New Mexico 2025 Regular Session

New Mexico House Bill HB418 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.

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28	28	HOUSE BILL 418
29	29	57
30	30	TH LEGISLATURE
31	31	-
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33	33	STATE
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35	35	OF
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37	37	NEW
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39	39	MEXICO
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42	42	FIRST SESSION
43	43	,
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45	45	2025
46	46	INTRODUCED BY
47	47	Cristina Parajón
48	48	AN ACT
49	49	RELATING TO MOBILE HOMES; PROHIBITING INITIAL RENTAL AGREEMENTS
50	50	SHORTER THAN TWENTY-FOUR MONTHS; CLARIFYING NOTICE
51	51	REQUIREMENTS; INCREASING THE PERIOD IN WHICH A WRIT OF
52	52	RESTITUTION MAY BE SERVED AFTER JUDGMENT; PROHIBITING LANDLORDS
53	53	FROM UNREASONABLY RESTRICTING THE SALE OF A MOBILE HOME;
54	54	ELIMINATING A PARTY'S OPTION TO TERMINATE A DISPUTE RESOLUTION
55	55	PROCESS; REQUIRING LANDLORDS TO DISCLOSE A MAILING ADDRESS IN A
56	56	TERMINATION ACTION; INCREASING THE NOTICE PERIOD FOR NONPAYMENT
57	57	OF RENT; PROHIBITING LANDLORDS FROM INCREASING RENT DURING LAND
58	58	USE CHANGE NOTICE PERIODS; REQUIRING LANDLORDS TO PROVIDE
59	59	NOTICE OF LAND USE CHANGE HEARINGS; REVISING CIVIL REMEDIES;
60	60	INCREASING THE AMOUNT A TENANT MAY RECOVER; PRESCRIBING CIVIL
61	61	PENALTIES.
62	62	BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO:
63	63	.229463.4 underscored material = new
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90	90	SECTION 1. Section 47-10-3 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1983,
91	91	Chapter 122, Section 3, as amended) is amended to read:
92	92	"47-10-3. TENANCY--REQUIREMENTS--NOTICE TO QUIT.--
93	93	A. No tenancy or other lease or rental occupancy of
94	94	space in a mobile home park shall commence without a written
95	95	lease or rental agreement. [and ] The initial term of a written
96	96	agreement shall not be shorter than twenty-four months in
97	97	duration. A tenancy shall not be terminated except for cause
98	98	provided pursuant to Section 47-10-5 or 47-10-6 NMSA 1978. No
99	99	tenancy in a mobile home park shall be terminated until a
100	100	notice to quit has been served upon the mobile home resident.
101	101	The notice to quit shall be in writing directed to the resident
102	102	and in the form specified in this section. The form of notice
103	103	shall be deemed legally sufficient if it states:
104	104	(1) the name of the landlord or of the mobile
105	105	home park;
106	106	(2) the mailing address of the property;
107	107	(3) the location or space number upon which
108	108	the mobile home is situated;
109	109	(4) the county in which the mobile home is
110	110	situate; and
111	111	(5) the reason for the termination of the
112	112	tenancy and the date, place and circumstances of any acts
113	113	allegedly justifying the termination.
114	114	B. The notice to quit shall be served by delivering
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143	143	the notice to the mobile home tenant personally or by posting
144	144	the notice at the main entrance of the mobile home. If service
145	145	is made by posting the notice, a copy of the notice shall also
146	146	be sent by certified mail to the mobile home tenant, return
147	147	receipt requested. The date of a posting shall be included on
148	148	the posted notice and on the copy mailed to the mobile home
149	149	tenant and shall constitute the effective date of the notice.
150	150	C. For terminations initiated pursuant to
151	151	Subsections A, B and C of Section 47-10-5 NMSA 1978 , the tenant
152	152	shall be given a period of not less than thirty days from the
153	153	end of the rental period during which the termination notice
154	154	was served to cure any violation or remove any mobile home from
155	155	the premises [but which is automatically extended to sixty days
156	156	where the tenant must remove a multisection mobile home ]. For
157	157	terminations initiated pursuant to Subsection D of Section
158	158	47-10-5 NMSA 1978, the resident shall be given a period of not
159	159	less than thirty days from the end of the rental period during
160	160	which the termination notice was served to remove a mobile home
161	161	from the premises, but this period is automatically extended to
162	162	sixty days where the tenant must remove a multisection mobile
163	163	home. In those situations where a multisection mobile home is
164	164	being leased to or occupied by a person other than its owner
165	165	and in a manner contrary to the rules and regulations of the
166	166	landlord, [then, in that event ] the tenancy may be terminated
167	167	by the landlord upon giving a thirty-day notice to cure or quit
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196	196	instead of a sixty-day notice.
197	197	D. No lease shall contain any provision by which
198	198	the tenant waives [his ] the tenant's rights under the Mobile
199	199	Home Park Act, and any such waiver shall be deemed to be
200	200	contrary to public policy and shall be unenforceable and void.
201	201	Any lease, however, may provide for the termination of the
202	202	tenancy in accordance with the provisions of Subsection C of
203	203	this section.
204	204	E. No tenancy shall be terminated by a mobile home
205	205	park owner solely because of the size or age of the mobile
206	206	home.
207	207	F. A landlord that uses a rental agreement
208	208	containing provisions that violate the provisions of the Mobile
209	209	Home Park Act shall be liable for damages provided pursuant to
210	210	Section 47-10-23 NMSA 1978. "
211	211	SECTION 2. Section 47-10-4 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1983,
212	212	Chapter 122, Section 4) is amended to read:
213	213	"47-10-4. ACTION FOR TERMINATION.--
214	214	A. The action for termination shall be commenced
215	215	and prosecuted in the manner described in the Uniform Owner-
216	216	Resident Relations Act. The property description shall be
217	217	deemed legally sufficient if it states:
218	218	(1) the name and mailing address of the
219	219	landlord or of the mobile home park;
220	220	(2) the mailing address of the property;
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249	249	(3) the location or space number upon which
250	250	the mobile home is situated; and
251	251	(4) the county in which the mobile home is
252	252	situate.
253	253	B. Service of the summons shall be as specified in
254	254	Section 47-8-43 NMSA 1978. Service by posting shall be deemed
255	255	legally sufficient within the meaning of Section 47-8-43 NMSA
256	256	1978 if the summons is conspicuously affixed to the main
257	257	entrance of the mobile home.
258	258	C. Jurisdiction of courts in cases of forcible
259	259	entry, forcible detainer or unlawful detainer shall be as
260	260	specified in Section 47-8-49 NMSA 1978.
261	261	D. After commencement of the action and before
262	262	judgment, any person not already a party to the action who is
263	263	discovered to have a property interest in the mobile home shall
264	264	be allowed to enter into a stipulation with the landlord and be
265	265	bound thereby."
266	266	SECTION 3. Section 47-10-5 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1983,
267	267	Chapter 122, Section 5) is amended to read:
268	268	"47-10-5. REASONS FOR TERMINATION.--A tenancy shall be
269	269	terminated pursuant to the Mobile Home Park Act only for one or
270	270	more of the following reasons:
271	271	A. material failure of the tenant to comply with
272	272	local ordinances and state laws and regulations concerning
273	273	mobile homes if the tenant receives a notice of noncompliance
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302	302	from the appropriate government agency and fails to cure the
303	303	violation within the prescribed time period ;
304	304	B. material conduct of the tenant on the premises
305	305	[which] that constitutes [an] a substantial annoyance to other
306	306	tenants or interference with park management;
307	307	C. material failure of the tenant to comply with
308	308	written rules and regulations of the mobile home park either
309	309	established by the management in the rental agreement at the
310	310	inception of the tenancy or amended subsequently [thereto with
311	311	the consent of the tenant or amended subsequently thereto
312	312	without the consent of the tenant on thirty days' written
313	313	notice if the amended rules and regulations are reasonable,
314	314	except when local ordinances and state laws and regulations or
315	315	emergency situations require immediate compliance. However,
316	316	regulations applicable to recreational facilities may be
317	317	amended at the discretion of the management ] pursuant to the
318	318	provisions of the Mobile Home Park Act ;
319	319	D. condemnation or change of use of the mobile home
320	320	park. When the owner of a mobile home park is formally
321	321	notified by an appropriate governmental agency that [his ] the
322	322	owner's mobile home park is the subject of a condemnation
323	323	proceeding, the landlord shall, within seventeen days, notify
324	324	[his] the landlord's tenants in writing of the terms of the
325	325	condemnation notice [which he ] that the landlord receives; or
326	326	E. in those cases where the zoning law allows the
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355	355	landlord to change the use of [his ] the land without obtaining
356	356	the consent of the zoning authority and where such change of
357	357	use would result in eviction of inhabited mobile homes, the
358	358	landlord shall first give the owner of each mobile home subject
359	359	to [such] the eviction a written notice of [his ] the landlord's
360	360	intent to evict not less than [six ] twelve months prior to
361	361	[such] the change of use of the land, notice to be mailed to
362	362	each tenant. During the twelve-month period when the tenants
363	363	are preparing to find new home locations, rent shall not be
364	364	increased. In cases where the landlord must request a change
365	365	of use before local governmental bodies, the landlord shall
366	366	serve tenants written notice of the hearing for the proposed
367	367	change of use."
368	368	SECTION 4. Section 47-10-6 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1983,
369	369	Chapter 122, Section 6, as amended) is amended to read:
370	370	"47-10-6. NONPAYMENT OF RENT.--Any tenancy or other
371	371	estate at will or lease in a mobile home park may be terminated
372	372	upon the landlord's written notice to the tenant requiring, in
373	373	the alternative, payment of rent and utility charges or the
374	374	removal of the tenant's unit from the premises, within a period
375	375	of not less than [three ] thirty days after the date notice is
376	376	served or posted, for failure to pay rent when due. Rent shall
377	377	not be increased without sixty days' written notice to the
378	378	tenant."
379	379	SECTION 5. Section 47-10-9 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1983,
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408	408	Chapter 122, Section 9, as amended) is amended to read:
409	409	"47-10-9. REMEDIES.--
410	410	A. Upon granting judgment for possession by the
411	411	landlord in [a forcible entry and detainer action ] an action
412	412	pursuant to Section 47-10-4 NMSA 1978 , the court shall issue
413	413	the writ of restitution as provided in Section 47-8-46 NMSA
414	414	1978.
415	415	B. The notice of judgment shall state that at a
416	416	specified time, not less than [forty-eight hours ] ten days from
417	417	the entry of judgment, the sheriff will return to serve a writ
418	418	of restitution and superintend the peaceful and orderly removal
419	419	of the mobile home under that order of court. The notice of
420	420	judgment shall also advise the mobile home owner to prepare the
421	421	mobile home for removal from the premises by removing the
422	422	skirting, disconnecting utilities, attaching tires and
423	423	otherwise making the mobile home safe and ready for highway
424	424	travel.
425	425	C. Should the mobile home owner fail to have the
426	426	mobile home safe and ready for physical removal from the
427	427	premises or should inclement weather or other unforeseen
428	428	problems occur at the time specified in the notice of judgment,
429	429	the landlord and the sheriff may by written agreement extend
430	430	the time for the execution of the writ of restitution to allow
431	431	time for the landlord to arrange to have the necessary work
432	432	done or to permit the sheriff's execution of the writ of
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461	461	restitution at a time when weather or other conditions will
462	462	make removal less hazardous to the mobile home.
463	463	D. If the mobile home is not removed from the
464	464	landlord's land on behalf of the mobile home owner within the
465	465	time permitted by the writ of restitution, the landlord and the
466	466	sheriff shall have the right to take possession of the mobile
467	467	home for the purposes of removal and storage. The liability of
468	468	the landlord and the sheriff in that event shall be limited to
469	469	gross negligence or willful and wanton disregard of the
470	470	property rights of the mobile home owner. The responsibility
471	471	to prevent freezing and to prevent wind and weather damage to
472	472	the mobile home lies exclusively with those persons who have a
473	473	property interest in the mobile home.
474	474	E. Utility charges, other charges incurred by the
475	475	landlord for which the resident is liable to the landlord
476	476	pursuant to the provisions of a rental agreement, including
477	477	amounts awarded to the landlord in an action brought pursuant
478	478	to this section, rents and reasonable removal and storage
479	479	charges may be paid by any party in interest. Those charges
480	480	constitute a lien that will run with the mobile home. The lien
481	481	may be foreclosed in the same manner as a landlord's lien
482	482	created pursuant to Section 48-3-5 [NSMA ] NMSA 1978.
483	483	F. Prior to the issuance of the writ of
484	484	restitution, the court shall make a finding of fact that the
485	485	mobile home is or is not subject to the security interest of a
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514	514	first lienholder. A written statement on the mobile home
515	515	resident's owner's application for tenancy identifying a
516	516	lienholder by name and address shall be prima facie evidence of
517	517	the existence of the interest of the lienholder. If the
518	518	application for tenancy contains no information or states that
519	519	no liens exist, the landlord shall obtain a written title
520	520	search statement from the motor vehicle division of the
521	521	taxation and revenue department and the matter contained in
522	522	that document shall be conclusive evidence of the existence or
523	523	nonexistence of security interests in the mobile home.
524	524	G. If the court finds there is a security interest
525	525	in favor of a first lienholder on the mobile home subject to
526	526	the writ of restitution or if the mobile home has been
527	527	abandoned by the resident or possession of the mobile home has
528	528	been surrendered to the landlord by the resident, then, upon
529	529	receipt of the writ of restitution, the landlord shall notify
530	530	the first lienholder in writing that the landlord has obtained
531	531	a writ of restitution for the mobile home park space where the
532	532	mobile home is located or that the mobile home has been
533	533	abandoned or surrendered by the resident. The notice shall be
534	534	provided in accordance with the provisions of Subsection J of
535	535	this section and shall:
536	536	(1) state that an action for restitution has
537	537	been filed against the resident and the effective date of a
538	538	writ of restitution, if issued, or the date the mobile home was
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567	567	abandoned or voluntarily surrendered by the resident;
568	568	(2) disclose the amount of the utility
569	569	charges, other charges incurred by the landlord as provided in
570	570	the rental agreement, rents and reasonable removal and storage
571	571	charges, accruing daily rent calculated pursuant to this
572	572	section and the date upon which the resident is required to
573	573	make regular payments to the landlord; and
574	574	(3) attach a copy of the lease and the
575	575	landlord's rules and regulations that apply to the resident.
576	576	H. Notwithstanding the provisions of [the ]
577	577	Subsection E of this section, the landlord shall be entitled to
578	578	collect from the first lienholder only the utility charges,
579	579	other charges incurred by the landlord as provided in the
580	580	rental agreement and rents and reasonable removal and storage
581	581	charges accruing from [and after ] the date the landlord
582	582	provides the first lienholder the written notice prescribed
583	583	under Subsection G of this section. The first lienholder shall
584	584	notify the landlord within thirty days of receipt of the notice
585	585	whether it intends to pay the rents and charges collectible
586	586	under this subsection or remove the mobile home. The rents and
587	587	charges due under this subsection shall be prorated to the date
588	588	the mobile home is removed or the date a new lease with a new
589	589	resident becomes effective, and the first lienholder shall not
590	590	be liable for any rents and charges thereafter. The maximum
591	591	rent payable to the landlord under this subsection is a daily
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620	620	rate equal to one-thirtieth of the then-current lot rental
621	621	amount that would have been payable by the resident under the
622	622	lease. The maximum daily rent may be increased over time in
623	623	accordance with the notice requirements under the applicable
624	624	provisions of the Mobile Home Park Act. The first lienholder
625	625	shall have thirty days from the date notice is provided by the
626	626	landlord to pay the rent and charges accruing to the notice
627	627	date. Thereafter, the first lienholder shall pay the rent and
628	628	charges in accordance with the resident's lease. If the first
629	629	lienholder desires to remove the mobile home prior to a payment
630	630	due date, the first lienholder shall pay the rent and charges
631	631	accrued to the date of removal prior to removing the mobile
632	632	home.
633	633	I. If the first lienholder fails to pay the rent
634	634	and charges due as provided in Subsection H of this section,
635	635	the landlord may give the first lienholder notice of the
636	636	nonpayment in accordance with Section 47-10-6 NMSA 1978. If
637	637	the first lienholder fails to make payment within the time
638	638	period specified in the notice, the landlord may proceed
639	639	against the first lienholder by exercising the remedies granted
640	640	it under the Mobile Home Park Act. The landlord may also seek
641	641	any other remedies to which it is entitled by law. The
642	642	prevailing party in any action brought in an event to seek
643	643	relief under this section, including an action for damages, is
644	644	entitled to an award for reasonable attorney fees and costs
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673	673	incurred in the suit. Notwithstanding anything in this section
674	674	to the contrary, the judgment obtained in such an action, if in
675	675	favor of the landlord, constitutes a lien against the mobile
676	676	home having priority over the lien of the first lienholder.
677	677	The lien may be foreclosed pursuant to the procedures
678	678	pertaining to a landlord's lien created in Section 48-3-5 NMSA
679	679	1978.
680	680	J. Any notice required by this section between the
681	681	first lienholder and landlord shall be in writing and either
682	682	hand delivered or mailed by certified mail, return receipt
683	683	requested. The notice shall be effective the date of delivery
684	684	or mailing. If hand delivered, the notice shall be delivered
685	685	at the principal office or place of business of the addressee
686	686	during regular business hours to the person in charge of the
687	687	office or place of business.
688	688	K. If the mobile home is sold to third parties who
689	689	intend to remain in the park, they will not be allowed to
690	690	reside in the mobile home unless the parties have been
691	691	qualified by the landlord as residents. Until the purchasers
692	692	and the landlord enter into a written lease agreement, the
693	693	landlord may refuse to recognize the sale and treat any persons
694	694	living in the mobile home as trespassers. The landlord shall
695	695	not unreasonably withhold, condition or delay the approval of a
696	696	purchaser.
697	697	L. If the first lienholder has paid in full all
698	698	.229463.4
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726	726	money due under Subsection H of this section, it [shall be ] is
727	727	unlawful for the landlord to refuse to allow the first
728	728	lienholder to remove the mobile home. If the landlord refuses
729	729	to allow the first lienholder to remove the mobile home, the
730	730	landlord is liable to the first lienholder for each day the
731	731	landlord unlawfully maintains possession of the mobile home, at
732	732	a daily rate equal to one-thirtieth of the monthly payment
733	733	required by a contract between the first lienholder and
734	734	resident. In all disputes between the landlord and the first
735	735	lienholder, the court shall award reasonable attorney fees and
736	736	costs to the prevailing party. In the event the mobile home
737	737	has not been resold within six months of the landlord providing
738	738	notice pursuant to Subsection G of this section, the landlord
739	739	may request the first lienholder to remove the mobile home
740	740	within thirty days of the request. Notice of the request shall
741	741	be given to the first lienholder in accordance with Subsection
742	742	J of this section."
743	743	SECTION 6. Section 47-10-17 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1983,
744	744	Chapter 122, Section 17, as amended) is amended to read:
745	745	"47-10-17. ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION--WHEN
746	746	PERMITTED--COURT ACTIONS.--
747	747	A. In any civil dispute between the management and
748	748	a resident of a mobile home park arising out of the provisions
749	749	of the Mobile Home Park Act, except for nonpayment of rent or
750	750	utility charges or in cases in which the health or safety of
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779	779	other residents is in imminent danger, the controversy may be
780	780	submitted to alternative dispute resolution by request of
781	781	either party prior to the filing of a court action or a
782	782	forcible entry and detainer action. The cost of the
783	783	alternative dispute resolution services shall be divided
784	784	equally among the disputing parties.
785	785	B. The agreement, if one is reached, shall be
786	786	presented to the court as a stipulation. [Either party to the
787	787	dispute resolution process may terminate the process at any
788	788	time without prejudice. ]
789	789	C. If either party subsequently violates the
790	790	stipulation, the other party may apply immediately to the court
791	791	for relief.
792	792	D. Any alternative dispute resolution pursuant to
793	793	this section shall be performed by a professionally certified
794	794	mediator approved by all disputing parties."
795	795	SECTION 7. Section 47-10-23 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1993,
796	796	Chapter 147, Section 9) is amended to read:
797	797	"47-10-23. PRIVATE REMEDIES --CIVIL PENALTIES--
798	798	ENFORCEMENT.--
799	799	A. For each violation by a landlord of the
800	800	provisions of Sections 47-10-19 through 47-10-22 NMSA 1978, a
801	801	landlord [may] shall be [charged a civil penalty not to exceed
802	802	five hundred dollars ($500) ] liable to the tenant for two times
803	803	the amount of the total monthly rent.
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832	832	B. The attorney general may investigate alleged
833	833	violations of the provisions of the Mobile Home Park Act and,
834	834	upon petition to the court, may recover on behalf of the state
835	835	a civil penalty in court not to exceed two times the amount of
836	836	the total monthly rent for each violation .
837	837	[B.] C. The remedies provided in this section are
838	838	not exclusive and do not limit the rights or remedies that are
839	839	otherwise available to a resident [under any other law ]."
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