required to be registered under this title, the owner of the vehicle may not 3
200	200	permit the vehicle to be driven on any highway in this State, unless there is attached to 4
201	201	and displayed on the vehicle, as required in this title: 5
202	202
203	203	(1) A registration plate or plates issued by the Administration for the 6
204	204	current registration period; and 7
205	205
206	206	(2) Any validation tab issued for the vehicle under this subtitle. 8
207	207
208	208	(f) Except as otherwise expressly permitted by the Maryland Vehicle Law, a 9
209	209	vehicle used or driven in this State may not display on either its front or rear any expired 10
210	210	registration plate issued by any state. 11
211	211
212	212	(g) Except as otherwise expressly permitted by the Maryland Vehicle Law, a 12
213	213	person may not display or permit to be displayed on any vehicle used or driven in this State 13
214	214	any registration plate issued for another vehicle or to a person other than the owner of the 14
215	215	vehicle. 15
216	216
217	217	(h) (1) A vehicle registered as a historic or antique vehicle (Class L) in this 16
218	218	State or in another state, when used or driven in this State, may display vintage 17
219	219	registration plates as an indication of the historic or antique nature of the vehicle. Except 18
220	220	as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the place on the vehicle provided for the 19
221	221	display of registration plates may only be used for the display of current registration plates 20
222	222	in accordance with subsections (a) through (c) of this section, and any vintage registration 21
223	223	plates which are used shall be displayed elsewhere on the vehicle. 22
224	224
225	225	(2) If the Administration authorizes the display of vintage registration 23
226	226	plates in lieu of current registration plates, as provided in § 13–936.1 of this title, the 24
227	227	vintage registration plates shall be displayed as required under subsections (a) through (c) 25
228	228	of this section. However, the current registration plates shall be kept in the vehicle at all 26
229	229	times. 27
230	230
231	231	(i) It is the duty of every police officer to report to the Administration all vehicles 28
232	232	operated in violation of this section. The Administration shall verify whether the owner of 29
233	233	a reported vehicle has complied with this section. 30
234	234
235	235	(J) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 31
236	236	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF A MOTOR 32
237	237	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF THE CODE. 33
238	238	6 HOUSE BILL 635
239	239
240	240
241	241	(2) A POLICE OFFICER MAY N OT STOP A MOTOR VEHI CLE FOR 1
242	242	DISPLAYING AN EXPIRE D REGISTRATION PRIOR TO THE FIRST DAY OF THE FOURTH 2
243	243	MONTH FOLLOWING THE ORIGINAL EXPIRATION DATE OF THE REGISTRA TION. 3
244	244
245	245	(3) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WI TH PARAGRAPH (1) 4
246	246	OR (2) OF THIS SUBSECTION : 5
247	247
248	248	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 6
249	249	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 7
250	250
251	251	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 8
252	252	PARAGRAPH (1) OR (2) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY TRIAL O R OTHER 9
253	253	PROCEEDING . 10
254	254
255	255	13–701. 11
256	256
257	257	(a) Except as otherwise provided in this title, as to any vehicle required to be 12
258	258	registered under this title, a person may not drive the vehicle on any highway in this State, 13
259	259	unless the vehicle displays current registration plates and a current registration card is 14
260	260	carried as required in this title. 15
261	261
262	262	(b) Except as otherwise provided in this title, as to any vehicle required to be 16
263	263	registered under this title, an owner of the vehicle may not knowingly permit the vehicle to 17
264	264	be driven on a highway in this State, unless the vehicle displays current registration plates 18
265	265	and a current registration card is carried as required in this title. 19
266	266
267	267	(C) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 20
268	268	SECONDARY ACT ION WHEN THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DR IVER OF A MOTOR 21
269	269	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 22
270	270
271	271	(2) A POLICE OFFICER MAY N OT STOP A MOTOR VEHI CLE FOR 23
272	272	DISPLAYING AN EXPIRE D REGISTRATION PRIOR TO THE FIRST DAY OF THE FOURTH 24
273	273	MONTH FOLLOWING THE OR IGINAL EXPIRATION DA TE OF THE REGISTRATI ON. 25
274	274
275	275	(3) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 26
276	276	OR (2) OF THIS SUBSECTION : 27
277	277
278	278	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 28
279	279	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 29
280	280
281	281	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDENCE OB TAINED IN VIOLATION OF 30
282	282	PARAGRAPH (1) OR (2) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 31
283	283	PROCEEDING . 32
284	284	HOUSE BILL 635 7
285	285
286	286
287	287	13–703. 1
288	288
289	289	(g) (1) A person may not display on or for a vehicle any registration plate that 2
290	290	is neither: 3
291	291
292	292	[(1)] (I) Issued for the vehicle; or 4
293	293
294	294	[(2)] (II) Otherwise lawfully used on or for the vehicle under this title. 5
295	295
296	296	(2) (I) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SUBSECTI ON ONLY 6
297	297	AS A SECONDARY ACTIO N WHEN THE POLICE OF FICER DETAINS A DRIV ER OF A 7
298	298	MOTOR VEHICLE FOR A SUSPECTED VIOLATION OF ANOTHER PROVISION OF THE 8
299	299	CODE. 9
300	300
301	301	(II) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH 10
302	302	SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH : 11
303	303
304	304	1. MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE 12
305	305	DISCIPLINARY ACTION AGAINST THE OFFICER ; AND 13
306	306
307	307	2. SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLATION 14
308	308	OF SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH IN ADMISSIBLE IN ANY TR IAL OR OTHER 15
309	309	PROCEEDING . 16
310	310
311	311	21–604. 17
312	312
313	313	(a) A person may not turn a vehicle at an intersection, unless the vehicle is in the 18
314	314	position required by § 21–601 of this subtitle. 19
315	315
316	316	(b) A person may not turn a vehicle to enter a private road or driveway or 20
317	317	otherwise turn a vehicle from a direct course or move it right or left on a roadway or from 21
318	318	a shoulder or bikeway onto a roadway, unless the movement can be made with reasonable 22
319	319	safety. 23
320	320
321	321	(c) A person may not, if any other vehicle might be affected by the movement, 24
322	322	turn a vehicle until he gives an appropriate signal in the manner required by this subtitle. 25
323	323
324	324	(d) When required, a signal of intention to turn right or left shall be given 26
325	325	continuously during at least the last 100 feet traveled by the vehicle before turning; except 27
326	326	that a bicyclist may interrupt the turning signal to maintain control of the bicycle. 28
327	327
328	328	(e) If there is an opportunity to signal, a person may not stop or suddenly decrease 29
329	329	the speed of a vehicle until he gives an appropriate signal in the manner required by this 30
330	330	subtitle to the driver of any other vehicle immediately to the rear. 31
331	331
332	332	(f) The signals provided for in § 21–605(b) and (c) of this subtitle: 32 8 HOUSE BILL 635
333	333
334	334
335	335
336	336	(1) May be used to indicate an intention to turn, change lanes, or start from 1
337	337	a stopped, standing, or parked position; and 2
338	338
339	339	(2) May not be flashed as a courtesy or “do pass” signal to the driver of any 3
340	340	other vehicle approaching from the rear. 4
341	341
342	342	(G) (1) A POLICE OFF ICER MAY ENFORCE THI S SECTION ONLY AS A 5
343	343	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF A MOTOR 6
344	344	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 7
345	345
346	346	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 8
347	347	OF THIS SUBSECT ION: 9
348	348
349	349	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 10
350	350	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 11
351	351
352	352	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 12
353	353	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 13
354	354	PROCEEDING . 14
355	355
356	356	21–605. 15
357	357
358	358	(a) Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this section, each required stop 16
359	359	or turn signal shall be given: 17
360	360
361	361	(1) By hand and arm in conformity with § 21–606 of this subtitle; or 18
362	362
363	363	(2) By signal lamps. 19
364	364
365	365	(b) Each motor vehicle in use on a highway shall be equipped with and the 20
366	366	required signal given by signal lamps, if the distance from the center of the top of the 21
367	367	steering post to the left outside limit of the body, cab, or load of the vehicle is more than 24 22
368	368	inches. 23
369	369
370	370	(c) Each motor vehicle in use on a highway shall be equipped with and the 24
371	371	required signal given by signal lamps if, for any vehicle or combination of vehicles, the 25
372	372	distance from the center of the top of the steering post to the rear limit of the body or load 26
373	373	is more than 14 feet. 27
374	374
375	375	(D) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY ENFOR CE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 28
376	376	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF A MOTOR 29
377	377	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 30
378	378	HOUSE BILL 635 9
379	379
380	380
381	381	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 1
382	382	OF THIS SUBSECTION: 2
383	383
384	384	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 3
385	385	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 4
386	386
387	387	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 5
388	388	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 6
389	389	PROCEEDING . 7
390	390
391	391	21–1111. 8
392	392
393	393	(a) A person may not drop, throw, or place on a highway any glass bottle, glass, 9
394	394	nails, tacks, wire, cans, or any other substance likely to injure any person, animal, or 10
395	395	vehicle on the highway. 11
396	396
397	397	(b) Any person who drops, throws, or places or permits to be dropped, thrown, or 12
398	398	placed on a highway any destructive, hazardous, or injurious material immediately shall 13
399	399	remove it or cause it to be removed. 14
400	400
401	401	(c) Any person removing a wrecked or damaged vehicle from a highway also shall 15
402	402	remove from the highway any glass or other injurious substance dropped from the vehicle. 16
403	403
404	404	(d) A person may not throw, dump, discharge, or deposit any trash, junk, or other 17
405	405	refuse on any highway or public bridge or in any public waters. 18
406	406
407	407	(e) The owner of the vehicle, if present in the vehicle, or, in his absence, the driver 19
408	408	of the vehicle is presumed to be responsible for any violation of this section, if: 20
409	409
410	410	(1) The violation is caused by an occupant of the vehicle; 21
411	411
412	412	(2) The vehicle has two or more occupants; and 22
413	413
414	414	(3) It cannot be determined which occupant is the violator. 23
415	415
416	416	(f) A violation of this section is considered a moving violation for purposes of § 24
417	417	16–402 of this article. 25
418	418
419	419	(G) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 26
420	420	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF A MOT OR 27
421	421	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 28
422	422
423	423	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 29
424	424	OF THIS SUBSECTION : 30
425	425	10 HOUSE BILL 635
426	426
427	427
428	428	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 1
429	429	ACTION AGAINST THE OFFICER; AND 2
430	430
431	431	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 3
432	432	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 4
433	433	PROCEEDING . 5
434	434
435	435	21–1117. 6
436	436
437	437	(a) (1) This section applies throughout this State, whether on or off a highway. 7
438	438
439	439	(2) For purposes of this section, any noise level above that adopted by the 8
440	440	Administrator under § 22–601 of this article is excessive. 9
441	441
442	442	(d) (1) A person may not drive a motor vehicle in any improper manner 10
443	443	intended to cause excessive noise. 11
444	444
445	445	(2) (I) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SUBSECTI ON ONLY 12
446	446	AS A SECONDARY ACTIO N WHEN THE POLICE OF FICER DETAINS A DRIV ER OF A 13
447	447	MOTOR VEHICLE FOR A SUSPECTED VIOLATION OF ANOTHER PROVISION OF THE 14
448	448	CODE. 15
449	449
450	450	(II) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH 16
451	451	SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH : 17
452	452
453	453	1. MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE 18
454	454	DISCIPLINARY ACTION AGAINST THE OFFICER ; AND 19
455	455
456	456	2. SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION 20
457	457	OF SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH IN ADMISSIBLE IN ANY TR IAL OR OTHER 21
458	458	PROCEEDING . 22
459	459
460	460	21–1133. 23
461	461
462	462	(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, a person may not drive, 24
463	463	stand, or park a vehicle in a dedicated bus lane unless authorized by the local jurisdiction 25
464	464	in which the dedicated bus lane is located. 26
465	465
466	466	(b) The following vehicles may be driven, allowed to stand, or, as appropriate, 27
467	467	parked in a dedicated bus lane: 28
468	468
469	469	(1) A transit vehicle owned, operated, or contracted for by the Maryland 29
470	470	Transit Administration, the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority, or a local 30
471	471	department of transportation; 31
472	472	HOUSE BILL 635 11
473	473
474	474
475	475	(2) A school bus; 1
476	476
477	477	(3) A bicycle; 2
478	478
479	479	(4) An emergency vehicle; and 3
480	480
481	481	(5) A vehicle making a right turn at the next immediate intersection. 4
482	482
483	483	(C) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 5
484	484	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAIN S A DRIVER OF A MOTO R 6
485	485	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 7
486	486
487	487	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 8
488	488	OF THIS SUBSECTION : 9
489	489
490	490	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 10
491	491	ACTION AGAINST THE OFFICER ; AND 11
492	492
493	493	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 12
494	494	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 13
495	495	PROCEEDING . 14
496	496
497	497	22–101. 15
498	498
499	499	(a) (2) (I) A person may not do any act forbidden or fail to do any act 16
500	500	required under this title. 17
501	501
502	502	(II) 1. A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS PARAGRAP H 18
503	503	ONLY AS A SECONDARY ACTION WHEN THE POLI CE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF 19
504	504	A MOTOR VEHICLE FOR A SUSPECTED VIOLATIO N OF ANOTHER PROVISI ON OF THE 20
505	505	CODE. 21
506	506
507	507	2. A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH 22
508	508	SUBSUBPARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS SUBPARAGRAPH : 23
509	509
510	510	A. MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE 24
511	511	DISCIPLINARY ACTION AGAINST THE OFFICER ; AND 25
512	512
513	513	B. SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION 26
514	514	OF SUBSUBPARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS SUBPARAGRAPH INADMISSIBLE IN ANY TRIAL OR 27
515	515	OTHER PROCEEDING . 28
516	516
517	517	22–203. 29
518	518	12 HOUSE BILL 635
519	519
520	520
521	521	(b) (1) Every motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle, shall be equipped with at 1
522	522	least two headlamps with at least one on each side of the front of the motor vehicle, which 2
523	523	headlamps shall emit white light and comply with the requirements and limitations set 3
524	524	forth in this title. 4
525	525
526	526	(2) (I) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SUBSECTI ON ONLY 5
527	527	AS A SECONDARY ACTIO N WHEN THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF A 6
528	528	MOTOR VEHICLE FOR A SUSPECTED VIOLATION OF ANOTHER PROVISION OF THE 7
529	529	CODE. 8
530	530
531	531	(II) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH 9
532	532	SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH : 10
533	533
534	534	1. MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE 11
535	535	DISCIPLINARY ACTION AGAINST T HE OFFICER; AND 12
536	536
537	537	2. SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION 13
538	538	OF SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH IN ADMISSIBLE IN ANY TR IAL OR OTHER 14
539	539	PROCEEDING . 15
540	540
541	541	22–204. 16
542	542
543	543	(f) (1) Either a tail lamp or a separate lamp shall be constructed and placed 17
544	544	to illuminate, with a white light, the rear registration plate and render it clearly legible 18
545	545	from a distance of 50 feet to the rear. Any tail lamp or tail lamps, together with any separate 19
546	546	lamp or lamps for illuminating the rear registration plate, shall be wired to be lighted 20
547	547	whenever the head lamps or auxiliary driving lamps are lighted. 21
548	548
549	549	(2) (I) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SUBSECTI ON ONLY 22
550	550	AS A SECONDARY ACTIO N WHEN THE POLICE OF FICER DETAINS A DRIV ER OF A 23
551	551	MOTOR VEHICLE FOR A SUSPECTED VI OLATION OF ANOTHER P ROVISION OF THE 24
552	552	CODE. 25
553	553
554	554	(II) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH 26
555	555	SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH : 27
556	556
557	557	1. MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE 28
558	558	DISCIPLINARY ACTION AGAINST THE OFFICER ; AND 29
559	559
560	560	2. SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION 30
561	561	OF SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH IN ADMISSIBLE IN ANY TR IAL OR OTHER 31
562	562	PROCEEDING . 32
563	563
564	564	22–206. 33 HOUSE BILL 635 13
565	565
566	566
567	567
568	568	(a) Every motor vehicle, trailer, semitrailer, and pole trailer shall be equipped 1
569	569	with at least one stop lamp meeting the requirements of § 22–219(a) of this subtitle, and 2
570	570	the following vehicles shall meet the following additional requirements: 3
571	571
572	572	(1) (i) Every motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle, registered in this 4
573	573	State and sold as a new vehicle after June 1, 1967, shall be equipped with at least two stop 5
574	574	lamps; 6
575	575
576	576	(ii) Every passenger vehicle manufactured on or after September 1, 7
577	577	1985, shall be equipped with a red center high mount stop lamp mounted with its center 8
578	578	on the vertical centerline of the vehicle as the vehicle is viewed from the rear; and 9
579	579
580	580	(iii) Every pickup truck, van, and sport utility vehicle manufactured 10
581	581	on or after September 1, 1993, shall be equipped with a red center high mount stop lamp 11
582	582	mounted with its center on the vertical centerline of the vehicle as the vehicle is viewed 12
583	583	from the rear; and 13
584	584
585	585	(2) After July 1, 1971, every trailer, semitrailer, and pole trailer shall be 14
586	586	equipped with at least two stop lamps. 15
587	587
588	588	(b) Every motor vehicle, trailer, semitrailer, and pole trailer registered in this 16
589	589	State and sold as a new vehicle after June 1, 1961, shall be equipped with electric turn 17
590	590	signal lamps meeting the requirements of § 22–219(b) through (h) of this subtitle, except 18
591	591	that: 19
592	592
593	593	(1) Motorcycles manufactured before January 1, 1973, need not b e 20
594	594	equipped with electric turn signal lamps; and 21
595	595
596	596	(2) The requirements of this section apply only to those trailers, 22
597	597	semitrailers, and pole trailers that are registered in this State and sold as new vehicles on 23
598	598	or after July 1, 1971. 24
599	599
600	600	(c) Any special mobile equipment that is being towed shall be equipped with at 25
601	601	least 2 stop lamps that meet the requirements of § 22–219(a) of this subtitle and electric 26
602	602	turn signals that meet the requirements of § 22–219(b) of this subtitle if the special mobile 27
603	603	equipment: 28
604	604
605	605	(1) Obstructs the tail lamps, stop lamps, turn signals, or except for the 29
606	606	registration plate lamp, any lamp of the towing vehicle required by law to be visible from 30
607	607	the rear; or 31
608	608
609	609	(2) Extends more than 12 feet from the rear of the towing vehicle. 32
610	610
611	611	(D) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE SUBSECTIONS (A) AND (B) OF 33
612	612	THIS SECTION ONLY AS A SECONDARY ACTION W HEN THE POLICE OFFIC ER DETAINS 34 14 HOUSE BILL 635
613	613
614	614
615	615	A DRIVER OF A MOTOR VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER 1
616	616	PROVISION OF THE CODE. 2
617	617
618	618	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAG RAPH (1) 3
619	619	OF THIS SUBSECTION : 4
620	620
621	621	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 5
622	622	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 6
623	623
624	624	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 7
625	625	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 8
626	626	PROCEEDING . 9
627	627
628	628	22–403. 10
629	629
630	630	(a) Every motor vehicle shall be equipped with at least one mirror located to 11
631	631	reflect to the driver a view of the highway for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear of 12
632	632	the vehicle. 13
633	633
634	634	(b) Every motor vehicle registered in this State shall be equipped with an outside 14
635	635	mirror on the driver’s side located to reflect to the driver a view of the highway for a distance 15
636	636	of at least 200 feet to the rear of the vehicle and along the driver’s side of the vehicle. This 16
637	637	subsection does not apply to motorcycles, which are governed by subsection (c) of this 17
638	638	section. 18
639	639
640	640	(c) Every motorcycle shall be equipped with two rearview mirrors, one each 19
641	641	attached to the right and left handlebars, which shall meet applicable federal motor vehicle 20
642	642	safety standards. 21
643	643
644	644	(d) Where the view through the inside rearview mirror is obstructed, two outside 22
645	645	rearview mirrors are required. 23
646	646
647	647	(E) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 24
648	648	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF A MOTOR 25
649	649	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 26
650	650
651	651	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 27
652	652	OF THIS SUBSECTION : 28
653	653
654	654	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 29
655	655	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 30
656	656
657	657	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDENCE OBT AINED IN VIOLATION O F 31
658	658	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 32
659	659	PROCEEDING . 33 HOUSE BILL 635 15
660	660
661	661
662	662
663	663	22–406. 1
664	664
665	665	(i) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (4) of this subsection, a person may 2
666	666	not operate a vehicle registered under § 13–912, § 13–913, § 13–917, or § 13–937 of this 3
667	667	article on a highway in this State if: 4
668	668
669	669	(i) In the case of a vehicle registered under § 13–912 of this article, 5
670	670	there is affixed to any window of the vehicle any tinting materials added to the window 6
671	671	after manufacture of the vehicle that do not allow a light transmittance through the window 7
672	672	of at least 35%; and 8
673	673
674	674	(ii) In the case of a vehicle registered under § 13–913, § 13–917, or § 9
675	675	13–937 of this article, there is affixed to any window to the immediate right or left of the 10
676	676	driver any window tinting materials added after manufacture of the vehicle that do not 11
677	677	allow a light transmittance through the window of at least 35%. 12
678	678
679	679	(2) (I) If a police officer observes that a vehicle is being operated in 13
680	680	violation of paragraph (1) of this subsection, the officer may [stop the driver of the vehicle 14
681	681	and, in addition to]: 15
682	682
683	683	1. ENFORCE PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION O NLY 16
684	684	AS A SECONDARY ACTIO N WHEN THE POLICE OF FICER DETAINS A DRIV ER OF A 17
685	685	MOTOR VEHICLE FOR A SUSPECTED VIOLATION OF ANOTHER PROVISION OF THE 18
686	686	CODE; AND 19
687	687
688	688	2. A. ISSUE a citation charging the driver with the 20
689	689	offense[, issue]; OR 21
690	690
691	691	B. ISSUE to the driver a safety equipment repair order in 22
692	692	accordance with the provisions of § 23–105 of this article. 23
693	693
694	694	(II) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH 24
695	695	SUBPARAGRAPH (I)1 OF THIS PARAGRAPH : 25
696	696
697	697	1. MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE 26
698	698	DISCIPLINARY ACTION AGAINST THE OFFICER ; AND 27
699	699
700	700	2. SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION 28
701	701	OF SUBPARAGRAPH (I)1 OF THIS PARAGRAPH INADM ISSIBLE IN ANY TRIAL OR 29
702	702	OTHER PROCEEDING . 30
703	703
704	704	22–602. 31
705	705	16 HOUSE BILL 635
706	706
707	707
708	708	(a) A person may not drive on a highway in this State any motor vehicle or 1
709	709	combination of vehicles of a type required to be registered under Title 13 of this article, in 2
710	710	a manner that, at any time, at any speed, or under any condition of grade, load, 3
711	711	acceleration, or deceleration, exceeds the maximum sound level limits established under § 4
712	712	22–601 of this subtitle for the operation of that type of motor vehicle or combination of 5
713	713	vehicles. 6
714	714
715	715	(b) An owner or lessee of a motor vehicle may not permit to be driven on a highway 7
716	716	in this State any motor vehicle or combination of vehicles of a type required to be registered 8
717	717	under Title 13 of this article, in a manner that, at any time, at any speed, or under any 9
718	718	condition of grade, load, acceleration, or deceleration, exceeds the maximum sound level 10
719	719	limits established under § 22–601 of this subtitle for the operation of that type of motor 11
720	720	vehicle or combination of vehicles. 12
721	721
722	722	(C) (1) A POLICE OFFI CER MAY ENFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 13
723	723	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF A MOTOR 14
724	724	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 15
725	725
726	726	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 16
727	727	OF THIS SUBSECTION: 17
728	728
729	729	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 18
730	730	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 19
731	731
732	732	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 20
733	733	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 21
734	734	PROCEEDING . 22
735	735
736	736	SECTION 2. AND BE IT FURTHER ENACTED, That this Act shall take effect 23
737	737	October 1, 2025. 24
738	738