Maryland 2025 Regular Session

Maryland Senate Bill SB292 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.

Old	New	Differences
1	1
2	2
3	3	EXPLANATION: CAPITALS INDICATE MAT TER ADDED TO EXISTIN G LAW.
4	4	[Brackets] indicate matter deleted from existing law.
5	5	sb0292
6	6
7	7	SENATE BILL 292
8	8	R5, E2 5lr1510
9	9	CF 5lr1511
10	10	By: Senator Sydnor
11	11	Introduced and read first time: January 10, 2025
12	12	Assigned to: Judicial Proceedings
13	13
14	14	A BILL ENTITLED
15	15
16	16	AN ACT concerning 1
17	17
18	18	Motor Vehicles – Secondary Enforcement and Admissibility of Evidence 2
19	19
20	20	FOR the purpose of requiring a police officer to document all reasons for a traffic stop or 3
21	21	other stop on a citation or police report resulting from the stop; establishing that 4
22	22	certain evidence obtained during a traffic stop or other stop in violation of certain 5
23	23	provisions may be or is inadmissible in certain proceedings; authorizing a police 6
24	24	officer to enforce certain provisions of the Maryland Vehicle Law only as a secondary 7
25	25	action; establishing a police officer’s failure to comply with the provisions of this Act 8
26	26	as a basis for administrative disciplinary action; and generally relating to police 9
27	27	stops. 10
28	28
29	29	BY repealing and reenacting, with amendments, 11
30	30	Article – Criminal Procedure 12
31	31	Section 2–109 13
32	32	Annotated Code of Maryland 14
33	33	(2018 Replacement Volume and 2024 Supplement) 15
34	34
35	35	BY repealing and reenacting, with amendments, 16
36	36	Article – Transportation 17
37	37	Section 13–401, 13–411, 13–701, 13–703(g), 21–604, 21–605, 21–1111, 21–1117(d), 18
38	38	21–1133, 22–101(a)(2), 22–203(b), 22–204(f), 22–206, 22–403, 22–406(i)(2), 19
39	39	and 22–602 20
40	40	Annotated Code of Maryland 21
41	41	(2020 Replacement Volume and 2024 Supplement) 22
42	42
43	43	BY repealing and reenacting, without amendments, 23
44	44	Article – Transportation 24
45	45	Section 21–1117(a) and 22–406(i)(1) 25
46	46	Annotated Code of Maryland 26
47	47	(2020 Replacement Volume and 2024 Supplement) 27
48	48	2 SENATE BILL 292
49	49
50	50
51	51	SECTION 1. BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF MARYLAND, 1
52	52	That the Laws of Maryland read as follows: 2
53	53
54	54	Article – Criminal Procedure 3
55	55
56	56	2–109. 4
57	57
58	58	(a) At the commencement of a traffic stop or other stop, absent exigent 5
59	59	circumstances, a police officer shall: 6
60	60
61	61	(1) display proper identification to the stopped individual; and 7
62	62
63	63	(2) provide the following information to the stopped individual: 8
64	64
65	65	(i) the officer’s name; 9
66	66
67	67	(ii) the officer’s identification number issued by the law enforcement 10
68	68	agency the officer is representing; 11
69	69
70	70	(iii) the name of the law enforcement agency the police officer is 12
71	71	representing; and 13
72	72
73	73	(iv) the reason for the traffic stop or other stop. 14
74	74
75	75	(B) A POLICE OFFICER SHALL DOCUMENT ALL REASONS FOR A TRAFFIC 15
76	76	STOP OR OTHER STOP O N ANY CITATION OR PO LICE REPORT RESULTIN G FROM THE 16
77	77	STOP. 17
78	78
79	79	[(b)] (C) A police officer’s failure to comply with subsection (a) of this section: 18
80	80
81	81	(1) may be grounds for administrative disciplinary action against the 19
82	82	officer; and 20
83	83
84	84	(2) may [not] serve as the basis for the exclusion of evidence under the 21
85	85	exclusionary rule. 22
86	86
87	87	[(c)] (D) A police officer may not prohibit or prevent a citizen from recording the 23
88	88	police officer’s actions if the citizen is otherwise acting lawfully and safely. 24
89	89
90	90	Article – Transportation 25
91	91
92	92	13–401. 26
93	93
94	94	(a) This section applies to any vehicle required to be registered under this title. 27
95	95	SENATE BILL 292 3
96	96
97	97
98	98	(b) (1) If a vehicle is not registered, a person may not drive the vehicle on a 1
99	99	highway in this State. 2
100	100
101	101	(2) (i) If a person is convicted of a violation of this subsection that 3
102	102	involved the use of an off–highway recreational vehicle on a highway, the court shall notify 4
103	103	the Administration of the violation. 5
104	104
105	105	(ii) The Chief Judge of the District Court, in conjunction with the 6
106	106	Administration, shall establish uniform procedures for reporting convictions described in 7
107	107	this paragraph. 8
108	108
109	109	(c) If a vehicle is not registered, the owner of the vehicle may not knowingly allow 9
110	110	the vehicle to be driven on a highway in this State. 10
111	111
112	112	(d) If the required registration fee for a vehicle has not been paid, a person may 11
113	113	not drive the vehicle on a highway in this State. 12
114	114
115	115	(e) If the required registration fee for a vehicle has not been paid, the owner of 13
116	116	the vehicle may not knowingly allow the vehicle to be driven on a highway in this State. 14
117	117
118	118	(f) If the registration of a vehicle is canceled, a person may not drive the vehicle 15
119	119	on a highway in this State. 16
120	120
121	121	(g) If the registration of a vehicle is canceled, the owner of the vehicle may not 17
122	122	knowingly allow the vehicle to be driven on a highway in this State. 18
123	123
124	124	(h) If the registration of a vehicle is suspended, a person may not drive the vehicle 19
125	125	on a highway in this State. 20
126	126
127	127	(i) If the registration of a vehicle is suspended, the owner of the vehicle may not 21
128	128	knowingly allow the vehicle to be driven on a highway in this State. 22
129	129
130	130	(j) If the registration of a vehicle is revoked, a person may not drive the vehicle 23
131	131	on a highway in this State. 24
132	132
133	133	(k) If the registration of a vehicle is revoked, the owner of the vehicle may not 25
134	134	knowingly allow the vehicle to be driven on a highway in this State. 26
135	135
136	136	(L) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 27
137	137	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF A MOTOR 28
138	138	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 29
139	139
140	140	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 30
141	141	OF THIS SUBSECTION : 31
142	142	4 SENATE BILL 292
143	143
144	144
145	145	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 1
146	146	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 2
147	147
148	148	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 3
149	149	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION INADMISSIBLE IN ANY TRIAL OR OTHER 4
150	150	PROCEEDING . 5
151	151
152	152	13–411. 6
153	153
154	154	(a) On a vehicle for which two registration plates are required, one plate shall be 7
155	155	attached on the front and the other on the rear of the vehicle. 8
156	156
157	157	(b) On a vehicle for which one registration plate is required, the plate shall be 9
158	158	attached on the: 10
159	159
160	160	(1) Front of the vehicle for a Class F (tractor) vehicle; and 11
161	161
162	162	(2) Rear of the vehicle for every other vehicle. 12
163	163
164	164	(c) (1) At all times, each registration plate shall be: 13
165	165
166	166	(i) Maintained free from foreign materials, including registration 14
167	167	plate covers as defined in § 13–411.1 of this subtitle, and in a condition to be clearly legible; 15
168	168	and 16
169	169
170	170	(ii) Securely fastened to the vehicle for which it is issued: 17
171	171
172	172	1. In a horizontal position; 18
173	173
174	174	2. In a manner that prevents the plate from swinging; and 19
175	175
176	176	3. In a place and position to be clearly visible. 20
177	177
178	178	(2) For a violation involving the placement of an object framing or 21
179	179	bordering the edges of a registration plate, a police officer may enforce this subsection only 22
180	180	as a secondary action when the police officer detains a driver of a motor vehicle for a 23
181	181	suspected violation of another provision of the Code. 24
182	182
183	183	(d) Except as otherwise expressly permitted by the Maryland Vehicle Law, as to 25
184	184	any vehicle required to be registered under this title, a person may not drive the vehicle on 26
185	185	any highway in this State, unless there is attached to the vehicle and displayed on it, as 27
186	186	required in this title: 28
187	187
188	188	(1) A registration plate or plates issued for the vehicle by the 29
189	189	Administration for the current registration period; and 30
190	190	SENATE BILL 292 5
191	191
192	192
193	193	(2) Any validation tab issued for the vehicle under this subtitle. 1
194	194
195	195	(e) Except as otherwise expressly permitted by the Maryland Vehicle Law, as to 2
196	196	any vehicle required to be registered under this title, the owner of the vehicle may not 3
197	197	permit the vehicle to be driven on any highway in this State, unless there is attached to 4
198	198	and displayed on the vehicle, as required in this title: 5
199	199
200	200	(1) A registration plate or plates issued by the Administration for the 6
201	201	current registration period; and 7
202	202
203	203	(2) Any validation tab issued for the vehicle under this subtitle. 8
204	204
205	205	(f) Except as otherwise expressly permitted by the Maryland Vehicle Law, a 9
206	206	vehicle used or driven in this State may not display on either its front or rear any expired 10
207	207	registration plate issued by any state. 11
208	208
209	209	(g) Except as otherwise expressly permitted by the Maryland Vehicle Law, a 12
210	210	person may not display or permit to be displayed on any vehicle used or driven in this State 13
211	211	any registration plate issued for another vehicle or to a person other than the owner of the 14
212	212	vehicle. 15
213	213
214	214	(h) (1) A vehicle registered as a historic or antique vehicle (Class L) in this 16
215	215	State or in another state, when used or driven in this State, may display vintage 17
216	216	registration plates as an indication of the historic or antique nature of the vehicle. Except 18
217	217	as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the place on the vehicle provided for the 19
218	218	display of registration plates may only be used for the display of current registration plates 20
219	219	in accordance with subsections (a) through (c) of this section, and any vintage registration 21
220	220	plates which are used shall be displayed elsewhere on the vehicle. 22
221	221
222	222	(2) If the Administration authorizes the display of vintage registration 23
223	223	plates in lieu of current registration plates, as provided in § 13–936.1 of this title, the 24
224	224	vintage registration plates shall be displayed as required under subsections (a) through (c) 25
225	225	of this section. However, the current registration plates shall be kept in the vehicle at all 26
226	226	times. 27
227	227
228	228	(i) It is the duty of every police officer to report to the Administration all vehicles 28
229	229	operated in violation of this section. The Administration shall verify whether the owner of 29
230	230	a reported vehicle has complied with this section. 30
231	231
232	232	(J) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 31
233	233	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF A MOTOR 32
234	234	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 33
235	235
236	236	(2) A POLICE OFFICER MAY N OT STOP A MOTOR VEHI CLE FOR 34
237	237	DISPLAYING AN EXPIRE D REGISTRATION PRIOR TO THE FIRST DAY OF THE FOURTH 35
238	238	MONTH FOLLOWING THE ORIGINAL EXPIRAT ION DATE OF THE REGI STRATION. 36 6 SENATE BILL 292
239	239
240	240
241	241
242	242	(3) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 1
243	243	OR (2) OF THIS SUBSECTION : 2
244	244
245	245	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 3
246	246	ACTION AGAINST THE OFFICER; AND 4
247	247
248	248	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 5
249	249	PARAGRAPH (1) OR (2) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 6
250	250	PROCEEDING . 7
251	251
252	252	13–701. 8
253	253
254	254	(a) Except as otherwise provided in this title, as to any vehicle required to be 9
255	255	registered under this title, a person may not drive the vehicle on any highway in this State, 10
256	256	unless the vehicle displays current registration plates and a current registration card is 11
257	257	carried as required in this title. 12
258	258
259	259	(b) Except as otherwise provided in this title, as to any vehicle required to be 13
260	260	registered under this title, an owner of the vehicle may not knowingly permit the vehicle to 14
261	261	be driven on a highway in this State, unless the vehicle displays current registration plates 15
262	262	and a current registration card is carried as required in this title. 16
263	263
264	264	(C) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 17
265	265	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF A MOTOR 18
266	266	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 19
267	267
268	268	(2) A POLICE OFFICER MAY N OT STOP A MOTOR VEHI CLE FOR 20
269	269	DISPLAYING AN EXPIRE D REGISTRATION PRIOR TO THE FIRST DAY OF THE FOURTH 21
270	270	MONTH FOLLOWING THE ORIGINAL EXPIRATION DATE OF THE REGISTRA TION. 22
271	271
272	272	(3) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 23
273	273	OR (2) OF THIS SUBSECTION : 24
274	274
275	275	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 25
276	276	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 26
277	277
278	278	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 27
279	279	PARAGRAPH (1) OR (2) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 28
280	280	PROCEEDING . 29
281	281
282	282	13–703. 30
283	283
284	284	(g) (1) A person may not display on or for a vehicle any registration plate that 31
285	285	is neither: 32 SENATE BILL 292 7
286	286
287	287
288	288
289	289	[(1)] (I) Issued for the vehicle; or 1
290	290
291	291	[(2)] (II) Otherwise lawfully used on or for the vehicle under this title. 2
292	292
293	293	(2) (I) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SUBSECTI ON ONLY 3
294	294	AS A SECONDARY ACTIO N WHEN THE POLICE OF FICER DETAINS A DRIV ER OF A 4
295	295	MOTOR VEHICLE FOR A SUSPECTED VIOLATION OF ANOTHER PROVISION OF THE 5
296	296	CODE. 6
297	297
298	298	(II) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH 7
299	299	SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH : 8
300	300
301	301	1. MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE 9
302	302	DISCIPLINARY ACTION AGAINST THE OFFICER ; AND 10
303	303
304	304	2. SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION 11
305	305	OF SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH INADMISSIBLE IN ANY TRIAL OR OTHER 12
306	306	PROCEEDING . 13
307	307
308	308	21–604. 14
309	309
310	310	(a) A person may not turn a vehicle at an intersection, unless the vehicle is in the 15
311	311	position required by § 21–601 of this subtitle. 16
312	312
313	313	(b) A person may not turn a vehicle to enter a private road or driveway or 17
314	314	otherwise turn a vehicle from a direct course or move it right or left on a roadway or from 18
315	315	a shoulder or bikeway onto a roadway, unless the movement can be made with reasonable 19
316	316	safety. 20
317	317
318	318	(c) A person may not, if any other vehicle might be affected by the movement, 21
319	319	turn a vehicle until he gives an appropriate signal in the manner required by this subtitle. 22
320	320
321	321	(d) When required, a signal of intention to turn right or left shall be given 23
322	322	continuously during at least the last 100 feet traveled by the vehicle before turning; except 24
323	323	that a bicyclist may interrupt the turning signal to maintain control of the bicycle. 25
324	324
325	325	(e) If there is an opportunity to signal, a person may not stop or suddenly decrease 26
326	326	the speed of a vehicle until he gives an appropriate signal in the manner required by this 27
327	327	subtitle to the driver of any other vehicle immediately to the rear. 28
328	328
329	329	(f) The signals provided for in § 21–605(b) and (c) of this subtitle: 29
330	330
331	331	(1) May be used to indicate an intention to turn, change lanes, or start from 30
332	332	a stopped, standing, or parked position; and 31
333	333	8 SENATE BILL 292
334	334
335	335
336	336	(2) May not be flashed as a courtesy or “do pass” signal to the driver of any 1
337	337	other vehicle approaching from the rear. 2
338	338
339	339	(G) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 3
340	340	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF A MOTOR 4
341	341	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 5
342	342
343	343	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 6
344	344	OF THIS SUBSECTION : 7
345	345
346	346	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 8
347	347	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 9
348	348
349	349	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 10
350	350	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 11
351	351	PROCEEDING . 12
352	352
353	353	21–605. 13
354	354
355	355	(a) Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this section, each required stop 14
356	356	or turn signal shall be given: 15
357	357
358	358	(1) By hand and arm in conformity with § 21–606 of this subtitle; or 16
359	359
360	360	(2) By signal lamps. 17
361	361
362	362	(b) Each motor vehicle in use on a highway shall be equipped with and the 18
363	363	required signal given by signal lamps, if the distance from the center of the top of the 19
364	364	steering post to the left outside limit of the body, cab, or load of the vehicle is more than 24 20
365	365	inches. 21
366	366
367	367	(c) Each motor vehicle in use on a highway shall be equipped with and the 22
368	368	required signal given by signal lamps if, for any vehicle or combination of vehicles, the 23
369	369	distance from the center of the top of the steering post to the rear limit of the body or load 24
370	370	is more than 14 feet. 25
371	371
372	372	(D) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 26
373	373	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVE R OF A MOTOR 27
374	374	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 28
375	375
376	376	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 29
377	377	OF THIS SUBSECTION : 30
378	378
379	379	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 31
380	380	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 32 SENATE BILL 292 9
381	381
382	382
383	383
384	384	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 1
385	385	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 2
386	386	PROCEEDING . 3
387	387
388	388	21–1111. 4
389	389
390	390	(a) A person may not drop, throw, or place on a highway any glass bottle, glass, 5
391	391	nails, tacks, wire, cans, or any other substance likely to injure any person, animal, or 6
392	392	vehicle on the highway. 7
393	393
394	394	(b) Any person who drops, throws, or places or permits to be dropped, thrown, or 8
395	395	placed on a highway any destructive, hazardous, or injurious material immediately shall 9
396	396	remove it or cause it to be removed. 10
397	397
398	398	(c) Any person removing a wrecked or damaged vehicle from a highway also shall 11
399	399	remove from the highway any glass or other injurious substance dropped from the vehicle. 12
400	400
401	401	(d) A person may not throw, dump, discharge, or deposit any trash, junk, or other 13
402	402	refuse on any highway or public bridge or in any public waters. 14
403	403
404	404	(e) The owner of the vehicle, if present in the vehicle, or, in his absence, the driver 15
405	405	of the vehicle is presumed to be responsible for any violation of this section, if: 16
406	406
407	407	(1) The violation is caused by an occupant of the vehicle; 17
408	408
409	409	(2) The vehicle has two or more occupants; and 18
410	410
411	411	(3) It cannot be determined which occupant is the violator. 19
412	412
413	413	(f) A violation of this section is considered a moving violation for purposes of § 20
414	414	16–402 of this article. 21
415	415
416	416	(G) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 22
417	417	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF A MOTOR 23
418	418	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 24
419	419
420	420	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 25
421	421	OF THIS SUBSECTION : 26
422	422
423	423	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 27
424	424	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 28
425	425
426	426	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 29
427	427	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY TRIA L OR OTHER 30
428	428	PROCEEDING . 31 10 SENATE BILL 292
429	429
430	430
431	431
432	432	21–1117. 1
433	433
434	434	(a) (1) This section applies throughout this State, whether on or off a highway. 2
435	435
436	436	(2) For purposes of this section, any noise level above that adopted by the 3
437	437	Administrator under § 22–601 of this article is excessive. 4
438	438
439	439	(d) (1) A person may not drive a motor vehicle in any improper manner 5
440	440	intended to cause excessive noise. 6
441	441
442	442	(2) (I) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SUBSECTI ON ONLY 7
443	443	AS A SECONDARY ACTIO N WHEN THE POLICE OF FICER DETAINS A DRIV ER OF A 8
444	444	MOTOR VEHICLE FOR A SUSPECTED VIOLATION OF ANOTHER PROVISION OF THE 9
445	445	CODE. 10
446	446
447	447	(II) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH 11
448	448	SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH : 12
449	449
450	450	1. MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE 13
451	451	DISCIPLINARY ACTION AGAINST THE OFFICER ; AND 14
452	452
453	453	2. SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION 15
454	454	OF SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH INADMISSIBLE IN ANY TRIAL OR OTHER 16
455	455	PROCEEDING . 17
456	456
457	457	21–1133. 18
458	458
459	459	(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, a person may not drive, 19
460	460	stand, or park a vehicle in a dedicated bus lane unless authorized by the local jurisdiction 20
461	461	in which the dedicated bus lane is located. 21
462	462
463	463	(b) The following vehicles may be driven, allowed to stand, or, as appropriate, 22
464	464	parked in a dedicated bus lane: 23
465	465
466	466	(1) A transit vehicle owned, operated, or contracted for by the Maryland 24
467	467	Transit Administration, the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority, or a local 25
468	468	department of transportation; 26
469	469
470	470	(2) A school bus; 27
471	471
472	472	(3) A bicycle; 28
473	473
474	474	(4) An emergency vehicle; and 29
475	475
476	476	(5) A vehicle making a right turn at the next immediate intersection. 30 SENATE BILL 292 11
477	477
478	478
479	479
480	480	(C) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 1
481	481	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAIN S A DRIVER OF A MOTO R 2
482	482	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 3
483	483
484	484	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 4
485	485	OF THIS SUBSECTION : 5
486	486
487	487	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 6
488	488	ACTION AGAINST THE OFFICER ; AND 7
489	489
490	490	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 8
491	491	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 9
492	492	PROCEEDING . 10
493	493
494	494	22–101. 11
495	495
496	496	(a) (2) (I) A person may not do any act forbidden or fail to do any act 12
497	497	required under this title. 13
498	498
499	499	(II) 1. A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS PARAGRAP H 14
500	500	ONLY AS A SECONDARY ACTION WHEN THE POLI CE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF 15
501	501	A MOTOR VEHICLE FOR A SUSPECTED VIOLATIO N OF ANOTHER PROVISI ON OF THE 16
502	502	CODE. 17
503	503
504	504	2. A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH 18
505	505	SUBSUBPARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS SUBPARAGRAPH : 19
506	506
507	507	A. MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE 20
508	508	DISCIPLINARY ACTION AGAINST THE OFFICER ; AND 21
509	509
510	510	B. SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION 22
511	511	OF SUBSUBPARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS SUBPARAGRAPH INADMISSIB LE IN ANY TRIAL OR 23
512	512	OTHER PROCEEDING . 24
513	513
514	514	22–203. 25
515	515
516	516	(b) (1) Every motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle, shall be equipped with at 26
517	517	least two headlamps with at least one on each side of the front of the motor vehicle, which 27
518	518	headlamps shall emit white light and comply with the requirements and limitations set 28
519	519	forth in this title. 29
520	520
521	521	(2) (I) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SUBSECTI ON ONLY 30
522	522	AS A SECONDARY ACTIO N WHEN THE POLICE OF FICER DETAINS A DRIV ER OF A 31 12 SENATE BILL 292
523	523
524	524
525	525	MOTOR VEHICLE FOR A SUSPECTED VIOLA TION OF ANOTHER PROV ISION OF THE 1
526	526	CODE. 2
527	527
528	528	(II) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH 3
529	529	SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH : 4
530	530
531	531	1. MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE 5
532	532	DISCIPLINARY ACTION AGAINST THE OFFICER ; AND 6
533	533
534	534	2. SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION 7
535	535	OF SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH INADMISSIBLE IN ANY TRIAL OR OTHER 8
536	536	PROCEEDING . 9
537	537
538	538	22–204. 10
539	539
540	540	(f) (1) Either a tail lamp or a separate lamp shall be constructed and placed 11
541	541	to illuminate, with a white light, the rear registration plate and render it clearly legible 12
542	542	from a distance of 50 feet to the rear. Any tail lamp or tail lamps, together with any separate 13
543	543	lamp or lamps for illuminating the rear registration plate, shall be wired to be lighted 14
544	544	whenever the head lamps or auxiliary driving lamps are lighted. 15
545	545
546	546	(2) (I) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SUBSECTI ON ONLY 16
547	547	AS A SECONDARY ACTIO N WHEN THE POLICE OF FICER DETAINS A DRIV ER OF A 17
548	548	MOTOR VEHICLE FOR A SUSPECTED VIOLATION OF ANOTHER PROVISION OF THE 18
549	549	CODE. 19
550	550
551	551	(II) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH 20
552	552	SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH : 21
553	553
554	554	1. MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE 22
555	555	DISCIPLINARY ACTION AGAINST THE OFFICER ; AND 23
556	556
557	557	2. SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION 24
558	558	OF SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH INADMISSIBLE IN ANY TRIAL OR OTHER 25
559	559	PROCEEDING . 26
560	560
561	561	22–206. 27
562	562
563	563	(a) Every motor vehicle, trailer, semitrailer, and pole trailer shall be equipped 28
564	564	with at least one stop lamp meeting the requirements of § 22–219(a) of this subtitle, and 29
565	565	the following vehicles shall meet the following additional requirements: 30
566	566
567	567	(1) (i) Every motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle, registered in this 31
568	568	State and sold as a new vehicle after June 1, 1967, shall be equipped with at least two stop 32
569	569	lamps; 33 SENATE BILL 292 13
570	570
571	571
572	572
573	573	(ii) Every passenger vehicle manufactured on or after September 1, 1
574	574	1985, shall be equipped with a red center high mount stop lamp mounted with its center 2
575	575	on the vertical centerline of the vehicle as the vehicle is viewed from the rear; and 3
576	576
577	577	(iii) Every pickup truck, van, and sport utility vehicle manufactured 4
578	578	on or after September 1, 1993, shall be equipped with a red center high mount stop lamp 5
579	579	mounted with its center on the vertical centerline of the vehicle as the vehicle is viewed 6
580	580	from the rear; and 7
581	581
582	582	(2) After July 1, 1971, every trailer, semitrailer, and pole trailer shall be 8
583	583	equipped with at least two stop lamps. 9
584	584
585	585	(b) Every motor vehicle, trailer, semitrailer, and pole trailer registered in this 10
586	586	State and sold as a new vehicle after June 1, 1961, shall be equipped with electric turn 11
587	587	signal lamps meeting the requirements of § 22–219(b) through (h) of this subtitle, except 12
588	588	that: 13
589	589
590	590	(1) Motorcycles manufactured before January 1, 1973, need not be 14
591	591	equipped with electric turn signal lamps; and 15
592	592
593	593	(2) The requirements of this section apply only to those trailers, 16
594	594	semitrailers, and pole trailers that are registered in this State and sold as new vehicles on 17
595	595	or after July 1, 1971. 18
596	596
597	597	(c) Any special mobile equipment that is being towed shall be equipped with at 19
598	598	least 2 stop lamps that meet the requirements of § 22–219(a) of this subtitle and electric 20
599	599	turn signals that meet the requirements of § 22–219(b) of this subtitle if the special mobile 21
600	600	equipment: 22
601	601
602	602	(1) Obstructs the tail lamps, stop lamps, turn signals, or except for the 23
603	603	registration plate lamp, any lamp of the towing vehicle required by law to be visible from 24
604	604	the rear; or 25
605	605
606	606	(2) Extends more than 12 feet from the rear of the towing vehicle. 26
607	607
608	608	(D) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE SUBSECTIONS (A) AND (B) OF 27
609	609	THIS SECTION ONLY AS A SECONDARY ACTION WHEN THE POLI CE OFFICER DETAINS 28
610	610	A DRIVER OF A MOTOR VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER 29
611	611	PROVISION OF THE CODE. 30
612	612
613	613	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 31
614	614	OF THIS SUBSECTION : 32
615	615
616	616	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR ADMINISTRATIVE D ISCIPLINARY 33
617	617	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 34 14 SENATE BILL 292
618	618
619	619
620	620
621	621	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 1
622	622	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 2
623	623	PROCEEDING . 3
624	624
625	625	22–403. 4
626	626
627	627	(a) Every motor vehicle shall be equipped with at least one mirror located to 5
628	628	reflect to the driver a view of the highway for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear of 6
629	629	the vehicle. 7
630	630
631	631	(b) Every motor vehicle registered in this State shall be equipped with an outside 8
632	632	mirror on the driver’s side located to reflect to the driver a view of the highway for a distance 9
633	633	of at least 200 feet to the rear of the vehicle and along the driver’s side of the vehicle. This 10
634	634	subsection does not apply to motorcycles, which are governed by subsection (c) of this 11
635	635	section. 12
636	636
637	637	(c) Every motorcycle shall be equipped with two rearview mirrors, one each 13
638	638	attached to the right and left handlebars, which shall meet applicable federal motor vehicle 14
639	639	safety standards. 15
640	640
641	641	(d) Where the view through the inside rearview mirror is obstructed, two outside 16
642	642	rearview mirrors are required. 17
643	643
644	644	(E) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 18
645	645	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF A MOTOR 19
646	646	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 20
647	647
648	648	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 21
649	649	OF THIS SUBSECTION : 22
650	650
651	651	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 23
652	652	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 24
653	653
654	654	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 25
655	655	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTI ON INADMISSIBLE IN A NY TRIAL OR OTHER 26
656	656	PROCEEDING . 27
657	657
658	658	22–406. 28
659	659
660	660	(i) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (4) of this subsection, a person may 29
661	661	not operate a vehicle registered under § 13–912, § 13–913, § 13–917, or § 13–937 of this 30
662	662	article on a highway in this State if: 31
663	663
664	664	(i) In the case of a vehicle registered under § 13–912 of this article, 32
665	665	there is affixed to any window of the vehicle any tinting materials added to the window 33 SENATE BILL 292 15
666	666
667	667
668	668	after manufacture of the vehicle that do not allow a light transmittance through the window 1
669	669	of at least 35%; and 2
670	670
671	671	(ii) In the case of a vehicle registered under § 13–913, § 13–917, or § 3
672	672	13–937 of this article, there is affixed to any window to the immediate right or left of the 4
673	673	driver any window tinting materials added after manufacture of the vehicle that do not 5
674	674	allow a light transmittance through the window of at least 35%. 6
675	675
676	676	(2) (I) If a police officer observes that a vehicle is being operated in 7
677	677	violation of paragraph (1) of this subsection, the officer may [stop the driver of the vehicle 8
678	678	and, in addition to]: 9
679	679
680	680	1. ENFORCE PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION ONLY 10
681	681	AS A SECONDARY ACTIO N WHEN THE POLICE OF FICER DETAINS A DRIV ER OF A 11
682	682	MOTOR VEHICLE FOR A SUSPECTED VIOLATION OF ANOTHER PROVISION OF THE 12
683	683	CODE; AND 13
684	684
685	685	2. A. ISSUE a citation charging the driver with the 14
686	686	offense[, issue]; OR 15
687	687
688	688	B. ISSUE to the driver a safety equipment repair order in 16
689	689	accordance with the provisions of § 23–105 of this article. 17
690	690
691	691	(II) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH 18
692	692	SUBPARAGRAPH (I)1 OF THIS PARAGRAPH : 19
693	693
694	694	1. MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE 20
695	695	DISCIPLINARY ACTION AGAINST THE OFFICER ; AND 21
696	696
697	697	2. SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION 22
698	698	OF SUBPARAGRAPH (I)1 OF THIS PARAGRAPH INADMISSIBLE IN ANY TRIAL OR 23
699	699	OTHER PROCEEDING . 24
700	700
701	701	22–602. 25
702	702
703	703	(a) A person may not drive on a highway in this State any motor vehicle or 26
704	704	combination of vehicles of a type required to be registered under Title 13 of this article, in 27
705	705	a manner that, at any time, at any speed, or under any condition of grade, load, 28
706	706	acceleration, or deceleration, exceeds the maximum sound level limits established under § 29
707	707	22–601 of this subtitle for the operation of that type of motor vehicle or combination of 30
708	708	vehicles. 31
709	709
710	710	(b) An owner or lessee of a motor vehicle may not permit to be driven on a highway 32
711	711	in this State any motor vehicle or combination of vehicles of a type required to be registered 33
712	712	under Title 13 of this article, in a manner that, at any time, at any speed, or under any 34 16 SENATE BILL 292
713	713
714	714
715	715	condition of grade, load, acceleration, or deceleration, exceeds the maximum sound level 1
716	716	limits established under § 22–601 of this subtitle for the operation of that type of motor 2
717	717	vehicle or combination of vehicles. 3
718	718
719	719	(C) (1) A POLICE OFFICER MAY E NFORCE THIS SECTION ONLY AS A 4
720	720	SECONDARY ACTION WHE N THE POLICE OFFICER DETAINS A DRIVER OF A MOTOR 5
721	721	VEHICLE FOR A SUSPEC TED VIOLATION OF ANO THER PROVISION OF TH E CODE. 6
722	722
723	723	(2) A POLICE OFFICER ’S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH PARAGRAPH (1) 7
724	724	OF THIS SUBSECTION : 8
725	725
726	726	(I) MAY BE GROUNDS FOR AD MINISTRATIVE DISCIPL INARY 9
727	727	ACTION AGAINST THE O FFICER; AND 10
728	728
729	729	(II) SHALL MAKE ANY EVIDEN CE OBTAINED IN VIOLA TION OF 11
730	730	PARAGRAPH (1) OF THIS SUBSECTION I NADMISSIBLE IN ANY T RIAL OR OTHER 12
731	731	PROCEEDING . 13
732	732
733	733	SECTION 2. AND BE IT FURTHER ENACTED, That this Act shall take effect 14
734	734	October 1, 2025. 15