OK
Oklahoma Senate Bill SB1648

Oklahoma 2024 Regular Session

Oklahoma Senate Bill SB1648 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.
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5353 STATE OF OKLAHOMA
5454
5555 2nd Session of the 59th Legislature (2024)
5656
5757 SENATE BILL 1648 By: Howard
5858
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6363 AS INTRODUCED
6464
6565 An Act relating to the Oklahoma Juvenile Code;
6666 amending 10A O.S. 2021, Section 2 -3-101, which
6767 relates to conditions of detention of chil d;
6868 modifying requirements for certain court order; and
6969 providing an effective date.
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7575 BE IT ENACTED BY THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA:
7676 SECTION 1. AMENDATORY 10A O.S . 2021, Section 2-3-101, is
7777 amended to read as fol lows:
7878 Section 2-3-101. A. When a child is taken into custody
7979 pursuant to the provisions of the Oklahoma Juvenile Code, the child
8080 shall be detained only if it is necessary to assure the appearance
8181 of the child in court or for the protection of the child o r the
8282 public.
8383 1. a. No child twelve (12) years of age or younger shall be
8484 placed in a juvenile detention facility unless all
8585 alternatives have been exhau sted and the child is
8686 currently charged with a crimin al offense that would
8787 constitute a felony if commi tted by an adult and it
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139139 has been indicated by a risk -assessment screening that
140140 the child requires detention . The detention of any
141141 child twelve (12) year s of age or younger shall be
142142 judicially reviewed pursuant to subparagraph c of this
143143 paragraph.
144144 b. Any child who is thirteen (13) or fourteen (14) years
145145 of age may be admitted to a juvenile detention
146146 facility only after all alternatives have been
147147 exhausted and the child is currently charged with a
148148 criminal offense that would constitute a felony if
149149 committed by an adult and it has been indicated by a
150150 risk-assessment screening that the c hild requires
151151 detention.
152152 c. No preadjudicatory or predisposition detention or
153153 custody order shall remain in force and effect for
154154 more than thirty (30) days . The court, for good and
155155 sufficient cause shown, may extend the effective
156156 period of such an order for an additional period not
157157 to exceed sixty (60) days . If the child is being
158158 detained for the commission of a murder, the cour t
159159 may, if it is in the best interests of justice, extend
160160 the effective period of such an order an additional
161161 sixty (60) days.
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213213 d. Whenever the court orders a child , juvenile
214214 delinquent, or youthful offender to be held in a
215215 juvenile detention facil ity, an order for secure
216216 detention shall remain in force and effect for not
217217 more than fifteen (15) days after such order . Upon an
218218 application of the district attorney and after a
219219 hearing on such application, the court, for good and
220220 sufficient cause shown, may extend the effective
221221 period of such an order for an add itional period not
222222 to exceed fifteen (15) days after such hearing . The
223223 total period of preadjudicatory or predisposition
224224 shall not exceed the ninety -day limitation as
225225 specified in subparagraph a of this paragraph. The
226226 child shall be present at the hearin g on the
227227 application for extension unless, as authorized and
228228 approved by the court, the attorney for the child is
229229 present at the hearing and the child is available to
230230 participate in the hearing vi a telephone conference
231231 communication. For the purpose of this paragraph,
232232 “telephone conference communication ” means use of a
233233 telephone device that allows all parties, including
234234 the child, to hear and be heard by th e other parties
235235 at the hearing. After the hearing, the court may
236236 order continued detention in a juve nile detention
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288288 center, may order the child detained in an alternative
289289 to secure detention or may order the release of the
290290 child from detention.
291291 2. No child alleged or adjudicated to be deprived o r in need of
292292 supervision or who is or appears to be a minor in need of treatment
293293 as defined by the Inpatient M ental Health and Substance Ab use
294294 Treatment of Minors Act, shall be confined in any jail, adult
295295 lockup, or adult detention facility . No child shall be transported
296296 or detained in association with criminal, v icious, or dissolute
297297 persons.
298298 3. Except as otherwise authorized by this section a child who
299299 has been taken into custody as a deprived child, a child in need of
300300 supervision, or who appears to be a minor in need of treatment, may
301301 not be placed in any detent ion facility pending court proceedings,
302302 but must be placed in shelter care or f oster care or, with regard to
303303 a child who appears to be a minor in need of t reatment, a behavioral
304304 health treatment facility in accordance with the provisions of the
305305 Inpatient Mental Health and Substance Abuse Treatment of Minors Act,
306306 or released to the custody of the parents of the child or some other
307307 responsible party. Provided, this shall not preclude runaway
308308 juveniles from other states, with or without delinquent status, to
309309 be held in a detention facility in accordance with the Interstate
310310 Compact for Juveniles in Sections 2 -9-101 through 2-9-116 of this
311311 title and rules promulg ated by the Interstate Commission.
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363363 B. No child shall be placed in secure detention unless:
364364 1. The child is an escapee from any delinquent placement;
365365 2. The child is a fugitive from another jurisdiction with a
366366 warrant on a delinquency charge or confirmation of delinquency
367367 charges by the home j urisdiction;
368368 3. The child is seriously assaultive or destruc tive towards
369369 others or self;
370370 4. The child is currently charged with any crimin al offense
371371 that would constitute a felony if committed by an adult or a
372372 misdemeanor and:
373373 a. is on probation or pa role on a prior delinquent
374374 offense,
375375 b. is on preadjudicatory com munity supervision, or
376376 c. is currently on release status on a prior delinquent
377377 offense;
378378 5. The child has willfully failed or there is reason to believe
379379 that the child will willfully fail t o appear for juvenile court
380380 proceedings; or
381381 6. A warrant for the child has been issued on the basis that:
382382 a. the child is absent from court -ordered placement
383383 without approval by the court,
384384 b. the child is absent from designa ted placement by the
385385 Office of Juvenile Affairs without approval by the
386386 Office of Juvenile Affairs ,
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438438 c. there is reason to believe the child will not remain
439439 at said placement, or
440440 d. the child is subject to an administrative transfer or
441441 parole revocation proceeding.
442442 C. A child who has violated a court order and has had the order
443443 revoked or modified purs uant to Section 2-2-503 of this title may be
444444 placed into an Office-of-Juvenile-Affairs-designated sanction
445445 detention bed or an Office -of-Juvenile-Affairs-approved sanction
446446 program.
447447 D. Priority shall be given to the use of juvenile detention
448448 facilities for the detention of juvenile offenders through
449449 provisions requiring the removal from detention of a juvenile with a
450450 lower priority status if an empty detention bed is not available at
451451 the time of referral of a juvenile with a higher pr iority status and
452452 if the juvenile with a higher priority status would be mor e of a
453453 danger to the public than the juvenile with the lower priority
454454 status.
455455 E. Juvenile detention faci lities shall be the initia l placement
456456 for all persons under eighteen (18) years of age . No child shall be
457457 placed in secure detention in an adult jail, adult lockup, adult
458458 detention facility or other adult facility except as provided in
459459 this section.
460460 1. Any child who is at least fifteen (15) years of age who is
461461 charged with murder in the first degree may be detained in an adult
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513513 jail, adult lockup, adult detention facility or oth er adult facility
514514 only after a hearing in which the child is provided represent ation
515515 and the court makes a written finding that it is in the interest of
516516 justice that the child b e placed in an adult jail, adult lockup,
517517 adult detention facility or other adult facility.
518518 2. In determining whether it is in the interest of justice that
519519 a child who is at least fi fteen (15) years of age and who is charged
520520 with murder in the first degree be placed in an adult jail, adult
521521 lockup, adult detention facility or other ad ult facility, the court
522522 shall consider:
523523 a. the age of the child,
524524 b. the physical and mental maturity of the child,
525525 c. the present mental state of the child, including
526526 whether the child presents an imminent risk of harm to
527527 the child,
528528 d. the nature and circumstances of the alleged offense,
529529 e. the child’s history of prior delinquent acts,
530530 f. the relative ability of the availab le adult and
531531 juvenile detention fa cilities to not only me et the
532532 specific needs of the child but also to protect the
533533 safety of the public as well as other detained youth,
534534 and
535535 g. any other relevant factors.
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587587 3. If a court determines that it is in the interes t of justice
588588 that the child be placed in an adult jail, a dult lockup, adult
589589 detention facility or other adult facility:
590590 a. the court shall hold a hearing not less frequently
591591 than once every thirty (30) days, or in the case of a
592592 rural jurisdiction, which is any jurisdiction not
593593 located in a metropolitan statistic al area as defined
594594 by the United States Office of Management and Budget,
595595 not less frequently than once every forty -five (45)
596596 days, to review whether it is sti ll in the interest of
597597 justice to permit the juvenile to be so held or have
598598 such sight and sound co ntact, and
599599 b. the child shall not be held in any adult jail or
600600 lockup for adults or be permitted to have sight or
601601 sound contact with adult inmates for more than one
602602 hundred eighty (180) days, unless the court, in
603603 writing, determines there is good cause for an
604604 extension or the child expressly waives this
605605 limitation.
606606 F. When a child is placed in an adult jail, adult lockup, adult
607607 detention facility or other adul t facility, he or she shall be
608608 afforded the following rights and protections in order to address
609609 the child’s health and safety:
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661661 1. A copy of the child’s most current mental health or suicide
662662 screening instrument approved by the Office of Juvenile Affairs
663663 shall be provided to the adult jail, adul t lockup or adult detention
664664 facility at the time of the c hild’s transfer; and
665665 2. Adult jails, adult lockups, adult detention facilities or
666666 other adult facilities shall process requests for visits and allow
667667 approved visitors contact visits with the child w ithin five (5)
668668 business days of the request.
669669 G. 1. Except as otherwise provided in this section, no child
670670 shall be placed in secure detention i n an adult jail, adult lockup,
671671 adult detention facility or other adult facility unless:
672672 a. the adult jail, adult lockup or adult detention
673673 facility provides sight and s ound separation for
674674 juveniles, pursuant to standards required by
675675 subsection E of Section 2-3-103 of this title, and
676676 b. the adult jail, adult lockup or adult d etention
677677 facility meets the requirements for licensure of
678678 juvenile detention facilities, as adopte d by the
679679 Office of Juvenile Affairs, is appropriately licensed,
680680 and provides sight and sound separation for juveniles,
681681 which includes:
682682 (1) total separation between j uveniles and adult
683683 facility spatial areas such that there could be
684684 no haphazard or accident al contact between
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736736 juvenile and adult residents in the respective
737737 facilities,
738738 (2) total separation in all juvenile and adult
739739 program activities within the fac ilities,
740740 including recreation, education, counseling,
741741 health care, dining, sleeping and general li ving
742742 activities, and
743743 (3) separate juvenile and adult staff, specifically
744744 direct care staff such as recreation, education
745745 and counseling.
746746 Specialized services staf f, such as cooks,
747747 bookkeepers, and medical professionals who are not
748748 normally in contact with detainees or whose infrequent
749749 contacts occur under conditions of separation of
750750 juveniles and adults can serve both.
751751 2. Nothing in this section shall preclude a child who is
752752 detained for the commissi on of a crime that would constitute a
753753 felony if committed by an adult, or a child who is an escapee from a
754754 juvenile secure facility or from an Office of Juvenile Affairs group
755755 home from being held in any jail certified by the State Department
756756 of Health, police station or similar law enforc ement offices for up
757757 to six (6) hours for purposes of identification, processing or
758758 arranging for transfer to a secure detention or alternative to
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810810 secure detention. Such holding shall be limited to the absolute
811811 minimum time necessary to complete these actions.
812812 a. The time limitations for holding a child in a jail for
813813 the purposes of identification, processing or
814814 arranging transfer established by this section shall
815815 not include the actu al travel time required for
816816 transporting a child from a jail to a juvenil e
817817 detention facility or alternative to secure detention.
818818 b. Whenever the time limitations established by this
819819 subsection are exceeded, this circumstance shall not
820820 constitute a defense in a subsequent delinquency or
821821 criminal proceeding.
822822 3. Nothing in this section shall preclude detaining in a county
823823 jail or other adult detention facility an eighteen -year-old charged
824824 in a juvenile petition for whom certification to stand trial as an
825825 adult is prayed. However, if no certifica tion motion is filed, the
826826 eighteen-year-old may remain in a juvenile detention facility as
827827 long as secure detention is required.
828828 4. Nothing in this section shall preclude detaining in a county
829829 jail or other adult detention facility a person provided for i n
830830 Section 2-3-102 of this title if written or electronica lly
831831 transmitted confirmation is received from the state seeking return
832832 of the individual that the person is a person provided for in
833833 Section 2-3-102 of this title and if, during the time of detention ,
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885885 the person is detained in a faci lity meeting the requir ements of
886886 Section 2-3-103 of this title.
887887 5. Nothing in this section shall prec lude detaining a person,
888888 whose age is not immediately ascertainable and who i s being detained
889889 for the commission of a fe lony, in a jail certified by the State
890890 Department of Health, a police station or similar law enforcement
891891 office for up to twenty -four (24) hours for the purpose of
892892 determining whether or not the person is a child, if:
893893 a. there is a reasonable belief that t he person is
894894 eighteen (18) years o f age or older,
895895 b. there is a reasonable belief that a felony has been
896896 committed by the person,
897897 c. a court order for such detention is obtained from a
898898 judge of the district cou rt within six (6) hours of
899899 initially detaining the person,
900900 d. there is no juvenile detention facility t hat has space
901901 available for the person and that is within thirty
902902 (30) miles of the jail, police station, or law
903903 enforcement office in which the person i s to be
904904 detained, and
905905 e. during the time of det ention the person is detained in
906906 a facility meeting the r equirements of subparagrap h b
907907 of paragraph 1 of this subsection.
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959959 The time limitation provided for in this paragraph shall include the
960960 time the person is detained prior to the issuance of the court
961961 order.
962962 The time limitation provided for in this paragraph s hall not include
963963 the actual travel time required for transporting the person to the
964964 jail, police station, or similar law enforcement office . If the
965965 time limitation established by this paragraph is e xceeded, this
966966 circumstance shall n ot constitute a defense in any subsequent
967967 delinquency or criminal proceeding.
968968 H. Nothing contained in this section shall in any way reduce or
969969 eliminate the liability of a county as otherwise provided by law for
970970 injury or damages resulting from the placement of a child i n an
971971 adult jail, adult lockup, adult detention facility or other adult
972972 facility.
973973 I. Any juvenile detention facility shall be available for use
974974 by any eligible Indian child as that term is defined by the Okl ahoma
975975 Indian Child Welfare Act, pr oviding that the use of the juvenile
976976 detention facility meets the requirements of the Oklahoma Juvenil e
977977 Code. The Indian tribe may contract with any juvenile detention
978978 facility for the providing of detention services.
979979 J. Each member of the staff of a juvenile detention facilit y
980980 shall satisfactorily complete a training program provided or
981981 approved by the Office of Juvenile Affairs.
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10331033 K. Whenever a juvenile is placed in a ny adult jail, adult
10341034 lockup, adult detention facility or other adult facility, the Office
10351035 of Juvenile Affairs s hall have access to all facilities which detain
10361036 such juveniles and shall have a ccess to any data regarding such
10371037 juveniles. The Office of Juvenil e Affairs shall have access to all
10381038 adult jails, adult lockups, adult detention facilities or other
10391039 adult facilities in this state, including all data maintained by
10401040 such facilities, to assure compliance with this section . The Board
10411041 of Juvenile Affairs shal l promulgate rules as necessary to implement
10421042 the provisions of this section.
10431043 SECTION 2. This act shall become effective November 1, 2024.
10441044
10451045 59-2-3407 TEK 1/16/2024 11:21:28 AM