Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'rural law enforcement'
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TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Natural Resources Mar 19th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Natural Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Under current law, the PUC must determine a monetary amount
- That loan was used to build a rural water system.
- Is that the current law today, that you have to?
- existing law to compel them to comply.
- I think more vigorous enforcement of existing regulations would help.
Keywords:
coastal protection, environmental management, Gulf Coast, storm risk management, funding, Texas General Land Office, healthcare, insurance reform, patient access, insurance regulation, affordable care, health insurance, consumer rights, coverage transparency, claims process, insurance regulations, aggregate production, environmental impact, financial responsibility, reclamation
Summary:
The recent committee meeting addressed various critical bills, focusing primarily on water management and flood control across Texas. Notable discussions included House Bill 1177, which proposes introducing stricter penalties for floodplain violations, aiming to deliver swift accountability for ongoing offenses. Representative Cunningham highlighted the urgency of this issue, emphasizing that current enforcement mechanisms lead to prolonged legal challenges, which can heighten flood risks for vulnerable communities. This bill sparked numerous inquiries from members, showcasing the committee's commitment to improving flood management legislation.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session Apr 10th, 2025 at 09:00 am
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- We've also maintained funding for rural law enforcement
- Our rural law enforcement and prosecutors are essential parts of our communities, and this budget continues
- This adjustment will make them more on par with other law enforcement individuals in other state agencies
Are you aware that that laboratory trains law enforcement
This charge gives our law enforcement and prosecutors
Keywords:
appropriations, budget, state funding, education, healthcare, infrastructure, appropriations, state budget, mental health funding, education funding, infrastructure improvements, public safety, appropriations, budget, state funding, education, healthcare, infrastructure, groundwater, water conservation
Summary:
The committee meeting opened with a recognition of 'Donna Day', celebrating the contributions of the City of Donna to the state, led by various representatives. Significant discussions then shifted towards the budget matters, including the consideration of HB3794 about licensing and regulations concerning Advanced Practice Registered Nurses. Members expressed their support and acknowledged the importance of addressing healthcare provisions within the community. The discussion brought forth various motions aimed at suspending the rules to facilitate the timely deliberation of proposed bills and recommendations.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
Many rural river systems and flash flood alleys are
House Bill 26, relating to contracting with law enforcement
House Bill 192, relating to the funding of law enforcement
- "2034">House Bill 254, relating to the eligibility of a political subdivision for a grant from the Rural
Keywords:
real property theft, real property fraud, criminal offenses, restitution, elderly protection, disabled individuals, property tax exemption, title fraud, recording requirements, real property theft, real property fraud, criminal offenses, elderly protection, disability rights, recording requirements, restitution, disaster relief, emergency preparedness, flood management, local government grants
Summary:
The meeting featured crucial discussions surrounding several bills, notably Senate Bill 3, which focuses on establishing effective flood warning systems in Texas. Senator Betancourt introduced the bill, emphasizing its potential to save lives, especially in flood-prone areas. The legislation aims to identify high-risk locations, install outdoor warning systems, and provide necessary funding for implementation. Senator Hinojosa also discussed Senate Bill 16 Regarding real property fraud, which involves amendments requested by the Texas Department of Criminal Justice. The discussions reflected the urgency for these measures in light of recent events and highlighted collaborative efforts among legislators.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Public Education Feb 25th, 2025 at 10:00 am
House Public Education Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- So you can do either one under federal law.
- to getting and enforcing state law different with respect
- And is that just by virtue of state law?
- law and granting you enforcement and investigatory authority
- Well, I carry out the laws of the legislature, so whatever laws you all pass, I execute.
Keywords:
public education, funding, teacher retention, deficit budgets, legislative changes, Texas Education Agency, educational landscape, workforce development
Summary:
The House Committee on Public Education convened a comprehensive meeting focused on critical issues impacting education in Texas. Chairman Buckley emphasized the committee's commitment to providing the largest public education investment in the state’s history while addressing pressing concerns such as funding disparities, teacher retention, and legislative changes impacting the educational landscape. Notably, Commissioner Mike Morath presented an extensive report detailing the current state of public education, highlighting a pressing need for adequate funding aligned with student needs and the challenges posed by deficit budgets in various school districts stemming from overreliance on temporary federal funding sources.
US
Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session
Hearings to examine opportunities to strengthen water infrastructure programs, focusing on the IIJA's successes. Apr 30th, 2025 at 09:00 am
Senate Environment and Public Works Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- I am the president of the Nebraska Rural Water Association, which represents 467 rural water utilities—about
- Rural Water has built a trusted network of local experts who help small, rural, disadvantaged, and tribal
- Water systems across rural America...
- Many rural communities, including the...
- A lot of small rural communities, they stretch...
Keywords:
Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, water infrastructure, lead service lines, federal reauthorization, sustainability, cybersecurity
Summary:
The meeting primarily focused on discussions surrounding the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) and its implications for local water systems. Various witnesses highlighted the transformative impact of the bipartisan infrastructure law, which has provided an unprecedented amount of funding to help address long-standing issues in drinking water infrastructure, particularly concerning lead service line replacements and sustainability in water management. The discussions emphasized the urgent need for federal reauthorization to continue supporting these initiatives, as many rural and disadvantaged communities still face substantial barriers in upgrading their water systems. Additionally, cybersecurity risks were noted, raising concerns over the vulnerability of water systems across the nation.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Water, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs May 23rd, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
Senate Committee on Water, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs will come
Current law prohibits the Water Development Board from
- between rural and urban firefighting.
- Simply put, this is a common-sense benchmarking requirement that goes hand-in-hand with any law.
- You can get outvoted under the current law, and some people do in some regions, but the...
Keywords:
water management, groundwater, Texas Water Trust, sustainability, House Bill 3333, House Bill 4158, ecological rights
Summary:
The meeting of the committee focused on a variety of bills primarily concerning water management and rights. Significant discussions included House Bill 3333, which addressed the management of groundwater and was moved favorably with a recommendation for local and contested calendars. Additionally, House Bill 4158 was passed unanimously, relating to the oversight of ecological water rights dedicated to the Texas Water Trust. Members of the committee emphasized the importance of these bills for sustainable water management practices in the state, reflecting a shift towards more responsible governance in resource use.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Culture, Recreation & Tourism Apr 3rd, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Culture, Recreation & Tourism Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- The program, a function of the law enforcement division of the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, is
- The standard, are you generally familiar that Texas law already...
- enforcement program in Washington, D.C.
We enforce those laws against the oil and gas industry
- laws has led to wind energy projects no longer complying with U.S.
Keywords:
construction, wildlife impact, height restrictions, national wildlife refuge, environmental regulations, oyster mariculture, HB3724, ecological balance, migratory birds, construction regulations, environmental protection, public testimony
Summary:
The meeting focused on the discussion of several bills, with members engaging in detailed commentary on the implications of each legislative proposal. Notably, House Bill 3724, aimed at supporting oyster mariculture along the Texas coast, was highlighted by Representative Villalobos, who provided insights into its potential ecological benefits. Public testimony was sought, and Representative de Villalobos garnered support from environment advocates who emphasized the importance of maintaining healthy oyster populations for ecological balance. The discussion around this bill reflected a collaborative approach to environmental legislation, indicating a consensus on the need for sound management practices.
In addition, House Bill 3556 was introduced, which mandates notification to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department for the construction of tall structures that may pose risks to migratory birds. Representative Flores expressed concerns over potential exemptions for spaceflight structures, indicating the complexities of balancing development with environmental protection. The meeting concluded with several bills left pending, emphasizing a commitment to careful scrutiny and consideration of the legislative impacts before final decisions are made.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 2nd C.S.
Disaster Preparedness & Flooding, Select Aug 22nd, 2025 at 08:08 am
House Disaster Preparedness & Flooding, Select Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- ...program to provide grants to small, poor, rural counties
- This enforcement structure balances deterrence with due process and ensures there are.
- What used to be a sponge in the rural area is now covered in concrete and roofs.
- At this point, I come from an extremely rural area, and I gladly live in that rural area; to each their
- In fact, it's just a way of life if you're in the law enforcement public safety community.
Keywords:
disaster relief, grant program, loan program, infrastructure, recovery, Texas Division of Emergency Management, building standards, youth camps, floodplains, safety regulations, environmental policies, flood risk, campground, safety regulations, civil penalty, guest safety, county regulation, impervious cover, land use, unincorporated areas
Summary:
The committee meeting addressed multiple bills related to emergency preparedness and flood prevention, with significant discussions on HB48, SB3, and HB75. Representative Darby opened the meeting by advocating for the creation of a nine-member alert notification system to address public saturation with emergency alerts and to streamline the notification process by evaluating the effectiveness and coordination of existing systems. Testimonies from various stakeholders underscored the necessity of reducing alert fatigue among residents while enhancing the state’s overall readiness for impending natural disasters. The meeting featured robust support for HB75, aimed at establishing stricter safety standards for youth camps located in flood-prone areas following recent tragic flooding incidents that highlighted the urgent need for improved safety measures.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- It is legal under all applicable law.
- When you say it's problematic with the law, which law are we referring to?
- I hired a law firm, engaged a law firm that has decades of
- So I don't believe we framed it as rural.
- When you look at some of the case law.
Keywords:
disaster relief, emergency preparedness, flood management, local government grants, meteorological forecasting, state appropriations, school assessment, public education, accountability, transparency, education standards, abortion, civil liability, abortion-inducing drugs, qui tam actions, Texas Citizens Participation Act, Religious Freedom Restoration Act, healthcare regulations, judicial branch, court security
Summary:
The committee meeting primarily focused on the discussion of HB4, which pertains to redistricting. Chairman King emphasized the legal compliance of the proposed map and elaborated on its political advantages, stating that the map improves compactness while benefiting Republican candidates. The meeting saw extensive public testimony, with numerous participants voicing concerns about the map's legality and its implications on minority representation. Representative Smith highlighted that the overwhelming majority of public submissions expressed opposition to the redistricting bill, arguing that it disregards the constituents' voices. Debate ensued regarding the necessity and legality of the changes made, particularly concerning minority districts.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- We can team with law enforcement, reducing the risk of fatal...
- We work with our local law enforcement agencies to supply armed law enforcement officers at each campus
- We report and work closely with law enforcement.
- And then, I know these are legal terms in law enforcement, but...
- If there's a threat, we wait, hoping law enforcement arrives in time.
Keywords:
instructional materials, public schools, Education Code, adoption, rejected materials, local funds, open educational resources, instructional materials, Texas Education Code, rejected materials, school districts, open enrollment charter schools, funding restrictions, environmental regulation, business compliance, local authority, economic development, state preemption, instructional materials, public schools
Summary:
The meeting focused on key legislative measures aimed at enhancing school safety and student communication technology. Senator Nichols discussed SB1262, emphasizing its role as a follow-up cleanup bill on previous measures that improved public school safety through House Bill 3. The committee adopted a committee substitute which includes provisions for the Texas Education Agency to commission peace officers for school safety purposes, thereby enabling better collaboration with local law enforcement in case of emergencies. The discussions were enriched by testimony from resource witnesses, including security professionals from the Texas School Safety Center.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Unless, and unfortunately, if you're in the law enforcement profession and you're investigating...
- They are shielded by the law, and it's been my experience that law enforcement just looks the other way
- You think law enforcement looks the other way, so you think law enforcement is chilled by these exemptions
- And do you know if law enforcement will be here to testify to that effect?
- These laws exist, but they're not being enforced.
Bills:
HB14, HB106, HB146, HB267, HB274, HB1127, HB1359, HB1393, HB1584, HB1640, HB1710, HB2152, HCR101, HJR8, HR51
Keywords:
nuclear energy, advanced reactors, energy security, grant programs, Texas Advanced Nuclear Energy Office, government district, Austin, seating of government, municipality, local governance, District of Austin, state government, local governance, home-rule municipality, constitutional amendment, Austin, state government, local governance, district establishment, Travis County
Summary:
The committee meeting covered a wide range of bills with robust discussions centering around House Bill 267, which aims to limit the exhibition of harmful content to minors. Representative Patterson emphasized the importance of narrowing the affirmative defenses allowed for educators regarding such material, advocating for the protection of children from exposure to objectionable content at schools. His testimony sparked considerations about existing legal loopholes and heightened concerns over child sexualization in educational settings. The bill was left pending for further discussion. Additionally, significant support was noted for House Bill 1640, which seeks to improve transparency in the rooftop solar industry by requiring the Public Utility Commission to guide consumers in understanding solar installations better.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Juvenile Justice Mar 26th, 2025 at 08:00 am
House S/C on Juvenile Justice
Transcript Highlights:
- Not a single law enforcement agency or association testified in 2023 in the House.
- ... other law enforcement associations for this bill?
- enforcement, I absolutely believe in and support the benevolent blue presence of law enforcement.
- I sat with my law enforcement officer. I say my, that's okay, right? Like, okay.
- I think that law enforcement is so much more than just punishment and punitive measures.
Keywords:
housing, affordable housing, state regulations, zoning, local government authority, drug court, juvenile justice, diversion programs, rehabilitation, criminal justice reform, juvenile justice, remote proceedings, depositions, virtual hearings, court technology, criminal responsibility, juvenile justice, age of maturity, expungement, mental health services
Summary:
Additionally, House Bill 2147 was discussed, which proposes to expand the use of remote proceedings in juvenile justice, streamlining the process and making it more accessible to families. Supporters highlighted that this efficiency is crucial for ensuring that all parties can participate in hearings, especially as many families struggle with transportation. The meeting concluded with several bills remaining pending, showcasing the ongoing deliberation and consideration of how best to address juvenile crime and justice in the community.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Health and Human Services (Part II) Mar 5th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- Coming from a rural part of Texas myself, I see these patients after treatments at the gas stations,
- Texas has already passed a law to prohibit patients...
- ...But these laws currently only apply to a small portion
- ...Texas law applies to all health benefit plans provided
- If this bill was being rigorously enforced, would that be allowed? No.
Keywords:
Senate Bill 513, Senate Bill 916, Senate Bill 1122, healthcare transparency, child welfare, pharmacy benefit managers, community engagement
Summary:
The meeting of the committee witnessed significant discussions surrounding several Senate Bills aimed at healthcare and child welfare. Notably, Senate Bill 916, presented by multiple representatives, garnered positive testimonials from various stakeholders including emergency medical service leaders who emphasized the bill's potential to promote transparent billing practices, thereby reducing the financial burden on patients. The committee also heard extensive testimony supporting Senate Bill 1122, which aims to regulate pharmacy benefit managers to ensure that cancer patients are not forced into medication access issues. Stakeholders argued for and against the bill, suggesting that it may raise healthcare costs for Texas businesses in the long run, eliciting a vigorous debate.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- In our system, we use Horty Springer, a law firm that helps us to understand that conglomeration of laws
- My research has focused on the intersection of homelessness, housing, law enforcement, criminal justice
- It provides an alternative to law enforcement so that they can drop off people at this facility instead
- The bill facilitates the collaboration between law enforcement
- Gray brought up a minute ago, which is one of the primary frustrations that law enforcement has.
Keywords:
dentistry, botulinum toxin, aesthetic treatments, dental regulation, training, medical staff privileges, hospital administration, healthcare regulation, Texas Health and Safety Code, consistency in privileges, physician health, regulation, surcharges, occupational licensing, national practitioner data bank, healthcare, training, abuse, neglect, penalties
Summary:
The meeting primarily focused on discussions surrounding mental health and homelessness, particularly through the lens of SB2487, which aims to provide better mental health services and support systems for individuals in crisis. Testimonies highlighted the shortcomings of current interventions, which often lead to incarceration rather than treatment, and emphasized the need for a centralized hub to assist people experiencing mental health crises. Various stakeholders, including city officials and social service representatives, voiced their support for the bill, citing its potential to improve access to care and reduce the burden on emergency services, such as jails and hospitals. However, concerns were raised regarding the implementation and the potential for coercion in treatment options, suggesting that the bill could undermine established rights to voluntary mental health care.
The committee also addressed SB437, which pertains to modernizing training for substance use disorder providers in Texas, and SB660, regarding safety measures for emergency rooms. The overall tone of the meeting reflected a commitment to reforming how the state handles mental health crises and the intersection of homelessness, with a clear push for systems that prioritize compassionate care rather than punitive measures.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- However, our laws mandate that.
House Bill 26, relating to contracting with law enforcement
Relating to the funding of law enforcement agencies
- Relating to the funding of law enforcement agencies in certain
- enforcement.
Keywords:
real property theft, real property fraud, criminal offenses, restitution, elderly protection, disabled individuals, property tax exemption, title fraud, recording requirements, real property theft, real property fraud, criminal offenses, elderly protection, disability rights, recording requirements, restitution, disaster relief, emergency preparedness, flood management, local government grants
Summary:
The meeting featured extensive discussions centered on several legislative bills, particularly focusing on House Bill 8, which aims to reform public school accountability and testing methods in Texas. The bill's sponsor passionately argued for its transformative potential, highlighting the replacement of the STAAR test with shorter, more frequent assessments to better measure student performance. Amendments were proposed to restore social studies testing, emphasizing the importance of history in Texas education. The bill ultimately passed with a vote of 21 ayes and 5 nays, showcasing strong support among the members.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- You know that I represent about 16 counties, the vast majority of them rural.
- It's actually a rural Texas bill.
- rural students.
- So, not only is it, as I mentioned to Senator Gutierrez, this bill helps rural Texas.
- , rural Texas members to just step aside and keep the status quo.
Keywords:
Maverick County, recognition, economic development, Texas Senate, community celebration, education savings accounts, SB2, transparency, accountability, amendments, special education, public funds, student discrimination
Summary:
The meeting focused extensively on the amendments and discussions pertaining to SB2, which is aimed at establishing an education savings account program. Various members presented and debated amendments that targeted transparency, accountability, and potential conflicts of interest within the private education sector. Notably, Senator Cook proposed an amendment to require educational service providers to make their budgets public, while Senator Blanco highlighted the need for disclosures relevant to parents of special education and English language learners. The bill saw intense discussion around protecting taxpayer dollars and ensuring that the provisions did not segregate or discriminate against students within the program.
Throughout the meeting, the committee demonstrated robust engagement with both proponents and opponents of the bill, examining the implications of the proposed amendments critically. The overall atmosphere suggested a strong desire to balance educational freedom with accountability and oversight. The meeting concluded with calls for diligence in ensuring that public funds are appropriately utilized, setting the stage for future discussions as the bill proceeds through the legislative process.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Holly has been providing health care to some of our rural areas in the Panhandle and areas that...
- She's on a mission to try to bring health care to these rural areas, and it's been a labor of love.
- There's no good policy reason to enforce anti-rebating laws by lawsuit. This bill moves the life.
- I said, "Well, that's a stupid state law."
- It is still a very rural activity, and so oftentimes you may say, well, we've lost...
Keywords:
advanced practice registered nurse, health maintenance organization, preferred provider, insurance, healthcare access, healthcare, insurance, provider ranking, cost-sharing, fiduciary duty, patient choice, insurance, annuities, health coverage, trade practices, rebates, inducements, health promotion, wellness programs, insurance
Summary:
The meeting of the House Committee on Insurance was a significant gathering that focused on various health-related bills, including HB138, AB388, HB1942, and others. The committee heard testimony from multiple stakeholders, including representatives from the Texas Medical Association, who emphasized the importance of health insurance transparency and compliance. Notably, HB1818 garnered attention as it aims to enhance the oversight of utilization review processes, which has previously faced challenges from both insurers and healthcare providers. The committee also discussed measures to improve the prescribed burning insurance under HB2563, a critical topic due to the increasing risk of wildfires in Texas. Several witnesses provided insights into the urgent need for a robust insurance framework to support prescribed burn managers, highlighting the current limitations and risks posed by the lack of coverage in the market.
US
Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session
Hearings to examine the nomination of Rodney Scott, of Oklahoma, to be Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security. Apr 30th, 2025 at 09:00 am
Senate Finance Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- That's literally the motivation, and in law enforcement, it becomes officer safety issues.
- They want CBP officers to actually enforce the laws that are on the books.
- This is no different in the trade environment than in the law enforcement world.
- enforcement officers to not enforce the law that's in front of them.
As I've engaged with our law enforcement...
Keywords:
Customs and Border Protection, Rodney Scott, border security, asylum, transparency, Hernandez Rojas, migrant treatment, public testimony
Summary:
The meeting centered on the nomination of Rodney Scott to serve as the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). Throughout the session, various senators expressed concerns regarding CBP's recent practices, including issues related to border security and the treatment of migrants. Questions were raised about Scott's involvement in previous incidents, particularly surrounding the controversial death of Mr. Hernandez Rojas while in custody, which sparked a heated discussion about accountability and transparency in current border policies. Senators emphasized the importance of balancing efficient border security with humane treatment of individuals seeking asylum.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
The current law states that first responders who suffer
- This is especially beneficial for patients living in rural areas.
- Compliance costs will be lower for these merchants, and it also lowers the enforcement costs.
- Jennifer Simansky, I'm the Deputy Executive Director for CLEAT, the Combined Law Enforcement Associations
- We're representing over 28,000 law enforcement officers today on this bill.
Bills:
SB1331, SB1375, SB1443, SB1578, SB2251, SB2519, SB2553, SB2655, SB2764, SB2907, SB3030, SB3033, SB3035, SB3036, SB3037, SB3043, SB3047, SB3050, SB3051, SB3056, SB3057, SB3063, HB9, HB467, HB331, HB1244, HB1399, HB2559, HB2730, HB3307, HJR1, HJR99, SB3048, SB3052, SB3053, SJR78, HB1327, HB2723
Keywords:
civil service, firefighters, police officers, municipalities, local government, repeal, voter petition, health care, provider participation, local government, continuation programs, population-based regulation, health care provider participation, Medicaid, local government, hospital funding, voluntary compliance, mandatory payments, public health, healthcare program
Summary:
The committee meeting saw the discussion of several significant bills aimed at reducing the tax burden on small businesses and addressing public services in municipalities. Notably, Senate Bill 2907, introduced by Senator West, proposes to exempt perishable inventory and pharmaceutical goods from property taxes. This bill received robust support during public testimony, with various stakeholders emphasizing its potential to lower food prices and improve business conditions. Similarly, Senate Bill 1331 addressed the protective measures for smaller municipalities facing threats from petitions to remove municipal services, aiming to reduce the requisite population threshold for such actions. The lively discussions underscored the committee's commitment to supporting local communities and businesses in a challenging economic climate.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 1st C.S.
Senate Select Committee on Disaster Preparedness and Flooding Aug 8th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- An elected law enforcement officer, county judge, or an appointed public officer of the state or a political
- JPs do have discretion, and they are taught the law and they implement the law.
- It would have to be a law enforcement agency that does
- And you'd have to have a law enforcement agency.
- You've got to work with the law enforcement office. Lots of things.
Keywords:
disaster response, Senate Bill 1, Senate Bill 2, flood management, water conservation, public safety, training and education, emergency management
Summary:
The committee meeting focused on several critical bills related to disaster response and water conservation. Senate Bill 1, the Natural Disaster Omnibus Bill, was extensively discussed, with testimonies reflecting on recent flooding incidents in Texas. Senator Perry emphasized the need for policy solutions to prevent future tragedies following historic flooding that resulted in significant loss of life. The committee adopted the committee substitutes for both SB1 and SB13 without objection, highlighting the broad support for these initiatives aimed at water conservation and improved emergency response protocols. Additionally, members expressed the importance of training and educating officials involved in disaster management to ensure they are equipped to handle emergencies effectively.