New Mexico 2025 Regular Session

New Mexico House Bill HB4 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.

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28	28	HOUSE BILL 4
29	29	57TH LEGISLATURE - STATE OF NEW MEXICO - FIRST SESSION, 2025
30	30	INTRODUCED BY
31	31	Christine Chandler
32	32	AN ACT
33	33	RELATING TO CRIMINAL COMPETENCY; PROVIDING THAT A REPORT OF A
34	34	COMPETENCY EVALUATION SHALL INCLUDE A QUALIFIED PROFESSIONAL'S
35	35	OPINION AS TO WHETHER A DEFENDANT IS COMPETENT TO STAND TRIAL
36	36	AND, IF THE PROFESSIONAL BELIEVES THE DEFENDANT IS NOT
37	37	COMPETENT, TO INCLUDE AN OPINION AS TO WHETHER THE DEFENDANT
38	38	SATISFIES THE CRITERIA FOR INVOLUNTARY COMMITMENT OR ASSISTED
39	39	OUTPATIENT TREATMENT; PROVIDING FOR COMMUNITY-BASED COMPETENCY
40	40	RESTORATION FOR NON-DANGEROUS DEFENDANTS; EXPANDING THE LIST OF
41	41	CRIMES FOR WHICH A DEFENDANT MAY BE CRIMINALLY COMMITTED;
42	42	PROVIDING FOR THE COURT TO ADVISE A DISTRICT ATTORNEY TO
43	43	CONSIDER INITIATING PROCEEDINGS FOR INVOLUNTARY COMMITMENT OR
44	44	ASSISTED OUTPATIENT TREATMENT UPON DISMISSAL OF A CRIMINAL
45	45	CASE; ALLOWING A COURT TO AUTHORIZE A DISTRICT ATTORNEY OR THE
46	46	DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH TO USE THE REPORT OF A COMPETENCY
47	47	EVALUATION IN INVOLUNTARY COMMITMENT AND ASSISTED OUTPATIENT
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75	75	TREATMENT PROCEEDINGS; AMENDING THE ASSISTED OUTPATIENT
76	76	TREATMENT ACT TO AUTHORIZE A DISTRICT ATTORNEY OR THE ATTORNEY
77	77	GENERAL TO FILE A PETITION FOR ASSISTED OUTPATIENT TREATMENT
78	78	AND TO ALLOW A PETITION TO BE FILED UP TO THIRTY DAYS AFTER A
79	79	QUALIFIED PROFESSIONAL HAS EXAMINED A DEFENDANT OR RESPONDENT;
80	80	MAKING CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.
81	81	BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO:
82	82	SECTION 1. Section 31-9-1 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1988,
83	83	Chapter 107, Section 1 and Laws 1988, Chapter 108, Section 1,
84	84	as amended by Laws 1993, Chapter 240, Section 1 and also by
85	85	Laws 1993, Chapter 249, Section 1) is amended to read:
86	86	"31-9-1. DETERMINATION OF COMPETENCY--RAISING THE
87	87	ISSUE.--[Whenever it appears that there is a question as to the
88	88	defendant's competency to proceed in a criminal case, any
89	89	further proceeding in the cause ]
90	90	A. When a party or the court raises a question as
91	91	to a defendant's competency to stand trial in a criminal case,
92	92	the proceeding shall be suspended until the issue is
93	93	determined.
94	94	B. Unless the case is dismissed upon motion of a
95	95	party, [when] if the question of a defendant's competency:
96	96	(1) is raised in a court other than the
97	97	district court or a metropolitan court, the [proceeding ] case
98	98	shall be [suspended and the cause ] transferred to the district
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127	127	court; [If the question of a defendant's competency ] and
128	128	(2) is raised in the metropolitan court and
129	129	the court determines that the defendant is [incompetent to
130	130	proceed in a criminal case, the cause, if not dismissed upon
131	131	motion of a party] not competent to stand trial, the case shall
132	132	be transferred to the district court."
133	133	SECTION 2. Section 31-9-1.1 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1988,
134	134	Chapter 107, Section 2 and Laws 1988, Chapter 108, Section 2,
135	135	as amended by Laws 1993, Chapter 240, Section 2 and also by
136	136	Laws 1993, Chapter 249, Section 2) is amended to read:
137	137	"31-9-1.1. DETERMINATION OF COMPETENCY--EVALUATION AND
138	138	DETERMINATION.--[The]
139	139	A. A defendant's competency shall be
140	140	[professionally] evaluated by a [psychologist or psychiatrist
141	141	or other] qualified professional recognized by the district
142	142	court as an expert. [and a report shall be submitted ] The
143	143	qualified professional who evaluates a defendant's competency
144	144	shall prepare an evaluation report and submit the report as
145	145	ordered by the court.
146	146	B. An evaluation report shall include a qualified
147	147	professional's opinion as to whether a defendant is competent
148	148	to stand trial and has:
149	149	(1) a sufficient, present ability to consult
150	150	with the defendant's lawyer with a reasonable degree of
151	151	rational understanding;
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180	180	(2) a rational and factual understanding of
181	181	the proceedings against the defendant; and
182	182	(3) the capacity to assist in the defendant's
183	183	own defense and to comprehend the reasons for punishment.
184	184	C. If a qualified professional believes a defendant
185	185	is not competent to stand trial, an evaluation report shall
186	186	include the qualified professional's opinion as to whether the
187	187	defendant:
188	188	(1) satisfies the criteria for involuntary
189	189	commitment in accordance with the Mental Health and
190	190	Developmental Disabilities Code and whether:
191	191	(a) as a result of a mental disorder,
192	192	the defendant presents a likelihood of serious harm to the
193	193	defendant's self or others;
194	194	(b) the defendant needs and is likely to
195	195	benefit from involuntary commitment and treatment; and
196	196	(c) the proposed commitment is
197	197	consistent with the treatment needs of the defendant and with
198	198	the least drastic means principle; or
199	199	(2) satisfies the criteria for involuntary
200	200	treatment in accordance with the Assisted Outpatient Treatment
201	201	Act and whether the defendant:
202	202	(a) has a primary diagnosis of a mental
203	203	disorder;
204	204	(b) has demonstrated a history of lack
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233	233	of compliance with treatment for a mental disorder;
234	234	(c) is unwilling or unlikely, as a
235	235	result of a mental disorder, to voluntarily participate in
236	236	outpatient treatment that would enable the person to live
237	237	safely in the community without court supervision;
238	238	(d) is in need of assisted outpatient
239	239	treatment as the least restrictive appropriate alternative to
240	240	prevent a relapse or deterioration likely to result in serious
241	241	harm to the defendant's self or others; and
242	242	(e) will likely benefit from assisted
243	243	outpatient treatment and have the defendant's best interests
244	244	served.
245	245	D. A competency hearing [on the issue of the
246	246	competency of] shall be held:
247	247	(1) within thirty days from the date an
248	248	evaluation report is submitted to the court for an incarcerated
249	249	defendant charged with a felony; [shall be held by the district
250	250	court within a reasonable time, but in no event later than
251	251	thirty days after notification to the court of completion of
252	252	the diagnostic evaluation. In the case of ]
253	253	(2) within ten days from the date an
254	254	evaluation report is submitted to the court for an incarcerated
255	255	defendant not charged with a felony; [the court shall hold a
256	256	hearing and determine his competency within ten days of
257	257	notification to the court of completion of the diagnostic
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286	286	evaluation] and
287	287	(3) within a reasonable time after an
288	288	evaluation report is submitted to the court for a defendant who
289	289	is not incarcerated."
290	290	SECTION 3. Section 31-9-1.2 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1988,
291	291	Chapter 107, Section 3 and Laws 1988, Chapter 108, Section 3,
292	292	as amended) is amended to read:
293	293	"31-9-1.2. DETERMINATION OF COMPETENCY--COMMITMENT--
294	294	REPORT.--
295	295	A. [When] If, after a competency hearing, a court
296	296	determines that a defendant is not competent to [proceed in a
297	297	criminal case and the court does not find that ] stand trial,
298	298	the court shall determine if the defendant is dangerous. A
299	299	defendant who is not competent is dangerous if the court finds
300	300	by clear and convincing evidence that the defendant presents a
301	301	serious threat of:
302	302	(1) inflicting great bodily harm, as defined
303	303	in Section 30-1-12 NMSA 1978, on another person;
304	304	(2) committing criminal sexual penetration, as
305	305	provided in Section 30-9-11 NMSA 1978;
306	306	(3) committing criminal sexual contact of a
307	307	minor, as provided in Section 30-9-13 NMSA 1978;
308	308	(4) committing abuse of a child, as provided
309	309	in Subsection D of Section 30-6-1 NMSA 1978;
310	310	(5) violating a provision of the Sexual
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339	339	Exploitation of Children Act;
340	340	(6) committing human trafficking, as provided
341	341	in Section 30-52-1 NMSA 1978;
342	342	(7) committing a felony involving the use of a
343	343	firearm; or
344	344	(8) committing aggravated arson, as provided
345	345	in Section 30-17-6 NMSA 1978.
346	346	B. If the court determines that a defendant is not
347	347	dangerous, the court may order the defendant to participate in
348	348	a community-based competency restoration program or dismiss the
349	349	criminal case without prejudice in the interests of justice;
350	350	[Upon dismissal the court may advise, the district attorney to
351	351	consider initiation of proceedings under the Mental Health and
352	352	Developmental Disabilities Code and order the defendant
353	353	confined for a maximum of seven days to facilitate preparation
354	354	and initiation of a petition pursuant to that code ] provided
355	355	that if the court dismisses the case, the court may:
356	356	(1) advise the district attorney to consider
357	357	the initiation of involuntary civil commitment proceedings in
358	358	accordance with the Mental Health and Developmental
359	359	Disabilities Code and may detain the defendant for a maximum of
360	360	seven days to facilitate initiation of those proceedings; or
361	361	(2) advise the district attorney to consider
362	362	initiation of proceedings in accordance with the Assisted
363	363	Outpatient Treatment Act but may not detain the defendant for
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392	392	that purpose.
393	393	C. A community-based competency restoration program
394	394	shall be approved by the court and provided in an outpatient
395	395	setting in the community where a defendant resides. A court
396	396	may order a defendant to participate in a community-based
397	397	competency restoration program for no longer than ninety days,
398	398	and:
399	399	(1) within thirty days of the date that the
400	400	defendant was ordered to competency restoration, the person
401	401	supervising the defendant's competency restoration program
402	402	shall submit a progress report to the court and both parties
403	403	that includes:
404	404	(a) an initial assessment of the
405	405	defendant and a description of the competency restoration
406	406	programming that will be provided to the defendant;
407	407	(b) a report on the defendant's
408	408	amenability to competency restoration;
409	409	(c) an assessment of the program's
410	410	capacity to provide appropriate programming for the defendant;
411	411	(d) an opinion as to the probability of
412	412	the defendant being restored to competency within ninety days
413	413	from the date that the court ordered the defendant's
414	414	participation in the community-based competency restoration
415	415	program; and
416	416	(e) an opinion as to whether the
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445	445	defendant satisfies the criteria for involuntary treatment in
446	446	accordance with the Assisted Outpatient Treatment Act and
447	447	whether the defendant: 1) has a primary diagnosis of a mental
448	448	disorder; 2) has demonstrated a history or lack of compliance
449	449	with treatment for a mental disorder; 3) is unwilling or
450	450	unlikely, as a result of a mental disorder, to voluntarily
451	451	participate in outpatient treatment that would enable the
452	452	defendant to live safely in the community without court
453	453	supervision; 4) is in need of assisted outpatient treatment as
454	454	the least restrictive appropriate alternative to prevent a
455	455	relapse or deterioration likely to result in serious harm to
456	456	the defendant's self or others; and 5) will likely benefit from
457	457	assisted outpatient treatment and have the defendant's best
458	458	interests served;
459	459	(2) no later than ninety days from the date
460	460	that the court ordered the defendant to participate in a
461	461	community-based competency restoration program, the court shall
462	462	hold a review hearing and determine if the defendant has been
463	463	restored to competency and at least seven days prior to the
464	464	review hearing, the person providing outpatient treatment and
465	465	services to the defendant shall submit a written report that
466	466	includes:
467	467	(a) an opinion as to whether the
468	468	defendant has been restored to competency;
469	469	(b) if the defendant is receiving
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498	498	medication, information from the prescribing physician about
499	499	the type, dosage and effect of the medication on the
500	500	defendant's appearance, actions and demeanor;
501	501	(c) if the defendant remains not
502	502	competent, an opinion as to whether the defendant satisfies the
503	503	criteria for involuntary commitment in accordance with the
504	504	Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Code and whether:
505	505	1) as a result of mental disorder, the defendant presents a
506	506	likelihood of serious harm to the defendant's self or others;
507	507	2) the defendant needs and is likely to benefit from
508	508	involuntary commitment and treatment; and 3) the proposed
509	509	commitment is consistent with the treatment needs of the
510	510	defendant and with the least drastic means principle; and
511	511	(d) if the defendant remains not
512	512	competent, an opinion as to whether the defendant satisfies the
513	513	criteria for involuntary treatment in accordance with the
514	514	Assisted Outpatient Treatment Act and whether the defendant:
515	515	1) has a primary diagnosis of a mental disorder; 2) has
516	516	demonstrated a history of lack of compliance with treatment for
517	517	a mental disorder; 3) is unwilling or unlikely, as a result of
518	518	a mental disorder, to voluntarily participate in outpatient
519	519	treatment that would enable the defendant to live safely in the
520	520	community without court supervision; 4) is in need of assisted
521	521	outpatient treatment as the least restrictive appropriate
522	522	alternative to prevent a relapse or deterioration likely to
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551	551	result in serious harm to the defendant's self or others; and
552	552	5) will likely benefit from assisted outpatient treatment and
553	553	have the defendant's best interests served; and
554	554	(3) if, after a review hearing, the court
555	555	finds that the defendant is competent, the case shall proceed
556	556	to trial, but if the court finds that the defendant remains not
557	557	competent, the case shall be dismissed without prejudice and
558	558	the court may advise the district attorney to consider
559	559	initiating proceedings in accordance with the Mental Health and
560	560	Developmental Disabilities Code or the Assisted Outpatient
561	561	Treatment Act.
562	562	[B. When a district] D. If the court determines
563	563	that a [defendant charged with a felony is incompetent to
564	564	proceed in the criminal case, but does not dismiss the criminal
565	565	case, and the district court at that time makes a specific
566	566	finding that the] defendant who is not competent is dangerous,
567	567	the district court may commit the defendant as provided in this
568	568	section for [treatment to attain competency to proceed in a
569	569	criminal case. The court shall enter an appropriate transport
570	570	order that also provides for return of the defendant to the
571	571	local facilities of the court upon completion of the
572	572	treatment. The defendant so committed ] competency restoration.
573	573	If the court orders commitment, the court shall enter a
574	574	transport order that provides for the defendant's return to the
575	575	local jail upon the defendant being restored to competency,
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604	604	completion of the competency restoration program or as
605	605	otherwise required by the court. A defendant committed for
606	606	competency restoration shall be provided with treatment
607	607	available to [involuntarily committed ] persons subject to civil
608	608	commitment, and:
609	609	(1) [the defendant] shall be detained by the
610	610	department of health in a secure, locked facility; and
611	611	(2) [the defendant, during the period of
612	612	commitment] shall not be released from that [secure ] facility
613	613	except pursuant to an order of the [district ] court that
614	614	committed [him] the defendant.
615	615	[C.] E. The department of health shall admit a
616	616	defendant for competency restoration within thirty days of
617	617	receipt of the court's commitment order. [of commitment of an
618	618	incompetent defendant and of the necessary and available
619	619	documents reasonably required for admission pursuant to written
620	620	policies adopted by the secretary of health or his designee,
621	621	the defendant shall be admitted to a facility designated for
622	622	the treatment of defendants who are incompetent to stand trial
623	623	and dangerous. If after conducting an investigation ] If the
624	624	secretary of health or the secretary's designee determines that
625	625	the department of health does not have the ability to meet the
626	626	[medical] needs of [a] the defendant [ordered committed to a
627	627	facility], the secretary or [his ] the secretary's designee may
628	628	refuse admission [to the defendant upon ] by providing written
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657	657	certification to the committing court and the parties of the
658	658	[lack of ability] department's inability to meet the [medical ]
659	659	needs of the defendant. The certification [must ] shall be made
660	660	within fourteen days of the receipt of the court's commitment
661	661	order [of commitment and necessary and available documents
662	662	reasonably required for admission pursuant to written policies
663	663	adopted by the secretary or his designee ]. Within ten days of
664	664	filing of the certification, the court shall conduct a hearing
665	665	for further disposition of the criminal case.
666	666	[D. As used in Sections 31-9-1 through 31-9-1.5
667	667	NMSA 1978, "dangerous" means that, if released, the defendant
668	668	presents a serious threat of inflicting great bodily harm on
669	669	another or of violating Section 30-9-11 or 30-9-13 NMSA 1978.
670	670	E.] F. Within thirty days of [an incompetent ] a
671	671	defendant's admission to a department of health facility [to
672	672	undergo treatment to attain competency to proceed in a criminal
673	673	case, the person supervising the defendant's treatment ] for
674	674	competency restoration, the department shall file with the
675	675	[district] court, the state and the defense:
676	676	(1) an initial assessment of the defendant and
677	677	treatment plan; [and]
678	678	(2) a report on the defendant's amenability to
679	679	[treatment to render him competent to proceed in a criminal
680	680	case] competency restoration ;
681	681	(3) an assessment of the [facility's or
682	682	.229310.5
683	683	- 13 - underscored material = new
684	684	[bracketed material] = delete
685	685	1
686	686	2
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710	710	program's] department's capacity to provide appropriate
711	711	treatment for the defendant; and
712	712	(4) an opinion as to the probability of the
713	713	[defendant's attaining ] defendant being restored to competency
714	714	within [a period of] nine months from the date [of the original
715	715	finding of incompetency to proceed in a criminal case ] the
716	716	court determined the defendant is not competent to stand
717	717	trial."
718	718	SECTION 4. Section 31-9-1.3 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1988,
719	719	Chapter 107, Section 4 and Laws 1988, Chapter 108, Section 4,
720	720	as amended) is amended to read:
721	721	"31-9-1.3. DETERMINATION OF COMPETENCY--NINETY-DAY
722	722	REVIEW--REPORTS--CONTINUING TREATMENT.--
723	723	A. Within ninety days [of the entry of the order
724	724	committing an incompetent defendant to undergo treatment, the
725	725	district court] after a court issues an order committing a
726	726	defendant for competency restoration, the court , sitting
727	727	without a jury, shall conduct a review hearing, unless waived
728	728	by the defense, and shall determine:
729	729	(1) whether the defendant [is competent to
730	730	proceed in the criminal case; and, if not ] has been restored to
731	731	competency or remains not competent to stand trial ;
732	732	(2) if the defendant remains not competent ,
733	733	whether the defendant is making progress [under treatment ]
734	734	toward [attainment of ] being restored to competency within nine
735	735	.229310.5
736	736	- 14 - underscored material = new
737	737	[bracketed material] = delete
738	738	1
739	739	2
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761	761	24
762	762	25
763	763	months from the date [of the original finding of incompetency ]
764	764	the court determined the defendant is not competent to stand
765	765	trial; and
766	766	(3) whether the defendant remains dangerous as
767	767	[that term is defined in ] determined by the court in accordance
768	768	with Section 31-9-1.2 NMSA 1978.
769	769	B. At least seven days prior to the review hearing,
770	770	the [treatment supervisor ] department of health shall submit a
771	771	written progress report to the court, the state and the defense
772	772	[indicating] that includes:
773	773	(1) the clinical findings [of the treatment
774	774	supervisor] regarding the defendant's progress toward
775	775	competency restoration and the facts upon which the findings
776	776	are based;
777	777	(2) [the] an opinion [of the treatment
778	778	supervisor] as to whether the defendant has [attained ] been
779	779	restored to competency or as to whether the defendant is making
780	780	progress [under treatment ] toward [attaining] being restored to
781	781	competency within nine months from the date [of the original
782	782	finding of incompetency ] the court determined the defendant is
783	783	not competent to stand trial and whether there is a substantial
784	784	probability that the defendant will [attain ] be restored to
785	785	competency within nine months from the date [of the original
786	786	finding of incompetency ] the court determined the defendant is
787	787	not competent to stand trial ;
788	788	.229310.5
789	789	- 15 - underscored material = new
790	790	[bracketed material] = delete
791	791	1
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814	814	24
815	815	25
816	816	(3) an opinion as to whether the defendant
817	817	[is] remains dangerous as [that term is defined in ] determined
818	818	by the court in accordance with Section 31-9-1.2 NMSA 1978 [or
819	819	whether the defendant satisfies the criteria for involuntary
820	820	commitment contained in the Mental Health and Developmental
821	821	Disabilities Code and ];
822	822	(4) if the defendant is receiving medication,
823	823	information from the prescribing physician indicating the type,
824	824	the dosage and the effect of the medication on the defendant's
825	825	appearance, actions and demeanor;
826	826	(5) if the department of health believes the
827	827	defendant remains not competent, an opinion as to whether the
828	828	defendant satisfies the criteria for involuntary commitment in
829	829	accordance with the Mental Health and Developmental
830	830	Disabilities Code and whether:
831	831	(a) as a result of a mental disorder,
832	832	the defendant presents a likelihood of serious harm to the
833	833	defendant's self or others;
834	834	(b) the defendant needs and is likely to
835	835	benefit from involuntary commitment and treatment; and
836	836	(c) the proposed commitment is
837	837	consistent with the treatment needs of the defendant and with
838	838	the least drastic means principle; and
839	839	(6) if the department of health believes the
840	840	defendant remains not competent, an opinion as to whether the
841	841	.229310.5
842	842	- 16 - underscored material = new
843	843	[bracketed material] = delete
844	844	1
845	845	2
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867	867	24
868	868	25
869	869	defendant satisfies the criteria for involuntary treatment in
870	870	accordance with the Assisted Outpatient Treatment Act and
871	871	whether the defendant:
872	872	(a) has a primary diagnosis of a mental
873	873	disorder;
874	874	(b) has demonstrated a history of lack
875	875	of compliance with treatment for a mental disorder;
876	876	(c) is unwilling or unlikely, as a
877	877	result of a mental disorder, to voluntarily participate in
878	878	outpatient treatment that would enable the person to live
879	879	safely in the community without court supervision;
880	880	(d) is in need of assisted outpatient
881	881	treatment as the least restrictive appropriate alternative to
882	882	prevent a relapse or deterioration likely to result in serious
883	883	harm to the defendant's self or others; and
884	884	(e) will likely benefit from assisted
885	885	outpatient treatment and have the defendant's best interests
886	886	served.
887	887	C. If the district court finds that the defendant
888	888	[to be competent] is restored to competency , the district court
889	889	shall set the matter for trial; provided that if the defendant
890	890	is in need of continued care or treatment and the [supervisor
891	891	of the defendant's treatment ] department of health agrees to
892	892	continue to provide it, the district court may [enter any ]
893	893	order [it deems appropriate for the ] continued care or
894	894	.229310.5
895	895	- 17 - underscored material = new
896	896	[bracketed material] = delete
897	897	1
898	898	2
899	899	3
900	900	4
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902	902	6
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919	919	23
920	920	24
921	921	25
922	922	treatment of the defendant [by the facility or program pending ]
923	923	until the conclusion of the criminal proceedings.
924	924	D. If the district court finds that the defendant
925	925	[is still] remains not competent [to proceed in a criminal
926	926	case] but that [he] the defendant is making progress toward
927	927	[attaining] being restored to competency, the district court
928	928	may continue or modify its original [treatment ] commitment
929	929	order entered pursuant to Section 31-9-1.2 NMSA 1978; provided
930	930	that:
931	931	(1) the question of the defendant's competency
932	932	shall be reviewed again not later than nine months from the
933	933	[original determination of incompetency to proceed in a
934	934	criminal case] date the court determined the defendant is not
935	935	competent to stand trial ; and
936	936	(2) the [treatment supervisor ] department of
937	937	health shall submit a written progress report as specified in
938	938	Subsection B of this section at least seven days prior to such
939	939	hearing.
940	940	E. If the district court finds that the defendant
941	941	[is still] remains not competent, that [he ] the defendant is
942	942	not making progress toward [attaining ] being restored to
943	943	competency and that there is not a substantial probability that
944	944	[he] the defendant will [attain] be restored to competency
945	945	within nine months from the date [of the original finding of
946	946	incompetency the district court ] the court determined the
947	947	.229310.5
948	948	- 18 - underscored material = new
949	949	[bracketed material] = delete
950	950	1
951	951	2
952	952	3
953	953	4
954	954	5
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970	970	21
971	971	22
972	972	23
973	973	24
974	974	25
975	975	defendant is not competent to stand trial, the court shall
976	976	proceed pursuant to Section 31-9-1.4 NMSA 1978. However, if
977	977	the defendant is in need of continued care and treatment and
978	978	the [supervisor of the defendant's treatment ] department of
979	979	health agrees to continue to provide it, the district court may
980	980	[enter any] order [it deems appropriate for the ] continued care
981	981	or treatment of the defendant by the [facility or program
982	982	pending] department until the conclusion of the criminal
983	983	proceedings."
984	984	SECTION 5. Section 31-9-1.4 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1988,
985	985	Chapter 107, Section 5 and Laws 1988, Chapter 108, Section 5,
986	986	as amended) is amended to read:
987	987	"31-9-1.4. DETERMINATION OF COMPETENCY--INCOMPETENT
988	988	DEFENDANTS.--If at any time the district court determines that
989	989	there is not a substantial probability that the defendant will
990	990	[become competent to proceed in a criminal case within a
991	991	reasonable period of time not to exceed nine months from the
992	992	date of the original finding of incompetency ] be restored to
993	993	competency within nine months from the date the court
994	994	determined the defendant is not competent to stand trial , the
995	995	district court may:
996	996	A. [hear the matter pursuant to ] hold a criminal
997	997	commitment hearing in accordance with Section 31-9-1.5 NMSA
998	998	1978 within three months if the defendant is charged with [a
999	999	felony that involves the infliction of great bodily harm on
1000	1000	.229310.5
1001	1001	- 19 - underscored material = new
1002	1002	[bracketed material] = delete
1003	1003	1
1004	1004	2
1005	1005	3
1006	1006	4
1007	1007	5
1008	1008	6
1009	1009	7
1010	1010	8
1011	1011	9
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1023	1023	21
1024	1024	22
1025	1025	23
1026	1026	24
1027	1027	25
1028	1028	another person; a felony that involves the use of a firearm;
1029	1029	aggravated arson, as provided in Section 30-17-6 NMSA 1978;
1030	1030	criminal sexual penetration, as provided in Section 30-9-11
1031	1031	NMSA 1978; or criminal sexual contact of a minor, as provided
1032	1032	in Section 30-9-13 NMSA 1978 ]:
1033	1033	(1) a felony involving infliction of great
1034	1034	bodily harm, as defined in Section 30-1-12 NMSA 1978, on
1035	1035	another person;
1036	1036	(2) criminal sexual penetration, as provided
1037	1037	in Section 30-9-11 NMSA 1978;
1038	1038	(3) criminal sexual contact of a minor, as
1039	1039	provided in Section 30-9-13 NMSA 1978;
1040	1040	(4) abuse of a child, as provided in
1041	1041	Subsection D of Section 30-6-1 NMSA 1978;
1042	1042	(5) a crime provided for in the Sexual
1043	1043	Exploitation of Children Act;
1044	1044	(6) human trafficking, as provided in Section
1045	1045	30-52-1 NMSA 1978;
1046	1046	(7) a felony involving the use of a firearm ;
1047	1047	or
1048	1048	(8) aggravated arson, as provided in Section
1049	1049	30-17-6 NMSA 1978;
1050	1050	B. release the defendant from custody and dismiss
1051	1051	the criminal case with prejudice [the charges against him ]; or
1052	1052	C. dismiss the criminal case without prejudice in
1053	1053	.229310.5
1054	1054	- 20 - underscored material = new
1055	1055	[bracketed material] = delete
1056	1056	1
1057	1057	2
1058	1058	3
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1078	1078	23
1079	1079	24
1080	1080	25
1081	1081	the interest of justice; provided that if the [treatment
1082	1082	supervisor has issued a report finding ] department of health
1083	1083	reports to the court that the defendant satisfies the criteria
1084	1084	for involuntary commitment [contained ] in accordance with the
1085	1085	Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Code, the
1086	1086	department of health shall [commence ] initiate those
1087	1087	proceedings [pursuant to Chapter 43, Article 1 NMSA 1978 ], and
1088	1088	the court may order the defendant confined for a maximum of
1089	1089	seven days to facilitate [preparation and ] the initiation of [a
1090	1090	petition pursuant to the Mental Health and Developmental
1091	1091	Disabilities code. The district court may refer the defendant
1092	1092	to the district attorney for possible initiation of proceedings
1093	1093	under the Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Code ]
1094	1094	those proceedings; and provided further that the district
1095	1095	attorney may initiate involuntary commitment proceedings in the
1096	1096	department's stead."
1097	1097	SECTION 6. Section 31-9-1.5 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1988,
1098	1098	Chapter 107, Section 6 and Laws 1988, Chapter 108, Section 6,
1099	1099	as amended) is amended to read:
1100	1100	"31-9-1.5. DETERMINATION OF COMPETENCY--CRIMINAL
1101	1101	COMMITMENT--EVIDENTIARY HEARING.--
1102	1102	A. [As provided for in Subsection A of Section
1103	1103	31-9-1.4 NMSA 1978, A ] If the court determines that there is
1104	1104	not a substantial probability that a defendant not competent to
1105	1105	stand trial will be restored to competency, a commitment
1106	1106	.229310.5
1107	1107	- 21 - underscored material = new
1108	1108	[bracketed material] = delete
1109	1109	1
1110	1110	2
1111	1111	3
1112	1112	4
1113	1113	5
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1131	1131	23
1132	1132	24
1133	1133	25
1134	1134	hearing to determine the sufficiency of the evidence of the
1135	1135	defendant's guilt shall be held if [the case is not dismissed
1136	1136	and if] the defendant is charged with [a felony that involves
1137	1137	the infliction of great bodily harm on another person; a felony
1138	1138	that involves the use of a firearm; aggravated arson, as
1139	1139	provided in Section 30-17-6 NMSA 1978; criminal sexual
1140	1140	penetration, as provided in Section 30-9-11 NMSA 1978; or
1141	1141	criminal sexual contact of a minor, as provided in Section
1142	1142	30-9-13 NMSA 1978. Such ]:
1143	1143	(1) a felony involving infliction of great
1144	1144	bodily harm, as defined in Section 30-1-12 NMSA 1978, on
1145	1145	another person;
1146	1146	(2) criminal sexual penetration, as provided
1147	1147	in Section 30-9-11 NMSA 1978;
1148	1148	(3) criminal sexual contact of a minor, as
1149	1149	provided in Section 30-9-13 NMSA 1978;
1150	1150	(4) abuse of a child, as provided in
1151	1151	Subsection D of Section 30-6-1 NMSA 1978;
1152	1152	(5) a crime provided for in the Sexual
1153	1153	Exploitation of Children Act;
1154	1154	(6) human trafficking, as provided in Section
1155	1155	30-52-1 NMSA 1978;
1156	1156	(7) a felony involving the use of a firearm;
1157	1157	or
1158	1158	(8) aggravated arson, as provided in Section
1159	1159	.229310.5
1160	1160	- 22 - underscored material = new
1161	1161	[bracketed material] = delete
1162	1162	1
1163	1163	2
1164	1164	3
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1184	1184	23
1185	1185	24
1186	1186	25
1187	1187	30-17-6 NMSA 1978.
1188	1188	B. A criminal commitment hearing shall be conducted
1189	1189	by the district court without a jury. The state and the
1190	1190	defendant may introduce evidence relevant to the question of
1191	1191	the defendant's guilt of the crime charged. The district court
1192	1192	may admit hearsay or affidavit evidence on secondary matters
1193	1193	such as testimony to establish the chain of possession of
1194	1194	physical evidence, laboratory reports, authentication of
1195	1195	transcripts taken by official reporters, district court and
1196	1196	business records and public documents.
1197	1197	[B.] C. If the evidence does not establish by clear
1198	1198	and convincing evidence that the defendant committed [a felony
1199	1199	that involves the infliction of great bodily harm on another
1200	1200	person; a felony that involves the use of a firearm; aggravated
1201	1201	arson, as provided in Section 30-17-6 NMSA 1978; criminal
1202	1202	sexual penetration, as provided in Section 30-9-11 NMSA 1978;
1203	1203	or criminal sexual contact of a minor, as provided in Section
1204	1204	30-9-13 NMSA 1978] the crime charged, the district court shall
1205	1205	dismiss the criminal case with prejudice. [however, nothing in
1206	1206	this section shall prevent the state from initiating
1207	1207	proceedings under the provisions of the Mental Health and
1208	1208	Developmental Disabilities Code, and the court may order the
1209	1209	defendant confined for a maximum of seven days to facilitate
1210	1210	preparation and initiation of a petition pursuant to that code .
1211	1211	C.] D. If the district court finds by clear and
1212	1212	.229310.5
1213	1213	- 23 - underscored material = new
1214	1214	[bracketed material] = delete
1215	1215	1
1216	1216	2
1217	1217	3
1218	1218	4
1219	1219	5
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1221	1221	7
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1237	1237	23
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1239	1239	25
1240	1240	convincing evidence that the defendant committed [a ] the crime
1241	1241	charged and has not made a finding of dangerousness [pursuant
1242	1242	to] in accordance with Section 31-9-1.2 NMSA 1978, the district
1243	1243	court shall dismiss the [charges ] criminal case without
1244	1244	prejudice. [The state may initiate proceedings pursuant to the
1245	1245	provisions of the Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities
1246	1246	Code and the court may order the defendant confined for a
1247	1247	maximum of seven days to facilitate preparation and initiation
1248	1248	of a petition pursuant to that code.
1249	1249	D.] E. If the district court finds by clear and
1250	1250	convincing evidence that the defendant committed [a felony that
1251	1251	involves the infliction of great bodily harm on another person;
1252	1252	a felony that involves the use of a firearm; aggravated arson,
1253	1253	as provided in Section 30-17-6 NMSA 1978; criminal sexual
1254	1254	penetration, as provided in Section 30-9-11 NMSA 1978; or
1255	1255	criminal sexual contact of a minor, as provided in Section
1256	1256	30-9-13 NMSA 1978] the crime charged and enters a finding that
1257	1257	the defendant remains [incompetent to proceed ] not competent to
1258	1258	stand trial and remains dangerous [pursuant to ] as determined
1259	1259	by the court in accordance with Section 31-9-1.2 NMSA 1978:
1260	1260	(1) the defendant shall be detained by the
1261	1261	department of health in a secure, locked facility;
1262	1262	(2) the defendant shall not be released from
1263	1263	that secure facility except pursuant to an order of the
1264	1264	[district] court [which] that committed [him] the defendant or
1265	1265	.229310.5
1266	1266	- 24 - underscored material = new
1267	1267	[bracketed material] = delete
1268	1268	1
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1293	1293	upon expiration of the period of time equal to the maximum
1294	1294	sentence to which the defendant would have been subject had the
1295	1295	defendant been convicted in a criminal proceeding;
1296	1296	(3) significant changes in the defendant's
1297	1297	condition, including [but not limited to ] trial competency and
1298	1298	dangerousness, shall be reported in writing to the district
1299	1299	court, state and defense; and
1300	1300	(4) at least every two years, the district
1301	1301	court shall conduct a hearing upon notice to the parties and
1302	1302	the department of health charged with detaining the defendant.
1303	1303	At the hearing, the court shall enter findings on the issues of
1304	1304	trial competency and dangerousness:
1305	1305	(a) upon a finding that the defendant is
1306	1306	competent to proceed in a criminal case, the court shall
1307	1307	continue with the criminal proceeding;
1308	1308	(b) if the defendant continues to [be
1309	1309	incompetent to proceed in a criminal case ] remain not competent
1310	1310	to stand trial and dangerous [pursuant to ] in accordance with
1311	1311	Section 31-9-1.2 NMSA 1978, the court shall review the
1312	1312	defendant's competency and dangerousness every two years until
1313	1313	expiration of the period of commitment equal to the maximum
1314	1314	sentence to which the defendant would have been subject had [he
1315	1315	or she] the defendant been convicted in a criminal proceeding;
1316	1316	[provided that if the treatment supervisor recommends that the
1317	1317	defendant be committed pursuant to the Mental Health and
1318	1318	.229310.5
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1346	1346	Developmental Disabilities Code, the court may at any time
1347	1347	proceed pursuant to Subsection C of Section 31-9-1.4 NMSA 1978 ]
1348	1348	and
1349	1349	(c) [if the defendant is not committed
1350	1350	pursuant to Sections 31-9-1 through 31-9-1.5 NMSA 1978 or ] if
1351	1351	the court finds upon its two-year review hearing that the
1352	1352	defendant is no longer dangerous, [as defined in Section
1353	1353	31-9-1.2 NMSA 1978] the defendant shall be released.
1354	1354	F. At any time, including after a court dismisses a
1355	1355	case against a defendant, the department of health or the
1356	1356	district attorney may initiate involuntary commitment
1357	1357	proceedings in accordance with the Mental Health and
1358	1358	Developmental Disabilities Code or proceedings in accordance
1359	1359	with the Assisted Outpatient Treatment Act. If the district
1360	1360	attorney indicates an intent to initiate involuntary commitment
1361	1361	proceedings in accordance with the Mental Health and
1362	1362	Developmental Disabilities Code, the court may detain the
1363	1363	defendant for a maximum of seven days only to facilitate the
1364	1364	initiation of those proceedings. "
1365	1365	SECTION 7. Section 31-9-1.6 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1997,
1366	1366	Chapter 153, Section 1, as amended) is amended to read:
1367	1367	"31-9-1.6. HEARING TO DETERMINE DEVELOPMENTAL OR
1368	1368	INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.--
1369	1369	A. Upon motion of the defense, [requesting a
1370	1370	ruling] the court shall hold a hearing to determine whether the
1371	1371	.229310.5
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1399	1399	defendant [has] is not competent due to a developmental or
1400	1400	intellectual disability as defined in Subsection E of this
1401	1401	section.
1402	1402	B. If the court finds by a preponderance of the
1403	1403	evidence that the defendant [has ] is not competent to stand
1404	1404	trial due to a developmental or intellectual disability and
1405	1405	that there is not a substantial probability that the defendant
1406	1406	will [become competent to proceed in a criminal case ] be
1407	1407	restored to competency within [a reasonable period of time not
1408	1408	to exceed] nine months from the date [of the original finding
1409	1409	of incompetency, then, no later than sixty days from
1410	1410	notification to the secretary of health or the secretary's
1411	1411	designee of the court's findings, the department of health
1412	1412	shall perform an evaluation to ] the court determined the
1413	1413	defendant is not competent to stand trial, the court shall
1414	1414	notify the department of health of the court's finding. Within
1415	1415	sixty days of receipt of the court's notification, the
1416	1416	department of health shall determine whether the defendant
1417	1417	presents a likelihood of serious harm to the defendant's self
1418	1418	or others.
1419	1419	C. If the department of health [evaluation results
1420	1420	in a finding] determines that the defendant presents a
1421	1421	likelihood of serious harm to self or others, [within sixty
1422	1422	days of the department's evaluation ] the department shall
1423	1423	[commence proceedings pursuant to Chapter 43, Article 1 NMSA
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1452	1452	1978] initiate involuntary commitment proceedings in accordance
1453	1453	with the Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Code if
1454	1454	the defendant [was] is charged with [murder in the first
1455	1455	degree, first degree criminal sexual penetration, criminal
1456	1456	sexual contact of a minor or arson in the initial proceedings,
1457	1457	and the court presiding over the initial proceedings shall
1458	1458	enter a finding that the respondent presents a likelihood of
1459	1459	harm to others]:
1460	1460	(1) a felony involving infliction of great
1461	1461	bodily harm, as defined in Section 30-1-12 NMSA 1978, on
1462	1462	another person;
1463	1463	(2) criminal sexual penetration, as provided
1464	1464	in Section 30-9-11 NMSA 1978;
1465	1465	(3) criminal sexual contact of a minor, as
1466	1466	provided in Section 30-9-13 NMSA 1978;
1467	1467	(4) abuse of a child, as provided in
1468	1468	Subsection D of Section 30-6-1 NMSA 1978;
1469	1469	(5) a crime provided for in the Sexual
1470	1470	Exploitation of Children Act;
1471	1471	(6) human trafficking, as provided in Section
1472	1472	30-52-1 NMSA 1978;
1473	1473	(7) a felony involving the use of a firearm;
1474	1474	or
1475	1475	(8) aggravated arson, as provided in Section
1476	1476	30-17-6 NMSA 1978.
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1505	1505	D. [The criminal charges shall be dismissed without
1506	1506	prejudice] After the [hearing pursuant to Chapter 43, Article 1
1507	1507	NMSA 1978] involuntary commitment hearing or upon expiration of
1508	1508	fourteen months from the court's initial determination that the
1509	1509	defendant is [incompetent to proceed in a criminal case ] not
1510	1510	competent to stand trial, the criminal case shall be dismissed
1511	1511	without prejudice.
1512	1512	E. As used in this section, "developmental or
1513	1513	intellectual disability" means significantly subaverage general
1514	1514	intellectual functioning existing concurrently with deficits in
1515	1515	adaptive behavior. An intelligence quotient of seventy or
1516	1516	below on a reliably administered intelligence quotient test
1517	1517	shall be presumptive evidence of developmental or intellectual
1518	1518	disability."
1519	1519	SECTION 8. Section 31-9-2 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1967,
1520	1520	Chapter 231, Section 3) is amended to read:
1521	1521	"31-9-2. COMPETENCY EVALUATION --MENTAL OR FUNCTIONAL
1522	1522	EXAMINATION.--
1523	1523	A. Upon motion of any defendant, the court shall
1524	1524	order a mental examination of the defendant before making any
1525	1525	determination of the defendant's competency. [under Sections
1526	1526	41-13-3 or 41-13-3.1 New Mexico Statutes Annotated, 1953
1527	1527	Compilation. Where] If the defendant is determined to be
1528	1528	indigent, the court shall pay for the costs of the examination
1529	1529	from funds available to the court.
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1558	1558	B. A court may authorize a district attorney or the
1559	1559	department of health to use a report of any examination ordered
1560	1560	before a determination of a defendant's competency to stand
1561	1561	trial for the purposes of initiating proceedings in accordance
1562	1562	with the Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Code or
1563	1563	the Assisted Outpatient Treatment Act. "
1564	1564	SECTION 9. Section 43-1B-4 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 2016,
1565	1565	Chapter 84, Section 4, as amended) is amended to read:
1566	1566	"43-1B-4. PETITION TO THE COURT.--
1567	1567	A. A petition for an order authorizing assisted
1568	1568	outpatient treatment may be filed in the district court for the
1569	1569	county in which the respondent is present or reasonably
1570	1570	believed to be present; provided that such district court is a
1571	1571	party to a memorandum of understanding with a participating
1572	1572	municipality or county.
1573	1573	B. A petition for an order authorizing assisted
1574	1574	outpatient treatment may be filed only by the following
1575	1575	persons:
1576	1576	(1) a person eighteen years of age or older
1577	1577	who resides with the respondent;
1578	1578	(2) the parent or spouse of the respondent;
1579	1579	(3) the sibling or child of the respondent;
1580	1580	provided that the sibling or child is eighteen years of age or
1581	1581	older;
1582	1582	(4) the director of a hospital where the
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1611	1611	respondent is hospitalized;
1612	1612	(5) the director of a public or charitable
1613	1613	organization or agency or a home where the respondent resides
1614	1614	and that provides mental health services to the respondent;
1615	1615	(6) a qualified professional who either
1616	1616	supervises the treatment of or treats the respondent for a
1617	1617	mental disorder or has supervised or treated the respondent for
1618	1618	a mental disorder within the past forty-eight months; [or ]
1619	1619	(7) a surrogate decision-maker; or
1620	1620	(8) a district attorney or the attorney
1621	1621	general.
1622	1622	C. The petition shall be entitled "In the Matter of
1623	1623	_______" and shall include:
1624	1624	(1) each criterion for assisted outpatient
1625	1625	treatment as set forth in Section 43-1B-3 NMSA 1978;
1626	1626	(2) facts that support the petitioner's belief
1627	1627	that the respondent meets each criterion; provided that the
1628	1628	hearing on the petition need not be limited to the stated
1629	1629	facts; and
1630	1630	(3) whether the respondent is present or is
1631	1631	reasonably believed to be present within the county where the
1632	1632	petition is filed.
1633	1633	D. The petition shall be accompanied by an
1634	1634	affidavit of a qualified professional that shall state that:
1635	1635	(1) the qualified professional has personally
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1664	1664	examined the respondent no more than [ten ] thirty days prior to
1665	1665	the filing of the petition, that the qualified professional
1666	1666	recommends assisted outpatient treatment for the respondent and
1667	1667	that the qualified professional is willing and able to testify
1668	1668	at the hearing on the petition either in person or by
1669	1669	contemporaneous transmission from a different location; or
1670	1670	(2) no more than ten days prior to the filing
1671	1671	of the petition, the qualified professional or the qualified
1672	1672	professional's designee has unsuccessfully attempted to
1673	1673	persuade the respondent to submit to an examination, that the
1674	1674	qualified professional has reason to believe that the
1675	1675	respondent meets the criteria for assisted outpatient treatment
1676	1676	and that the qualified professional is willing and able to
1677	1677	examine the respondent and testify at the hearing on the
1678	1678	petition either in person or by contemporaneous transmission
1679	1679	from a different location."
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