North Carolina 2025-2026 Regular Session

North Carolina Senate Bill S669 Compare Versions

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11 GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF NORTH CAROLINA
22 SESSION 2025
3-S 1
4-SENATE BILL 669
3+S D
4+SENATE BILL DRS35244-NBf-142
5+
56
67
78 Short Title: Physical Therapy Practice Act Mods. (Public)
89 Sponsors: Senator Sawrey (Primary Sponsor).
9-Referred to: Rules and Operations of the Senate
10-March 26, 2025
11-*S669 -v-1*
10+Referred to:
11+
12+*DRS35244 -NBf-142*
1213 A BILL TO BE ENTITLED 1
1314 AN ACT TO AMEND THE LAWS REGULATING THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICAL 2
1415 THERAPY. 3
1516 The General Assembly of North Carolina enacts: 4
1617 SECTION 1. G.S. 90-270.90 reads as rewritten: 5
1718 "Article 18E. 6
1819 "Physical Therapy. 7
1920 "§ 90-270.90. Definitions. 8
2021 In this Article, unless the context otherwise requires, the following definitions shall apply: 9
2122 … 10
2223 (4) "Physical therapy" means the evaluation or treatment of any person by the use 11
2324 of physical, chemical, or other properties of heat, light, water, electricity, 12
2425 sound, massage, or therapeutic exercise, or other rehabilitative procedures, 13
2526 with or without assistive devices, for the purposes of preventing, correcting, 14
2627 or alleviating a physical or mental disability. Physical therapy includes the 15
2728 performance of specialized tests of neuromuscular function, administration of 16
2829 specialized therapeutic procedures, interpretation and implementation of 17
2930 referrals from licensed medical doctors or dentists, and establishment and 18
3031 modification of physical therapy programs for patients. Evaluation and 19
3132 treatment of patients may involve physical measures, methods, or procedures 20
3233 as are (i) found commensurate with physical therapy education and training 21
3334 training, (ii) the standards of acceptable and prevailing physical therapy 22
3435 practice, and (iii) generally or specifically authorized by regulations of the 23
3536 Board. Physical therapy education and training shall include study of the 24
3637 skeletal manifestations of systemic disease. Physical therapy does not include 25
3738 the application of roentgen rays or radioactive materials, surgery, the practice 26
3839 of chiropractic, as defined by G.S. 90-143, or medical diagnosis of disease. 27
3940 …." 28
4041 SECTION 2. G.S. 90-270.91 reads as rewritten: 29
4142 "§ 90-270.91. Board of Examiners. 30
4243 The North Carolina Board of Physical Therapy Examiners is hereby created. The Board shall 31
4344 consist of eight members, including one medical doctor licensed and residing in North Carolina, 32
4445 four physical therapists, two physical therapist assistants, and one public member. The public 33
4546 member shall be appointed by the Governor and shall be a person who is not licensed under 34
4647 Chapter 90 who shall represent the interest of the public at large. The medical doctor, physical 35
47-therapists, and physical therapists assistants shall be appointed by the Governor from a list 36 General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025
48-Page 2 Senate Bill 669-First Edition
48+therapists, and physical therapists assistants shall be appointed by the Governor from a list 36
49+FILED SENATE
50+Mar 25, 2025
51+S.B. 669
52+PRINCIPAL CLERK General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025
53+Page 2 DRS35244-NBf-142
4954 compiled by the North Carolina Physical Therapy Association, Inc., American Physical Therapy 1
5055 Association North Carolina (APTANC), following the use of a nomination procedure made 2
5156 available to all physical therapists and physical therapist assistants licensed and residing in North 3
5257 Carolina. In soliciting nominations and compiling its list, the Association will give consideration 4
5358 to geographic distribution, practice setting (institution, independent, academic, etc.), and other 5
5459 factors that will promote representation of all aspects of physical therapy practice on the Board. 6
5560 The records of the operation of the nomination procedure shall be filed with the Board, to be 7
5661 available for a period of six months following nomination, for reasonable inspection by any 8
5762 licensed practitioner. Each physical therapist member of the Board shall be licensed and reside 9
5863 in this State; provided that the physical therapist shall have not less than three years' experience 10
5964 as a physical therapist immediately preceding appointment and shall be actively engaged in the 11
6065 practice of physical therapy in North Carolina during incumbency. Each physical therapist 12
6166 assistant member shall be licensed and reside in this State; provided that the physical therapist 13
6267 assistant shall have not less than three years' experience as a physical therapist assistant 14
6368 immediately preceding appointment and shall be actively engaged in practice as a physical 15
6469 therapist assistant in North Carolina during incumbency. 16
6570 Members shall be appointed to serve three-year terms, or until their successors are appointed, 17
6671 to commence on January 1 in respective years. In the event that a member of the Board for any 18
6772 reason shall become ineligible to or cannot complete a term of office, another appointment shall 19
6873 be made by the Governor, in accordance with the procedure stated above, to fill the remainder of 20
6974 the term. No member may shall serve for more than two successive three-year terms. 21
7075 The Board may immediately remove a member from the Board if the member is found by the 22
7176 remainder of the Board to have (i) ceased to meet the qualifications specified in this section, (ii) 23
7277 failed to attend three successive Board meetings without just cause, (iii) violated any of the 24
7378 provisions of this Article or rules adopted by the Board, or (iv) otherwise engaged in immoral, 25
7479 dishonorable, unprofessional, or unethical conduct. Before removing a Board member for 26
7580 immoral, dishonorable, unprofessional, or unethical conduct, the Board shall further find that the 27
7681 relevant conduct has compromised the integrity of the Board. 28
7782 The Board each year shall designate one of its physical therapist members as chairman and 29
7883 one member as secretary-treasurer. Each member of the Board shall receive such per diem 30
7984 compensation and reimbursement for travel and subsistence as shall be set for licensing boards 31
8085 generally." 32
8186 SECTION 3. G.S. 90-270.92 reads as rewritten: 33
8287 "§ 90-270.92. Powers of the Board. 34
8388 The Board shall have the following general powers and duties: 35
8489 (1) Examine and determine the qualifications and fitness of applicants for a 36
8590 license to practice physical therapy in this State. 37
8691 (2) Issue, renew, deny, restrict, suspend, or revoke licenses to practice physical 38
8792 therapy in this State, or reprimand encumber or otherwise discipline licensed 39
8893 physical therapists and physical therapist assistants.assistants who 40
8994 demonstrate unprofessional conduct, including departure from, or failure to 41
9095 conform to the standards commensurate with acceptable and prevailing 42
9196 physical therapy practice, or the ethics of the physical therapy profession as 43
9297 defined by the American Physical Therapy Association, Code of Ethics for 44
9398 the Physical Therapist, and Standards of Ethical Conduct for the Physical 45
9499 Therapist Assistant. 46
95100 (3) Conduct confidential investigations for the purpose of determining whether 47
96101 violations of this Article or grounds for disciplining licensed physical 48
97102 therapists or physical therapist assistants exist. Investigation records shall not 49
98103 be considered public records under Chapter 132 of the General Statutes. These 50
99104 records are privileged and are not subject to discovery, subpoena, or other 51 General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025
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101106 means of legal compulsion for release to any person other than the Board or 1
102107 its employees or consultants, except as provided in this section. However, any 2
103108 Board decisions rendered, hearing notices and statements of charges, and any 3
104109 material received and admitted into evidence at Board hearings shall be public 4
105110 records, regardless of whether the notices, statements, or materials are 5
106111 developed or compiled as a result of an investigation; provided that identifying 6
107112 information concerning the treatment or delivery of professional services to a 7
108113 patient who has not consented to its public disclosure may shall be deleted or 8
109114 redacted. 9
110115 (4) Establish mechanisms for assessing the continuing competence of licensed 10
111116 physical therapists or physical therapist assistants to engage in the practice of 11
112117 physical therapy, including approving rules requiring licensees to 12
113118 periodically, or in response to complaints or incident reports, submit to the 13
114119 Board: (i) evidence of continuing education experiences; (ii) evidence of 14
115120 minimum standard accomplishments; or (iii) evidence of compliance with 15
116121 other Board-approved measures, audits, or evaluations; and specify remedial 16
117122 actions if necessary or desirable to obtain license renewal or reinstatement. 17
118123 (5) Employ such or contract professional, clerical or special personnel necessary 18
119124 to carry out the provisions of this Article, and may purchase or rent necessary 19
120125 office space, equipment and supplies. 20
121126 (6) Conduct administrative hearings in accordance with Chapter 150B of the 21
122127 General Statutes when a "contested case" as defined in G.S. 150B-2(2) arises 22
123128 under this Article. 23
124129 (7) Appoint from its own membership one or more members to act as 24
125130 representatives of the Board at any meeting where such representation is 25
126131 deemed desirable. 26
127132 (8) Establish reasonable fees for applications for examination, licensure, 27
128133 certificates of licensure and renewal, and other services provided by the 28
129134 Board. 29
130135 (9) Adopt, amend, or repeal any rules or regulations necessary to carry out the 30
131136 purposes of this Article and the duties and responsibilities of the Board. 31
132137 (10) Request the Department of Public Safety to provide criminal history record 32
133138 checks pursuant to G.S. 90-270.96 in connection with licensure. 33
134139 (11) Issue subpoenas, on signature of the Board Chair or Executive Director, to 34
135140 compel the attendance of any witness or the production of any documents 35
136141 relative to investigations or Board proceedings. Upon written request, the 36
137142 Board shall revoke a subpoena if, upon a hearing, it finds that the evidence 37
138143 sought does not relate to a matter in issue, the subpoena does not describe with 38
139144 sufficient particularity the evidence sought, or for any other reason in law the 39
140145 subpoena is invalid. 40
141146 (12) Establish or participate in programs for aiding in the recovery and 41
142147 rehabilitation of physical therapists and physical therapist assistants who 42
143148 experience chemical or alcohol addiction or abuse or mental health problems. 43
144149 (13) Acquire, hold, rent, encumber, alienate, and otherwise deal with real property 44
145150 in the same manner as a private person or corporation, subject only to approval 45
146151 of the Governor and the Council of State. Collateral pledged by the Board for 46
147152 an encumbrance is limited to the assets, income, and revenues of the Board. 47
148153 The powers and duties enumerated above are granted for the purpose of enabling the Board 48
149154 to safeguard the public health, safety and welfare against unqualified or incompetent practitioners 49
150155 of physical therapy, and are to be liberally construed to accomplish this objective. In instances 50
151156 where the Board makes a decision to discipline physical therapists or physical therapist assistants 51 General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025
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153158 under powers set out by any of subsections subdivisions (2) through (4) and (6) of this section, it 1
154159 may as part of its decision charge the reasonable costs of investigation and hearing to the person 2
155160 disciplined." 3
156161 SECTION 4. G.S. 90-270.93 reads as rewritten: 4
157162 "§ 90-270.93. Records to be kept; copies of record. 5
158163 The Board shall keep a record of proceedings under this Article and a record of all persons 6
159164 licensed under it. The record shall show the name, email, last known place of business and last 7
160165 known place of residence, and date and number of licensure certificate as a physical therapist or 8
161166 physical therapist assistant, for every living licensee. Any interested person in the State is entitled 9
162167 to obtain a copy of that record on application to the Board and payment of such reasonable charge 10
163168 as may be fixed by it based on the costs involved." 11
164169 SECTION 5. G.S. 90-270.95 reads as rewritten: 12
165170 "§ 90-270.95. Qualifications of applicants for examination; licensure; application; fee. 13
166171 Any person who desires to be licensed under this Article and who:who meets all of the 14
167172 following: 15
168173 (1) Is of good moral character;character. 16
169174 (2) If an applicant for physical therapy therapist licensure, has been graduated 17
170175 from a physical therapy therapist program accredited by an agency recognized 18
171176 by either the U.S. Office of Education or the Council on Postsecondary 19
172177 Accreditation; andfor Higher Education Accreditation. 20
173178 (3) If an applicant for physical therapist assistant licensure, licensure has been 21
174179 graduated from a physical therapist assistant educational program accredited 22
175180 by an agency recognized by either the U.S. Office of Education or the Council 23
176181 on Postsecondary Accreditation;for Higher Education Accreditation, then the 24
177182 applicant may make application on a form furnished byshall apply to the 25
178183 Board for examination for licensure as a physical therapist or physical 26
179184 therapist assistant. At the time of making such that application, the applicant 27
180185 shall pay to the secretary-treasurer of the Board the fee prescribed by the 28
181186 Board, no portion of which shall be returned." 29
182187 SECTION 6. G.S. 90-270.96(a) reads as rewritten: 30
183188 "(a) All applicants for licensure shall consent to a criminal history record check. Refusal 31
184189 to consent to a criminal history record check may shall constitute grounds for the Board to deny 32
185190 licensure to an applicant. The Board shall be responsible for providing to the State Bureau of 33
186191 Investigation the fingerprints of the applicant to be checked, a form signed by the applicant 34
187192 consenting to the criminal history record check and the use of fingerprints and other identifying 35
188193 information required by the State or National Repositories, and any additional information 36
189194 required by the State Bureau of Investigation. The Board shall keep all information obtained 37
190195 pursuant to this section confidential." 38
191196 SECTION 7. G.S. 90-270.97 reads as rewritten: 39
192197 "§ 90-270.97. Licensure of foreign-trained non-CAPTE educated physical 40
193198 therapists.therapists and physical therapist assistants. 41
194199 Any person who has been trained as a physical therapist or physical therapist assistant in a 42
195200 foreign country non-CAPTE educational program and desires to be licensed under this Article 43
196201 and who:who satisfies all of the following: 44
197202 (1) Is of good moral character;character. 45
198203 (2) Holds a diplomaHas a diploma from an educational program for physical 46
199204 therapists or physical therapist assistants approved by the Board;Board. 47
200205 (3) Submits documentary evidence to the Board of completion of a course of 48
201206 instruction substantially equivalent to that obtained by an applicant for 49
202207 licensure under G.S. 90-270.95; andG.S. 90-270.95. 50 General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025
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204209 (4) Demonstrates satisfactory proof of proficiency in the English 1
205210 language;language. 2
206211 may The person shall make application on a form furnished byto the Board for examination 3
207212 licensure as a foreign-trainednon-CAPTE educated physical therapist or physical therapist 4
208213 assistant. At the time of making such application, the applicant shall pay to the secretary-treasurer 5
209214 of the Board the fee prescribed by the Board, no portion of which shall be returned." 6
210215 SECTION 8. G.S. 90-270.98 reads as rewritten: 7
211216 "§ 90-270.98. Certificates of licensure. 8
212217 (a) The Board shall furnish a certificate of licensure to each applicant successfully 9
213218 passing the examination for licensure as a physical therapist or physical therapist assistant, 10
214219 respectively. Upon receipt of satisfactory evidence that an applicant has graduated, within six 11
215220 months prior to application, from a physical therapy or physical therapy assistant program 12
216221 accredited as required under G.S. 90-270.95, the Board may authorize the applicant to perform 13
217222 as a physical therapist or physical therapist assistant in this State, but only under the immediate 14
218223 supervision of a physical therapist licensed in this State, until a formal decision by the Board on 15
219224 the application for license. If a new graduate applicant that has been authorized to perform under 16
220225 supervision by a licensed physical therapist fails (without due cause as determined in the Board's 17
221226 discretion) to take the next succeeding examination, or if the applicant fails to pass the 18
222227 examination, and consequently does not become licensed, the authorization for the applicant to 19
223228 perform under supervision shall expire. Applicants approved by the Board for performance as 20
224229 physical therapists or physical therapist assistants while their applications are pending under 21
225230 circumstances described in this subsection shall be referred to as Physical Therapist Graduate or 22
226231 Physical Therapist Assistant Graduate.respectively, and who satisfies the requirements of 23
227232 G.S. 90-270.95. 24
228233 (b) The Board shall furnish a certificate of licensure to any person who is a physical 25
229234 therapist or physical therapist assistant registered or licensed under the laws of another state or 26
230235 territory, if the individual's qualifications were at the date of his or her registration or licensure 27
231236 substantially equal to the requirements under this Article.Article and if the individual satisfies 28
232237 the requirements of G.S. 90-270.95. When making such application, the applicant shall pay to 29
233238 the secretary-treasurer of the Board the fee prescribed by the Board, no portion of which shall be 30
234239 returned." 31
235240 SECTION 9. G.S. 90-270.99 reads as rewritten: 32
236241 "§ 90-270.99. Renewal of license; lapse; revival. 33
237242 (a) Every licensed physical therapist or physical therapist assistant shall, during the 34
238243 month of Januaryfrom November 1 through January 31 at close of business of every year, apply 35
239244 to the Board for a renewal of licensure and pay to the secretary-treasurer the prescribed fee. If 36
240245 January 31 is not a business day, the renewal deadline shall be the next succeeding business day. 37
241246 Licenses that are not so renewed shall automatically lapse. The Board may decline to renew 38
242247 licenses of physical therapists or physical therapist assistants for failure to comply with any 39
243248 required continuing competency measures. 40
244249 (b) The manner in which lapsed licenses shall be revived, reinstated, or extended shall be 41
245250 established by the Board in its discretion." 42
246251 SECTION 10. G.S. 90-270.100 reads as rewritten: 43
247252 "§ 90-270.100. Fees. 44
248253 The Board may collect fees established by its rules, but those fees shall not exceed the 45
249254 following schedule for the specified items: 46
250255 (1) Each application for licensure ............................................................$150.00 47
251256 (1a) Continuing competence course approvals ..........................................$150.00 48
252257 (2) License renewal ..................................................................................$120.00 49
253258 (3) Transfer/verification/replace certificate ...............................................$30.00 50
254259 (4) Examination retake...............................................................................$60.00 51 General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025
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256261 (5) Late renewal .........................................................................................$20.00 1
257262 (6) Licensure revival (in addition to renewal) ...........................................$30.00 2
258263 (7) Directory ..............................................................................................$10.00 3
259264 (8) Licensee lists or labels ...........................................................................60.00 4
260265 In all instances where the Board uses the services of a national testing service for preparation, 5
261266 administration, or grading of examinations, the Board may charge the applicant the actual cost 6
262267 of the examination services, in addition to its other fees." 7
263268 SECTION 11. G.S. 90-270.101 reads as rewritten: 8
264269 "§ 90-270.101. Exemptions from licensure; certain practices exempted. 9
265270 (a) The following persons shall be permitted to practice physical therapy or assist in the 10
266271 practice in this State without obtaining a license under this Article upon the terms and conditions 11
267272 specified herein: 12
268273 … 13
269274 (6) Persons authorized to perform as physical therapists or physical therapist 14
270275 assistants under the provision of G.S. 90-270.98; 15
271276 … 16
272277 (10) Physical therapist or physical therapist assistant applicants seeking licensure 17
273278 or revival while completing the clinical practice requirements required by this 18
274279 Article and licensees performing remediation. Completing the clinical 19
275280 practice requirement without a license under this subdivision and performing 20
276281 remediation shall be performed under a Board-approved plan and supervision 21
277282 of a licensed physical therapist. 22
278283 …." 23
279284 SECTION 12. G.S. 90-270.102 reads as rewritten: 24
280285 "§ 90-270.102. Unlawful practice. 25
281286 Except as otherwise authorized in this Article, if any person, firm, or corporation shall: 26
282287 (1) Practice, attempt to practice, teach, consult, or supervise in physical therapy, 27
283288 or hold out any person as being able to do any of these things in this State, 28
284289 without first having obtained a license or authorization from the Board for the 29
285290 person performing services or being so held out; 30
286291 (2) Use in connection with any person's name any letters, words, numerical codes, 31
287292 or insignia indicating or implying that the person is a physical therapist or 32
288293 physical therapist assistant, or applicant with "Graduate" status, unless the 33
289294 person is licensed or authorized in accordance with this Article; 34
290295 (3) Practice or attempt to practice physical therapy with a revoked, lapsed, or 35
291296 suspended license; 36
292297 (4) Practice physical therapy and fail to refer to a licensed medical doctor or 37
293298 dentist appropriate healthcare professional any patient whose medical 38
294299 condition should have, at the time of evaluation or treatment, been determined 39
295300 to be beyond the scope of practice of a physical therapist; 40
296301 (5) Aid, abet, or assist any unlicensed person to practice physical therapy in 41
297302 violation of this Article; or 42
298303 (6) Violate any of the provisions of this Article; 43
299304 said person, firm, or corporation shall be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor. Each act of such 44
300305 unlawful practice shall constitute a distinct and separate offense." 45
301306 SECTION 13. G.S. 90-270.103 reads as rewritten: 46
302307 "§ 90-270.103. Grounds for disciplinary action. 47
303308 Grounds for disciplinary action shall include but not be limited to the following: 48
304309 (1) The employment of fraud, deceit or misrepresentation in obtaining or 49
305310 attempting to obtain a license, or the renewal thereof;thereof. 50 General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025
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307312 (2) The use of drugs or intoxicating liquors to an extent which affects professional 1
308313 competency;competency. 2
309314 (3) Conviction of an offense under any municipal, State, or federal narcotic or 3
310315 controlled substance law, until proof of rehabilitation can be 4
311316 established;established. 5
312317 (4) Conviction Subject to G.S. 93B-8.1, conviction of a felony or other public 6
313318 offense involving moral turpitude, until proof of rehabilitation can be 7
314319 established;or a misdemeanor. 8
315320 (5) An adjudication of insanity or incompetency, until proof of recovery from the 9
316321 condition can be established;established. 10
317322 (6) Engaging in any act or practice violative of any of the provisions of this Article 11
318323 or of any of the rules and regulations adopted by the Board, or aiding, abetting 12
319324 or assisting any other person in the violation of the same;same. 13
320325 (7) The commission of an act or acts of malpractice, gross negligence or 14
321326 incompetence in the practice of physical therapy;therapy. 15
322327 (8) Practice as a licensed physical therapist or physical therapist assistant without 16
323328 a valid certificate of renewal;renewal. 17
324329 (9) Engaging in conduct that could result in harm or injury to the public. 18
325330 (10) Violation of recognized standards of ethics of the physical therapy profession 19
326331 established under the rules adopted by the Board." 20
327332 SECTION 14. The North Carolina Board of Physical Therapy Examiners may adopt 21
328333 rules to implement this act. 22
329334 SECTION 15. This act becomes effective October 1, 2025. 23