New Mexico 2025 Regular Session

New Mexico Senate Bill SB166 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.

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28	28	SENATE BILL 166
29	29	57
30	30	TH LEGISLATURE
31	31	-
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33	33	STATE
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35	35	OF
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37	37	NEW
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39	39	MEXICO
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42	42	FIRST SESSION
43	43	,
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45	45	2025
46	46	INTRODUCED BY
47	47	Antonio Maestas
48	48	AN ACT
49	49	RELATING TO COMMITMENT PROCEDURES; PROVIDING A DEFINITION FOR
50	50	"HARM TO SELF" AND "HARM TO OTHERS" IN THE MENTAL HEALTH AND
51	51	DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES CODE AND THE ASSISTED OUTPATIENT
52	52	TREATMENT ACT.
53	53	BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO:
54	54	SECTION 1. Section 43-1-3 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1977,
55	55	Chapter 279, Section 2, as amended) is amended to read:
56	56	"43-1-3. DEFINITIONS.--As used in the Mental Health and
57	57	Developmental Disabilities Code:
58	58	A. "aversive stimuli" means anything that, because
59	59	it is believed to be unreasonably unpleasant, uncomfortable or
60	60	distasteful to the client, is administered or done to the
61	61	client for the purpose of reducing the frequency of a behavior,
62	62	but does not include verbal therapies, physical restrictions to
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90	90	prevent imminent harm to self or others or psychotropic
91	91	medications that are not used for purposes of punishment;
92	92	B. "client" means a patient who is requesting or
93	93	receiving mental health services or any person requesting or
94	94	receiving developmental disabilities services or who is present
95	95	in a mental health or developmental disabilities facility for
96	96	the purpose of receiving such services or who has been placed
97	97	in a mental health or developmental disabilities facility by
98	98	the person's parent or guardian or by any court order;
99	99	C. "code" means the Mental Health and Developmental
100	100	Disabilities Code;
101	101	D. "consistent with the least drastic means
102	102	principle" means that the habilitation or treatment and the
103	103	conditions of habilitation or treatment for the client,
104	104	separately and in combination:
105	105	(1) are no more harsh, hazardous or intrusive
106	106	than necessary to achieve acceptable treatment objectives for
107	107	the client;
108	108	(2) involve no restrictions on physical
109	109	movement and no requirement for residential care except as
110	110	reasonably necessary for the administration of treatment or for
111	111	the protection of the client or others from physical injury;
112	112	and
113	113	(3) are conducted at the suitable available
114	114	facility close to the client's place of residence;
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143	143	E. "convulsive treatment" means any form of mental
144	144	health treatment that depends upon creation of a convulsion by
145	145	any means, including electroconvulsive treatment and insulin
146	146	coma treatment;
147	147	F. "court" means a district court of New Mexico;
148	148	G. "crisis triage center" means a health facility
149	149	that:
150	150	(1) is licensed by the health care authority;
151	151	and
152	152	(2) provides stabilization of behavioral
153	153	health crises and may include residential and nonresidential
154	154	stabilization;
155	155	H. "department" or "division" means the behavioral
156	156	health services division of the health care authority;
157	157	I. "developmental or intellectual disability" means
158	158	a severe chronic disability attributable to significantly
159	159	subaverage general intellectual functioning existing
160	160	concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior, cerebral
161	161	palsy, autism or neurological dysfunction that requires similar
162	162	treatment or habilitation;
163	163	J. "evaluation facility" means a community mental
164	164	health or developmental disability program, a crisis triage
165	165	center or a medical facility that has psychiatric or
166	166	developmental or intellectual disability services available,
167	167	including the New Mexico behavioral health institute at Las
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196	196	Vegas, or, if none of those is reasonably available or
197	197	appropriate, the office of a physician or a certified
198	198	psychologist that is capable of performing a mental status
199	199	examination adequate to determine the need for involuntary
200	200	treatment;
201	201	K. "experimental treatment" means any mental health
202	202	or developmental disabilities treatment that presents
203	203	significant risk of physical harm, but does not include
204	204	accepted treatment used in competent practice of medicine and
205	205	psychology and supported by scientifically acceptable studies;
206	206	L. "grave passive neglect" means failure to provide
207	207	for basic personal or medical needs or for one's own safety to
208	208	such an extent that it is more likely than not that serious
209	209	bodily harm will result in the near future;
210	210	M. "habilitation" means the process by which
211	211	professional persons and their staff assist a client with a
212	212	developmental or an intellectual disability in acquiring and
213	213	maintaining those skills and behaviors that enable the person
214	214	to cope more effectively with the demands of the person's self
215	215	and environment and to raise the level of the person's
216	216	physical, mental and social efficiency. "Habilitation"
217	217	includes but is not limited to programs of formal, structured
218	218	education and treatment;
219	219	[N. "likelihood of serious harm to oneself" means
220	220	that it is more likely than not that in the near future the
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249	249	person will attempt to commit suicide or will cause serious
250	250	bodily harm to the person's self by violent or other self-
251	251	destructive means, including grave passive neglect;
252	252	O. "likelihood of serious harm to others" means
253	253	that it is more likely than not that in the near future a
254	254	person will inflict serious, unjustified bodily harm on another
255	255	person or commit a criminal sexual offense, as evidenced by
256	256	behavior causing, attempting or threatening such harm, which
257	257	behavior gives rise to a reasonable fear of such harm from the
258	258	person;]
259	259	N. "harm to others" means that within the relevant
260	260	past, the person has inflicted, attempted to inflict or
261	261	threatened to inflict serious bodily harm on another, has acted
262	262	in such a way as to create a substantial risk of serious bodily
263	263	harm to another or has engaged in extreme destruction of
264	264	property and that there is a reasonable probability that the
265	265	conduct will be repeated;
266	266	O. "harm to self" means that:
267	267	(1) a person is unable, without care,
268	268	supervision and the continued assistance of others not
269	269	otherwise available, to exercise self-control, judgment and
270	270	discretion in the conduct of the person's daily
271	271	responsibilities and social relations or to satisfy the
272	272	person's need for nourishment, personal or medical care,
273	273	shelter or self-protection and safety; and
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302	302	(2) there is a reasonable probability of the
303	303	person suffering serious physical debilitation in the near
304	304	future unless adequate treatment is provided pursuant to the
305	305	Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Code. A showing
306	306	of behavior that is grossly irrational, actions that the person
307	307	is unable to control, behavior that is grossly inappropriate to
308	308	a situation or other evidence of severely impaired insight and
309	309	judgment creates a prima facie inference that a person is
310	310	unable to care for the person's self;
311	311	P. "mental disorder" means substantial disorder of
312	312	a person's emotional processes, thought or cognition that
313	313	grossly impairs judgment, behavior or capacity to recognize
314	314	reality, but does not mean developmental or intellectual
315	315	disability;
316	316	Q. "mental health or developmental or intellectual
317	317	disabilities professional" means a physician or other
318	318	professional who by training or experience is qualified to work
319	319	with persons with a mental disorder or a developmental or
320	320	intellectual disability;
321	321	R. "physician" or "certified psychologist", when
322	322	used for the purpose of hospital admittance or discharge, means
323	323	a physician or certified psychologist who has been granted
324	324	admitting privileges at a hospital licensed by the health care
325	325	authority, if such privileges are required;
326	326	S. "protected health information" means
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355	355	individually identifiable health information transmitted by or
356	356	maintained in an electronic form or any other form or media
357	357	that relates to the:
358	358	(1) past, present or future physical or mental
359	359	health or condition of a person;
360	360	(2) provision of health care to a person; or
361	361	(3) payment for the provision of health care
362	362	to a person;
363	363	T. "psychosurgery":
364	364	(1) means those operations currently referred
365	365	to as lobotomy, psychiatric surgery and behavioral surgery and
366	366	all other forms of brain surgery if the surgery is performed
367	367	for the purpose of the following:
368	368	(a) modification or control of thoughts,
369	369	feelings, actions or behavior rather than the treatment of a
370	370	known and diagnosed physical disease of the brain;
371	371	(b) treatment of abnormal brain
372	372	function or normal brain tissue in order to control thoughts,
373	373	feelings, actions or behavior; or
374	374	(c) treatment of abnormal brain function
375	375	or abnormal brain tissue in order to modify thoughts, feelings,
376	376	actions or behavior when the abnormality is not an established
377	377	cause for those thoughts, feelings, actions or behavior; and
378	378	(2) does not include prefrontal sonic
379	379	treatment in which there is no destruction of brain tissue;
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408	408	U. "qualified mental health professional licensed
409	409	for independent practice" means an independent social worker, a
410	410	licensed professional clinical mental health counselor, a
411	411	marriage and family therapist, a certified nurse practitioner,
412	412	a clinical nurse specialist with a specialty in mental health
413	413	or a licensed art therapist, all of whom by training and
414	414	experience are qualified to work with persons with a mental
415	415	disorder;
416	416	V. "residential treatment or habilitation program"
417	417	means diagnosis, evaluation, care, treatment or habilitation
418	418	rendered inside or on the premises of a mental health or
419	419	developmental disabilities facility, hospital, clinic,
420	420	institution or supervisory residence or nursing home when the
421	421	client resides on the premises; and
422	422	W. "treatment" means any effort to accomplish a
423	423	significant change in the mental or emotional condition or
424	424	behavior of the client."
425	425	SECTION 2. Section 43-1B-2 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 2016,
426	426	Chapter 84, Section 2, as amended) is amended to read:
427	427	"43-1B-2. DEFINITIONS.--As used in the Assisted
428	428	Outpatient Treatment Act:
429	429	A. "advance directive for mental health treatment"
430	430	means an individual instruction or power of attorney for mental
431	431	health treatment made pursuant to the Mental Health Care
432	432	Treatment Decisions Act;
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461	461	B. "agent" means an individual designated in a
462	462	power of attorney for health care to make a mental health care
463	463	decision for the individual granting the power;
464	464	C. "assertive community treatment" means a team
465	465	treatment approach designed to provide comprehensive community-
466	466	based psychiatric treatment, rehabilitation and support to
467	467	persons with serious and persistent mental disorders;
468	468	D. "assisted outpatient treatment" means categories
469	469	of outpatient services ordered by a district court, including
470	470	case management services, comprehensive community support
471	471	services, intensive outpatient services, care coordination or
472	472	assertive community treatment team services, prescribed to
473	473	treat a patient's mental disorder and to assist a patient in
474	474	living and functioning in the community or to attempt to
475	475	prevent a relapse or deterioration that may reasonably be
476	476	predicted to result in harm to the patient or another or the
477	477	need for hospitalization. Assisted outpatient treatment may
478	478	include:
479	479	(1) medication;
480	480	(2) periodic blood tests or urinalysis to
481	481	determine compliance with prescribed medications;
482	482	(3) individual or group therapy;
483	483	(4) day or partial-day programming activities;
484	484	(5) educational and vocational training or
485	485	activities;
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514	514	(6) alcohol and substance abuse treatment and
515	515	counseling;
516	516	(7) periodic blood tests or urinalysis for the
517	517	presence of alcohol or illegal drugs for a patient with a
518	518	history of alcohol or substance abuse;
519	519	(8) supervision of living arrangements; and
520	520	(9) any other services prescribed to treat the
521	521	patient's mental disorder and to assist the patient in living
522	522	and functioning in the community, or to attempt to prevent a
523	523	deterioration of the patient's mental or physical condition;
524	524	E. "covered entity" means a health plan, a health
525	525	care clearinghouse or a health care provider that transmits any
526	526	health information in electronic form;
527	527	F. "guardian" means a judicially appointed guardian
528	528	having authority to make mental health care decisions for an
529	529	individual;
530	530	G. "least restrictive appropriate alternative"
531	531	means treatment and conditions that:
532	532	(1) are no more harsh, hazardous or intrusive
533	533	than necessary to achieve acceptable treatment objectives; and
534	534	(2) do not restrict physical movement or
535	535	require residential care, except as reasonably necessary for
536	536	the administration of treatment or the protection of the
537	537	patient;
538	538	[H. "likely to result in serious harm to others"
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567	567	means that it is more likely than not that in the near future a
568	568	person will inflict serious, unjustified bodily harm on another
569	569	person or commit a criminal sexual offense, as evidenced by
570	570	behavior causing, attempting or threatening such harm, which
571	571	behavior gives rise to a reasonable fear of such harm from the
572	572	person;
573	573	I. "likely to result in serious harm to self" means
574	574	that it is more likely than not that in the near future the
575	575	person will attempt to commit suicide or will cause serious
576	576	bodily harm to the person's self by violent or other self-
577	577	destructive means, including grave passive neglect; ]
578	578	H. "harm to others" means that within the relevant
579	579	past, the person has inflicted, attempted to inflict or
580	580	threatened to inflict serious bodily harm on another, has acted
581	581	in such a way as to create a substantial risk of serious bodily
582	582	harm to another or has engaged in extreme destruction of
583	583	property and that there is a reasonable probability that the
584	584	conduct will be repeated;
585	585	I. "harm to self" means that:
586	586	(1) a person is unable, without care,
587	587	supervision and the continued assistance of others not
588	588	otherwise available, to exercise self-control, judgment and
589	589	discretion in the conduct of the person's daily
590	590	responsibilities and social relations or to satisfy the
591	591	person's need for nourishment, personal or medical care,
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620	620	shelter or self-protection and safety; and
621	621	(2) there is a reasonable probability of the
622	622	person suffering serious physical debilitation in the near
623	623	future unless adequate treatment is provided pursuant to the
624	624	Assisted Outpatient Treatment Act. A showing of behavior that
625	625	is grossly irrational, actions that a person is unable to
626	626	control, behavior that is grossly inappropriate to a situation
627	627	or other evidence of severely impaired insight and judgment
628	628	creates a prima facie inference that a person is unable to care
629	629	for the person's self;
630	630	J. "mandated service" means a service specified in
631	631	a court order requiring assisted outpatient treatment;
632	632	K. "participating municipality or county" means a
633	633	municipality or county that has entered into a memorandum of
634	634	understanding with its respective district court with respect
635	635	to the funding of such district court's administrative
636	636	expenses, including legal fees, for proceedings pursuant to the
637	637	Assisted Outpatient Treatment Act;
638	638	L. "patient" means a person receiving assisted
639	639	outpatient treatment pursuant to a court order;
640	640	M. "power of attorney for health care" means the
641	641	designation of an agent to make health care decisions for the
642	642	individual granting the power, made while the individual has
643	643	capacity;
644	644	N. "provider" means an individual or organization
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673	673	licensed, certified or otherwise authorized or permitted by law
674	674	to provide mental or physical health diagnosis or treatment in
675	675	the ordinary course of business or practice of a profession;
676	676	O. "qualified professional" means a physician,
677	677	licensed psychologist, prescribing psychologist, certified
678	678	nurse practitioner or clinical nurse specialist with a
679	679	specialty in mental health, or a physician assistant with a
680	680	specialty in mental health;
681	681	P. "qualified protective order" means, with respect
682	682	to protected health information, an order of a district court
683	683	or stipulation of parties to a proceeding under the Assisted
684	684	Outpatient Treatment Act;
685	685	Q. "respondent" means a person who is the subject
686	686	of a petition or order for assisted outpatient treatment;
687	687	R. "surrogate decision-maker" means:
688	688	(1) an agent designated by the respondent;
689	689	(2) a guardian; or
690	690	(3) a treatment guardian; and
691	691	S. "treatment guardian" means a person appointed
692	692	pursuant to Section 43-1-15 NMSA 1978 to make mental health
693	693	treatment decisions for a person who has been found by clear
694	694	and convincing evidence to be incapable of making the person's
695	695	own mental health treatment decisions."
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