New Mexico 2025 Regular Session

New Mexico House Bill HB373 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.
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2929 HOUSE BILL 373
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3131 TH LEGISLATURE
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4040 MEXICO
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4343 FIRST SESSION
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4646 2025
4747 INTRODUCED BY
4848 Pamelya Herndon
4949 AN ACT
5050 RELATING TO FAMILY LAW; ENACTING THE REVISED UNIFORM PARENTAGE
5151 ACT; CLARIFYING THE DETERMINATION OF PARENTAGE, ASSISTED
5252 REPRODUCTION AND SURROGACY AGREEMENTS; PROVIDING PENALTIES;
5353 AMENDING SECTIONS OF THE NMSA 1978; REPEALING THE NEW MEXICO
5454 UNIFORM PARENTAGE ACT.
5555 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO:
5656 ARTICLE 1
5757 GENERAL PROVISIONS
5858 SECTION 1. A new Section 40-11B-101 NMSA 1978 is enacted
5959 to read:
6060 "40-11B-101. [NEW MATERIAL ] SHORT TITLE.--Chapter 40,
6161 Article 11B NMSA 1978 may be cited as the "Revised Uniform
6262 Parentage Act"."
6363 SECTION 2. A new Section 40-11B-102 NMSA 1978 is enacted
6464 .229101.7 underscored material = new
6565 [bracketed material] = delete
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9191 to read:
9292 "40-11B-102. [NEW MATERIAL ] DEFINITIONS.--As used in the
9393 Revised Uniform Parentage Act:
9494 A. "acknowledged parent" means an individual who
9595 has established a parent-child relationship pursuant to Article
9696 3 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act;
9797 B. "adjudicated parent" means an individual who has
9898 been adjudicated to be a parent of a child by a court with
9999 jurisdiction;
100100 C. "alleged genetic parent" means an individual who
101101 is alleged to be, or alleges that the individual is, a genetic
102102 parent or possible genetic parent of a child whose parentage
103103 has not been adjudicated; "alleged genetic parent" includes an
104104 alleged genetic father and alleged genetic mother; "alleged
105105 genetic parent" does not include:
106106 (1) a presumed parent;
107107 (2) an individual whose parental rights have
108108 been terminated or declared not to exist; or
109109 (3) a donor;
110110 D. "assisted reproduction" means a method of
111111 causing pregnancy other than sexual intercourse; "assisted
112112 reproduction" includes:
113113 (1) intrauterine or intracervical
114114 insemination;
115115 (2) donation of gametes;
116116 .229101.7
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144144 (3) donation of embryos;
145145 (4) in-vitro fertilization and transfer of
146146 embryos; and
147147 (5) intracytoplasmic sperm injection;
148148 E. "birth" includes stillbirth;
149149 F. "bureau" means the vital records and health
150150 statistics bureau of the department of health;
151151 G. "child" means an individual of any age whose
152152 parentage may be determined pursuant to the Revised Uniform
153153 Parentage Act;
154154 H. "court" means a district court except when
155155 referring to a court in a jurisdiction other than New Mexico;
156156 I. "day" means a calendar day;
157157 J. "determination of parentage" means establishment
158158 of a parent-child relationship by a judicial or administrative
159159 proceeding or signing of a valid acknowledgment of parentage
160160 pursuant to Article 3 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act;
161161 K. "dissolution of marriage" means:
162162 (1) a declaration that a marriage is void; or
163163 (2) a decree of dissolution of marriage;
164164 L. "donor" means an individual who provides gametes
165165 intended for use in assisted reproduction, whether or not for
166166 consideration; "donor" does not include:
167167 (1) a woman who gives birth to a child
168168 conceived by assisted reproduction, except as otherwise
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197197 provided in Article 8 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act; or
198198 (2) a parent pursuant to Article 7 of the
199199 Revised Uniform Parentage Act or an intended parent pursuant to
200200 Article 8 of that act;
201201 M. "electronic" means relating to technology having
202202 electromagnetic, digital, wireless, optical, electrical,
203203 magnetic or similar capabilities;
204204 N. "gamete" means sperm, egg or any part of sperm
205205 or egg;
206206 O. "genetic testing" means an analysis of genetic
207207 markers to identify or exclude a genetic relationship;
208208 P. "individual" means a natural person of any age;
209209 Q. "intended parent" means an individual, married
210210 or unmarried, who manifests an intent to be legally bound as a
211211 parent of a child conceived by assisted reproduction;
212212 R. "man" means a male individual of any age;
213213 S. "notarial officer" means a notarial officer as
214214 defined in Section 14-14A-2 NMSA 1978;
215215 T. "parent" means an individual who has established
216216 a parent-child relationship pursuant to Section 40-11B-201 NMSA
217217 1978;
218218 U. "parentage" or "parent-child relationship" means
219219 the legal relationship between a child and a parent of the
220220 child;
221221 V. "presumed parent" means an individual who,
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250250 pursuant to Section 40-11B-204 NMSA 1978, is presumed to be a
251251 parent of a child, unless the presumption is overcome in a
252252 judicial proceeding, a valid denial of parentage is made
253253 pursuant to Article 3 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act or a
254254 court adjudicates the individual to be a parent;
255255 W. "record" means information that is inscribed on
256256 a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other
257257 medium and is retrievable in perceivable form;
258258 X. "separation" means a decree of separation or of
259259 separate maintenance;
260260 Y. "sign" means, with present intent to
261261 authenticate or adopt a record:
262262 (1) to execute or adopt a tangible symbol; or
263263 (2) to attach to or logically associate with
264264 the record an electronic symbol, sound or process;
265265 Z. "signatory" means an individual who signs a
266266 record;
267267 AA. "state" means a state of the United States, the
268268 District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin
269269 Islands or any territory or insular possession under the
270270 jurisdiction of the United States; "state" includes a federally
271271 recognized Indian nation, tribe or pueblo;
272272 BB. "support-enforcement agency" means the health
273273 care authority designated pursuant to Section 27-2-27 NMSA 1978
274274 as the single state agency for the enforcement of child and
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303303 spousal support obligations pursuant to Title IV D of the
304304 federal Social Security Act and any other public official or
305305 agency authorized to seek:
306306 (1) enforcement of support orders or laws
307307 relating to the duty of support;
308308 (2) establishment or modification of child
309309 support;
310310 (3) determination of parentage; or
311311 (4) location of child-support obligors and
312312 their income and assets;
313313 CC. "transfer" means a procedure for assisted
314314 reproduction by which an embryo or sperm is placed in the body
315315 of the woman who will give birth to the child;
316316 DD. "witnessed" means that at least one individual
317317 who is authorized to sign has signed a record to verify that
318318 the individual personally observed a signatory sign the record;
319319 and
320320 EE. "woman" means a female individual of any age."
321321 SECTION 3. A new Section 40-11B-103 NMSA 1978 is enacted
322322 to read:
323323 "40-11B-103. [NEW MATERIAL ] SCOPE.--
324324 A. The Revised Uniform Parentage Act applies to an
325325 adjudication or determination of parentage.
326326 B. The Revised Uniform Parentage Act does not
327327 create, affect, enlarge or diminish parental rights or duties
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356356 pursuant to the Children's Code or other law of New Mexico
357357 other than the Revised Uniform Parentage Act. The definition
358358 or use of terms in the Revised Uniform Parentage Act shall not
359359 be used to interpret, by analogy or otherwise, the same or
360360 other terms in the Adoption Act or other law of New Mexico
361361 other than the Revised Uniform Parentage Act."
362362 SECTION 4. A new Section 40-11B-104 NMSA 1978 is enacted
363363 to read:
364364 "40-11B-104. [NEW MATERIAL ] AUTHORIZED COURT.--The court
365365 may adjudicate parentage pursuant to the Revised Uniform
366366 Parentage Act and has jurisdiction over all actions pursuant to
367367 that act."
368368 SECTION 5. A new Section 40-11B-105 NMSA 1978 is enacted
369369 to read:
370370 "40-11B-105. [NEW MATERIAL ] APPLICABLE LAW.--The court
371371 shall apply the law of New Mexico to adjudicate parentage. The
372372 applicable law does not depend on:
373373 A. the place of birth of the child; or
374374 B. the past or present residence of the child."
375375 SECTION 6. A new Section 40-11B-106 NMSA 1978 is enacted
376376 to read:
377377 "40-11B-106. [NEW MATERIAL ] DATA PRIVACY.--A proceeding
378378 pursuant to the Revised Uniform Parentage Act is subject to law
379379 of New Mexico other than that act that governs the health,
380380 safety, privacy and liberty of a child or other individual who
381381 .229101.7
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409409 could be affected by disclosure of information that could
410410 identify the child or other individual, including address,
411411 telephone number, digital contact information, place of
412412 employment, social security number and the child's daycare
413413 facility or school."
414414 SECTION 7. A new Section 40-11B-107 NMSA 1978 is enacted
415415 to read:
416416 "40-11B-107. [NEW MATERIAL ] ESTABLISHMENT OF MATERNITY
417417 AND PATERNITY.--To the extent practicable, a provision of the
418418 Revised Uniform Parentage Act applicable to a father-child
419419 relationship applies to a mother-child relationship, and a
420420 provision of that act applicable to a mother-child relationship
421421 applies to a father-child relationship."
422422 ARTICLE 2
423423 PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP
424424 SECTION 8. A new Section 40-11B-201 NMSA 1978 is enacted
425425 to read:
426426 "40-11B-201. [NEW MATERIAL ] ESTABLISHMENT OF PARENT-CHILD
427427 RELATIONSHIP.--A parent-child relationship is established
428428 between an individual and a child if:
429429 A. the individual gives birth to the child, except
430430 as otherwise provided in Article 8 of the Revised Uniform
431431 Parentage Act;
432432 B. there is a presumption pursuant to Section
433433 40-11B-204 NMSA 1978 of the individual's parentage of the
434434 .229101.7
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462462 child, unless the presumption is overcome in a judicial
463463 proceeding or a valid denial of parentage is made pursuant to
464464 Article 3 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act;
465465 C. the individual is adjudicated a parent of the
466466 child pursuant to Article 6 of the Revised Uniform Parentage
467467 Act;
468468 D. the individual adopts the child;
469469 E. the individual acknowledges parentage of the
470470 child pursuant to Article 3 of the Revised Uniform Parentage
471471 Act, unless the acknowledgment is rescinded pursuant to Section
472472 40-11B-308 NMSA 1978 or successfully challenged pursuant to
473473 Article 3 or 6 of that act;
474474 F. the individual's parentage of the child is
475475 established pursuant to Article 7 of the Revised Uniform
476476 Parentage Act; or
477477 G. the individual's parentage of the child is
478478 established pursuant to Article 8 of the Revised Uniform
479479 Parentage Act."
480480 SECTION 9. A new Section 40-11B-202 NMSA 1978 is enacted
481481 to read:
482482 "40-11B-202. [NEW MATERIAL ] NO DISCRIMINATION BASED ON
483483 MARITAL STATUS OF PARENT.--A parent-child relationship extends
484484 equally to every child and parent, regardless of the marital
485485 status of the parent."
486486 SECTION 10. A new Section 40-11B-203 NMSA 1978 is enacted
487487 .229101.7
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515515 to read:
516516 "40-11B-203. [NEW MATERIAL ] CONSEQUENCES OF ESTABLISHING
517517 PARENTAGE.--Unless parental rights are terminated or
518518 extinguished by relinquishment and decree of adoption pursuant
519519 to the Children's Code, a parent-child relationship established
520520 pursuant to the Revised Uniform Parentage Act applies for all
521521 purposes, except determinations of parental rights pursuant to
522522 the Children's Code or as otherwise provided by law of New
523523 Mexico other than the Revised Uniform Parentage Act."
524524 SECTION 11. A new Section 40-11B-204 NMSA 1978 is enacted
525525 to read:
526526 "40-11B-204. [NEW MATERIAL ] PRESUMPTION OF PARENTAGE.--
527527 A. An individual is presumed to be a parent of a
528528 child if:
529529 (1) except as otherwise provided pursuant to
530530 Article 8 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act or law of New
531531 Mexico other than that act:
532532 (a) the individual and the woman who
533533 gave birth to the child are married to each other and the child
534534 is born during the marriage, regardless of whether the marriage
535535 is or could be declared invalid;
536536 (b) the individual and the woman who
537537 gave birth to the child were married to each other and the
538538 child is born not later than three hundred days after the
539539 marriage is terminated by death or dissolution of marriage or
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568568 after separation, regardless of whether the marriage is or
569569 could be declared invalid; or
570570 (c) the individual and the woman who
571571 gave birth to the child married each other after the birth of
572572 the child, regardless of whether the marriage is or could be
573573 declared invalid, the individual at any time asserted parentage
574574 of the child and: 1) the assertion is in a record filed with
575575 the bureau; or 2) the individual agreed to be and is named as a
576576 parent of the child on the birth certificate of the child; or
577577 (2) the individual resided in the same
578578 household with the child for the first two years of the life of
579579 the child, including any period of temporary absence, and
580580 openly held out the child as the individual's child.
581581 B. A presumption of parentage pursuant to this
582582 section may be overcome, and competing claims to parentage may
583583 be resolved, only by an adjudication pursuant to Article 6 of
584584 the Revised Uniform Parentage Act or a valid denial of
585585 parentage pursuant to Article 3 of that act. Overcoming a
586586 presumption of parentage pursuant to the Revised Uniform
587587 Parentage Act does not apply to a presumption of parentage
588588 established pursuant to the Adoption Act."
589589 ARTICLE 3
590590 VOLUNTARY ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF PARENTAGE
591591 SECTION 12. A new Section 40-11B-301 NMSA 1978 is enacted
592592 to read:
593593 .229101.7
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621621 "40-11B-301. [NEW MATERIAL ] ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF
622622 PARENTAGE.--A woman who gave birth to a child and an alleged
623623 genetic father of the child, intended parent pursuant to
624624 Article 7 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act or presumed
625625 parent may sign an acknowledgment of parentage to establish the
626626 parentage of the child."
627627 SECTION 13. A new Section 40-11B-302 NMSA 1978 is enacted
628628 to read:
629629 "40-11B-302. [NEW MATERIAL ] EXECUTION OF ACKNOWLEDGMENT
630630 OF PARENTAGE.--
631631 A. An acknowledgment of parentage pursuant to
632632 Section 40-11B-301 NMSA 1978 shall:
633633 (1) be in a record signed by the woman who
634634 gave birth to the child and by the individual seeking to
635635 establish a parent-child relationship, and the signatures shall
636636 be attested by a notarial officer or witnessed;
637637 (2) state that the child whose parentage is
638638 being acknowledged:
639639 (a) does not have a presumed parent
640640 other than the individual seeking to establish the parent-child
641641 relationship or has a presumed parent whose full name is
642642 stated; and
643643 (b) does not have another acknowledged
644644 parent, adjudicated parent or individual who is a parent of the
645645 child pursuant to Article 7 or 8 of the Revised Uniform
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674674 Parentage Act other than the woman who gave birth to the child;
675675 and
676676 (3) state that the signatories understand that
677677 the acknowledgment is the equivalent of an adjudication of
678678 parentage of the child and that a challenge to the
679679 acknowledgment is permitted only under limited circumstances
680680 and is barred two years after the effective date of the
681681 acknowledgment.
682682 B. An acknowledgment of parentage is void if, at
683683 the time of signing:
684684 (1) an individual other than the individual
685685 seeking to establish parentage is a presumed parent, unless a
686686 denial of parentage by the presumed parent in a signed record
687687 is filed with the bureau; or
688688 (2) an individual other than the woman who
689689 gave birth to the child or the individual seeking to establish
690690 parentage is an acknowledged or adjudicated parent or a parent
691691 pursuant to Article 7 or 8 of the Revised Uniform Parentage
692692 Act."
693693 SECTION 14. A new Section 40-11B-303 NMSA 1978 is enacted
694694 to read:
695695 "40-11B-303. [NEW MATERIAL ] DENIAL OF PARENTAGE.--A
696696 presumed parent or alleged genetic parent may sign a denial of
697697 parentage in a record. The denial of parentage is valid only
698698 if:
699699 .229101.7
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727727 A. an acknowledgment of parentage by another
728728 individual is filed pursuant to Section 40-11B-305 NMSA 1978;
729729 B. the signature of the presumed parent or alleged
730730 genetic parent is attested by a notarial officer or witnessed;
731731 and
732732 C. the presumed parent or alleged genetic parent
733733 has not previously:
734734 (1) completed a valid acknowledgment of
735735 parentage, unless the previous acknowledgment was rescinded
736736 pursuant to Section 40-11B-308 NMSA 1978 or challenged
737737 successfully pursuant to Section 40-11B-309 NMSA 1978; or
738738 (2) been adjudicated to be a parent of the
739739 child."
740740 SECTION 15. A new Section 40-11B-304 NMSA 1978 is enacted
741741 to read:
742742 "40-11B-304. [NEW MATERIAL ] RULES FOR ACKNOWLEDGMENT OR
743743 DENIAL OF PARENTAGE.--
744744 A. An acknowledgment of parentage and a denial of
745745 parentage may be contained in a single document or may be in
746746 counterparts and may be filed with the bureau separately or
747747 simultaneously. If filing of the acknowledgment and denial
748748 both are required pursuant to the Revised Uniform Parentage
749749 Act, neither is effective until both are filed.
750750 B. An acknowledgment of parentage or denial of
751751 parentage may be signed before or after the birth of the child.
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780780 C. Subject to Subsection A of this section, an
781781 acknowledgment of parentage or denial of parentage takes effect
782782 on the birth of the child or filing of the document with the
783783 bureau, whichever occurs later.
784784 D. An acknowledgment of parentage or denial of
785785 parentage signed by a minor is valid if the acknowledgment
786786 complies with the Revised Uniform Parentage Act."
787787 SECTION 16. A new Section 40-11B-305 NMSA 1978 is enacted
788788 to read:
789789 "40-11B-305. [NEW MATERIAL ] EFFECT OF ACKNOWLEDGMENT OR
790790 DENIAL OF PARENTAGE.--
791791 A. Except as otherwise provided in Sections
792792 40-11B-308 and 40-11B-309 NMSA 1978, an acknowledgment of
793793 parentage that complies with this article of the Revised
794794 Uniform Parentage Act and is filed with the bureau is
795795 equivalent to an adjudication of parentage of the child and
796796 confers on the acknowledged parent all rights and duties of a
797797 parent.
798798 B. Except as otherwise provided in Sections
799799 40-11B-308 and 40-11B-309 NMSA 1978, a denial of parentage by a
800800 presumed parent or alleged genetic parent that complies with
801801 this article of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act and is filed
802802 with the bureau with an acknowledgment of parentage that
803803 complies with this article of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act
804804 is equivalent to an adjudication of the nonparentage of the
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833833 presumed parent or alleged genetic parent and discharges the
834834 presumed parent or alleged genetic parent from all rights and
835835 duties of a parent."
836836 SECTION 17. A new Section 40-11B-306 NMSA 1978 is enacted
837837 to read:
838838 "40-11B-306. [NEW MATERIAL ] NO FILING FEE.--The bureau
839839 shall not charge a fee for filing an acknowledgment of
840840 parentage or denial of parentage."
841841 SECTION 18. A new Section 40-11B-307 NMSA 1978 is enacted
842842 to read:
843843 "40-11B-307. [NEW MATERIAL ] RATIFICATION BARRED.--A court
844844 conducting a judicial proceeding or an administrative agency
845845 conducting an administrative proceeding is not required or
846846 permitted to ratify an unchallenged acknowledgment of
847847 parentage."
848848 SECTION 19. A new Section 40-11B-308 NMSA 1978 is enacted
849849 to read:
850850 "40-11B-308. [NEW MATERIAL ] PROCEEDING FOR RESCISSION.--A
851851 signatory may rescind an acknowledgment of parentage or denial
852852 of parentage only by means of a judicial proceeding to rescind
853853 the acknowledgment or denial of parentage. A proceeding to
854854 rescind an acknowledgment of parentage or a denial of parentage
855855 shall be brought no later than the earlier of:
856856 A. sixty days after the effective date of the
857857 acknowledgment or denial, as provided in Section 40-11B-304
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886886 NMSA 1978;
887887 B. in the case of a signatory who was a minor at
888888 the time of acknowledgment, the later of:
889889 (1) sixty days after the eighteenth birthday
890890 of the signatory; or
891891 (2) sixty days after the effective date of the
892892 acknowledgment or denial, as provided in Section 40-11B-304
893893 NMSA 1978; or
894894 C. the date of the first hearing, in a proceeding
895895 to which the signatory is a party, before a court to adjudicate
896896 an issue relating to the child, including a proceeding that
897897 establishes support."
898898 SECTION 20. A new Section 40-11B-309 NMSA 1978 is enacted
899899 to read:
900900 "40-11B-309. [NEW MATERIAL ] CHALLENGE AFTER EXPIRATION OF
901901 PERIOD FOR RESCISSION.--
902902 A. After the period for rescission pursuant to
903903 Section 40-11B-308 NMSA 1978 expires, but not later than two
904904 years after the effective date pursuant to Section 40-11B-304
905905 NMSA 1978 of an acknowledgment of parentage or denial of
906906 parentage, a signatory of the acknowledgment or denial may
907907 commence a proceeding to challenge the acknowledgment or
908908 denial, including a challenge brought pursuant to Section
909909 40-11B-614 NMSA 1978, only on the basis of fraud, duress or
910910 material mistake of fact.
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939939 B. A challenge to an acknowledgment of parentage or
940940 denial of parentage by an individual who was not a signatory to
941941 the acknowledgment or denial is governed by Section 40-11B-610
942942 NMSA 1978."
943943 SECTION 21. A new Section 40-11B-310 NMSA 1978 is enacted
944944 to read:
945945 "40-11B-310. [NEW MATERIAL ] PROCEDURE FOR CHALLENGE BY
946946 SIGNATORY.--
947947 A. Every signatory to an acknowledgment of
948948 parentage and any related denial of parentage shall be made a
949949 party to a proceeding to challenge the acknowledgment or
950950 denial.
951951 B. By signing an acknowledgment of parentage or
952952 denial of parentage, a signatory submits to the personal
953953 jurisdiction of the courts of New Mexico in a proceeding to
954954 challenge the acknowledgment or denial, effective on the filing
955955 of the acknowledgment or denial with the bureau.
956956 C. The court may not suspend the legal
957957 responsibilities arising from an acknowledgment of parentage,
958958 including the duty to pay child support, during the pendency of
959959 a proceeding to challenge the acknowledgment or a related
960960 denial of parentage, unless the party challenging the
961961 acknowledgment or denial shows good cause.
962962 D. A party challenging an acknowledgment of
963963 parentage or denial of parentage has the burden of proof.
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992992 E. If the court determines that a party has
993993 satisfied the burden of proof pursuant to Subsection D of this
994994 section, the court shall order the bureau to amend the birth
995995 record of the child to reflect the legal parentage of the
996996 child.
997997 F. A proceeding to challenge an acknowledgment of
998998 parentage or denial of parentage shall be conducted pursuant to
999999 Article 6 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act."
10001000 SECTION 22. A new Section 40-11B-311 NMSA 1978 is enacted
10011001 to read:
10021002 "40-11B-311. [NEW MATERIAL ] FULL FAITH AND CREDIT.--The
10031003 court shall give full faith and credit to an acknowledgment of
10041004 parentage or denial of parentage effective in another state if
10051005 the acknowledgment or denial was in a signed record and
10061006 otherwise complies with law of the other state."
10071007 SECTION 23. A new Section 40-11B-312 NMSA 1978 is enacted
10081008 to read:
10091009 "40-11B-312. [NEW MATERIAL ] FORMS FOR ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND
10101010 DENIAL OF PARENTAGE.--
10111011 A. The bureau shall prescribe forms for an
10121012 acknowledgment of parentage and denial of parentage.
10131013 B. A valid acknowledgment of parentage or denial of
10141014 parentage is not affected by a later modification of the form
10151015 pursuant to Subsection A of this section."
10161016 SECTION 24. A new Section 40-11B-313 NMSA 1978 is enacted
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10451045 to read:
10461046 "40-11B-313. [NEW MATERIAL ] RELEASE OF INFORMATION.--The
10471047 bureau may release information relating to an acknowledgment of
10481048 parentage or denial of parentage to a signatory of the
10491049 acknowledgment or denial, a court, federal agency and support-
10501050 enforcement agency of this or another state as permitted by the
10511051 provisions of Chapter 24, Article 14 NMSA 1978."
10521052 SECTION 25. A new Section 40-11B-314 NMSA 1978 is enacted
10531053 to read:
10541054 "40-11B-314. [NEW MATERIAL ] ADOPTION OF RULES.--The
10551055 bureau may adopt rules pursuant to the State Rules Act to
10561056 implement this article of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act."
10571057 ARTICLE 4
10581058 REGISTRY OF PATERNITY
10591059 SECTION 26. A new Section 40-11B-401 NMSA 1978 is enacted
10601060 to read:
10611061 "40-11B-401. [NEW MATERIAL ] ESTABLISHMENT OF REGISTRY.--
10621062 The putative father registry established pursuant to Section
10631063 32A-5-20 NMSA 1978 is also the registry of paternity
10641064 established pursuant to the Revised Uniform Parentage Act."
10651065 ARTICLE 5
10661066 GENETIC TESTING
10671067 SECTION 27. A new Section 40-11B-501 NMSA 1978 is enacted
10681068 to read:
10691069 "40-11B-501. [NEW MATERIAL ] DEFINITIONS.--As used in this
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10981098 article of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act:
10991099 A. "combined relationship index" means the product
11001100 of all tested relationship indices;
11011101 B. "ethnic or racial group" means, for the purpose
11021102 of genetic testing, a recognized group that an individual
11031103 identifies as the individual's ancestry or part of the ancestry
11041104 or that is identified by other information;
11051105 C. "hypothesized genetic relationship" means an
11061106 asserted genetic relationship between an individual and a
11071107 child;
11081108 D. "probability of parentage" means, for the ethnic
11091109 or racial group to which an individual alleged to be a parent
11101110 belongs, the probability that a hypothesized genetic
11111111 relationship is supported, compared to the probability that a
11121112 genetic relationship is supported between the child and a
11131113 random individual of the ethnic or racial group used in the
11141114 hypothesized genetic relationship, expressed as a percentage
11151115 incorporating the combined relationship index and a prior
11161116 probability; and
11171117 E. "relationship index" means a likelihood ratio
11181118 that compares the probability of a genetic marker given a
11191119 hypothesized genetic relationship and the probability of the
11201120 genetic marker given a genetic relationship between the child
11211121 and a random individual of the ethnic or racial group used in
11221122 the hypothesized genetic relationship."
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11511151 SECTION 28. A new Section 40-11B-502 NMSA 1978 is enacted
11521152 to read:
11531153 "40-11B-502. [NEW MATERIAL ] SCOPE OF ARTICLE 5--
11541154 LIMITATION ON USE OF GENETIC TESTING.--
11551155 A. This article of the Revised Uniform Parentage
11561156 Act governs genetic testing of an individual in a proceeding to
11571157 adjudicate parentage, whether the individual:
11581158 (1) voluntarily submits to testing; or
11591159 (2) is tested pursuant to an order of the
11601160 court or a support-enforcement agency.
11611161 B. Genetic testing shall not be used:
11621162 (1) to challenge the parentage of an
11631163 individual who is a parent pursuant to Article 7 or 8 of the
11641164 Revised Uniform Parentage Act; or
11651165 (2) to establish the parentage of an
11661166 individual who is a donor."
11671167 SECTION 29. A new Section 40-11B-503 NMSA 1978 is enacted
11681168 to read:
11691169 "40-11B-503. [NEW MATERIAL ] AUTHORITY TO ORDER OR DENY
11701170 GENETIC TESTING.--
11711171 A. Except as otherwise provided in this article of
11721172 the Revised Uniform Parentage Act or Article 6 of the Revised
11731173 Uniform Parentage Act, in a proceeding pursuant to that act to
11741174 determine parentage, the court shall order the child and any
11751175 other individual to submit to genetic testing if a request for
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12041204 testing is supported by the sworn statement of a party:
12051205 (1) alleging genetic parentage of the child
12061206 and stating facts establishing a reasonable possibility that
12071207 the individual is the child's genetic parent; or
12081208 (2) denying genetic parentage of the child and
12091209 stating facts establishing a reasonable possibility that the
12101210 individual is not a genetic parent.
12111211 B. The support-enforcement agency may order genetic
12121212 testing only if there is no presumed, acknowledged or
12131213 adjudicated parent of a child other than the woman who gave
12141214 birth to the child.
12151215 C. The court or support-enforcement agency shall
12161216 not order in utero genetic testing.
12171217 D. If two or more individuals are subject to court-
12181218 ordered genetic testing, the court may order that testing be
12191219 completed concurrently or sequentially.
12201220 E. Genetic testing of a woman who gave birth to a
12211221 child is not a condition precedent to testing of the child and
12221222 an individual whose genetic parentage of the child is being
12231223 determined. If the woman is unavailable or declines to submit
12241224 to genetic testing, the court may order genetic testing of the
12251225 child and each individual whose genetic parentage of the child
12261226 is being adjudicated.
12271227 F. In a proceeding to adjudicate the parentage of a
12281228 child having a presumed parent or an individual who claims to
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12571257 be a parent pursuant to Section 40-11B-609 NMSA 1978, or to
12581258 challenge an acknowledgment of parentage, the court may deny a
12591259 motion for genetic testing of the child and any other
12601260 individual after considering the factors in Subsections A and B
12611261 of Section 40-11B-613 NMSA 1978.
12621262 G. If an individual requesting genetic testing is
12631263 barred pursuant to Article 6 of the Revised Uniform Parentage
12641264 Act from establishing the individual's parentage, the court
12651265 shall deny the request for genetic testing.
12661266 H. Subject to any rules established by the New
12671267 Mexico supreme court, an order pursuant to this section for
12681268 genetic testing is enforceable by contempt."
12691269 SECTION 30. A new Section 40-11B-504 NMSA 1978 is enacted
12701270 to read:
12711271 "40-11B-504. [NEW MATERIAL ] REQUIREMENTS FOR GENETIC
12721272 TESTING.--
12731273 A. Genetic testing shall be of a type reasonably
12741274 relied on by experts in the field of genetic testing and
12751275 performed in a testing laboratory accredited by:
12761276 (1) the AABB, formerly known as the American
12771277 association of blood banks, or a successor to its functions; or
12781278 (2) an accrediting body designated by the
12791279 United States secretary of health and human services.
12801280 B. A specimen used in genetic testing may consist
12811281 of a sample or a combination of samples of blood, buccal cells,
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13101310 bone, hair or other body tissue or fluid. The specimen used in
13111311 the testing need not be of the same kind for each individual
13121312 undergoing genetic testing.
13131313 C. Based on the ethnic or racial group of an
13141314 individual undergoing genetic testing, a testing laboratory
13151315 shall determine the databases from which to select frequencies
13161316 for use in calculating a relationship index. If an individual
13171317 or a support-enforcement agency objects to the laboratory's
13181318 choice, the following rules apply:
13191319 (1) not later than thirty days after receipt
13201320 of the report of the test, the objecting individual or support-
13211321 enforcement agency may request the court to require the
13221322 laboratory to recalculate the relationship index using an
13231323 ethnic or racial group different from that used by the
13241324 laboratory;
13251325 (2) the individual or the support-enforcement
13261326 agency objecting to the laboratory's choice pursuant to this
13271327 subsection shall:
13281328 (a) if the requested frequencies are not
13291329 available to the laboratory for the ethnic or racial group
13301330 requested, provide the requested frequencies compiled in a
13311331 manner recognized by accrediting bodies; or
13321332 (b) engage another laboratory to perform
13331333 the calculations; and
13341334 (3) the laboratory may use its own statistical
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13631363 estimate if there is a question as to which ethnic or racial
13641364 group is appropriate. The laboratory shall calculate the
13651365 frequencies using statistics, if available, for any other
13661366 ethnic or racial group requested.
13671367 D. If, after recalculation of the relationship
13681368 index pursuant to Subsection C of this section using a
13691369 different ethnic or racial group, genetic testing pursuant to
13701370 Section 40-11B-506 NMSA 1978 does not identify an individual as
13711371 a genetic parent of a child, the court may require an
13721372 individual who has been tested to submit to additional genetic
13731373 testing to identify a genetic parent.
13741374 E. The retention of materials used for genetic
13751375 testing shall be governed by the provisions of Sections 24-21-3
13761376 and 24-21-5 NMSA 1978."
13771377 SECTION 31. A new Section 40-11B-505 NMSA 1978 is enacted
13781378 to read:
13791379 "40-11B-505. [NEW MATERIAL ] REPORT OF GENETIC TESTING.--
13801380 A. A report of genetic testing shall be in a record
13811381 and signed under penalty of perjury by a designee of the
13821382 testing laboratory. A report complying with the requirements
13831383 of this article of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act is self-
13841384 authenticating.
13851385 B. Documentation from a testing laboratory of the
13861386 following information is sufficient to establish a reliable
13871387 chain of custody and allow the results of genetic testing to be
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14161416 admissible without testimony:
14171417 (1) the name and photograph of each individual
14181418 whose specimen has been taken;
14191419 (2) the name of the individual who collected
14201420 each specimen;
14211421 (3) the place and date each specimen was
14221422 collected;
14231423 (4) the name of the individual who received
14241424 each specimen in the testing laboratory;
14251425 (5) the date each specimen was received; and
14261426 (6) the accreditation of the testing facility
14271427 showing that it meets the requirements of Subsection A of
14281428 Section 40-11B-504 NMSA 1978."
14291429 SECTION 32. A new Section 40-11B-506 NMSA 1978 is enacted
14301430 to read:
14311431 "40-11B-506. [NEW MATERIAL ] GENETIC TESTING RESULTS--
14321432 CHALLENGE TO RESULTS.--
14331433 A. Subject to a challenge pursuant to Subsection B
14341434 of this section, an individual is identified pursuant to the
14351435 Revised Uniform Parentage Act as a genetic parent of a child if
14361436 genetic testing complies with this article of the Revised
14371437 Uniform Parentage Act and the results of the testing disclose:
14381438 (1) that the individual has at least a ninety-
14391439 nine percent probability of parentage, using a prior
14401440 probability of zero point five zero, as calculated by using the
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14691469 combined relationship index obtained in the testing; and
14701470 (2) a combined relationship index of at least
14711471 one hundred to one.
14721472 B. An individual identified pursuant to Subsection
14731473 A of this section as a genetic parent of the child may
14741474 challenge the genetic testing results only by other genetic
14751475 testing satisfying the requirements of this article of the
14761476 Revised Uniform Parentage Act that:
14771477 (1) excludes the individual as a genetic
14781478 parent of the child; or
14791479 (2) identifies another individual as a
14801480 possible genetic parent of the child other than:
14811481 (a) the woman who gave birth to the
14821482 child; or
14831483 (b) the individual identified pursuant
14841484 to Subsection A of this section.
14851485 C. Except as otherwise provided in Section
14861486 40-11B-511 NMSA 1978, if more than one individual other than
14871487 the woman who gave birth is identified by genetic testing as a
14881488 possible genetic parent of the child, the court shall order
14891489 each individual to submit to further genetic testing to
14901490 identify a genetic parent."
14911491 SECTION 33. A new Section 40-11B-507 NMSA 1978 is enacted
14921492 to read:
14931493 "40-11B-507. [NEW MATERIAL ] COST OF GENETIC TESTING.--
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15221522 A. Subject to assessment of fees pursuant to
15231523 Article 6 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act, payment of the
15241524 cost of initial genetic testing shall be made in advance:
15251525 (1) by a support-enforcement agency in a
15261526 proceeding in which the support-enforcement agency is providing
15271527 services;
15281528 (2) by the individual who made the request for
15291529 genetic testing;
15301530 (3) as agreed by the parties; or
15311531 (4) as ordered by the court.
15321532 B. If the cost of genetic testing is paid by a
15331533 support-enforcement agency, the agency may seek reimbursement
15341534 from the genetic parent whose parent-child relationship is
15351535 established."
15361536 SECTION 34. A new Section 40-11B-508 NMSA 1978 is enacted
15371537 to read:
15381538 "40-11B-508. [NEW MATERIAL ] ADDITIONAL GENETIC TESTING.--
15391539 The court or support-enforcement agency shall order additional
15401540 genetic testing on request of an individual who contests the
15411541 result of the initial testing pursuant to Section 40-11B-506
15421542 NMSA 1978. If initial genetic testing pursuant to that section
15431543 identified an individual as a genetic parent of the child, the
15441544 court or agency shall not order additional testing unless the
15451545 contesting individual pays for the testing in advance."
15461546 SECTION 35. A new Section 40-11B-509 NMSA 1978 is enacted
15471547 .229101.7
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15751575 to read:
15761576 "40-11B-509. [NEW MATERIAL ] GENETIC TESTING WHEN SPECIMEN
15771577 NOT AVAILABLE.--
15781578 A. Subject to Subsection B of this section, if a
15791579 genetic-testing specimen is not available from an alleged
15801580 genetic parent of a child, an individual seeking genetic
15811581 testing demonstrates good cause and the court finds that the
15821582 circumstances are just, the court may order any of the
15831583 following individuals to submit specimens for genetic testing:
15841584 (1) a parent of the alleged genetic parent;
15851585 (2) a sibling of the alleged genetic parent;
15861586 (3) another child of the alleged genetic
15871587 parent and the woman who gave birth to the other child; and
15881588 (4) another relative of the alleged genetic
15891589 parent necessary to complete genetic testing.
15901590 B. To issue an order pursuant to this section, the
15911591 court shall find that a need for genetic testing outweighs the
15921592 legitimate interests of the individual sought to be tested."
15931593 SECTION 36. A new Section 40-11B-510 NMSA 1978 is enacted
15941594 to read:
15951595 "40-11B-510. [NEW MATERIAL ] DECEASED INDIVIDUAL.--If an
15961596 individual seeking genetic testing demonstrates good cause, the
15971597 court may order genetic testing of a deceased individual."
15981598 SECTION 37. A new Section 40-11B-511 NMSA 1978 is enacted
15991599 to read:
16001600 .229101.7
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16281628 "40-11B-511. [NEW MATERIAL ] IDENTICAL SIBLINGS.--
16291629 A. If the court finds there is reason to believe
16301630 that an alleged genetic parent has an identical sibling and
16311631 evidence that the sibling may be a genetic parent of the child,
16321632 the court may order genetic testing of the sibling.
16331633 B. If more than one sibling is identified pursuant
16341634 to Section 40-11B-506 NMSA 1978 as a genetic parent of the
16351635 child, the court may rely on nongenetic evidence to adjudicate
16361636 which sibling is a genetic parent of the child."
16371637 SECTION 38. A new Section 40-11B-512 NMSA 1978 is enacted
16381638 to read:
16391639 "40-11B-512. [NEW MATERIAL ] CONFIDENTIALITY OF GENETIC
16401640 TESTING.--
16411641 A. A report of genetic testing for parentage may be
16421642 released only to the parties tested or their representatives,
16431643 the support-enforcement agency and the court.
16441644 B. An individual who intentionally releases an
16451645 identifiable specimen of another individual collected for
16461646 genetic testing pursuant to this article of the Revised Uniform
16471647 Parentage Act for a purpose not relevant to a proceeding
16481648 regarding parentage, without a court order or written
16491649 permission of the individual who furnished the specimen, is
16501650 guilty of a fourth degree felony and shall be sentenced
16511651 pursuant to Section 31-18-15 NMSA 1978."
16521652 ARTICLE 6
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16811681 PROCEEDING TO ADJUDICATE PARENTAGE
16821682 PART 1
16831683 NATURE OF PROCEEDING
16841684 SECTION 39. A new Section 40-11B-601 NMSA 1978 is enacted
16851685 to read:
16861686 "40-11B-601. [NEW MATERIAL ] PROCEEDING AUTHORIZED.--
16871687 A. A proceeding may be commenced to adjudicate the
16881688 parentage of a child. The proceeding is governed by the Rules
16891689 of Civil Procedure for the District Courts.
16901690 B. A proceeding to adjudicate the parentage of a
16911691 child born pursuant to a surrogacy agreement is governed by
16921692 Article 8 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act."
16931693 SECTION 40. A new Section 40-11B-602 NMSA 1978 is enacted
16941694 to read:
16951695 "40-11B-602. [NEW MATERIAL ] STANDING TO MAINTAIN
16961696 PROCEEDING.--Except as otherwise provided in Article 3 of the
16971697 Revised Uniform Parentage Act and Sections 40-11B-608 through
16981698 40-11B-611 NMSA 1978, a proceeding to adjudicate parentage may
16991699 be maintained by:
17001700 A. the child;
17011701 B. the woman who gave birth to the child, unless a
17021702 court has adjudicated that she is not a parent;
17031703 C. an individual who is a parent pursuant to the
17041704 Revised Uniform Parentage Act;
17051705 D. an individual whose parentage of the child is to
17061706 .229101.7
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17341734 be adjudicated;
17351735 E. the support-enforcement agency;
17361736 F. an adoption agency authorized by law of New
17371737 Mexico other than the Revised Uniform Parentage Act or licensed
17381738 child-placement agency; or
17391739 G. a representative authorized by law of New Mexico
17401740 other than the Revised Uniform Parentage Act to act for an
17411741 individual who otherwise would be entitled to maintain a
17421742 proceeding but is deceased, incapacitated or a minor."
17431743 SECTION 41. A new Section 40-11B-603 NMSA 1978 is enacted
17441744 to read:
17451745 "40-11B-603. [NEW MATERIAL ] NOTICE OF PROCEEDING.--
17461746 A. The petitioner shall give notice of a proceeding
17471747 to adjudicate parentage to the following individuals:
17481748 (1) the woman who gave birth to the child,
17491749 unless a court has adjudicated that she is not a parent;
17501750 (2) an individual who is a parent of the child
17511751 pursuant to the Revised Uniform Parentage Act;
17521752 (3) a presumed, acknowledged or adjudicated
17531753 parent of the child; and
17541754 (4) an individual whose parentage of the child
17551755 is to be adjudicated.
17561756 B. An individual entitled to notice pursuant to
17571757 Subsection A of this section has a right to intervene in the
17581758 proceeding.
17591759 .229101.7
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17871787 C. Lack of notice required by Subsection A of this
17881788 section does not render a judgment void. Lack of notice does
17891789 not preclude an individual entitled to notice pursuant to
17901790 Subsection A of this section from bringing a proceeding
17911791 pursuant to Subsection B of Section 40-11B-611 NMSA 1978."
17921792 SECTION 42. A new Section 40-11B-604 NMSA 1978 is enacted
17931793 to read:
17941794 "40-11B-604. [NEW MATERIAL ] PERSONAL JURISDICTION.--
17951795 A. The court may adjudicate an individual's
17961796 parentage of a child only if the court has personal
17971797 jurisdiction over the individual.
17981798 B. A court of this state with jurisdiction to
17991799 adjudicate parentage may exercise personal jurisdiction over a
18001800 nonresident individual, or the guardian or conservator of the
18011801 individual, if the conditions prescribed in Section 40-6A-201
18021802 NMSA 1978 are satisfied.
18031803 C. Lack of jurisdiction over one individual does
18041804 not preclude the court from making an adjudication of parentage
18051805 binding on another individual over whom the court has personal
18061806 jurisdiction."
18071807 SECTION 43. A new Section 40-11B-605 NMSA 1978 is enacted
18081808 to read:
18091809 "40-11B-605. [NEW MATERIAL ] VENUE.--Venue for a
18101810 proceeding to adjudicate parentage is in the county of New
18111811 Mexico in which:
18121812 .229101.7
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18401840 A. the child resides or is located;
18411841 B. if the child does not reside in New Mexico, the
18421842 respondent resides or is located; or
18431843 C. a proceeding has been commenced for
18441844 administration of the estate of an individual who is or may be
18451845 a parent pursuant to the Revised Uniform Parentage Act."
18461846 PART 2
18471847 SPECIAL RULES FOR PROCEEDING TO ADJUDICATE PARENTAGE
18481848 SECTION 44. A new Section 40-11B-606 NMSA 1978 is enacted
18491849 to read:
18501850 "40-11B-606. [NEW MATERIAL ] ADMISSIBILITY OF RESULTS OF
18511851 GENETIC TESTING.--
18521852 A. Except as otherwise provided in Subsection B of
18531853 Section 40-11B-502 NMSA 1978, the court shall admit a report of
18541854 genetic testing ordered by the court pursuant to Section
18551855 40-11B-503 NMSA 1978 as evidence of the truth of the facts
18561856 asserted in the report.
18571857 B. A party may object to the admission of a report
18581858 described in Subsection A of this section not later than
18591859 fourteen days after the party receives the report. The party
18601860 shall cite specific grounds for exclusion.
18611861 C. A party that objects to the results of genetic
18621862 testing may call a genetic-testing expert to testify in person
18631863 or by another method approved by the court. Unless the court
18641864 orders otherwise, the party offering the testimony bears the
18651865 .229101.7
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18931893 expense for the expert testifying.
18941894 D. Admissibility of a report of genetic testing is
18951895 not affected by whether the testing was performed:
18961896 (1) voluntarily or pursuant to an order of the
18971897 court or a support-enforcement agency; or
18981898 (2) before, on or after commencement of the
18991899 proceeding."
19001900 SECTION 45. A new Section 40-11B-607 NMSA 1978 is enacted
19011901 to read:
19021902 "40-11B-607. [NEW MATERIAL ] ADJUDICATING PARENTAGE OF
19031903 CHILD WITH ALLEGED GENETIC PARENT.--
19041904 A. A proceeding to determine whether an alleged
19051905 genetic parent who is not a presumed parent is a parent of a
19061906 child may be commenced:
19071907 (1) before the child becomes an adult; or
19081908 (2) after the child becomes an adult, but only
19091909 if the child initiates the proceeding.
19101910 B. Except as otherwise provided in Section
19111911 40-11B-614 NMSA 1978, this subsection applies in a proceeding
19121912 described in Subsection A of this section if the woman who gave
19131913 birth to the child is the only other individual with a claim to
19141914 parentage of the child. The court shall adjudicate an alleged
19151915 genetic parent to be a parent of the child if the alleged
19161916 genetic parent:
19171917 (1) is identified pursuant to Section
19181918 .229101.7
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19461946 40-11B-506 NMSA 1978 as a genetic parent of the child and the
19471947 identification is not successfully challenged pursuant to that
19481948 section;
19491949 (2) admits parentage in a pleading, when
19501950 making an appearance or during a hearing, the court accepts the
19511951 admission and the court determines the alleged genetic parent
19521952 to be a parent of the child;
19531953 (3) declines to submit to genetic testing
19541954 ordered by the court or a support-enforcement agency, in which
19551955 case the court may adjudicate the alleged genetic parent to be
19561956 a parent of the child even if the alleged genetic parent denies
19571957 a genetic relationship with the child;
19581958 (4) is in default after service of process and
19591959 the court determines the alleged genetic parent to be a parent
19601960 of the child; or
19611961 (5) is neither identified nor excluded as a
19621962 genetic parent by genetic testing and, based on other evidence,
19631963 the court determines the alleged genetic parent to be a parent
19641964 of the child.
19651965 C. Except as otherwise provided in Section
19661966 40-11B-614 NMSA 1978, and subject to other limitations in
19671967 Sections 40-11B-606 through 40-11B-614 NMSA 1978, if in a
19681968 proceeding involving an alleged genetic parent, at least one
19691969 other individual in addition to the woman who gave birth to the
19701970 child has a claim to parentage of the child, the court shall
19711971 .229101.7
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19991999 adjudicate parentage pursuant to Section 40-11B-613 NMSA 1978."
20002000 SECTION 46. A new Section 40-11B-608 NMSA 1978 is enacted
20012001 to read:
20022002 "40-11B-608. [NEW MATERIAL ] ADJUDICATING PARENTAGE OF
20032003 CHILD WITH PRESUMED PARENT.--
20042004 A. A proceeding to determine whether a presumed
20052005 parent is a parent of a child may be commenced:
20062006 (1) before the child becomes an adult; or
20072007 (2) after the child becomes an adult, but only
20082008 if the child initiates the proceeding.
20092009 B. A presumption of parentage pursuant to Section
20102010 40-11B-204 NMSA 1978 cannot be overcome after the child attains
20112011 two years of age unless the court determines:
20122012 (1) the presumed parent is not a genetic
20132013 parent, never resided with the child and never held out the
20142014 child as the presumed parent's child; or
20152015 (2) the child has more than one presumed
20162016 parent.
20172017 C. Except as otherwise provided in Section
20182018 40-11B-614 NMSA 1978, the following rules apply in a proceeding
20192019 to adjudicate a presumed parent's parentage of a child if the
20202020 woman who gave birth to the child is the only other individual
20212021 with a claim to parentage of the child:
20222022 (1) if no party to the proceeding challenges
20232023 the presumed parent's parentage of the child, the court shall
20242024 .229101.7
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20522052 adjudicate the presumed parent to be a parent of the child;
20532053 (2) if the presumed parent is identified
20542054 pursuant to Section 40-11B-506 NMSA 1978 as a genetic parent of
20552055 the child and that identification is not successfully
20562056 challenged that section, the court shall adjudicate the
20572057 presumed parent to be a parent of the child;
20582058 (3) if the presumed parent is not identified
20592059 pursuant to Section 40-11B-506 NMSA 1978 as a genetic parent of
20602060 the child and the presumed parent or the woman who gave birth
20612061 to the child challenges the presumed parent's parentage of the
20622062 child, the court shall adjudicate the parentage of the child in
20632063 the best interest of the child based on the factors set forth
20642064 in Subsections A and B of Section 40-11B-613 NMSA 1978; and
20652065 (4) except as otherwise provided in Section
20662066 40-11B-614 NMSA 1978, and subject to other limitations in
20672067 Sections 40-11B-606 through 40-11B-614 NMSA 1978, if in a
20682068 proceeding to adjudicate a presumed parent's parentage of a
20692069 child, another individual in addition to the woman who gave
20702070 birth to the child asserts a claim to parentage of the child,
20712071 the court shall adjudicate parentage pursuant to Section
20722072 40-11B-613 NMSA 1978."
20732073 SECTION 47. A new Section 40-11B-609 NMSA 1978 is enacted
20742074 to read:
20752075 "40-11B-609. [NEW MATERIAL ] ADJUDICATING CLAIM OF DE
20762076 FACTO PARENTAGE OF CHILD.--
20772077 .229101.7
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21052105 A. A proceeding to establish parentage of a child
21062106 pursuant to this section may be commenced only by an individual
21072107 who:
21082108 (1) is alive when the proceeding is commenced;
21092109 and
21102110 (2) claims to be a de facto parent of the
21112111 child.
21122112 B. An individual who claims to be a de facto parent
21132113 of a child shall commence a proceeding to establish parentage
21142114 of a child pursuant to this section:
21152115 (1) before the child attains eighteen years of
21162116 age; and
21172117 (2) while the child is alive.
21182118 C. The following rules govern standing of an
21192119 individual who claims to be a de facto parent of a child to
21202120 maintain a proceeding pursuant to this section:
21212121 (1) the individual shall file an initial
21222122 verified pleading alleging specific facts that support the
21232123 claim to parentage of the child asserted pursuant to this
21242124 section; the verified pleading shall be served on all parents
21252125 and legal guardians of the child and any other party to the
21262126 proceeding;
21272127 (2) an adverse party, parent or legal guardian
21282128 may file a pleading in response to the pleading filed pursuant
21292129 to Paragraph (1) of this subsection; a responsive pleading
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21582158 shall be verified and shall be served on parties to the
21592159 proceeding; and
21602160 (3) unless the court finds a hearing is
21612161 necessary to determine disputed facts material to the issue of
21622162 standing, the court shall determine, based on the pleadings
21632163 pursuant to Paragraphs (1) and (2) of this subsection, whether
21642164 the individual has alleged facts sufficient to satisfy by a
21652165 preponderance of the evidence the requirements of Paragraphs
21662166 (1) through (7) of Subsection D of this section; if the court
21672167 holds a hearing pursuant to this subsection, the hearing shall
21682168 be held on an expedited basis.
21692169 D. In a proceeding to adjudicate parentage of an
21702170 individual who claims to be a de facto parent of the child, if
21712171 there is only one other individual who is a parent or has a
21722172 claim to parentage of the child, the court shall adjudicate the
21732173 individual who claims to be a de facto parent to be a parent of
21742174 the child if the individual demonstrates by clear and
21752175 convincing evidence that:
21762176 (1) the individual resided with the child as a
21772177 regular member of the child's household for a significant
21782178 period;
21792179 (2) the individual engaged in consistent
21802180 caretaking of the child;
21812181 (3) the individual undertook full and
21822182 permanent responsibilities of a parent of the child without
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22112211 expectation of financial compensation;
22122212 (4) the individual held out the child as the
22132213 individual's child;
22142214 (5) the individual established a bonded and
22152215 dependent relationship with the child that is parental in
22162216 nature;
22172217 (6) another parent of the child fostered or
22182218 supported the bonded and dependent relationship required
22192219 pursuant to Paragraph (5) of this subsection; and
22202220 (7) continuing the relationship between the
22212221 individual and the child is in the best interest of the child.
22222222 E. Subject to other limitations in Sections
22232223 40-11B-606 through 40-11B-614 NMSA 1978, if, in a proceeding to
22242224 adjudicate parentage of an individual who claims to be a de
22252225 facto parent of the child, there is more than one other
22262226 individual who is a parent or has a claim to parentage of the
22272227 child and the court determines that the requirements of
22282228 Subsection D of this section are satisfied, the court shall
22292229 adjudicate parentage pursuant to Section 40-11B-613 NMSA 1978."
22302230 SECTION 48. A new Section 40-11B-610 NMSA 1978 is enacted
22312231 to read:
22322232 "40-11B-610. [NEW MATERIAL ] ADJUDICATING PARENTAGE OF
22332233 CHILD WITH ACKNOWLEDGED PARENT.--
22342234 A. If a child has an acknowledged parent, a
22352235 proceeding to challenge the acknowledgment of parentage or a
22362236 .229101.7
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22642264 denial of parentage, brought by a signatory to the
22652265 acknowledgment or denial, is governed by Sections 40-11B-309
22662266 and 40-11B-310 NMSA 1978.
22672267 B. If a child has an acknowledged parent, the
22682268 following rules apply in a proceeding to challenge the
22692269 acknowledgment of parentage or a denial of parentage brought by
22702270 an individual, other than the child, who has standing pursuant
22712271 to Section 40-11B-602 NMSA 1978 and was not a signatory to the
22722272 acknowledgment or denial:
22732273 (1) the individual shall commence the
22742274 proceeding not later than two years after the effective date of
22752275 the acknowledgment;
22762276 (2) the court may permit the proceeding only
22772277 if the court finds that permitting the proceeding is in the
22782278 best interest of the child; and
22792279 (3) if the court permits the proceeding, the
22802280 court shall adjudicate parentage pursuant to Section 40-11B-613
22812281 NMSA 1978."
22822282 SECTION 49. A new Section 40-11B-611 NMSA 1978 is enacted
22832283 to read:
22842284 "40-11B-611. [NEW MATERIAL ] ADJUDICATING PARENTAGE OF
22852285 CHILD WITH ADJUDICATED PARENT.--
22862286 A. If a child has an adjudicated parent, a
22872287 proceeding to challenge the adjudication, brought by an
22882288 individual who was a party to the adjudication or received
22892289 .229101.7
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23172317 notice pursuant to Section 40-11B-603 NMSA 1978, is governed by
23182318 the rules governing a collateral attack on a judgment.
23192319 B. If a child has an adjudicated parent, the
23202320 following rules apply to a proceeding to challenge the
23212321 adjudication of parentage brought by an individual, other than
23222322 the child, who has standing pursuant to Section 40-11B-602 NMSA
23232323 1978 and was not a party to the adjudication and did not
23242324 receive notice pursuant to Section 40-11B-603 NMSA 1978:
23252325 (1) the individual shall commence the
23262326 proceeding not later than two years after the effective date of
23272327 the adjudication;
23282328 (2) the court may permit the proceeding only
23292329 if the court finds that permitting the proceeding is in the
23302330 best interest of the child; and
23312331 (3) if the court permits the proceeding, the
23322332 court shall adjudicate parentage pursuant to Section 40-11B-613
23332333 NMSA 1978."
23342334 SECTION 50. A new Section 40-11B-612 NMSA 1978 is enacted
23352335 to read:
23362336 "40-11B-612. [NEW MATERIAL ] ADJUDICATING PARENTAGE OF
23372337 CHILD OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION.--
23382338 A. An individual who is a parent pursuant to
23392339 Article 7 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act or the woman who
23402340 gave birth to the child may bring a proceeding to adjudicate
23412341 parentage. If the court determines the individual is a parent
23422342 .229101.7
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23702370 pursuant to Article 7, the court shall adjudicate the
23712371 individual to be a parent of the child.
23722372 B. In a proceeding to adjudicate an individual's
23732373 parentage of a child, if another individual other than the
23742374 woman who gave birth to the child is a parent pursuant to
23752375 Article 7 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act, the court shall
23762376 adjudicate the individual's parentage of the child pursuant to
23772377 Section 40-11B-613 NMSA 1978."
23782378 SECTION 51. A new Section 40-11B-613 NMSA 1978 is enacted
23792379 to read:
23802380 "40-11B-613. [NEW MATERIAL ] ADJUDICATING COMPETING CLAIMS
23812381 OF PARENTAGE.--
23822382 A. Except as otherwise provided in Section
23832383 40-11B-614 NMSA 1978, in a proceeding to adjudicate competing
23842384 claims of, or challenges pursuant to Subsection C of Section
23852385 40-11B-608, Section 40-11B-610 or Section 40-11B-611 NMSA 1978
23862386 to parentage of a child by two or more individuals, the court
23872387 shall adjudicate parentage in the best interest of the child,
23882388 based on:
23892389 (1) the age of the child;
23902390 (2) the length of time during which each
23912391 individual assumed the role of parent of the child;
23922392 (3) the nature of the relationship between the
23932393 child and each individual;
23942394 (4) the harm to the child if the relationship
23952395 .229101.7
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24232423 between the child and each individual is not recognized;
24242424 (5) the basis for each individual's claim to
24252425 parentage of the child; and
24262426 (6) other equitable factors arising from the
24272427 disruption of the relationship between the child and each
24282428 individual or the likelihood of other harm to the child.
24292429 B. If an individual challenges parentage based on
24302430 the results of genetic testing, in addition to the factors
24312431 listed in Subsection A of this section, the court shall
24322432 consider:
24332433 (1) the facts surrounding the discovery that
24342434 the individual might not be a genetic parent of the child; and
24352435 (2) the length of time between the time that
24362436 the individual was placed on notice that the individual might
24372437 not be a genetic parent and the commencement of the proceeding.
24382438 C. The court may adjudicate a child to have more
24392439 than two parents pursuant to the Revised Uniform Parentage Act
24402440 if the court finds that failure to recognize more than two
24412441 parents would be detrimental to the child. A finding of
24422442 detriment to the child does not require a finding of unfitness
24432443 of any parent or individual seeking an adjudication of
24442444 parentage. In determining detriment to the child, the court
24452445 shall consider all relevant factors, including the harm if the
24462446 child is removed from a stable placement with an individual who
24472447 has fulfilled the child's physical needs and psychological
24482448 .229101.7
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24762476 needs for care and affection and has assumed the role for a
24772477 substantial period."
24782478 SECTION 52. A new Section 40-11B-614 NMSA 1978 is enacted
24792479 to read:
24802480 "40-11B-614. [NEW MATERIAL ] PRECLUDING ESTABLISHMENT OF
24812481 PARENTAGE BY PERPETRATOR OF SEXUAL ASSAULT.--
24822482 A. As used in this section, "criminal sexual
24832483 penetration" has the same meaning as set forth in Subsection A
24842484 of Section 30-9-11 NMSA 1978.
24852485 B. In a proceeding in which a woman alleges that a
24862486 man committed criminal sexual penetration that resulted in the
24872487 woman giving birth to a child, the woman may seek to preclude
24882488 the man from establishing that he is a parent of the child.
24892489 C. This section does not apply if:
24902490 (1) the man described in Subsection B of this
24912491 section has previously been adjudicated to be a parent of the
24922492 child; or
24932493 (2) after the birth of the child, the man
24942494 established a bonded and dependent relationship with the child
24952495 that is parental in nature.
24962496 D. Unless Section 40-11B-309 or Section 40-11B-607
24972497 NMSA 1978 applies, a woman shall file a pleading making an
24982498 allegation pursuant to Subsection B of this section not later
24992499 than two years after the birth of the child. The woman shall
25002500 file the pleading in a proceeding to establish parentage
25012501 .229101.7
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25292529 pursuant to the Revised Uniform Parentage Act.
25302530 E. An allegation pursuant to Subsection B of this
25312531 section may be proved by:
25322532 (1) evidence that the man was convicted of
25332533 criminal sexual penetration, or a comparable crime in another
25342534 jurisdiction, against the woman and the child was born not
25352535 later than three hundred days after the criminal sexual
25362536 penetration; or
25372537 (2) clear and convincing evidence that the man
25382538 committed criminal sexual penetration against the woman and the
25392539 child was born not later than three hundred days after the
25402540 criminal sexual penetration.
25412541 F. Subject to Subsections A through D of this
25422542 section, if the court determines that an allegation has been
25432543 proved pursuant to Subsection E of this section, the court
25442544 shall:
25452545 (1) adjudicate that the man described in
25462546 Subsection B of this section is not a parent of the child;
25472547 (2) require the bureau to amend the birth
25482548 certificate if requested by the woman and the court determines
25492549 that the amendment is in the best interest of the child; and
25502550 (3) require the man to pay child support,
25512551 birth-related costs, or both, unless the woman requests
25522552 otherwise and the court determines that granting the request is
25532553 in the best interest of the child."
25542554 .229101.7
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25822582 PART 3
25832583 HEARING AND ADJUDICATION
25842584 SECTION 53. A new Section 40-11B-615 NMSA 1978 is enacted
25852585 to read:
25862586 "40-11B-615. [NEW MATERIAL ] TEMPORARY ORDER.--
25872587 A. In a proceeding pursuant to this article of the
25882588 Revised Uniform Parentage Act, the court may issue a temporary
25892589 order for child support if the order is consistent with law of
25902590 New Mexico other than the Revised Uniform Parentage Act and the
25912591 individual ordered to pay support is:
25922592 (1) a presumed parent of the child;
25932593 (2) petitioning to be adjudicated a parent;
25942594 (3) identified as a genetic parent through
25952595 genetic testing pursuant to Section 40-11B-506 NMSA 1978;
25962596 (4) an alleged genetic parent who has declined
25972597 to submit to genetic testing;
25982598 (5) shown by clear and convincing evidence to
25992599 be a parent of the child; or
26002600 (6) a parent pursuant to the Revised Uniform
26012601 Parentage Act.
26022602 B. A temporary order may include provisions for
26032603 custody and visitation pursuant to law of New Mexico other than
26042604 the Revised Uniform Parentage Act."
26052605 SECTION 54. A new Section 40-11B-616 NMSA 1978 is enacted
26062606 to read:
26072607 .229101.7
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26352635 "40-11B-616. [NEW MATERIAL ] COMBINING PROCEEDINGS.--
26362636 A. Except as otherwise provided in Subsection B of
26372637 this section, the court may combine a proceeding to adjudicate
26382638 parentage pursuant to the Revised Uniform Parentage Act with a
26392639 proceeding for adoption, termination of parental rights, child
26402640 custody or visitation, child support, dissolution of marriage,
26412641 separation, probate, administration of an estate or other
26422642 appropriate proceeding.
26432643 B. A respondent shall not combine a proceeding
26442644 described in Subsection A of this section with a proceeding to
26452645 adjudicate parentage brought pursuant to the Uniform Interstate
26462646 Family Support Act."
26472647 SECTION 55. A new Section 40-11B-617 NMSA 1978 is enacted
26482648 to read:
26492649 "40-11B-617. [NEW MATERIAL ] PROCEEDING BEFORE BIRTH.--
26502650 Except as otherwise provided in Article 8 of the Revised
26512651 Uniform Parentage Act, a proceeding to adjudicate parentage may
26522652 be commenced before the birth of the child and an order or
26532653 judgment may be entered before birth, but enforcement of the
26542654 order or judgment shall be stayed until the birth of the
26552655 child."
26562656 SECTION 56. A new Section 40-11B-618 NMSA 1978 is enacted
26572657 to read:
26582658 "40-11B-618. [NEW MATERIAL ] CHILD AS PARTY--
26592659 REPRESENTATION.--
26602660 .229101.7
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26882688 A. A minor child is a permissive party but not a
26892689 necessary party to a proceeding pursuant to this article of the
26902690 Revised Uniform Parentage Act.
26912691 B. The court shall appoint a guardian ad litem to
26922692 represent a child in a proceeding pursuant to this article of
26932693 the Revised Uniform Parentage Act if the court finds that the
26942694 interests of the child are not adequately represented."
26952695 SECTION 57. A new Section 40-11B-619 NMSA 1978 is enacted
26962696 to read:
26972697 "40-11B-619. [NEW MATERIAL ] COURT TO ADJUDICATE
26982698 PARENTAGE.--The court without a jury shall adjudicate parentage
26992699 of a child."
27002700 SECTION 58. A new Section 40-11B-620 NMSA 1978 is enacted
27012701 to read:
27022702 "40-11B-620. [NEW MATERIAL ] HEARING--INSPECTION OF
27032703 RECORDS.--
27042704 A. On request of a party and for good cause, the
27052705 court may close a proceeding pursuant to this article of the
27062706 Revised Uniform Parentage Act to the public.
27072707 B. A final order in a proceeding pursuant to this
27082708 article of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act is available for
27092709 public inspection. Other papers and records are available for
27102710 public inspection only with the consent of the parties or by
27112711 court order for good cause."
27122712 SECTION 59. A new Section 40-11B-621 NMSA 1978 is enacted
27132713 .229101.7
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27412741 to read:
27422742 "40-11B-621. [NEW MATERIAL ] DISMISSAL FOR WANT OF
27432743 PROSECUTION.--The court may dismiss a proceeding pursuant to
27442744 the Revised Uniform Parentage Act for want of prosecution only
27452745 without prejudice. An order of dismissal for want of
27462746 prosecution purportedly with prejudice is void and has only the
27472747 effect of a dismissal without prejudice."
27482748 SECTION 60. A new Section 40-11B-622 NMSA 1978 is enacted
27492749 to read:
27502750 "40-11B-622. [NEW MATERIAL ] ORDER ADJUDICATING
27512751 PARENTAGE.--
27522752 A. An order adjudicating parentage shall identify
27532753 the child by name and date of birth.
27542754 B. Except as otherwise provided in Subsection C of
27552755 this section, the court may assess filing fees, reasonable
27562756 attorney fees, fees for genetic testing, other costs and
27572757 necessary travel and other reasonable expenses incurred in a
27582758 proceeding pursuant to this article of the Revised Uniform
27592759 Parentage Act. Attorney fees, costs and expenses awarded
27602760 pursuant to this subsection may be paid directly to the
27612761 attorney, and the attorney may enforce the order in the
27622762 attorney's own name. The court may order these fees, costs and
27632763 expenses to be paid by any party in proportions and at times as
27642764 determined by the court, but not exceeding three years from the
27652765 date of the filing of the action unless there is a substantial
27662766 .229101.7
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27942794 showing that parentage could not have been established and an
27952795 action for child support could not have been brought within
27962796 three years of the child's birth. The court may order the
27972797 proportion of any indigent party to be paid from court funds.
27982798 C. The court shall not assess fees, costs or
27992799 expenses in a proceeding pursuant to this article of the
28002800 Revised Uniform Parentage Act against a support-enforcement
28012801 agency of New Mexico or another state, except as otherwise
28022802 provided by law of New Mexico other than the Revised Uniform
28032803 Parentage Act.
28042804 D. In a proceeding pursuant to this article of the
28052805 Revised Uniform Parentage Act, a copy of a bill for genetic
28062806 testing or prenatal or postnatal health care for the woman who
28072807 gave birth to the child and the child, provided to the adverse
28082808 party not later than ten days before a hearing, is admissible
28092809 to establish:
28102810 (1) the amount of the charge billed; and
28112811 (2) that the charge is reasonable and
28122812 necessary.
28132813 E. On request of a party and for good cause, the
28142814 court in a proceeding pursuant to this article of the Revised
28152815 Uniform Parentage Act may order the name of the child changed.
28162816 If the court order changing the name varies from the name on
28172817 the birth certificate of the child, the court shall order the
28182818 bureau to issue an amended birth certificate.
28192819 .229101.7
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28472847 F. The judgment or order may contain any other
28482848 provision directed against or on behalf of the appropriate
28492849 party to the proceeding concerning the duty of past and future
28502850 support, the custody and guardianship of the child, visitation
28512851 with the child, the furnishing of bond or other security for
28522852 the payment of the judgment or any other matter within the
28532853 jurisdiction of the court. The judgment or order may direct
28542854 the appropriate party to pay the reasonable expenses of the
28552855 mother's pregnancy, birth and confinement. The court shall
28562856 order child support retroactive to the date of the child's
28572857 birth, but not to exceed three years unless there is a
28582858 substantial showing that parentage could not have been
28592859 established and an action for child support could not have been
28602860 brought within three years of the child's birth pursuant to the
28612861 provisions of Sections 40-4-11 through 40-4-11.3 NMSA 1978;
28622862 provided that, in deciding whether or how long to order
28632863 retroactive support, the court shall consider:
28642864 (1) whether the alleged or presumed parent has
28652865 absconded or could not be located; and
28662866 (2) whether equitable defenses are applicable.
28672867 G. Support judgments or orders ordinarily shall be
28682868 for periodic payments that may vary in amount. In the best
28692869 interest of the child, a lump-sum payment or the purchase of an
28702870 annuity may be ordered in lieu of periodic payments of support;
28712871 provided, however, that nothing in this section shall deprive a
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29002900 state agency of its right to reimbursement from an appropriate
29012901 party should the child be a past or future recipient of public
29022902 assistance.
29032903 H. In determining the amount to be paid by a parent
29042904 for support of the child, a court, child support hearing
29052905 officer or master shall make such determination in accordance
29062906 with the provisions of the child support guidelines pursuant to
29072907 Section 40-4-11.1 NMSA 1978."
29082908 SECTION 61. A new Section 40-11B-623 NMSA 1978 is enacted
29092909 to read:
29102910 "40-11B-623. [NEW MATERIAL ] BINDING EFFECT OF
29112911 DETERMINATION OF PARENTAGE.--
29122912 A. Except as otherwise provided in Subsection B of
29132913 this section:
29142914 (1) a signatory to an acknowledgment of
29152915 parentage or denial of parentage is bound by the acknowledgment
29162916 or denial as provided in Article 3 of the Revised Uniform
29172917 Parentage Act; and
29182918 (2) a party to an adjudication of parentage by
29192919 a court acting under circumstances that satisfy the
29202920 jurisdiction requirements of Section 40-6A-201 NMSA 1978 and
29212921 any individual who received notice of the proceeding are bound
29222922 by the adjudication.
29232923 B. A child is not bound by a determination of
29242924 parentage pursuant to the Revised Uniform Parentage Act unless:
29252925 .229101.7
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29532953 (1) the determination was based on an
29542954 unrescinded acknowledgment of parentage and the acknowledgment
29552955 is consistent with the results of genetic testing;
29562956 (2) the determination was based on a finding
29572957 consistent with the results of genetic testing, and the
29582958 consistency is declared in the determination or otherwise
29592959 shown;
29602960 (3) the determination of parentage was made
29612961 pursuant to Article 7 or 8 of the Revised Uniform Parentage
29622962 Act; or
29632963 (4) the child was a party or was represented
29642964 by a guardian ad litem in the proceeding.
29652965 C. In a proceeding for dissolution of marriage or
29662966 separation, the court is deemed to have made an adjudication of
29672967 parentage of a child if the court acts under circumstances that
29682968 satisfy the jurisdiction requirements of Section 40-6A-201 NMSA
29692969 1978 and the final order:
29702970 (1) expressly identifies the child as a "child
29712971 of the marriage" or "issue of the marriage" or includes similar
29722972 words indicating that both spouses are parents of the child; or
29732973 (2) provides for support of the child by a
29742974 spouse unless that spouse's parentage is disclaimed
29752975 specifically in the order.
29762976 D. Except as otherwise provided in Subsection B of
29772977 this section or Section 40-11B-611 NMSA 1978, a determination
29782978 .229101.7
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30063006 of parentage may be asserted as a defense in a subsequent
30073007 proceeding seeking to adjudicate parentage of an individual who
30083008 was not a party to the earlier proceeding.
30093009 E. A party to an adjudication of parentage may
30103010 challenge the adjudication only pursuant to law of New Mexico
30113011 other than the Revised Uniform Parentage Act relating to
30123012 appeal, vacation of judgment or other judicial review."
30133013 ARTICLE 7
30143014 ASSISTED REPRODUCTION
30153015 SECTION 62. A new Section 40-11B-701 NMSA 1978 is enacted
30163016 to read:
30173017 "40-11B-701. [NEW MATERIAL ] SCOPE OF ARTICLE.--This
30183018 article of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act does not apply to
30193019 the birth of a child conceived by sexual intercourse or
30203020 assisted reproduction pursuant to a surrogacy agreement
30213021 pursuant to Article 8 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act."
30223022 SECTION 63. A new Section 40-11B-702 NMSA 1978 is enacted
30233023 to read:
30243024 "40-11B-702. [NEW MATERIAL ] PARENTAL STATUS OF DONOR.--A
30253025 donor is not a parent of a child conceived by assisted
30263026 reproduction."
30273027 SECTION 64. A new Section 40-11B-703 NMSA 1978 is enacted
30283028 to read:
30293029 "40-11B-703. [NEW MATERIAL ] PARENTAGE OF CHILD OF
30303030 ASSISTED REPRODUCTION.--An individual who consents pursuant to
30313031 .229101.7
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30593059 Section 40-11B-704 NMSA 1978 to assisted reproduction by a
30603060 woman with the intent to be a parent of a child conceived by
30613061 the assisted reproduction is a parent of the child."
30623062 SECTION 65. A new Section 40-11B-704 NMSA 1978 is enacted
30633063 to read:
30643064 "40-11B-704. [NEW MATERIAL ] CONSENT TO ASSISTED
30653065 REPRODUCTION.--
30663066 A. Except as otherwise provided in Subsection B of
30673067 this section, the consent described in Section 40-11B-703 NMSA
30683068 1978 shall be in a record signed by a woman giving birth to a
30693069 child conceived by assisted reproduction and an individual who
30703070 intends to be a parent of the child.
30713071 B. Failure to consent in a record as required by
30723072 Subsection A of this section, before, on or after birth of the
30733073 child, does not preclude the court from finding consent to
30743074 parentage if:
30753075 (1) the woman or the individual proves by
30763076 clear and convincing evidence the existence of an express
30773077 agreement entered into before conception that the individual
30783078 and the woman intended that they both would be parents of the
30793079 child; or
30803080 (2) the woman and the individual for the first
30813081 two years of the child's life, including any period of
30823082 temporary absence, resided together in the same household with
30833083 the child and both openly held out the child as the
30843084 .229101.7
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31123112 individual's child, unless the individual dies or becomes
31133113 incapacitated before the child attains two years of age or the
31143114 child dies before the child attains two years of age, in that
31153115 case the court may find consent pursuant to this subsection to
31163116 parentage if a party proves by clear and convincing evidence
31173117 that the woman and the individual intended to reside together
31183118 in the same household with the child and both intended that the
31193119 individual would openly hold out the child as the individual's
31203120 child, but the individual was prevented from carrying out that
31213121 intent by death or incapacity."
31223122 SECTION 66. A new Section 40-11B-705 NMSA 1978 is enacted
31233123 to read:
31243124 "40-11B-705. [NEW MATERIAL ] LIMITATION ON SPOUSE'S
31253125 DISPUTE OF PARENTAGE.--
31263126 A. Except as otherwise provided in Subsection B of
31273127 this section, an individual who, at the time of a child's
31283128 birth, is the spouse of the woman who gave birth to the child
31293129 by assisted reproduction may not challenge the individual's
31303130 parentage of the child unless:
31313131 (1) not later than two years after the birth
31323132 of the child, the individual commences a proceeding to
31333133 adjudicate the individual's parentage of the child; and
31343134 (2) the court finds that the individual did
31353135 not consent to the assisted reproduction, before, on or after
31363136 birth of the child, or withdrew consent pursuant to Section
31373137 .229101.7
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31653165 40-11B-707 NMSA 1978.
31663166 B. A proceeding to adjudicate a spouse's parentage
31673167 of a child born by assisted reproduction may be commenced at
31683168 any time if the court determines that:
31693169 (1) the spouse neither provided a gamete for,
31703170 nor consented to, the assisted reproduction;
31713171 (2) the spouse and the woman who gave birth to
31723172 the child have not cohabited since the probable time of
31733173 assisted reproduction; and
31743174 (3) the spouse never openly held out the child
31753175 as the spouse's child.
31763176 C. This section applies to a spouse's dispute of
31773177 parentage even if the spouse's marriage is declared invalid
31783178 after assisted reproduction occurs."
31793179 SECTION 67. A new Section 40-11B-706 NMSA 1978 is enacted
31803180 to read:
31813181 "40-11B-706. [NEW MATERIAL ] EFFECT OF CERTAIN LEGAL
31823182 PROCEEDINGS REGARDING MARRIAGE.--If a marriage of a woman who
31833183 gives birth to a child conceived by assisted reproduction is
31843184 terminated through dissolution of marriage or is subject to
31853185 separation before transfer of gametes or embryos to the woman,
31863186 a former spouse of the woman is not a parent of the child
31873187 unless the former spouse consented in a record that the former
31883188 spouse would be a parent of the child if assisted reproduction
31893189 were to occur after a dissolution of marriage or after
31903190 .229101.7
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32183218 separation and the former spouse did not withdraw consent
32193219 pursuant to Section 40-11B-707 NMSA 1978."
32203220 SECTION 68. A new Section 40-11B-707 NMSA 1978 is enacted
32213221 to read:
32223222 "40-11B-707. [NEW MATERIAL ] WITHDRAWAL OF CONSENT.--
32233223 A. An individual who consents, pursuant to Section
32243224 40-11B-704 NMSA 1978, to assisted reproduction may withdraw
32253225 consent any time before a transfer that results in a pregnancy
32263226 by giving notice in a record of the withdrawal of consent to
32273227 the woman who agreed to give birth to a child conceived by
32283228 assisted reproduction and to any clinic or health care provider
32293229 facilitating the assisted reproduction. Failure to give notice
32303230 to the clinic or health care provider does not affect a
32313231 determination of parentage pursuant to the Revised Uniform
32323232 Parentage Act.
32333233 B. An individual who withdraws consent pursuant to
32343234 Subsection A of this section is not a parent of the child
32353235 pursuant to this article of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act."
32363236 SECTION 69. A new Section 40-11B-708 NMSA 1978 is enacted
32373237 to read:
32383238 "40-11B-708. [NEW MATERIAL ] PARENTAL STATUS OF DECEASED
32393239 INDIVIDUAL.--
32403240 A. If an individual who intends to be a parent of a
32413241 child conceived by assisted reproduction dies during the period
32423242 between the transfer of gametes or embryos and the birth of the
32433243 .229101.7
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32713271 child, the individual's death does not preclude the
32723272 establishment of the individual's parentage of the child if the
32733273 individual otherwise would be a parent of the child pursuant to
32743274 the Revised Uniform Parentage Act.
32753275 B. If an individual who consented in a record to
32763276 assisted reproduction by a woman who agreed to give birth to a
32773277 child dies before a transfer of gametes or embryos, the
32783278 deceased individual is a parent of a child conceived by the
32793279 assisted reproduction only if:
32803280 (1) either:
32813281 (a) the individual consented in a record
32823282 that if assisted reproduction were to occur after the death of
32833283 the individual, the individual would be a parent of the child;
32843284 or
32853285 (b) the individual's intent to be a
32863286 parent of a child conceived by assisted reproduction after the
32873287 individual's death is established by clear and convincing
32883288 evidence; and
32893289 (2) either:
32903290 (a) the embryo is in utero not later
32913291 than thirty-six months after the individual's death; or
32923292 (b) the child is born not later than
32933293 forty-five months after the individual's death."
32943294 ARTICLE 8
32953295 SURROGACY AGREEMENTS
32963296 .229101.7
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33243324 PART 1
33253325 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
33263326 SECTION 70. A new Section 40-11B-801 NMSA 1978 is enacted
33273327 to read:
33283328 "40-11B-801. [NEW MATERIAL ] DEFINITIONS.--As used in this
33293329 article of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act:
33303330 A. "genetic surrogate" means a woman who is not an
33313331 intended parent and who agrees to become pregnant through
33323332 assisted reproduction using her own gamete, pursuant to a
33333333 genetic surrogacy agreement;
33343334 B. "gestational surrogate" means a woman who is not
33353335 an intended parent and who agrees to become pregnant through
33363336 assisted reproduction using gametes that are not her own,
33373337 pursuant to a gestational surrogacy agreement; and
33383338 C. "surrogacy agreement" means an agreement between
33393339 one or more intended parents and a woman who is not an intended
33403340 parent in which the woman agrees to become pregnant through
33413341 assisted reproduction and that provides that each intended
33423342 parent is a parent of a child conceived pursuant to the
33433343 agreement. Unless otherwise specified, "surrogacy agreement"
33443344 refers to both a gestational surrogacy agreement and a genetic
33453345 surrogacy agreement."
33463346 SECTION 71. A new Section 40-11B-802 NMSA 1978 is enacted
33473347 to read:
33483348 "40-11B-802. [NEW MATERIAL ] ELIGIBILITY TO ENTER
33493349 .229101.7
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33773377 GESTATIONAL OR GENETIC SURROGACY AGREEMENT.--
33783378 A. To execute an agreement to act as a gestational
33793379 or genetic surrogate, a woman shall:
33803380 (1) have attained twenty-one years of age;
33813381 (2) have previously given birth to at least
33823382 one child;
33833383 (3) complete a medical evaluation related to
33843384 the surrogacy agreement by a licensed medical doctor;
33853385 (4) complete a mental health consultation by a
33863386 licensed mental health professional; and
33873387 (5) have independent legal representation of
33883388 the woman's choice throughout the surrogacy arrangement
33893389 regarding the terms of the surrogacy agreement and the
33903390 potential legal consequences of the agreement.
33913391 B. To execute a gestational or genetic surrogacy
33923392 agreement, each intended parent, whether or not genetically
33933393 related to the child, shall:
33943394 (1) have attained twenty-one years of age;
33953395 (2) complete a medical evaluation related to
33963396 the surrogacy agreement by a licensed medical doctor;
33973397 (3) complete a mental health consultation by a
33983398 licensed mental health professional; and
33993399 (4) have independent legal representation of
34003400 the intended parent's choice throughout the surrogacy
34013401 arrangement regarding the terms of the surrogacy agreement and
34023402 .229101.7
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34303430 the potential legal consequences of the agreement."
34313431 SECTION 72. A new Section 40-11B-803 NMSA 1978 is enacted
34323432 to read:
34333433 "40-11B-803. [NEW MATERIAL ] REQUIREMENTS OF GESTATIONAL
34343434 OR GENETIC SURROGACY AGREEMENT--PROCESS.--A gestational or
34353435 genetic surrogacy agreement shall be executed in compliance
34363436 with the following rules:
34373437 A. at least one party shall be a resident of this
34383438 state or, if no party is a resident of this state, at least one
34393439 medical evaluation or procedure or mental health consultation
34403440 pursuant to the agreement shall occur in this state;
34413441 B. a surrogate and each intended parent shall meet
34423442 the requirements of Section 40-11B-802 NMSA 1978;
34433443 C. each intended parent, the surrogate and the
34443444 surrogate's spouse, if any, shall be parties to the agreement;
34453445 D. the agreement shall be in a record signed by
34463446 each party listed in Subsection C of this section;
34473447 E. the surrogate and each intended parent shall
34483448 acknowledge in a record receipt of a copy of the agreement;
34493449 F. the signature of each party to the agreement
34503450 shall be attested by a notarial officer or witnessed;
34513451 G. the surrogate and the intended parent or parents
34523452 shall have independent legal representation throughout the
34533453 surrogacy arrangement regarding the terms of the surrogacy
34543454 agreement and the potential legal consequences of the
34553455 .229101.7
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34833483 agreement, and each counsel shall be identified in the
34843484 surrogacy agreement;
34853485 H. the intended parent or parents shall pay for
34863486 independent legal representation for the surrogate; and
34873487 I. the agreement shall be executed before a medical
34883488 procedure occurs related to the surrogacy agreement, other than
34893489 the medical evaluation and mental health consultation required
34903490 by Section 40-11B-802 NMSA 1978."
34913491 SECTION 73. A new Section 40-11B-804 NMSA 1978 is enacted
34923492 to read:
34933493 "40-11B-804. [NEW MATERIAL ] REQUIREMENTS OF GESTATIONAL
34943494 OR GENETIC SURROGACY AGREEMENT--CONTENT.--
34953495 A. A gestational or genetic surrogacy agreement
34963496 shall comply with the following requirements:
34973497 (1) a surrogate agrees to attempt to become
34983498 pregnant by means of assisted reproduction;
34993499 (2) except as otherwise provided in Sections
35003500 40-11B-811, 40-11B-814 and 40-11B-815 NMSA 1978, the surrogate
35013501 and the surrogate's spouse or former spouse, if any, shall have
35023502 no claim to parentage of a child conceived by assisted
35033503 reproduction pursuant to the surrogacy agreement;
35043504 (3) the surrogate's spouse, if any, shall
35053505 acknowledge and agree to comply with the obligations imposed on
35063506 the surrogate by the surrogacy agreement;
35073507 (4) except as otherwise provided in Sections
35083508 .229101.7
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35363536 40-11B-811, 40-11B-814 and 40-11B-815 NMSA 1978, the intended
35373537 parent or, if there are two intended parents, each one jointly
35383538 and severally, immediately on birth shall be the exclusive
35393539 parent or parents of the child, regardless of number of
35403540 children born or gender or mental or physical condition of each
35413541 child;
35423542 (5) except as otherwise provided in Sections
35433543 40-11B-811, 40-11B-814 and 40-11B-815 NMSA 1978, the intended
35443544 parent or, if there are two intended parents, each parent
35453545 jointly and severally, immediately on birth shall assume
35463546 responsibility for the financial support of the child,
35473547 regardless of number of children born or gender or mental or
35483548 physical condition of each child;
35493549 (6) the surrogacy agreement shall include
35503550 information disclosing how each intended parent will cover the
35513551 surrogacy-related expenses of the surrogate and the medical
35523552 expenses of the child. If health care coverage is used to
35533553 cover the medical expenses, the disclosure shall include a
35543554 summary of the health care policy provisions related to
35553555 coverage for surrogate pregnancy, including any possible
35563556 liability of the surrogate, third-party-liability liens, other
35573557 insurance coverage and any notice requirement that could affect
35583558 coverage or liability of the surrogate. Unless the agreement
35593559 expressly provides otherwise, the review and disclosure do not
35603560 constitute legal advice. If the extent of coverage is
35613561 .229101.7
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35893589 uncertain, a statement of that fact is sufficient to comply
35903590 with this paragraph;
35913591 (7) the surrogacy agreement shall permit the
35923592 surrogate to make all health and welfare decisions regarding
35933593 herself and her pregnancy. The Revised Uniform Parentage Act
35943594 does not enlarge or diminish the surrogate's right to terminate
35953595 her pregnancy; and
35963596 (8) the surrogacy agreement shall include
35973597 information about each party's right pursuant to this article
35983598 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act to terminate the surrogacy
35993599 agreement.
36003600 B. A gestational or genetic surrogacy agreement may
36013601 provide for:
36023602 (1) payment of consideration and reasonable
36033603 expenses; and
36043604 (2) reimbursement of specific expenses if the
36053605 agreement is terminated pursuant to this article of the Revised
36063606 Uniform Parentage Act.
36073607 C. A right created pursuant to a gestational or
36083608 genetic surrogacy agreement is not assignable, and there is no
36093609 third-party beneficiary of the agreement other than the child."
36103610 SECTION 74. A new Section 40-11B-805 NMSA 1978 is enacted
36113611 to read:
36123612 "40-11B-805. [NEW MATERIAL ] GESTATIONAL OR GENETIC
36133613 SURROGACY AGREEMENT--EFFECT OF SUBSEQUENT CHANGE OF MARITAL
36143614 .229101.7
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36423642 STATUS.--
36433643 A. Unless a gestational or genetic surrogacy
36443644 agreement expressly provides otherwise:
36453645 (1) the marriage of a surrogate after the
36463646 agreement is signed by all parties does not affect the validity
36473647 of the agreement, her spouse's consent to the agreement is not
36483648 required and her spouse is not a presumed parent of a child
36493649 conceived by assisted reproduction pursuant to the agreement;
36503650 and
36513651 (2) the dissolution of marriage or separation
36523652 of the surrogate after the agreement is signed by all parties
36533653 shall not affect the validity of the agreement.
36543654 B. Unless a gestational or genetic surrogacy
36553655 agreement expressly provides otherwise:
36563656 (1) the marriage of an intended parent after
36573657 the agreement is signed by all parties shall not affect the
36583658 validity of a surrogacy agreement, the consent of the spouse of
36593659 the intended parent is not required and the spouse of the
36603660 intended parent is not, based on the agreement, a parent of a
36613661 child conceived by assisted reproduction pursuant to the
36623662 agreement; and
36633663 (2) the dissolution of marriage or separation
36643664 of an intended parent after the agreement is signed by all
36653665 parties shall not affect the validity of the agreement and,
36663666 except as otherwise provided in Section 40-11B-814 NMSA 1978,
36673667 .229101.7
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36953695 the intended parents are the parents of the child."
36963696 SECTION 75. A new Section 40-11B-806 NMSA 1978 is enacted
36973697 to read:
36983698 "40-11B-806. [NEW MATERIAL ] GESTATIONAL OR GENETIC
36993699 SURROGACY AGREEMENT--INSPECTION OF DOCUMENTS.--Unless the court
37003700 orders otherwise, a petition and any other document related to
37013701 a gestational or genetic surrogacy agreement filed with the
37023702 court pursuant to Sections 40-11B-801 through 40-11B-807 NMSA
37033703 1978 are not open to inspection by any person other than the
37043704 parties to the proceeding, a child conceived by assisted
37053705 reproduction pursuant to the agreement, their attorneys and the
37063706 support-enforcement agency. A court shall not authorize a
37073707 person to inspect a document related to the agreement, unless
37083708 required by exigent circumstances. The person seeking to
37093709 inspect the document may be required to pay the expense of
37103710 preparing a copy of the document to be inspected."
37113711 SECTION 76. A new Section 40-11B-807 NMSA 1978 is enacted
37123712 to read:
37133713 "40-11B-807. [NEW MATERIAL ] GESTATIONAL OR GENETIC
37143714 SURROGACY AGREEMENT--EXCLUSIVE, CONTINUING JURISDICTION.--
37153715 During the period after the execution of a gestational or
37163716 genetic surrogacy agreement until ninety days after the birth
37173717 of a child conceived by assisted reproduction pursuant to the
37183718 agreement, a court of this state conducting a proceeding
37193719 pursuant to the Revised Uniform Parentage Act has exclusive,
37203720 .229101.7
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37483748 continuing jurisdiction over all matters arising out of the
37493749 agreement. This section shall not give the court jurisdiction
37503750 over a child-custody or child-support proceeding if
37513751 jurisdiction is not otherwise authorized by law of this state
37523752 other than the Revised Uniform Parentage Act."
37533753 PART 2
37543754 SPECIAL RULES FOR GESTATIONAL SURROGACY AGREEMENTS
37553755 SECTION 77. A new Section 40-11B-808 NMSA 1978 is enacted
37563756 to read:
37573757 "40-11B-808. [NEW MATERIAL ] TERMINATION OF GESTATIONAL
37583758 SURROGACY AGREEMENT.--
37593759 A. A party to a gestational surrogacy agreement may
37603760 terminate the agreement at any time before an embryo transfer
37613761 by giving notice of termination in a record to all other
37623762 parties. If an embryo transfer does not result in a pregnancy,
37633763 a party may terminate the agreement at any time before a
37643764 subsequent embryo transfer by giving notice of termination in a
37653765 record to all other parties.
37663766 B. Unless a gestational surrogacy agreement
37673767 provides otherwise, on termination of the agreement pursuant to
37683768 Subsection A of this section, the parties are released from the
37693769 agreement, except that each intended parent remains responsible
37703770 for expenses that are reimbursable pursuant to the agreement
37713771 and incurred by the gestational surrogate through the date of
37723772 termination.
37733773 .229101.7
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38013801 C. Except in a case involving fraud, neither a
38023802 gestational surrogate nor the surrogate's spouse or former
38033803 spouse, if any, is liable to the intended parent or parents for
38043804 expenses, other damages, a penalty or liquidated damages for
38053805 terminating a gestational surrogacy agreement pursuant to this
38063806 section."
38073807 SECTION 78. A new Section 40-11B-809 NMSA 1978 is enacted
38083808 to read:
38093809 "40-11B-809. [NEW MATERIAL ] PARENTAGE UNDER GESTATIONAL
38103810 SURROGACY AGREEMENT.--
38113811 A. Except as otherwise provided in Subsection C of
38123812 this section, Subsection B of Section 40-11B-810 NMSA 1978 or
38133813 Section 40-11B-812 NMSA 1978, on the birth of a child conceived
38143814 by assisted reproduction pursuant to a gestational surrogacy
38153815 agreement, each intended parent is, by operation of law, a
38163816 parent of the child.
38173817 B. Except as otherwise provided in Subsection C of
38183818 this section or Section 40-11B-812 NMSA 1978, neither a
38193819 gestational surrogate nor the surrogate's spouse or former
38203820 spouse, if any, is a parent of the child.
38213821 C. If a child is alleged to be a genetic child of
38223822 the woman who agreed to be a gestational surrogate, the court
38233823 shall order genetic testing of the child. If the child is a
38243824 genetic child of the woman who agreed to be a gestational
38253825 surrogate, parentage shall be determined based on Articles 1
38263826 .229101.7
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38543854 through 6 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act.
38553855 D. Except as otherwise provided in Subsection C of
38563856 this section, Subsection B of Section 40-11B-810 NMSA 1978 or
38573857 Section 40-11B-812 NMSA 1978, if, due to a clinical or
38583858 laboratory error, a child conceived by assisted reproduction
38593859 pursuant to a gestational surrogacy agreement is not
38603860 genetically related to an intended parent or a donor who
38613861 donated to the intended parent or parents, each intended
38623862 parent, and not the gestational surrogate and the surrogate's
38633863 spouse or former spouse, if any, is a parent of the child,
38643864 subject to any other claim of parentage."
38653865 SECTION 79. A new Section 40-11B-810 NMSA 1978 is enacted
38663866 to read:
38673867 "40-11B-810. [NEW MATERIAL ] GESTATIONAL SURROGACY
38683868 AGREEMENT--PARENTAGE OF DECEASED INTENDED PARENT.--
38693869 A. Section 40-11B-809 NMSA 1978 applies to an
38703870 intended parent even if the intended parent died during the
38713871 period between the transfer of a gamete or embryo and the birth
38723872 of the child.
38733873 B. Except as otherwise provided in Section
38743874 40-11B-812 NMSA 1978, an intended parent is not a parent of a
38753875 child conceived by assisted reproduction pursuant to a
38763876 gestational surrogacy agreement if the intended parent dies
38773877 before the transfer of a gamete or embryo unless:
38783878 (1) the agreement provides otherwise; and
38793879 .229101.7
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39073907 (2) the transfer of a gamete or embryo occurs
39083908 not later than thirty-six months after the death of the
39093909 intended parent or the birth of the child occurs not later than
39103910 forty-five months after the death of the intended parent."
39113911 SECTION 80. A new Section 40-11B-811 NMSA 1978 is enacted
39123912 to read:
39133913 "40-11B-811. [NEW MATERIAL ] GESTATIONAL SURROGACY
39143914 AGREEMENT--ORDER OF PARENTAGE.--
39153915 A. Except as otherwise provided in Subsection C of
39163916 Section 40-11B-809 NMSA 1978 or Section 40-11B-812 NMSA 1978,
39173917 before, on or after the birth of a child conceived by assisted
39183918 reproduction pursuant to a gestational surrogacy agreement, a
39193919 party to the agreement may commence a proceeding in court for
39203920 an order or judgment:
39213921 (1) declaring that each intended parent is a
39223922 parent of the child and ordering that parental rights and
39233923 duties vest immediately on the birth of the child exclusively
39243924 in each intended parent;
39253925 (2) declaring that the gestational surrogate
39263926 and the surrogate's spouse or former spouse, if any, are not
39273927 the parents of the child;
39283928 (3) designating the content of the birth
39293929 record in accordance with Section 24-14-17 NMSA 1978 and
39303930 directing the bureau to designate each intended parent as a
39313931 parent of the child;
39323932 .229101.7
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39603960 (4) to protect the privacy of the child and
39613961 the parties, declaring that the court record is not open to
39623962 inspection except as authorized pursuant to Section 40-11B-806
39633963 NMSA 1978;
39643964 (5) requiring that the child be surrendered to
39653965 the intended parent or parents if necessary; and
39663966 (6) for other relief the court determines
39673967 necessary and proper.
39683968 B. The court may issue an order or judgment
39693969 pursuant to Subsection A of this section before the birth of
39703970 the child. The court shall stay enforcement of the order or
39713971 judgment until the birth of the child.
39723972 C. Neither this state nor the department of health
39733973 is a necessary party to a proceeding pursuant to Subsection A
39743974 this section."
39753975 SECTION 81. A new Section 40-11B-812 NMSA 1978 is enacted
39763976 to read:
39773977 "40-11B-812. [NEW MATERIAL ] EFFECT OF GESTATIONAL
39783978 SURROGACY AGREEMENT.--
39793979 A. A gestational surrogacy agreement that complies
39803980 with Sections 40-11B-802 through 40-11B-804 NMSA 1978 is
39813981 enforceable.
39823982 B. If a child was conceived by assisted
39833983 reproduction pursuant to a gestational surrogacy agreement that
39843984 does not comply with Sections 40-11B-802 through 40-11B-804
39853985 .229101.7
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40134013 NMSA 1978, the court shall determine the rights and duties of
40144014 the parties to the agreement consistent with the intent of the
40154015 parties at the time of execution of the agreement. Each party
40164016 to the agreement and any individual who at the time of the
40174017 execution of the agreement was a spouse of a party to the
40184018 agreement has standing to maintain a proceeding to adjudicate
40194019 an issue related to the enforcement of the agreement.
40204020 C. Except as expressly provided in a gestational
40214021 surrogacy agreement or Subsection D or E of this section, if
40224022 the agreement is breached by the gestational surrogate or one
40234023 or more intended parents, the non-breaching party is entitled
40244024 to the remedies available at law or in equity.
40254025 D. Specific performance is not a remedy available
40264026 for breach by a gestational surrogate of a provision in the
40274027 agreement that the gestational surrogate be impregnated,
40284028 terminate or not terminate a pregnancy or submit to medical
40294029 procedures.
40304030 E. Except as otherwise provided in Subsection D of
40314031 this section, if an intended parent is determined to be a
40324032 parent of the child, specific performance is a remedy available
40334033 for:
40344034 (1) breach of the agreement by a gestational
40354035 surrogate that prevents the intended parent from exercising
40364036 immediately on birth of the child the full rights of parentage;
40374037 or
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40664066 (2) breach by the intended parent that
40674067 prevents the intended parent's acceptance, immediately on birth
40684068 of the child conceived by assisted reproduction pursuant to the
40694069 agreement, of the full duties of parentage or that results in
40704070 the intended parent's failure to accept those duties
40714071 immediately."
40724072 PART 3
40734073 SPECIAL RULES FOR GENETIC SURROGACY AGREEMENT
40744074 SECTION 82. A new Section 40-11B-813 NMSA 1978 is enacted
40754075 to read:
40764076 "40-11B-813. [NEW MATERIAL ] REQUIREMENTS TO VALIDATE
40774077 GENETIC SURROGACY AGREEMENT.--
40784078 A. Except as otherwise provided in Section
40794079 40-11B-816 NMSA 1978, to be enforceable, a genetic surrogacy
40804080 agreement shall be validated by the court. A proceeding to
40814081 validate the agreement shall be commenced before assisted
40824082 reproduction related to the surrogacy agreement.
40834083 B. The court shall issue an order validating a
40844084 genetic surrogacy agreement if the court finds that:
40854085 (1) Sections 40-11B-802 through 40-11B-804
40864086 NMSA 1978 are satisfied; and
40874087 (2) all parties entered into the agreement
40884088 voluntarily and understand its terms.
40894089 C. An individual who terminates a genetic surrogacy
40904090 agreement pursuant to Section 40-11B-814 NMSA 1978 shall file
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41194119 notice of the termination with the court. On receipt of the
41204120 notice, the court shall vacate any order issued pursuant to
41214121 Subsection B of this section. An individual who does not
41224122 notify the court of the termination of the agreement is subject
41234123 to sanctions."
41244124 SECTION 83. A new Section 40-11B-814 NMSA 1978 is enacted
41254125 to read:
41264126 "40-11B-814. [NEW MATERIAL ] TERMINATION OF GENETIC
41274127 SURROGACY AGREEMENT.--
41284128 A. A party to a genetic surrogacy agreement may
41294129 terminate the agreement as follows:
41304130 (1) an intended parent who is a party to the
41314131 agreement may terminate the agreement at any time before a
41324132 gamete or embryo transfer by giving notice of termination in a
41334133 record to all other parties. If a gamete or embryo transfer
41344134 does not result in a pregnancy, a party may terminate the
41354135 agreement at any time before a subsequent gamete or embryo
41364136 transfer. The notice of termination shall be attested by a
41374137 notarial officer or witnessed; or
41384138 (2) a genetic surrogate who is a party to the
41394139 agreement may withdraw consent to the agreement any time before
41404140 forty-eight hours after the birth of a child conceived by
41414141 assisted reproduction pursuant to the agreement. To withdraw
41424142 consent, the genetic surrogate shall execute a notice of
41434143 termination in a record stating the surrogate's intent to
41444144 .229101.7
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41724172 terminate the agreement. The notice of termination shall be
41734173 attested by a notarial officer or witnessed and be delivered to
41744174 each intended parent any time before forty-eight hours after
41754175 the birth of the child.
41764176 B. On termination of the genetic surrogacy
41774177 agreement pursuant to Subsection A of this section, the parties
41784178 are released from all obligations pursuant to the agreement
41794179 except that each intended parent remains responsible for all
41804180 expenses incurred by the surrogate through the date of
41814181 termination that are reimbursable pursuant to the agreement.
41824182 Unless the agreement provides otherwise, the surrogate is not
41834183 entitled to any non-expense-related compensation for serving as
41844184 a surrogate.
41854185 C. Except in a case involving fraud, neither a
41864186 genetic surrogate nor the surrogate's spouse or former spouse,
41874187 if any, is liable to the intended parent or parents for
41884188 expenses, compensation, other damages, a penalty or liquidated
41894189 damages for terminating a genetic surrogacy agreement pursuant
41904190 to this section."
41914191 SECTION 84. A new Section 40-11B-815 NMSA 1978 is enacted
41924192 to read:
41934193 "40-11B-815. [NEW MATERIAL ] PARENTAGE UNDER VALIDATED
41944194 GENETIC SURROGACY AGREEMENT.--
41954195 A. Unless a genetic surrogate exercises the right
41964196 pursuant to Section 40-11B-814 NMSA 1978 to terminate a genetic
41974197 .229101.7
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42254225 surrogacy agreement, each intended parent is a parent of a
42264226 child conceived by assisted reproduction pursuant to an
42274227 agreement validated pursuant to Section 40-11B-813 NMSA 1978.
42284228 B. Unless a genetic surrogate exercises the right
42294229 pursuant to Section 40-11B-814 NMSA 1978 to terminate the
42304230 genetic surrogacy agreement, on proof of a court order issued
42314231 pursuant to Section 40-11B-813 NMSA 1978 validating the
42324232 agreement, the court shall make an order:
42334233 (1) declaring that each intended parent is a
42344234 parent of a child conceived by assisted reproduction pursuant
42354235 to the agreement and ordering that parental rights and duties
42364236 vest exclusively in each intended parent;
42374237 (2) declaring that the genetic surrogate and
42384238 the surrogate's spouse or former spouse, if any, are not
42394239 parents of the child;
42404240 (3) designating the contents of the birth
42414241 certificate in accordance with Section 24-14-17 NMSA 1978 and
42424242 directing the bureau to designate each intended parent as a
42434243 parent of the child;
42444244 (4) to protect the privacy of the child and
42454245 the parties, declaring that the court record is not open to
42464246 inspection, except as authorized pursuant to Section 40-11B-806
42474247 NMSA 1978;
42484248 (5) requiring that the child be surrendered to
42494249 the intended parent or parents if necessary; and
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42784278 (6) for other relief the court determines
42794279 necessary and proper.
42804280 C. If a genetic surrogate terminates a genetic
42814281 surrogacy agreement pursuant to Paragraph (2) of Subsection A
42824282 of Section 40-11B-814 NMSA 1978, parentage of the child
42834283 conceived by assisted reproduction pursuant to the agreement
42844284 shall be determined pursuant to Articles 1 through 6 of the
42854285 Revised Uniform Parentage Act.
42864286 D. If a child born to a genetic surrogate is
42874287 alleged not to have been conceived by assisted reproduction,
42884288 the court shall order genetic testing to determine the genetic
42894289 parentage of the child. If the child was not conceived by
42904290 assisted reproduction, parentage shall be determined pursuant
42914291 to Articles 1 through 6 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act.
42924292 Unless the genetic surrogacy agreement provides otherwise, if
42934293 the child was not conceived by assisted reproduction, the
42944294 surrogate is not entitled to any non-expense-related
42954295 compensation for serving as a surrogate.
42964296 E. Unless a genetic surrogate exercises the right
42974297 pursuant to Section 40-11B-814 NMSA 1978 to terminate the
42984298 genetic surrogacy agreement, if an intended parent fails to
42994299 file notice required pursuant to Subsection A of Section
43004300 40-11B-814 NMSA 1978, the genetic surrogate or the support-
43014301 enforcement agency may file with the court, not later than
43024302 sixty days after the birth of a child conceived by assisted
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43314331 reproduction pursuant to the agreement, notice that the child
43324332 has been born to the genetic surrogate. Unless the genetic
43334333 surrogate has properly exercised the right pursuant to Section
43344334 40-11B-814 NMSA 1978 to withdraw consent to the agreement, on
43354335 proof of a court order issued pursuant to Section 40-11B-813
43364336 NMSA 1978 validating the agreement, the court shall order that
43374337 each intended parent is a parent of the child."
43384338 SECTION 85. A new Section 40-11B-816 NMSA 1978 is enacted
43394339 to read:
43404340 "40-11B-816. [NEW MATERIAL ] EFFECT OF NON-VALIDATED
43414341 GENETIC SURROGACY AGREEMENT.--
43424342 A. A genetic surrogacy agreement, whether or not in
43434343 a record, that is not validated pursuant to Section 40-11B-813
43444344 NMSA 1978 is enforceable only to the extent provided in this
43454345 section and Section 40-11B-818 NMSA 1978.
43464346 B. If all parties agree, a court may validate a
43474347 genetic surrogacy agreement after assisted reproduction has
43484348 occurred but before the birth of a child conceived by assisted
43494349 reproduction pursuant to the agreement.
43504350 C. If a child conceived by assisted reproduction
43514351 pursuant to a genetic surrogacy agreement that is not validated
43524352 pursuant to Section 40-11B-813 NMSA 1978 is born and the
43534353 genetic surrogate, consistent with Paragraph (2) of Subsection
43544354 A of Section 40-11B-814 NMSA 1978, withdraws her consent to the
43554355 agreement before forty-eight hours after the birth of the
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43844384 child, the court shall adjudicate the parentage of the child
43854385 pursuant to Articles 1 through 6 of the Revised Uniform
43864386 Parentage Act.
43874387 D. If a child conceived by assisted reproduction
43884388 pursuant to a genetic surrogacy agreement that is not validated
43894389 pursuant to Section 40-11B-813 NMSA 1978 is born and a genetic
43904390 surrogate does not withdraw her consent to the agreement,
43914391 consistent with Paragraph (2) of Subsection A of Section
43924392 40-11B-814 NMSA 1978, before forty-eight hours after the birth
43934393 of the child, the genetic surrogate is not automatically a
43944394 parent and the court shall adjudicate parentage of the child
43954395 based on the best interest of the child, taking into account
43964396 the factors in Subsection A of Section 40-11B-813 NMSA 1978 and
43974397 the intent of the parties at the time of the execution of the
43984398 agreement.
43994399 E. Each party to a genetic surrogacy agreement has
44004400 standing to maintain a proceeding to adjudicate parentage
44014401 pursuant to this section."
44024402 SECTION 86. A new Section 40-11B-817 NMSA 1978 is enacted
44034403 to read:
44044404 "40-11B-817. [NEW MATERIAL ] GENETIC SURROGACY AGREEMENT--
44054405 PARENTAGE OF DECEASED INTENDED PARENT.--
44064406 A. Except as otherwise provided in Section
44074407 40-11B-815 or 40-11B-816 NMSA 1978, on the birth of a child
44084408 conceived by assisted reproduction pursuant to a genetic
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44374437 surrogacy agreement, each intended parent is, by operation of
44384438 law, a parent of the child, notwithstanding the death of an
44394439 intended parent during the period between the transfer of a
44404440 gamete or embryo and the birth of the child.
44414441 B. Except as otherwise provided in Sections
44424442 40-11B-815 and 40-11B-816 NMSA 1978, an intended parent is not
44434443 a parent of a child conceived by assisted reproduction pursuant
44444444 to a genetic surrogacy agreement if the intended parent dies
44454445 before the transfer of a gamete or embryo unless:
44464446 (1) the agreement provides otherwise; and
44474447 (2) the transfer of the gamete or embryo
44484448 occurs not later than thirty-six months after the death of the
44494449 intended parent, or the birth of the child occurs not later
44504450 than forty-five months after the death of the intended parent."
44514451 SECTION 87. A new Section 40-11B-818 NMSA 1978 is enacted
44524452 to read:
44534453 "40-11B-818. [NEW MATERIAL ] BREACH OF GENETIC SURROGACY
44544454 AGREEMENT.--
44554455 A. Subject to Subsection B of Section 40-11B-814
44564456 NMSA 1978, if a genetic surrogacy agreement is breached by a
44574457 genetic surrogate or one or more intended parents, the non-
44584458 breaching party is entitled to the remedies available at law or
44594459 in equity.
44604460 B. Specific performance is not a remedy available
44614461 for breach by a genetic surrogate of a requirement of a
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44904490 validated or non-validated genetic surrogacy agreement that the
44914491 surrogate be impregnated, terminate or not terminate a
44924492 pregnancy or submit to medical procedures.
44934493 C. Except as otherwise provided in Subsection B of
44944494 this section, specific performance is a remedy available for:
44954495 (1) breach of a validated genetic surrogacy
44964496 agreement by a genetic surrogate of a requirement that prevents
44974497 an intended parent from exercising the full rights of parentage
44984498 forty-eight hours after the birth of the child; or
44994499 (2) breach by an intended parent that prevents
45004500 the intended parent's acceptance of the full duties of
45014501 parentage forty-eight hours after the birth of the child or
45024502 that results in the intended parent's failure to accept those
45034503 duties forty-eight hours after the birth of the child."
45044504 ARTICLE 9
45054505 INFORMATION ABOUT DONOR
45064506 SECTION 88. A new Section 40-11B-901 NMSA 1978 is enacted
45074507 to read:
45084508 "40-11B-901. [NEW MATERIAL ] DEFINITIONS.--As used in this
45094509 article of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act:
45104510 A. "identifying information" means:
45114511 (1) the full name of a donor;
45124512 (2) the date of birth of the donor; and
45134513 (3) the permanent and, if different, current
45144514 address, telephone number and electronic mail address of the
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45434543 donor at the time of the donation; and
45444544 B. "medical history" means information regarding
45454545 any:
45464546 (1) present illness of a donor;
45474547 (2) past illness of the donor; and
45484548 (3) social, genetic and family history
45494549 pertaining to the health of the donor."
45504550 SECTION 89. A new Section 40-11B-902 NMSA 1978 is enacted
45514551 to read:
45524552 "40-11B-902. [NEW MATERIAL ] APPLICABILITY.--This article
45534553 of the Revised Uniform Parentage Act applies only to gametes
45544554 collected on or after January 1, 2026."
45554555 SECTION 90. A new Section 40-11B-903 NMSA 1978 is enacted
45564556 to read:
45574557 "40-11B-903. [NEW MATERIAL ] COLLECTION OF INFORMATION.--
45584558 A. A gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in
45594559 New Mexico shall collect from a donor the donor's identifying
45604560 information and medical history at the time of the donation.
45614561 B. A gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in
45624562 New Mexico that receives gametes of a donor collected by
45634563 another gamete bank or fertility clinic shall collect the name,
45644564 address, telephone number and electronic mail address of the
45654565 gamete bank or fertility clinic from which it received the
45664566 gametes.
45674567 C. A gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in
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45964596 New Mexico shall disclose the information collected pursuant to
45974597 Subsections A and B of this section as provided in Section
45984598 40-11B-905 NMSA 1978."
45994599 SECTION 91. A new Section 40-11B-904 NMSA 1978 is
46004600 enacted to read:
46014601 (RESERVED)
46024602 SECTION 92. A new Section 40-11B-905 NMSA 1978 is
46034603 enacted to read:
46044604 "40-11B-905. [NEW MATERIAL ] DISCLOSURE OF IDENTIFYING
46054605 INFORMATION AND MEDICAL HISTORY.--
46064606 A. On request of a child conceived by assisted
46074607 reproduction who attains eighteen years of age, a gamete bank
46084608 or fertility clinic licensed in New Mexico that collected the
46094609 gametes used in the assisted reproduction shall provide to the
46104610 child identifying information of the donor who provided the
46114611 gametes.
46124612 B. Regardless of whether a child has made a request
46134613 pursuant to Subsection A of this section, on request of a child
46144614 conceived by assisted reproduction who attains eighteen years
46154615 of age, or, if the child is a minor, of a parent or guardian of
46164616 the child, a gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in New
46174617 Mexico that collected the gametes used in the assisted
46184618 reproduction shall provide the child or, if the child is a
46194619 minor, the parent or guardian of the child, access to
46204620 nonidentifying medical history of the donor.
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46494649 C. On request of a child conceived by assisted
46504650 reproduction who attains eighteen years of age, or, if the
46514651 child is a minor, of a parent or guardian of the child, a
46524652 gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in New Mexico that
46534653 received the gametes used in the assisted reproduction from
46544654 another gamete bank or fertility clinic shall disclose to the
46554655 child or, if the child is a minor, the parent or guardian of
46564656 the child, the name, address, telephone number and electronic
46574657 mail address of the gamete bank or fertility clinic from which
46584658 it received the gametes."
46594659 SECTION 93. A new Section 40-11B-906 NMSA 1978 is
46604660 enacted to read:
46614661 "40-11B-906. [NEW MATERIAL ] RECORDKEEPING.--
46624662 A. A gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in
46634663 New Mexico that collects gametes for use in assisted
46644664 reproduction shall maintain identifying information and medical
46654665 history about each gamete donor. The gamete bank or fertility
46664666 clinic shall maintain records of gamete screening and testing
46674667 and comply with reporting requirements, in accordance with
46684668 federal law and applicable law of New Mexico other than the
46694669 Revised Uniform Parentage Act.
46704670 B. A gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in
46714671 New Mexico that receives gametes from another gamete bank or
46724672 fertility clinic shall maintain the name, address, telephone
46734673 number and electronic mail address of the gamete bank or
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47024702 fertility clinic from which it received the gametes."
47034703 ARTICLE 10
47044704 MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
47054705 SECTION 94. A new Section 40-11B-1001 NMSA 1978 is
47064706 enacted to read:
47074707 "40-11B-1001. [NEW MATERIAL ] UNIFORMITY OF APPLICATION
47084708 AND CONSTRUCTION.--In applying and construing the Revised
47094709 Uniform Parentage Act, consideration shall be given to the need
47104710 to promote uniformity of the law with respect to its subject
47114711 matter among states that enact it."
47124712 SECTION 95. A new Section 40-11B-1002 NMSA 1978 is
47134713 enacted to read:
47144714 "40-11B-1002. [NEW MATERIAL ] RELATION TO FEDERAL
47154715 ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES IN GLOBAL AND NATIONAL COMMERCE ACT.--The
47164716 Revised Uniform Parentage Act modifies, limits or supersedes
47174717 the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National
47184718 Commerce Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 7001 et seq., but does not
47194719 modify limit, or supersede Section 101(c) of that act, 15
47204720 U.S.C. Section 7001(c), or authorize electronic delivery of any
47214721 of the notices described in Section 103(b) of that act, 15
47224722 U.S.C. Section 7003(b)."
47234723 SECTION 96. Section 24-14-13 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1961,
47244724 Chapter 44, Section 13, as amended) is amended to read:
47254725 "24-14-13. BIRTH REGISTRATION.--
47264726 A. A certificate of birth for each live birth that
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47554755 occurs in this state shall be filed with the bureau or as
47564756 otherwise directed by the state registrar within ten days after
47574757 the birth and shall be registered if it has been completed and
47584758 filed in accordance with this section. When a birth, however,
47594759 occurs on a moving conveyance, a birth certificate shall be
47604760 registered in this state and the place where the child is first
47614761 removed shall be considered the place of birth.
47624762 B. When a birth occurs in an institution, the
47634763 person in charge of the institution or the person's designated
47644764 representative shall obtain the personal data, prepare the
47654765 certificate of birth, secure the signatures required and file
47664766 it as directed in this section. The physician or other person
47674767 in attendance shall certify the medical information required by
47684768 the certificate of birth within ten working days after the
47694769 birth in accordance with policies established by the
47704770 institution where the birth occurred. The person in charge of
47714771 the institution or the person's designee shall complete and
47724772 sign the certificate of birth.
47734773 C. When a birth occurs outside an institution, the
47744774 certificate of birth shall be prepared and filed by one of the
47754775 following in the indicated order of priority:
47764776 (1) the physician in attendance at or
47774777 immediately after the birth;
47784778 (2) any other person in attendance at or
47794779 immediately after the birth; or
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48084808 (3) the father, the mother or, in the absence
48094809 of the father and the inability of the mother, the person in
48104810 charge of the premises where the birth occurred.
48114811 D. If the mother was married at the time of either
48124812 conception or birth, the name of the husband shall be entered
48134813 on the certificate of birth as the father of the child, unless
48144814 paternity has been determined pursuant to Subsection F or G of
48154815 this section or by a court, in which case the name of the
48164816 father as determined pursuant to Subsection F or G of this
48174817 section or by the court shall be entered.
48184818 E. If the mother was not married at the time of
48194819 either conception or birth, but the mother and father have
48204820 signed under penalty of perjury an acknowledgment of paternity
48214821 on a form provided by the bureau pursuant to the [New Mexico ]
48224822 Revised Uniform Parentage Act, the father's name, date of birth
48234823 and social security number shall be entered on the
48244824 acknowledgment of paternity. The name of the father shall not
48254825 be entered on the certificate of birth without such a written
48264826 acknowledgment of paternity signed under penalty of perjury by
48274827 the mother and the person to be named as the father, unless a
48284828 determination of paternity has been made by a court, in which
48294829 case the name of the father as determined by the court shall be
48304830 entered.
48314831 F. At or before the birth of a child to an
48324832 unmarried woman, the person in charge of the institution, a
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48614861 designated representative, the attending physician or midwife
48624862 shall:
48634863 (1) provide an opportunity for the child's
48644864 mother and father to sign under penalty of perjury an
48654865 acknowledgment of paternity on a form provided by the bureau
48664866 pursuant to the [New Mexico ] Revised Uniform Parentage Act.
48674867 The completed acknowledgment of paternity shall be filed with
48684868 the bureau. The acknowledgment shall contain or have attached
48694869 to it:
48704870 (a) a statement by the mother consenting
48714871 to the assertion of paternity;
48724872 (b) a statement by the father that he is
48734873 the father of the child;
48744874 (c) written information, furnished by
48754875 the [human services department ] health care authority ,
48764876 explaining the implications of signing, including legal
48774877 parental rights and responsibilities; and
48784878 (d) the social security numbers of both
48794879 parents; and
48804880 (2) provide written information, furnished by
48814881 the [human services department ] health care authority , to the
48824882 mother and father, regarding the benefits of having the child's
48834883 paternity established and of the availability of paternity
48844884 establishment services and child support enforcement services.
48854885 G. If a married mother claims that her husband is
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49144914 not the father of the child, the husband signs under penalty of
49154915 perjury a denial of paternity on a form provided by the bureau
49164916 pursuant to the [New Mexico ] Revised Uniform Parentage Act and
49174917 the non-husband agrees that he is the father, an acknowledgment
49184918 of paternity may be signed under penalty of perjury by the
49194919 mother and the non-husband. Upon filing the acknowledgment of
49204920 paternity and the denial of paternity with the bureau, the name
49214921 of the non-husband shall be entered on the certificate of birth
49224922 as the father.
49234923 H. Pursuant to an interagency agreement for proper
49244924 reimbursement, the bureau shall make available to the [human
49254925 services department] health care authority the birth
49264926 certificate, the mother's and father's social security numbers
49274927 and paternity acknowledgments or denials. The [human services
49284928 department] health care authority shall use these records only
49294929 in conjunction with its duties as the state IV-D agency
49304930 responsible for the child support program under Title IV-D of
49314931 the federal Social Security Act.
49324932 I. Each party shall be provided with copies of any
49334933 acknowledgment of paternity and any related denial of
49344934 paternity.
49354935 J. The forms of acknowledgment of paternity and
49364936 denial of paternity furnished by the bureau shall comply with
49374937 the requirements of the [New Mexico ] Revised Uniform Parentage
49384938 Act and shall be provided in English and in Spanish."
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49674967 SECTION 97. Section 24-14-16 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1961,
49684968 Chapter 44, Section 16, as amended) is amended to read:
49694969 "24-14-16. JUDICIAL PROCEDURE TO ESTABLISH FACTS OF
49704970 BIRTH.--
49714971 A. If a delayed certificate of birth is rejected
49724972 under the provisions of Section 24-14-15 NMSA 1978, a petition
49734973 may be filed with a court for an order establishing a record of
49744974 the date and place of the birth and the parentage of the person
49754975 whose birth is to be registered.
49764976 B. The petition shall allege that:
49774977 (1) the person for whom a delayed certificate
49784978 of birth is sought was born in this state;
49794979 (2) no record of birth of the person can be
49804980 found in the bureau;
49814981 (3) diligent efforts by the petitioner have
49824982 failed to obtain the evidence required in accordance with
49834983 Section 24-14-15 NMSA 1978;
49844984 (4) the state registrar has refused to
49854985 register a delayed certificate of birth; and
49864986 (5) any other allegations as may be required.
49874987 C. The petition shall be accompanied by a statement
49884988 of the registration official made in accordance with Section
49894989 24-14-15 NMSA 1978 and all documentary evidence that was
49904990 submitted to the registration official in support of the
49914991 registration. The petition shall be sworn to by the
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50205020 petitioner.
50215021 D. The court shall fix a time and place for hearing
50225022 the petition and shall give the registration official who
50235023 refused to register the petitioner's delayed certificate of
50245024 birth ten days' notice of the hearing. The official or the
50255025 official's authorized representative may appear and testify in
50265026 the proceeding.
50275027 E. If the court finds from the evidence presented
50285028 that the person for whom a delayed certificate of birth is
50295029 sought was born in this state, it shall make findings as to the
50305030 place and date of birth, parentage and other findings as the
50315031 case may require and shall issue an order to establish a record
50325032 of birth. This order shall include the birth data to be
50335033 registered, a description of the evidence presented in the
50345034 manner prescribed by Section 24-14-15 NMSA 1978 and the date of
50355035 the court's action.
50365036 F. The court shall determine the parent-child
50375037 relationship of the mother and father pursuant to the [New
50385038 Mexico] Revised Uniform Parentage Act.
50395039 G. The clerk of the court shall forward each order
50405040 to the state registrar not later than the tenth day of the
50415041 calendar month following the month in which it was entered.
50425042 The order shall be registered by the state registrar and shall
50435043 constitute the record of birth from which copies may be issued
50445044 in accordance with Sections 24-14-28 and 24-14-29 NMSA 1978."
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50735073 SECTION 98. Section 32A-5-20 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1993,
50745074 Chapter 77, Section 147, as amended) is amended to read:
50755075 "32A-5-20. PUTATIVE FATHER REGISTRY--NOTICE--PENALTY.--
50765076 A. The purpose of the putative father registry is
50775077 to protect the parental rights of fathers who affirmatively
50785078 assume responsibility for children they may have fathered and
50795079 to expedite adoptions of children whose biological fathers are
50805080 unwilling to assume responsibility for their children by
50815081 registering with the putative father registry or otherwise
50825082 acknowledging their children. The registry does not relieve
50835083 the obligation of mothers to identify known fathers.
50845084 B. A putative father registry shall be established
50855085 by the department of health to record the names and addresses
50865086 of:
50875087 (1) any person adjudicated by a court of this
50885088 state to be the father of a child;
50895089 (2) any person who has filed with the
50905090 registry, before or after birth of a child out of wedlock, a
50915091 notice of intent to claim paternity of the child;
50925092 (3) any person who has filed with the registry
50935093 an instrument acknowledging paternity; or
50945094 (4) any person adjudicated by a court of
50955095 another state or territory of the United States to be the
50965096 father of an out-of-wedlock child, when a certified copy of the
50975097 court order has been filed with the registry.
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51265126 C. A person filing a notice of intent to claim
51275127 paternity of a child or an acknowledgment of paternity shall
51285128 include in the notice the following:
51295129 (1) his name;
51305130 (2) his current address;
51315131 (3) the mother's name and any other
51325132 identifying information requested by the department of health;
51335133 and
51345134 (4) the child's name, if known, and any other
51355135 identifying information requested by the department of health.
51365136 D. If the person filing the notice of intent to
51375137 claim paternity of a child or acknowledgment changes his
51385138 address, the person shall notify the department of health of
51395139 his new address in the manner prescribed by the department of
51405140 health.
51415141 E. A person who has filed a notice of intent to
51425142 claim paternity may at any time revoke a notice of intent to
51435143 claim paternity previously filed. Upon receipt by the registry
51445144 of the notice of revocation, the revoked notice of intent to
51455145 claim paternity shall be deemed a nullity nunc pro tunc.
51465146 F. No registration fee shall be charged for
51475147 registering the intent to claim paternity of a child or
51485148 acknowledgment of paternity. The department of health may
51495149 charge a reasonable fee as prescribed by [regulation ] rule for
51505150 processing searches of the putative father registry.
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51795179 G. An unrevoked notice of intent to claim paternity
51805180 of a child may be introduced in evidence by any party in any
51815181 proceeding in which that fact may be relevant.
51825182 H. If a father-child relationship has not been
51835183 established pursuant to the [New Mexico ] Revised Uniform
51845184 Parentage Act, a petitioner for adoption of or termination of
51855185 parental rights regarding a child shall obtain a certificate of
51865186 search of the putative father registry.
51875187 I. If a petitioner for adoption of or termination
51885188 of parental rights regarding a child has reason to believe that
51895189 the conception or birth of the child may have occurred in
51905190 another state, the petitioner shall also obtain a certificate
51915191 of search from the putative father registry, if any, in that
51925192 state.
51935193 J. The department of health shall furnish to the
51945194 requester a certificate of search of the registry on request of
51955195 any court, a state agency, the department, the petitioner's
51965196 attorney or the mother of the child. The information shall not
51975197 be disclosed to any other person, except upon order of the
51985198 court for good cause shown. The requester shall furnish the
51995199 department with a stamped, self-addressed reply envelope.
52005200 K. A certificate provided by the department of
52015201 health shall be signed on behalf of the department of health
52025202 and state that:
52035203 (1) a search has been made of the registry;
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52325232 and
52335233 (2) a registration containing the information
52345234 required to identify the registrant:
52355235 (a) has been found and is attached to
52365236 the certificate of search; or
52375237 (b) has not been found.
52385238 L. A petitioner shall file the certificate of
52395239 search with the district court before a proceeding for adoption
52405240 of or termination of parental rights regarding a child may be
52415241 concluded.
52425242 M. Subject to any rules established by the New
52435243 Mexico supreme court, a certificate of search of the registry
52445244 of paternity in this or another state is admissible in a
52455245 proceeding for adoption of or termination of parental rights
52465246 regarding a child and, if relevant, in other legal proceedings.
52475247 N. The department of health may promulgate any
52485248 [regulations] rules or forms necessary to implement the
52495249 provisions of this section.
52505250 O. Any person who intentionally and unlawfully
52515251 releases information from the putative father registry to the
52525252 public or makes any other unlawful use of the information in
52535253 violation of the provisions of this section is guilty of a
52545254 petty misdemeanor and shall be sentenced pursuant to the
52555255 provisions of Section 31-19-1 NMSA 1978."
52565256 SECTION 99. Section 40-4-9.1 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1986,
52575257 .229101.7
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52855285 Chapter 41, Section 1, as amended) is amended to read:
52865286 "40-4-9.1. JOINT CUSTODY--STANDARDS FOR DETERMINATION--
52875287 PARENTING PLAN.--
52885288 A. There shall be a presumption that joint custody
52895289 is in the best interests of a child in an initial custody
52905290 determination. An award of joint custody does not imply an
52915291 equal division of financial responsibility for the child.
52925292 Joint custody shall not be awarded as a substitute for an
52935293 existing custody arrangement unless there has been a
52945294 substantial and material change in circumstances since the
52955295 entry of the prior custody order or decree, which change
52965296 affects the welfare of the child such that joint custody is
52975297 presently in the best interests of the child. With respect to
52985298 any proceeding in which it is proposed that joint custody be
52995299 terminated, the court shall not terminate joint custody unless
53005300 there has been a substantial and material change in
53015301 circumstances affecting the welfare of the child, since entry
53025302 of the joint custody order, such that joint custody is no
53035303 longer in the best interests of the child.
53045304 B. In determining whether a joint custody order is
53055305 in the best interests of the child, in addition to the factors
53065306 provided in Section 40-4-9 NMSA 1978, the court shall consider
53075307 the following factors:
53085308 (1) whether the child has established a close
53095309 relationship with each parent;
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53385338 (2) whether each parent is capable of
53395339 providing adequate care for the child throughout each period of
53405340 responsibility, including arranging for the child's care by
53415341 others as needed;
53425342 (3) whether each parent is willing to accept
53435343 all responsibilities of parenting, including a willingness to
53445344 accept care of the child at specified times and to relinquish
53455345 care to [the other] another parent at specified times;
53465346 (4) whether the child can best maintain and
53475347 strengthen a relationship with [both parents ] each parent
53485348 through predictable, frequent contact and whether the child's
53495349 development will profit from such involvement and influence
53505350 from [both parents] each parent;
53515351 (5) whether each parent is able to allow the
53525352 other to provide care without intrusion, that is, to respect
53535353 the other's parental rights and responsibilities and right to
53545354 privacy;
53555355 (6) the suitability of a parenting plan for
53565356 the implementation of joint custody, preferably, although not
53575357 necessarily, one arrived at through parental agreement;
53585358 (7) geographic distance between the parents'
53595359 residences;
53605360 (8) willingness or ability of the parents to
53615361 communicate, cooperate or agree on issues regarding the child's
53625362 needs; and
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53915391 (9) whether a judicial adjudication has been
53925392 made in a prior or the present proceeding that [either ] a
53935393 parent or other person seeking custody has engaged in one or
53945394 more acts of domestic abuse against the child, a parent of the
53955395 child or other household member. If a determination is made
53965396 that domestic abuse has occurred, the court shall set forth
53975397 findings that the custody or visitation ordered by the court
53985398 adequately protects the child, the abused parent or other
53995399 household member.
54005400 C. In any proceeding in which the custody of a
54015401 child is at issue, the court shall not prefer one parent as a
54025402 custodian solely because of gender.
54035403 D. In any case in which the parents agree to a form
54045404 of custody, the court should award custody consistent with the
54055405 agreement unless the court determines that such agreement is
54065406 not in the best interests of the child.
54075407 E. In making an order of joint custody, the court
54085408 may specify the circumstances, if any, under which the consent
54095409 of [both legal custodians ] each legal custodian is required to
54105410 be obtained in order to exercise legal control of the child and
54115411 the consequences of the failure to obtain mutual consent.
54125412 F. When joint custody is awarded, the court shall
54135413 approve a parenting plan for the implementation of the
54145414 prospective custody arrangement prior to the award of joint
54155415 custody. The parenting plan shall include a division of a
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54445444 child's time and care into periods of responsibility for each
54455445 parent. It may also include:
54465446 (1) statements regarding the child's religion,
54475447 education, child care, recreational activities and medical and
54485448 dental care;
54495449 (2) designation of specific decision-making
54505450 responsibilities;
54515451 (3) methods of communicating information about
54525452 the child, transporting the child, exchanging care for the
54535453 child and maintaining telephone and mail contact between parent
54545454 and child;
54555455 (4) procedures for future decision-making,
54565456 including procedures for dispute resolution; and
54575457 (5) other statements regarding the welfare of
54585458 the child or designed to clarify and facilitate parenting under
54595459 joint custody arrangements.
54605460 In a case where joint custody is not agreed to or
54615461 necessary aspects of the parenting plan are contested, the
54625462 parties shall each submit parenting plans. The court may
54635463 accept the plan proposed by [either ] a party or it may combine
54645464 or revise these plans as it deems necessary in the child's best
54655465 interests. The time of filing of parenting plans shall be set
54665466 by local rule. A plan adopted by the court shall be entered as
54675467 an order of the court.
54685468 G. Where custody is contested, the court shall
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54975497 refer that issue to mediation if feasible. The court may also
54985498 use auxiliary services such as professional evaluation by
54995499 application of Rule [706 ] 11-706 of the New Mexico Rules of
55005500 Evidence or Rule [53] 1-053 of the Rules of Civil Procedure for
55015501 the District Courts.
55025502 H. Notwithstanding any other provisions of law,
55035503 access to records and information pertaining to a minor child,
55045504 including medical, dental and school records, shall not be
55055505 denied to a parent because that parent is not the child's
55065506 physical custodial parent or because that parent is not a joint
55075507 custodial parent.
55085508 I. Whenever a request for joint custody is granted
55095509 or denied, the court shall state in its decision its basis for
55105510 granting or denying the request for joint custody. A statement
55115511 that joint custody is or is not in the best interests of the
55125512 child is not sufficient to meet the requirements of this
55135513 subsection.
55145514 J. An award of joint custody means that:
55155515 (1) each parent shall have significant, well-
55165516 defined periods of responsibility for the child;
55175517 (2) each parent shall have, and be allowed and
55185518 expected to carry out, responsibility for the child's
55195519 financial, physical, emotional and developmental needs during
55205520 that parent's periods of responsibility;
55215521 (3) the parents shall consult [with each
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55505550 other] together on major decisions involving the child before
55515551 implementing those decisions; that is, [neither ] no parent
55525552 shall make a decision or take an action [which ] that results in
55535553 a major change in a child's life until the matter has been
55545554 discussed [with the other parent ] among the parents and the
55555555 parents agree. If the parents, after discussion, cannot agree
55565556 and if one parent wishes to effect a major change while [the
55575557 other] another does not wish the major change to occur, then no
55585558 change shall occur until the issue has been resolved as
55595559 provided in this subsection;
55605560 (4) the following guidelines apply to major
55615561 changes in a child's life:
55625562 (a) if [either] a parent plans to change
55635563 [his] the parent's home city or state of residence, [he ] that
55645564 parent shall provide to [the ] each other parent thirty days'
55655565 notice in writing stating the date and destination of move;
55665566 (b) the religious denomination and
55675567 religious activities, or lack thereof, [which ] that were being
55685568 practiced during the marriage should not be changed unless the
55695569 parties agree or it has been otherwise resolved as provided in
55705570 this subsection;
55715571 (c) [both parents] each parent shall
55725572 have access to school records, teachers and activities. The
55735573 type of education, public or private, [which ] that was in place
55745574 during the marriage should continue, whenever possible, and
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56035603 school districts should not be changed unless the parties agree
56045604 or it has been otherwise resolved as provided in this
56055605 subsection;
56065606 (d) [both parents] each parent shall
56075607 have access to medical and dental treatment providers and
56085608 records. Each parent has authority to make emergency medical
56095609 decisions. [Neither] No parent may contract for major elective
56105610 medical or dental treatment unless [both parents agree ] each
56115611 parent agrees or it has been otherwise resolved as provided in
56125612 this subsection; and
56135613 (e) [both parents] each parent may
56145614 attend the child's public activities and [both parents ] each
56155615 parent should know the necessary schedules. Whatever
56165616 recreational activities the child participated in during the
56175617 marriage should continue with the child's agreement, regardless
56185618 of which of the parents has physical custody. Also, [neither ]
56195619 no parent may enroll the child in a new recreational activity
56205620 unless the parties agree or it has been otherwise resolved as
56215621 provided in this subsection; and
56225622 (5) decisions regarding major changes in a
56235623 child's life may be decided by:
56245624 (a) agreement between the joint
56255625 custodial parents;
56265626 (b) requiring that the parents seek
56275627 family counseling, conciliation or mediation service to assist
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56565656 in resolving their differences;
56575657 (c) agreement by the parents to submit
56585658 the dispute to binding arbitration;
56595659 (d) allocating ultimate responsibility
56605660 for a particular major decision area to one legal custodian;
56615661 (e) terminating joint custody and
56625662 awarding sole custody to one person;
56635663 (f) reference to a master pursuant to
56645664 Rule 53 of the Rules of Civil Procedure for the District
56655665 Courts; or
56665666 (g) the district court.
56675667 K. When [any] a person other than a [natural or
56685668 adoptive] parent as determined pursuant to the provisions of
56695669 the Revised Uniform Parentage Act or the Adoption Act seeks
56705670 custody of a child, no such person shall be awarded custody
56715671 absent a showing of unfitness of the [natural or adoptive ]
56725672 parent as determined pursuant to the provisions of the Revised
56735673 Uniform Parentage Act or the Adoption Act .
56745674 L. As used in this section:
56755675 (1) "child" means a person under the age of
56765676 eighteen;
56775677 (2) "custody" means the authority and
56785678 responsibility to make major decisions in a child's best
56795679 interests in the areas of residence, medical and dental
56805680 treatment, education or child care, religion and recreation;
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57095709 (3) "domestic abuse" means any incident by a
57105710 household member against another household member resulting in:
57115711 (a) physical harm;
57125712 (b) severe emotional distress;
57135713 (c) a threat causing imminent fear of
57145714 physical harm by any household member;
57155715 (d) criminal trespass;
57165716 (e) criminal damage to property;
57175717 (f) stalking or aggravated stalking, as
57185718 provided in Sections 30-3A-3 and 30-3A-3.1 NMSA 1978; or
57195719 (g) harassment, as provided in Section
57205720 30-3A-2 NMSA 1978;
57215721 (4) "joint custody" means an order of the
57225722 court awarding custody of a child to [two parents ] more than
57235723 one parent. Joint custody does not imply an equal division of
57245724 the child's time between the parents or an equal division of
57255725 financial responsibility for the child;
57265726 (5) "parent" means a [natural parent,
57275727 adoptive] parent as determined pursuant to the provisions of
57285728 the Revised Uniform Parentage Act or the Adoption Act or person
57295729 who is acting as a parent who has or shares legal custody of a
57305730 child or who claims a right to have or share legal custody;
57315731 (6) "parenting plan" means a document
57325732 submitted for approval of the court setting forth the
57335733 responsibilities of each parent individually and the parents
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57625762 jointly in a joint custody arrangement;
57635763 (7) "period of responsibility" means a
57645764 specified period of time during which a parent is responsible
57655765 for providing for a child's physical, developmental and
57665766 emotional needs, including the decision-making required in
57675767 daily living. Specified periods of responsibility shall not be
57685768 changed in an instance or more permanently except by the
57695769 methods of decision-making described under Subsection [L ] J of
57705770 this section;
57715771 (8) "sole custody" means an order of the court
57725772 awarding custody of a child to one parent; and
57735773 (9) "visitation" means a period of time
57745774 available to a noncustodial parent, under a sole custody
57755775 arrangement, during which a child resides with or is under the
57765776 care and control of the noncustodial parent."
57775777 SECTION 100. Section 40-4-20 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1901,
57785778 Chapter 62, Section 31, as amended) is amended to read:
57795779 "40-4-20. FAILURE TO DIVIDE OR DISTRIBUTE PROPERTY ON
57805780 THE ENTRY OF A DECREE OF DISSOLUTION OF MARRIAGE OR
57815781 SEPARATION--DISTRIBUTION OF SPOUSAL OR CHILD SUPPORT AND
57825782 DETERMINATION OF PATERNITY WHEN DEATH OCCURS DURING PROCEEDINGS
57835783 FOR DISSOLUTION OF MARRIAGE, SEPARATION, [ANNULMENT OF MARRIAGE
57845784 OR] PATERNITY OR TO VOID A MARRIAGE .--
57855785 A. The failure to divide or distribute property on
57865786 the entry of a decree of dissolution of marriage or of
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58155815 separation shall not affect the property rights of either the
58165816 husband or wife, and either may subsequently institute and
58175817 prosecute a suit for division and distribution or with
58185818 reference to any other matter pertaining thereto that could
58195819 have been litigated in the original proceeding for dissolution
58205820 of marriage or separation.
58215821 B. Upon the filing and service of a petition for
58225822 dissolution of marriage, separation, [annulment ] division of
58235823 property or debts, spousal support, child support, [or ]
58245824 determination of paternity or a declaration that the marriage
58255825 is void pursuant to the provisions of Chapter 40, Article 4 or
58265826 [11] 11B NMSA 1978, if a party to the action dies during the
58275827 pendency of the action, but prior to the entry of a decree
58285828 granting dissolution of marriage, separation, [annulment or ]
58295829 determination of paternity or a declaration that the marriage
58305830 is void, the proceedings for the determination, division and
58315831 distribution of marital property rights and debts, distribution
58325832 of spousal or child support or determination of paternity shall
58335833 not abate. The court shall conclude the proceedings as if both
58345834 parties had survived. The court may allow the spouse or any
58355835 children of the marriage support as if the decedent had
58365836 survived, pursuant to the provisions of Chapter 40, Article 4
58375837 or [11] 11B NMSA 1978. In determining the support, the court
58385838 shall, in addition to the factors listed in Chapter 40, Article
58395839 4 NMSA 1978, consider the amount and nature of the property
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58685868 passing from the [decendent ] decedent to the person for whom
58695869 the support would be paid, whether by will or otherwise."
58705870 SECTION 101. Section 40-9-2 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1993,
58715871 Chapter 93, Section 3, as amended) is amended to read:
58725872 "40-9-2. CHILDREN--VISITATION BY GRANDPARENT--PETITION--
58735873 MEDIATION.--
58745874 A. In rendering a judgment of dissolution of
58755875 marriage, legal separation or the existence of the parent and
58765876 child relationship pursuant to the provisions of the
58775877 Revised Uniform Parentage Act, or at any time after the entry
58785878 of the judgment, the district court may grant reasonable
58795879 visitation privileges to a grandparent of a minor child, not in
58805880 conflict with the child's education or prior established
58815881 visitation or time-sharing privileges.
58825882 B. If one or both parents of a minor child are
58835883 deceased, any grandparent of the minor child may petition the
58845884 district court for visitation privileges with respect to the
58855885 minor. The district court may order temporary visitation
58865886 privileges until a final order regarding visitation privileges
58875887 is issued by the court.
58885888 C. If a minor child resided with a grandparent for
58895889 a period of at least three months and the child was less than
58905890 six years of age at the beginning of the three-month period and
58915891 the child was subsequently removed from the grandparent's home
58925892 by the child's parent or any other person, the grandparent may
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59215921 petition the district court for visitation privileges with
59225922 respect to the child, if the child's home state is New Mexico,
59235923 as provided in the [Child Custody Jurisdiction ] Uniform Child-
59245924 Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act.
59255925 D. If a minor child resided with a grandparent for
59265926 a period of at least six months and the child was six years of
59275927 age or older at the beginning of the six-month period and the
59285928 child was subsequently removed from the grandparent's home by
59295929 the child's parent or any other person, the grandparent may
59305930 petition the district court for visitation privileges with
59315931 respect to the child, if the child's home state is New Mexico,
59325932 as provided in the [Child Custody Jurisdiction ] Uniform Child-
59335933 Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act.
59345934 E. A biological grandparent may petition the
59355935 district court for visitation privileges with respect to a
59365936 grandchild when the grandchild has been adopted or adoption is
59375937 sought, pursuant to the provisions of the Adoption Act, by:
59385938 (1) a stepparent;
59395939 (2) a relative of the grandchild;
59405940 (3) a person designated to care for the
59415941 grandchild in the provisions of a deceased parent's will; or
59425942 (4) a person who sponsored the grandchild at a
59435943 baptism or confirmation conducted by a recognized religious
59445944 organization.
59455945 F. When a minor child is adopted by a stepparent
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59745974 and the parental rights of the natural parent terminate or are
59755975 relinquished, the biological grandparents are not precluded
59765976 from attempting to establish visitation privileges. When a
59775977 petition filed pursuant to the provisions of the Grandparent's
59785978 Visitation Privileges Act is filed during the pendency of an
59795979 adoption proceeding, the petition shall be filed as part of the
59805980 adoption proceedings. The provisions of the Grandparent's
59815981 Visitation Privileges Act shall have no application in the
59825982 event of a relinquishment or termination of parental rights in
59835983 cases of other statutory adoption proceedings.
59845984 G. When considering a grandparent's petition for
59855985 visitation privileges with a child, the district court shall
59865986 assess:
59875987 (1) any factors relevant to the best interests
59885988 of the child;
59895989 (2) the prior interaction between the
59905990 grandparent and the child;
59915991 (3) the prior interaction between the
59925992 grandparent and each parent of the child;
59935993 (4) the present relationship between the
59945994 grandparent and each parent of the child;
59955995 (5) time-sharing or visitation arrangements
59965996 that were in place prior to filing of the petition;
59975997 (6) the effect the visitation with the
59985998 grandparent will have on the child;
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60276027 (7) if the grandparent has any prior
60286028 convictions for physical, emotional or sexual abuse or neglect;
60296029 and
60306030 (8) if the grandparent has previously been a
60316031 full-time caretaker for the child for a significant period.
60326032 H. The district court may order mediation and
60336033 evaluation in any matter when a grandparent's visitation
60346034 privileges with respect to a minor child are at issue. When a
60356035 judicial district has established a domestic relations
60366036 mediation program pursuant to the provisions of the Domestic
60376037 Relations Mediation Act, the mediation shall conform with the
60386038 provisions of that act. Upon motion and hearing, the district
60396039 court shall act promptly on the recommendations set forth in a
60406040 mediation report and consider assessment of mediation and
60416041 evaluation to the parties. The district court may order
60426042 temporary visitation privileges until a final order regarding
60436043 visitation privileges is issued by the court.
60446044 I. When the district court decides that visitation
60456045 is not in the best interest of the child, the court may issue
60466046 an order requiring other reasonable contact between the
60476047 grandparent and the child, including regular communication by
60486048 telephone, mail or any other reasonable means.
60496049 J. The provisions of the [Child Custody
60506050 Jurisdiction] Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and
60516051 Enforcement Act and Section 30-4-4 NMSA 1978, regarding
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60806080 custodial interference, are applicable to the provisions of the
60816081 Grandparent's Visitation Privileges Act."
60826082 SECTION 102. Section 40-10B-3 NMSA 1978 (being Laws
60836083 2001, Chapter 167, Section 3, as amended) is amended to read:
60846084 "40-10B-3. DEFINITIONS.--As used in the Kinship
60856085 Guardianship Act:
60866086 A. "caregiver" means an adult, who is not a parent
60876087 of a child, with whom a child resides and who provides that
60886088 child with the care, maintenance and supervision consistent
60896089 with the duties and responsibilities of a parent of the child;
60906090 B. "child" means an individual who is a minor;
60916091 C. "department" means the children, youth and
60926092 families department;
60936093 D. "guardian" means a person appointed as a
60946094 guardian by a court or Indian tribal authority;
60956095 E. "Indian" means, whether an adult or child, a
60966096 person who is:
60976097 (1) a member of an Indian tribe; or
60986098 (2) eligible for membership in an Indian
60996099 tribe;
61006100 F. "Indian child" means an Indian person, or a
61016101 person whom there is reason to know is an Indian person, under
61026102 eighteen years of age, who is neither:
61036103 (1) married; or
61046104 (2) emancipated;
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61336133 G. "Indian child's tribe" means:
61346134 (1) the Indian tribe in which an Indian child
61356135 is a member or eligible for membership; or
61366136 (2) in the case of an Indian child who is a
61376137 member or eligible for membership in more than one tribe, the
61386138 Indian tribe with which the Indian child has more significant
61396139 contacts;
61406140 H. "Indian custodian" means an Indian who, pursuant
61416141 to tribal law or custom or pursuant to state law:
61426142 (1) is an adult with legal custody of an
61436143 Indian child; or
61446144 (2) has been transferred temporary physical
61456145 care, custody and control by the parent of the Indian child;
61466146 I. "Indian tribe" means an Indian nation, tribe,
61476147 pueblo or other band, organized group or community of Indians
61486148 recognized as eligible for the services provided to Indians by
61496149 the secretary of the interior because of their status as
61506150 Indians, including an Alaska native village as defined in 43
61516151 U.S.C. Section 1602(c) or a regional corporation as defined in
61526152 43 U.S.C. Section 1606. For the purposes of notification to
61536153 and communication with a tribe as required in the Indian Family
61546154 Protection Act, "Indian tribe" also includes those tribal
61556155 officials and staff who are responsible for child welfare and
61566156 social services matters;
61576157 J. "kinship" means the relationship that exists
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61866186 between a child and a relative of the child, a godparent, a
61876187 member of the child's tribe or clan or an adult with whom the
61886188 child has a significant bond;
61896189 K. "parent" means a biological or adoptive parent
61906190 of a child whose parental rights have not been terminated and
61916191 includes an individual identified as a parent under the [New
61926192 Mexico] Revised Uniform Parentage Act; and
61936193 L. "relative" means an individual related to a
61946194 child as a spouse, parent, stepparent, brother, sister,
61956195 stepbrother, stepsister, half-brother, half-sister, uncle,
61966196 aunt, niece, nephew, first cousin or any person denoted by the
61976197 prefix "grand" or "great", or the spouse or former spouse of
61986198 the persons specified."
61996199 SECTION 103. Section 45-1-301 NMSA 1978 (being Laws
62006200 1975, Chapter 257, Section 1-301, as amended) is amended to
62016201 read:
62026202 "45-1-301. APPLICATION.--
62036203 A. Except as otherwise provided in the Uniform
62046204 Probate Code, the code applies to:
62056205 (1) the affairs and estates of decedents,
62066206 missing persons and protected persons domiciled in New Mexico;
62076207 (2) the property of nonresidents located in
62086208 New Mexico or property coming into the control of a fiduciary
62096209 who is subject to the laws of New Mexico;
62106210 (3) incapacitated persons, minors and
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62396239 protected persons in New Mexico;
62406240 (4) survivorship and related accounts and
62416241 similar property interests in New Mexico;
62426242 (5) the disclaimer of property interests by
62436243 persons in New Mexico;
62446244 (6) certain kinds of governing instruments
62456245 that are governed by the laws of New Mexico; and
62466246 (7) the apportionment of taxes on estates
62476247 subject to tax by New Mexico.
62486248 B. The Uniform Probate Code does not create,
62496249 enlarge, modify or diminish parental rights or duties pursuant
62506250 to the [New Mexico] Revised Uniform Parentage Act, the Adoption
62516251 Act, the Children's Code or other law of New Mexico. The
62526252 definition or use of terms in the Uniform Probate Code shall
62536253 not be used to interpret, by analogy or otherwise, the same or
62546254 other terms in the [New Mexico ] Revised Uniform Parentage Act,
62556255 the Adoption Act, the Children's Code or other law of New
62566256 Mexico."
62576257 SECTION 104. REPEAL.--Sections 40-11A-101 through
62586258 40-11A-903 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 2009, Chapter 215, Sections
62596259 1-101 through 1-106, 2-201 through 2-204, 3-301 through 3-314,
62606260 4-401, 5-501 through 5-511, 6-601 through 6-643, 7-701 through
62616261 7-707, 8-801 and 9-901 through 9-903, as amended) are repealed.
62626262 SECTION 105. APPLICABILITY.--The provisions of the
62636263 Revised Uniform Parentage Act apply to actions commenced on or
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62926292 after January 1, 2026.
62936293 SECTION 106. EFFECTIVE DATE.--The effective date of the
62946294 provisions of this act is January 1, 2026.
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