Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'attorney's fees'
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TX
Transcript Highlights:
- 67" data-time="396"> The committee substitute to Senate Bill 1883 adds provisions that make impact fees
- authorizes the Attorney General to bring action on behalf of a property owner to challenge an impact fee
- span>
The bill also establishes a recovery fund for an impact fee
Keywords:
Senate Committee, Local Government, Senate Bill 1079, Senate Bill 1243, Senate Bill 1504, legislative process, unanimous recommendation
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Committee on Local Government revolved around the discussion and voting on several significant bills. Notably, Senate Bill 1079 was reported to the full Senate with a unanimous recommendation for passage, followed by an equally successful vote for Senate Bill 1243. Discussions included procedural details and recommendations for local calendars, showcasing a disciplined approach to legislative processes. The committee also reviewed Senate Bill 1504, which was similarly passed and referred to local and contested calendars. Throughout the meeting, senators engaged in structured dialogue, ensuring all voices were heard during roll calls and motions.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
Yeah, the swipe fee, and Mr.
- Geren will pay that swipe fee.
- fee.
- I'm just a little worried about what—swipe fees are kind of important to me.
- Geren's question about the fees, they call it swipe fees or merchant fees.
Bills:
HB246, HB796, HB1056, HB1544, HB1846, HB2001, HB2618, HB2625, HB2869, HB2898, HB3069, HB3114, HB3157, HB3228, HJR98
Keywords:
federal directives, state authority, Tenth Amendment, government enforcement, local governance, gold standard, legal tender, currency, transactional currency, financial transactions, electronic payment systems, state finance, regulatory compliance, electric trucks, charging infrastructure, advisory council, transportation, sustainability, criminal penalties, official information
Summary:
This meeting of the State Affairs Committee primarily focused on discussing several important bills, including HB1846, which aims to establish an Electric Truck Advisory Council for developing a statewide electric vehicle infrastructure plan. Representative Wally detailed the need for this council to facilitate the growing medium and heavy-duty electric vehicle market, emphasizing collaboration with state agencies and the private sector. The discussions included an in-depth analysis of proposed amendments and the fiscal implications of the bill. Witnesses provided testimony both supporting and opposing the bill, highlighting various perspectives on infrastructure development and economic impact.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session Mar 4th, 2025 at 02:00 pm
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- 647 by Patterson, relating to the removal of restrictions imposed on driver's licenses or opposing a fee
- data-time="5058"> HB 655 by Reynolds, relating to illegal hunting of certain deer and authorizing fees
- span marker="901" data-time="5400">HB 696 by Cortez, relating to the waiver of state park interest fees
- and hunting and licensing fees for certain residential first responders, is referred to the Committee
- data-time="5472"> HB 705 by Wilson, relating to the cosmetology licensure compact and authorizing fees
Keywords:
legislation, constitutional amendments, taxation reforms, public testimony, mental health, Ketamine Treatment Grant Program, daylight savings time
Summary:
The committee meeting predominantly focused on a multitude of bills concerning various legislative amendments. Key discussions included the pros and cons of constitutional amendments, such as one by Schofield proposing year-round daylight savings time, and issues around taxation reforms highlighted by various members. The committee engaged in vibrant discussions, inviting public testimonies from both supporters and opponents of several bills, emphasizing the importance of community input in legislative processes. Notably, there were extensive debates on HB720, which pertains to the Ketamine Treatment Grant Program for veterans and first responders, underscoring the significance of mental health legislation. Members expressed their concerns about implementing the program effectively while ensuring adequate funding and oversight.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
There is an application fee to become licensed.
That would be the initial application fee, and then
- , relocation type A and B licensing fees, are as follows: it's a $300 fee plus $15 per bed, and there's
- a $2,250 maximum fee for a three-year license.
- The license fee for a two-year license is $250.
Bills:
HB2510, HB3589, HB4611, HB4655, HB4665, HB4666, HB4670, HB4700, HB4730, HB4798, HB4838, HB5136, HB5243, HB5302, HB5539
Keywords:
assisted living, healthcare, licensing, criminal offense, personal assistance, group home, licensing, regulation, health and safety, inspections, resident care, criminal background checks, adoption, parental rights, registry, vital statistics, disclosure, counseling, foster care, independent living
Summary:
During this meeting of the committee, key discussions were held regarding various bills, particularly those concerning contract requirements related to the Department of Family and Protective Services (DFPS). Multiple bills, such as HB4129, HB4130, and HB4131, were unanimously reported favorably without any debate, showcasing a clear consensus among members about their importance in regulating contracts with single-source continuum contractors. Notable attention was also directed towards HB3750, which pertains to reimbursement for legal expenses incurred by DFPS employees, demonstrating acknowledgment of the need to protect staff operating in complex legal environments. Public testimony was welcomed, allowing voices from the community to add value to the legislative dialogue. The meeting concluded with a commitment to continue examining the implications of these bills as they move forward in the legislative process.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Defense & Veterans' Affairs Mar 3rd, 2025 at 11:03 am
House S/C on Defense & Veterans' Affairs
Transcript Highlights:
- We also provide veteran verification letters so that they can apply for a startup fee waiver from the
- I mean, you do not charge a fee for those services.
- And do we have someone overseeing that the fees are fair?
- Pay your amount that's due, but I need a fee.
- That fee is not regulated anywhere. Is that what I'm hearing? Not in the state of Texas.
Keywords:
Defense and Veterans Affairs, veteran services, legislation, recruitment, retention, community support, entrepreneur programs, home loans
Summary:
The meeting of the Defense and Veterans Affairs Committee served as the inaugural session for the legislative year, focusing on various significant veteran issues and programs. Chairman Cortez led discussions around the upcoming legislative workload, with an estimated 75 bills anticipated for review. Members acknowledged the importance of addressing recruitment and retention challenges within the defense forces, with insights on necessary facility upgrades and the impacts on local communities. Collaborative efforts, such as home loan programs and the Veteran Entrepreneur Program, were highlighted to demonstrate the support provided to veterans in transitioning to civilian life. The committee emphasized the vital role of outreach initiatives to ensure veterans are aware of available services.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Health and Human Services Apr 16th, 2025
Senate Health & Human Services Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Charge fees from all Texas Medical Board licensees to cover
- At that time, all licensees were required to pay administrative fees to be within the program.
- Up all of our administrative fees, which we did.
- What kind of fee are we talking about? How much?
- That's a pretty good bargain as far as fees go.
Keywords:
body donation, medical science, forensic science, willed body program, informed consent, physician health, regulation, surcharges, occupational licensing, national practitioner data bank, unclaimed bodies, anatomical donations, regulations, public testimony, ethical treatment
Summary:
The Senate meeting featured extensive discussions on significant legislative proposals, primarily focusing on the ethical treatment and regulation of unclaimed bodies in Texas. The committee addressed concerns raised by Senator Parker regarding the alarming misuse of unclaimed remains, urging the necessity for stricter guidelines and accountability for organizations involved in anatomical donations. Public testimonies illustrated harrowing experiences of families affected by these practices, prompting legislators to consider more robust regulatory measures, including possible criminal penalties for bad actors in the industry. The committee exhibited a unified stance in advocating for enhanced protections that would ensure the dignity of deceased individuals is respected.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session Mar 7th, 2025 at 02:00 pm
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- span>
HB 1050 by Dorazio, relating to the award of attorney fees
- "2034">HB 1061 by Bhojani, relating to the authorization and reimbursement for certain examination fees
- p>HB 1083 by Curry, relating to the eligibility for tuition and fee
- > HB 1083 by Curry, relating to the eligibility for tuition and fee
- marker="406" data-time="2430"> HB 1105 by Cole, relating to the exemption of tuition and laboratory fees
Keywords:
legislation, public safety, education, witnesses, confidentiality, economic development, marriage license
Summary:
The committee meeting was robust, focusing on a wide array of bills that addressed various issues including education, public safety, and economic development. Members took turns presenting and questioning several proposed laws, with active participation from both committee members and invited witnesses. Notably, HB1193 received critical attention as it aimed to reinforce the confidentiality of certain information on marriage licenses, drawing significant debate about privacy and transparency. Witnesses presented their supports and concerns, leading to a rich dialogue about the balance between public knowledge and personal rights.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- They'll make a fee.
- They won't make a typical return, but they will make a fee, a handling fee, basically.
- Use the license plate as a mechanism to charge a fee to the owner.
Keywords:
memorial markers, law enforcement, officer memorials, killed in the line of duty, highway signage, used vehicles, advertising regulations, dealerships, consumer protection, vehicle identification, transportation, vehicle regulations, towing, license plates, highway dedications, public testimony, SB1353, SB1902, SB249, SB1029
Summary:
The meeting of the committee addressed several key bills focused on transportation and vehicle regulations. Notably, SB1353 introduced by Representative Gaines aims to create a regulatory framework for towing vessel pilots in the port of Brownsville, alongside testimonies highlighting support from local authorities. Additionally, SB1902 proposed by Senator Nichols seeks to amend the previous legislation affecting license plate transfers, addressing concerns over dealer inventory storage issues. The discussion around SB249 centered on alleviating the financial strain on families of fallen peace officers regarding highway dedications, shifting the burden to TxDOT for funding and maintaining signs. Despite the positive atmosphere, some bills, such as SB1029, faced opposition due to potential customer trust issues related to advertising vehicles not currently in dealers' possession.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Energy Resources Apr 14th, 2025 at 11:04 am
House Energy Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- data-time="1980"> Representative Gates, with respect to exemptions for the sales tax, the franchise fees
- owner to have to pay a fee that piece of a mineral, like
- So it's a disposal fee as opposed to them being paid for it.
The proposed application fee would also offset the
Instead of the permit fee being $2,500, it would be
Keywords:
surface estate, well plugging, Railroad Commission, landowner rights, liability, strategic reserve, gas supply, petroleum products, disaster response, Railroad Commission of Texas, energy security, emergency planning, oil and gas waste, Railroad Commission, environmental regulation, waste management, mining pits, groundwater monitoring, oil and gas waste, regulation
Summary:
The meeting focused on a series of bills primarily related to oil and gas infrastructure, safety, regulatory issues, and the burgeoning hydrogen industry in Texas. Several bills were discussed and voted on, including HB3911 concerning voluntary plugging of orphan wells, HB3021 related to oil and gas emergencies, and HB5600 aimed at establishing Texas as a leader in the clean hydrogen market. The Chair and members debated the provisions of these bills, considering environmental implications and economic impacts, particularly in light of recent natural disasters like the winter storm Uri.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- The fee is a tax; the tax is a fee, but you have to pay it.
- But you've got a tax per fee tag per bag, right?
- Never, ever, because one is lease fee and one is fee simple. They ask for financing documents. Why?
In the earlier theme, taxes are fees, and fees are
- taxes, and some taxes are user fees.
Bills:
SB467, SB325, SB867, SB994, SB1052, SB1237, SB1449, SB1531, SB2063, SB2172, SB2173, SB2520, SB2529, SB2538, SB2541, SJR46, SJR84
Keywords:
county regulation, subdivision, land use, agriculture, water management, county regulation, land subdivision, agricultural use, water management, rural development, state funding, education, local governance, budget allocations, tax implications, subdivision regulation, county authority, land division, agricultural land, water management
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Committee on Local Government covered various pressing bills focused primarily on property tax issues. Notable discussions included the examination of Senate Bill 1052, which addresses appraisal challenges faced by Gulf Coast counties and aims to ensure tax calculations reflect realistic revenue expectations. Witnesses from local governments expressed the necessity of this bill, highlighting the severe financial implications of tax disputes on public services and education. Additionally, the committee reviewed Senate Bill 325, which reinforces the requirement for water availability to be confirmed prior to land development, as previous loopholes allowed developers to bypass this essential regulation. Public testimonies echoed concerns around the implications of unchecked property development and emphasized the need for proper resource allocation.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- It's not a tax; it's a fee. The fee is a tax, the tax is a fee, but you have to pay it.
- I gather this is a very nominal fee that they pay something.
- and one is fee simple.
In the earlier theme, taxes are fees, fees are taxes
- , and some taxes are user fees.
Bills:
SB467, SB325, SB867, SB994, SB1052, SB1237, SB1449, SB1531, SB2063, SB2172, SB2173, SB2520, SB2529, SB2538, SB2541, SJR46, SJR84
Keywords:
county regulation, subdivision, land use, agriculture, water management, county regulation, land subdivision, agricultural use, water management, rural development, state funding, education, local governance, budget allocations, tax implications, subdivision regulation, county authority, land division, agricultural land, water management
Summary:
During this committee meeting, several critical bills were deliberated, reflecting the legislators' commitment to addressing property tax regulations and groundwater issues in Texas. Notably, Senate Bill 325 was introduced to close loopholes created by House Bill 3697, ensuring that subdivisions reliant on private roads must demonstrate groundwater availability, a move praised by representatives from environmental and public welfare organizations. The bill emphasizes the necessity for sustainable development practices to prevent future water shortages. Another significant focus was Senate Bill 2172, which aims to rectify the erroneous interpretation of the tax code regarding homestead exemptions, protecting compliant homeowners from unfair tax burdens. This cleanup bill clarifies reapplication processes for homestead exemptions to prevent confusion among appraisal districts and homeowners alike. Public testimony from various stakeholders echoed widespread support for the bills, highlighting the importance of transparency and fair administration in property-related legislation.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Local Government (Part I) May 22nd, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- always easily accessible to the public, making it difficult for residents to understand how rates and fees
- attention that there are three bills on the same topic: Senate Bill 1008 by Middleton, which relates to fees
- that can be charged because there are different fee structures in different counties.
- Senator Middleton's bill consolidates fees, but it only applies to counties over a million.
- Therefore, we set the standards and conduct the inspections for a fee.
Keywords:
property tax exemption, utility charges, transparency, public testimony, legislative efficiency, community service
Summary:
The meeting focused on several important bills, including discussions around HB2508, which aims to clarify property tax exemption conditions for surviving spouses of veterans. Additionally, HB1991 was discussed, emphasizing the need for transparency regarding utility charges in municipally owned systems. The chair recognized public testimonies detailing both support and concerns associated with these bills. Comprehensive discussions took place regarding the implications of utility charges on residents, highlighting the importance of accessible information for community members to understand their billing. The committee urged efficiency in reporting mechanisms that relate to municipal operations and accountability to constituents.
In addition to the legislations described, the committee was informed of the significant number of bills pending review and decisions were made to prioritize those that were urgent. The meeting concluded with a commitment to ongoing discussions and a streamlined approach to handling forthcoming bills. Members appeared engaged and responsive to public input, showcasing a collaborative commitment to legislative transparency and community service.
US
Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session
Hearings to examine the nominations of Jonathan Gould, of Virginia, to be Comptroller of the Currency for a term of five years, Luke Pettit, of the District of Columbia, to be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, Paul Atkins, of Virginia, to be Mar 27th, 2025 at 09:00 am
Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- because it means that workers' pension plans or retirement accounts get saddled with those higher fees
- Adkins, do you agree that private fund managers are charging higher fees?
- So you're saying that investors should be protected by making sure that they know what those fees are
The typical management fee for a private fund can be
- four times higher than the annual fee for a mutual fund.
Keywords:
financial regulations, SEC, Comptroller of the Currency, Federal Transit Administration, nominees, Empowering Main Street in America Act, capital formation, economic growth
Summary:
The committee meeting focused on several nominees within key financial institutions, including discussions surrounding the SEC, the Federal Transit Administration, and the Comptroller of the Currency. Notable dialogue included concerns over regulatory balance, with various members emphasizing a need to streamline regulations to foster innovation while ensuring accountability and safety for investors. The importance of the proposed 'Empowering Main Street in America Act' was highlighted as a means to facilitate access to capital for small businesses, underlining the current administration's approach towards financial regulations.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Finance (Part I) Mar 12th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- Fees when FTE is adopted.
- ="1027" data-time="6156"> To vote on the fuel tax, item number four, adjustment to voter education fees
- ="1027" data-time="6156">Under item number five, the amendment to Rider number 41, voter education fees
- " data-time="6318"> For LPG and compressed natural gas (CNG) training and exam information renewal fees
- p>
Item number four, oversight and safety regulatory filing fees
Keywords:
budget adjustments, salary increase, public defender, Senate Bill 9, workforce optimization
Summary:
The committee also reviewed workforce optimization projects and critical capital improvements, underscoring the importance of maintaining and enhancing state infrastructure. A work group revision related to Senate Bill 9 was adopted, further demonstrating the committee's proactive approach to addressing fiscal responsibilities and ensuring effective allocation of state resources. The meeting concluded with an overview of adopted items and a commitment to continue enhancing services for the public.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session Mar 31st, 2025 at 04:03 pm
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- marker="211" data-time="1260"> Relating to parts of firearms, creating a criminal offense, authorizing a fee
- data-time="1332"> HB 4170 by Hayes relating to the venue of certain actions involving private transfer fees
- to the regulation of delivery network companies, requiring an occupational permit and authorizing a fee
- occupants of the dwelling, creating a criminal offense, increasing a criminal penalty, and authorizing a fee
Keywords:
public safety, education, taxation, emergency power, constitutional amendment, infrastructure
Summary:
The committee meeting primarily addressed various proposed bills concerning public safety, education, and taxation. Notably, HB4250 was discussed, relating to emergency power sources for nursing facilities. During the session, several amendments were proposed, leading to an in-depth discussion on the adequacy of the current infrastructure to support emergency generators, especially in light of recent events. The committee members also engaged in conversations regarding H.J.R. 172, a proposed constitutional amendment aimed at tax exemptions for residential properties, which sparked considerable debate about its fiscal implications.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Higher Education Apr 29th, 2025 at 10:04 am
House Higher Education Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- ="162">by requiring new details in the bargaining report, including spending, unobligated retained fees
- For example, out-of-state tuition fees at Texas A&M University are approximately $40,000 per year, while
- in-state tuition fees are approximately $12,500.
- Students paid $81.6 million in tuition and fees.
- There are additional fees, about another $1,000.
Bills:
HB1784, HB2088, HB3062, HB3475, HB3741, HB4279, HB4763, HB5154, HB5294, HB5508, SB1401, HB232
Keywords:
students, homeless, foster care, higher education, liaison officer, housing assistance, transition support, law school, higher education, Rio Grande Valley, legal education, public university, accreditation, fentanyl prevention, drug poisoning awareness, higher education, mental health resources, substance abuse education, law school, higher education
Summary:
The meeting revolved around discussions on House Bill 232, which seeks to amend the Texas Dream Act regarding in-state tuition for undocumented students. Key testimonies were presented, with numerous advocates opposing the bill, arguing it would harm talented Texas youths by denying them affordable education opportunities. Speakers included community leaders and affected students who shared personal stories illustrating the bill's potential drawbacks, emphasizing the negative economic impact that could result from limiting access to education for Dreamers and the associated societal benefits. The committee also explored House Bill 5154, which updates the Joint Admission Medical Program to improve access for economically disadvantaged students, receiving positive feedback and support from committee members.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- It does not impose government mandates, there are no fees on consumers or producers, and this is not
- bill incentivizes increased investment in the recycling infrastructure of Texas without creating a fee
- We would be paying those fees in those states, and we were comfortable with it here, but a lot of other
- >So we tried to find a workable solution that didn't have any government mandates, didn't have any fees
- Our members cannot support a bill that would assess fees against our customers and instead would prefer
Keywords:
Gulf Coast Protection District, navigation safety, special districts, state governance, Texas legislation, Gulf Coast, flood protection, storm risk management, coastal restoration, natural resources, prescribed burns, self-insurance, fire management, liability protection, rural land management, recycling, environment, sustainability, economic development, Texas Recycling Fund
Summary:
The committee meeting focused primarily on several significant legislative proposals, particularly detailing the plans for the Gulf Coast Protection District and various recycling initiatives. Notable discussions were led by Senator Alvarado regarding SB795, which is aimed at establishing a dedicated Gulf Coast Protection Account to secure funding for coastal infrastructure projects critical for flood protection. Stakeholders expressed gratitude for ongoing legislative support, emphasizing the potential for this project to become the largest civil works project in U.S. history. Additionally, testimony was heard on recycling bills including SB2689, which seeks to improve Texas's recycling infrastructure without imposing fees, and SB410 which manages the Gulf Coast Protection District’s operations to ensure safety and navigability within Houston's waterways. Public and expert witnesses contributed insights that highlighted the economic implications and community benefits of these initiatives, demonstrating the state's commitment to sustainable development.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- counties, municipalities, and public health districts from imposing sound regulations, permits, or fees
- This includes permitting and fees for basic operational needs like deliveries, critical to keeping doors
- span marker="454" data-time="2718"> Be required to obtain a separate sound permit or pay a separate fee
- span marker="454" data-time="2718">They're not disrupting neighbors, but they are triggering costly fees
- For a small business already facing inflation, labor shortages, and increased operating costs, these fees
Bills:
HB246, HB796, HB1056, HB1544, HB1846, HB2001, HB2618, HB2625, HB2869, HB2898, HB3069, HB3114, HB3157, HB3228, HJR98
Keywords:
federal directives, state authority, Tenth Amendment, government enforcement, local governance, gold standard, legal tender, currency, transactional currency, financial transactions, electronic payment systems, state finance, regulatory compliance, electric trucks, charging infrastructure, advisory council, transportation, sustainability, criminal penalties, official information
Summary:
The committee meeting focused on several important bills aimed at providing support and protections for agricultural producers affected by border-related crimes. Notable discussions centered around HB246, which proposed an expanded compensation program for damages, including not just real property, but also crops, livestock, and the necessary funds for soil restoration due to pollutions from such crimes. Representative Ginn led the conversations, emphasizing the critical role agricultural landowners play in the state’s economy and their need for fair compensation. Witnesses, including stakeholders from agricultural organizations, provided testimonies highlighting the inadequacies of the current framework and the urgency for legislative action.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- To negotiate the fees.
- these groups, I was a little surprised to see how backward they were about the transparency of the fees
- Those fees have always been negotiable. We've always been informed.
- It has to be approved as well as any increase in rates to the consumer for their fee, which is a nominal
- fee.
Keywords:
utility regulation, Thomas Gleason, ERCOT, HB1500, public utility communication, infrastructure resilience, disaster preparedness
Summary:
The committee meeting, focused primarily on the ongoing regulatory reforms following the recent weather-related crises, commenced with the introduction of Thomas Gleason as the new Chairman of the Public Utility Commission of Texas. The Chairman emphasized the need for resilience and proactive measures to improve infrastructure and communications among utility companies, especially in light of recent disasters that impacted service delivery. High-level discussions revolved around HB1500, which mandates stronger oversight and accountability mechanisms for ERCOT, pushing the commission to enhance its monitoring capacity. Several topics of concern, including vegetation management and cost distribution among consumers, were highlighted as priorities moving forward.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
Y'all, they pay out a lot of fees, a lot of fees.
- Those fees need to be lessened. They need to go away. We're losing good nurse practitioners, y'all.
- A lot of fees. Those fees need to be lessened.
Keywords:
Maverick County, recognition, economic development, Texas Senate, community celebration, SB911, Heal Texans Act, healthcare access, nurse practitioners, health crisis, rural healthcare, Texas legislature
Summary:
The committee meeting centered around the discussion of SB911, the Heal Texans Act, aimed at improving access to healthcare in underserved areas of Texas. Senator Cesar Blanco opened the discussion by highlighting the healthcare crisis affecting millions of Texans, emphasizing the need for immediate reform to allow nurse practitioners (APRNs) to deliver essential services without cumbersome regulations. The senator expressed gratitude towards his colleagues, including Vice Chair Charles Perry, for their joint efforts in advocating for this critical legislation. The need for SB911 was reiterated by several speakers, including healthcare advocates and those impacted by the lack of accessible care, underscoring personal stories that illustrated the dire situation faced by many rural residents who cannot easily reach medical care.