Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'county judges'
Page 44 of 51
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Keith Pinkard, the Chief Medical Examiner for Travis County.
- I am the Chief of Staff at the Harris County Institute.
- The institute serves two basic functions for Harris County.
- The Harris Center, where I am, serves 58 of these counties.
- And so they're critical up in Tarrant County as well.
Bills:
HB35, HB4490, HB4454, HB2188, HB3794, HB3078, HB4743, HB2556, HB46, HB5342, HB4783, HB3785, HB1639, HB2581, HB4224, HB4070, HB4099, HB4882, HB5278
Keywords:
peer support, first responders, mental health, confidentiality, emergency services, disclosure, next of kin, public information, deceased persons, privacy rights, patient solicitation, marketing practices, healthcare regulation, task force, deceptive advertising, nurse aide, certification, Texas Board of Nursing, healthcare workforce, nursing standards
Summary:
The meeting convened to discuss various health-related bills, with significant emphasis placed on addressing substance abuse and the associated healthcare challenges in Texas. Notable discussions revolved around HB5342, which aims to sustain 988 operations to aid individuals in crisis, while HB4454 focuses on updating laws to combat unethical patient brokering within substance use treatment programs. Various witnesses, including healthcare professionals, provided testimony supporting these initiatives, highlighting the impact of substance abuse on public health and the necessity for legislative backing in these areas. The committee heard from several members who articulated the urgency of implementing effective measures to address substance abuse, especially with the rising concerns around opioid-related deaths and treatment accessibility in underserved areas.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Higher Education Apr 8th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Higher Education Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- bill is only effective on the campus there in Brazos County
- You have it bracketed to Brazos County. Is that correct?
- But currently, right now, yes, it's just limited to the campuses in Brazos County.
- data-time="6768">So yes, there could be a time in the future where we'll need to go beyond Brazos County
- An individual who's growing up in a small county has a different lifestyle and a different way of doing
Keywords:
higher education, funding, financial allocation, state budget, Texas A&M University, University of Houston, education funding, medical education, osteopathic medicine, higher education, healthcare workforce, Tarleton State University, industry-recognized credentials, higher education, workforce development, career opportunities, feasibility study, student fees, university funding, student union
Summary:
The meeting of the committee addressed multiple bills aimed at improving educational structures and policies in Texas. Key discussions revolved around HB1233, presented by Representative Howard, focusing on integrating industry-recognized credentials into degree programs to better equip students for the workforce. Additionally, HB3148 sparked significant debate as it proposed limiting automatic admissions based on class rank, addressing concerns about equitable access to education across diverse populations. Furthermore, the committee discussed HB4361, aiming to enhance campus safety through standardized emergency procedures, highlighting the importance of clear communication in higher education settings.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Appropriations - S/C on Article II Feb 26th, 2025 at 08:00 am
House Appropriations - S/C on Article II
Transcript Highlights:
We've seen with the measles epidemic in Gaines County
- We know that about 8% of Texas EMS agencies currently carry blood products, and 40 counties only have
- Our hope is to bring blood eventually to every county in the state of Texas.
- He was bleeding to death in a rural county, and he got pre-hospital blood because he happens to live
- data-time="2466">It is imperative that programs are funded to reach Texans, young and old, in all 254 counties
Keywords:
House Appropriations, budget, public testimony, tobacco control, vaping, youth programs, funding, addiction prevention
Summary:
The meeting of the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Article 2 featured public testimony focused on the budget and specific funding needs within various state agencies. A significant amount of discussion centered around tobacco control efforts, where multiple witnesses emphasized the need for increased funding to combat tobacco and vaping among youth. Zoe Pippin, a high school student, shared personal experiences of how vaping has impacted her peers, advocating for more educational and prevention resources to address the addiction issues in her small community. This sentiment resonated with many committee members, prompting them to consider expanding support for tobacco prevention programs.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- There have been some county jails that did send individuals across state lines, but within our system
- If we had, for instance, in the county jails, there's roughly 4,000...
- We serve approximately 50 different counties.
- are currently 121 counties represented.
- Currently, we have a total of 646 civilly committed clients from 121 counties.
Keywords:
Texas Department of Criminal Justice, rehabilitation programs, budget cuts, recidivism, inmate education, employment training
Summary:
The House Committee on Corrections convened to discuss various operational issues and concerns surrounding the Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Notably, Executive Director Brian Collier highlighted ongoing initiatives to enhance inmate rehabilitation services, including job training programs aimed at reducing recidivism rates. While the session was not dedicated to voting on bills, the committee reviewed the budget cuts impacting correctional facilities, which raised questions regarding the potential effects on facility operations and inmate management. Concerns were also aired about maintaining standards for educational programs within the correctional framework.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session Jan 15th, 2025 at 10:01 am
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- House and Gallery will please rise for the invocation, offered by the Honorable Ken King of Hemphill County
- Pledge of Allegiance to the U.S. and Texas flag will be led by the Honorable John McQueenie of Tarrant County
- Pledge of Allegiance to the U.S. and Texas flag will be led by the Honorable John McQueenie of Tarrant County
Summary:
The meeting commenced with acknowledgments and thanks from the speaker for the staff's efforts in ensuring the session's success. Several members expressed their gratitude for the law enforcement presence which contributed to the safety of all attendees. The chair recognized members for various announcements, including a birthday celebration for a colleague, which contributed to a familial atmosphere within the chamber despite the busy schedule. Notably, Representative Guerin introduced SCR 7, which authorized the legislature to adjourn for more than three days, allowing for a planned break in procedures until the following Wednesday.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Jurisprudence (Part II)Audio only. May 14th, 2025
Senate Jurisprudence Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- marker="13" data-time="112">Senator Johnson moves the bill be recommended for local and uncontested counties
- " data-time="150"> Senator Middleton moves the bill be recommended for the local and uncontested counties
- Dean of the Senate regarding the appointment and compensation of bailiffs in certain courts in Webb County
Keywords:
judgment enforcement, court fees, child support enforcement, dormant judgments, legal proceedings, child enrollment, parent rights, managing conservator, education, family law, civil liability, barratry, penalties, legal actions, damages, Senate Committee on Jurisprudence, HB2495, HB2733, parent-child relationship, barratry
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Jurisprudence convened to discuss a series of bills concerning various legal topics, notably the rights of custodial parents, barratry, and civil liabilities. Throughout the meeting, each bill was presented by committee members, who moved for favorable recommendations to the full Senate. Among the bills discussed, HB2495 addressed the rights of the sole managing conservator in relation to school enrollment, and HB2733 focused on barratry and solicitation of employment. All bills discussed received unanimous support, reflecting a cooperative atmosphere among committee members.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Energy Resources Mar 24th, 2025 at 11:00 am
House Energy Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- As an example, the Sheriff of Winkler County told me he only has
I also testified with the Sheriff of Howard County
- There are many counties, like Winkler County that was referred
- to, that are operating with a couple of deputies on the day shift to cover the whole county, dealing
- Atlanta counties.
Keywords:
oil waste, gas waste, liability, treatment processes, environmental safety, beneficial use, oil and gas, infrastructure protection, natural disasters, cybersecurity, emergency preparedness, interstate compact, liquefied natural gas, energy resources, Gulf Coast, regulatory coordination, liquefied natural gas, export regulations, geothermal injection wells, energy infrastructure security
Summary:
The meeting of the committee focused on the discussion and advancement of several key bills, notably HB1285, HB2890, HB1971, and HB1169. Chairman Darby opened the session by presenting HB2890, addressing the economic impact of liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports, particularly in light of recent federal pauses on LNG projects which have affected Texas significantly. The committee heard testimonies regarding the necessity of increasing communication between Gulf states to protect the industry, illustrating the importance of unified action against federal regulations that may harm Texas's LNG sector.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- County, is a mental health and primary care shortage area.
- O'Dell, what would the impact be on rural counties?
- How many physicians, especially in the rural counties?
- Linn County Hospital has served the community since 1973.
- There are 32 counties in Texas without a primary care doctor, but every county in Texas has a licensed
Bills:
HB35, HB4490, HB4454, HB2188, HB3078, HB4743, HB2556, HB46, HB5342, HB4783, HB3785, HB5278, HB1639, HB2581, HB4224, HB4070, HB4099, HB4882, HB3794
Keywords:
peer support, first responders, mental health, confidentiality, emergency services, disclosure, next of kin, public information, deceased persons, privacy rights, patient solicitation, marketing practices, healthcare regulation, task force, deceptive advertising, nurse aide, certification, Texas Board of Nursing, healthcare workforce, nursing standards
Summary:
The meeting of the Committee on Public Health addressed a range of health-related bills, with significant discussions surrounding House Bill 3717, aimed at establishing a grant program for clinical trials related to Ibogaine as a treatment for opioid use disorder. Representative Harris presented the bill, which received unanimous support from the committee. Other bills, such as House Bill 3800, which seeks to create an advisory group for local workforce partnerships in education and health care, were also approved with committee substitutes, reflecting clarifications made for better implementation. The overall atmosphere was positive with members actively engaging in voting and discussion.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
State Affairs (Part I) May 22nd, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- McElroy and her family were driving from their home in Fort Worth to my parents' house in Johnson County
- The committee was requested by the County and District Clerks Association and differs from the bill as
- Does the county have the ability to postpone it without
- I'm the EMS Chief for Williamson County.
I'm Doug Barner, Williamson County Sheriff's Office
Keywords:
committee meeting, HB4749, SB621, HB201, HB3133, deepfake legislation, social media, public testimony, tactical medical professionals
Summary:
The meeting conducted by the committee saw extensive discussion surrounding several key bills, including HB4749, SB621, and HB201. Notably, HB3133, which involves legislation regarding explicit deepfake content and social media, was presented and debated vigorously with a committee substitute being proposed to align it with federal standards following the recent federal 'Take It Down' Act. The committee moved to report several bills favorably, including HB1506, emphasizing support for updating laws concerning political contributions and expenditures. Public testimonies were held on various bills, allowing stakeholders to voice their perspectives, particularly on legislation concerning tactical medical professionals and their role during high-risk incidents. The committee concluded the meeting by laying out additional bills for further discussion in subsequent sessions, underscoring a commitment to thorough legislative review.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Calhoun and Aransas, as well as parts of another county.
- Chairman Hunter and I share some of those counties.
- I work for Harris County.
- County Institute of Forensic Sciences.
- I'm the Chief Medical Examiner for Travis County, similar to the...
Bills:
HB106, HB144, HB145, HB252, HB1732, HB2221, HB2467, HB2468, HB2517, HB2518, HB2963, HB3016, HB3689, HB3960, HB4386, HB4490, HB4751, HB5247, HJR175, HB2213
Keywords:
electric utility, distribution poles, inspection, public safety, compliance plan, wildfire mitigation, utilities, electric service, liability, risk management, self-insurance, Texas Division of Emergency Management, employment compensation, state agencies, salary payments, general appropriations, government efficiency, massage therapy, regulation, licensing
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Business and Commerce convened to discuss a wide range of bills, including key pieces of legislation such as HB1922 and HB145, which address utilities' wildfire mitigation efforts. There was a notable emphasis on the importance of strengthening Texas' approach to dealing with electric utility liabilities and improving operational strategies in the event of wildfires. Public testimony was heard, with various stakeholders advocating for and expressing concerns about elements of the proposed regulations, highlighting the nuanced positions citizens and organizations hold regarding energy management and environmental safety. Additionally, several bills were reported favorably to the full Senate, indicating a smooth legislative progress during the meeting.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Academic & Career-Oriented Education Mar 5th, 2025 at 02:00 pm
House S/C on Academic & Career-Oriented Education
Transcript Highlights:
We support, in four districts in Tarrant County, about
- ...right in Tarrant County.
- Okay, thank you for making the drive from Tarrant County.
- In Fort Bend County, we issued 1,500 certificates in floral
- In Fort Bend County, for instance, there's a particular type of manufacturing, and those machines cost
Keywords:
applied sciences, career education, high school diploma, certificate program, work-based learning, job placement, high-growth jobs, technical training, career readiness, education reform, workforce training, public schools, financial aid, career and technical education, House Bill 120, House Bill 112, guidance counselors, funding, rural education, artificial intelligence
Summary:
The meeting focused on significant discussions surrounding career and technical education, particularly in relation to House Bills 120 and 112. Various representatives and experts testified on the importance of enhancing CTE accessibility for students, especially those in economically disadvantaged and rural areas. Notably, there was strong advocacy for integrating current job market needs into curriculum offerings, including emerging fields like artificial intelligence. The committee heard passionate arguments about the need for better funding for guidance counselors and CTE programs to prepare students for high-demand jobs, while ensuring they can earn post-secondary credits.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- data-time="2286">The other project would be the expansion of the DPS Training Facility in Williamson County
- And it was in Starr County, and that's where we did our first
- a mile and a half on one site and another mile and a half on another, and they were both in Starr County
- Okay, maybe several miles or maybe a county.
- Let's look at this, let's go to this county, Maverick County versus Zapata County or whatever.
Keywords:
Public Utility Commission, Senate Bill 1929, HB2555, crypto mining, system resiliency, infrastructure standards, Permian Basin
Summary:
The meeting primarily focused on the activities and initiatives of the Public Utility Commission (PUC) since the last legislative session. Key discussions included the implementation of Senate Bill 1929 regarding large crypto miners in Texas, which has led to 12 companies registering with the PUC and a projected demand of around 4,000 megawatts. Additionally, the committee addressed system resiliency plans authorized by HB2555, which allows electric utilities to file these plans to better handle extreme weather events and security threats. The meeting showcased the ongoing efforts to ensure infrastructure can meet growing demands, particularly in the rapidly expanding Permian Basin, and highlighted the need for minimum standards for utility infrastructure design, construction, and maintenance to improve resiliency against adverse conditions.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Energy Resources Apr 14th, 2025 at 02:04 pm
House Energy Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- I represent myself as a landowner and a pecan farmer in southwest Kimble County.
- My parents live in northwest Harris County where I was born and raised.
- And at least in Maverick County, we have deposited the proceeds into the registry of the court.
- I suppose it depends on what the interest rate the county
- They're at the county clerk's office and that's all good.
Keywords:
surface estate, well plugging, Railroad Commission, landowner rights, liability, strategic reserve, gas supply, petroleum products, disaster response, Railroad Commission of Texas, energy security, emergency planning, oil and gas waste, Railroad Commission, environmental regulation, waste management, mining pits, groundwater monitoring, oil and gas waste, regulation
Summary:
The committee meeting centered around the discussion of several bills, primarily focusing on environmental and transparency issues related to oil and gas operations. Notably, a bill introduced by Representative Rosenthal (HB5105) aimed to enhance transparency for royalty owners concerning suspension of payments, requiring operators to notify them of any reasons for such suspensions. During the meeting, multiple witnesses testified, emphasizing the necessity of protecting landowners' rights and ensuring responsible management of hazardous waste from oil operations. Additionally, the committee heard about HB4572, which aimed to require landowner consent before the burial of waste on their properties, highlighting the importance of land and groundwater protection amidst growing concerns of contamination from reserve pits used in the oil and gas industry.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Appropriations - S/C on Article II Feb 25th, 2025 at 08:00 am
House Appropriations - S/C on Article II
Transcript Highlights:
- he has in our county jail system.
- I just had them send me this information from the Dallas County Jail.
- area as well as the surrounding counties where we know there's an active outbreak.
- in Brazoria County.
- to address some of the needs that he has in our county jail system.
Keywords:
SNAP benefits, fraud, Texas Health and Human Services, budget, congenital syphilis, state peace officers, public health
Summary:
The meeting of the House Appropriations Subcommittee focused on the budget and operational needs of the Health and Human Services Commission (HHSC), with a particular emphasis on addressing the significant issue of SNAP benefit theft. Key discussions included the challenges faced by the agency in combating fraud, the need for increased support for state peace officers, and the implications of rising health concerns such as congenital syphilis, which has seen an alarming increase in Texas. Representatives expressed their concerns about handling these issues effectively and discussed the importance of resource allocation to prevent further fraud and provide adequate care to Texans in need.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- span marker="454" data-time="2718"> Another woman who lives in a mixed area; she lives in Cherokee County
- Mama's not going to live in a county that...
- The Southern Sector of Dallas County serves over a million patients.
- So Ben Taub is level one, only one of two level ones in Harris County. LBJ is a...
- Well, I'm a Harris County member, so that's why I'm asking for my own stuff here, while he's here.
Bills:
HB712, HB722, HB946, HB1687, HB1809, HB1899, HB2528, HB2583, HB2741, HB2750, HB3021, HB3150, HB3265, HB3658, HB3812, HB3960, HB4392, HB4432
Keywords:
prostate cancer, health benefit plans, insurance coverage, cost sharing, preventive health care, auto insurance, total loss evaluation, disclosure, insurance materials, vehicle appraisal, health benefits, out-of-pocket expenses, government employees, deductibles, medical services, fireworks, public safety, age requirement, permits, occupational licenses
Summary:
The House Committee on Insurance convened to discuss multiple bills aimed at enhancing consumer protection and improving access to essential services. Notable discussions included HB2528, which seeks to eliminate prior authorization requirements for medications treating substance use disorders, thereby expediting access to crucial treatments for Texans. Representative Boosie laid out HB722, addressing transparency in auto insurance valuation processes, prompting engagement from various witnesses on how current practices potentially exploit consumers. Members voiced concerns about the intersection of bureaucratic delays and the urgency of addiction treatment, emphasizing the bill's potential life-saving implications.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- People move in and out, and I know my home county two years ago was the sixth fastest growing county
And if we go to regional, there are 254 counties in
- four of them in different regions, but three of these districts are right here in Houston, Harris County
- have four hearings, and they're going to be regional, but three of these districts are in Harris County
- If we have one in Fort Worth, we'll get a good crowd of people from Tarrant County.
Keywords:
redistricting, Senate procedures, public input, Texas Legislature, amendments, redistricting, Texas Senate, congressional districts, public input, legislative procedures, redistricting, Senate procedures, congressional districts, public input, legislative transparency, redistricting, Senate rules, congressional districts, public hearings, committee procedures
Summary:
The meeting focused primarily on the congressional redistricting resolution prompted by the governor's request due to constitutional concerns flagged by the U.S. Department of Justice. Members discussed the procedural steps necessary to establish a special committee on congressional redistricting, emphasizing the need for transparency and public participation. Concerns were raised about the limited number of planned regional hearings and the implications for community input. A strong commitment to include public testimony through both in-person and virtual means was stated, ensuring that Texans can engage with the process regardless of their geographical location.
Discussions included the necessity of adopting prior successful procedures similar to those in past sessions, with an acknowledgment of the unique challenges posed by current legal requirements. Members expressed varying viewpoints on balancing the need for thorough public participation while addressing logistical challenges inherent in the redistricting process. Overall, the meeting demonstrated a collaborative atmosphere aimed at crafting a fair and lawful redistricting plan while acknowledging the diverse opinions of constituents throughout Texas.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- I'm Stan Parker, the sheriff in Howard County.
- Our county alone gets...
- We probably have 20 disposal wells in our county alone.
- And especially you, Sheriff Parker, for making the trip from Howard County.
- But it doesn't cover the southern portion that includes Howard County.
Keywords:
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, water regulation, environmental protection, pesticide management, natural resources, LP-gas, property owner notice, natural resources, gas installations, safety notification, petroleum theft, task force, oil and gas, law enforcement, economic impact, environmental regulation, water permits, oil and gas, water quality, land application
Summary:
The meeting focused on significant issues surrounding oil field theft in Texas, specifically through the discussions on Senate Bills 494 and 766. Key testifiers included law enforcement representatives who outlined the challenges they face in combatting organized oil theft. Notably, Sheriff Stan Parker shared that his county reports upwards of 1,500 barrels of oil stolen monthly, highlighting the complexity of jurisdictional coordination and the demand for increased resources to tackle these crimes effectively. The committee recognized the need for improved communication and collaborative efforts between law enforcement and the oil industry.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- This is just bringing Exeter County and the City of Odessa
- purpose is to designate a portion of Highway 281 as the Ernesto Solis Cantu Memorial Highway in Brooks County
- Also a respected figure in Brooks County, known for his contribution
- by the people in Brooks County to this day.
- data-time="1764"> House Bill 2061 seeks to designate a portion of State Highway 242 in Montgomery County
Keywords:
driver's license, vision correction, medical verification, Texas Department of Public Safety, renewal fees, Senate Transportation Committee, House Bill 647, public safety, high-speed rail, public testimony, license renewal, DPS, transportation legislation
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Transportation Committee included crucial discussions surrounding various bills pertaining to transportation and public safety. Notably, House Bill 647 was presented to streamline the process for individuals who have undergone corrective eye surgery, allowing them to update their driver's licenses without needing to visit the Department of Public Safety in person. This bill was celebrated for potentially decreasing traffic at DMV offices and optimizing resources, with members expressing general support and a positive sentiment surrounding its passage. Additionally, public testimony was gathered for House Bill 2003, concerning high-speed rail projects, where witnesses voiced differing opinions, emphasizing the bill's relevance to current transit challenges and community impacts.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Energy Resources May 12th, 2025 at 08:05 am
House Energy Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- span marker="46" data-time="270"> What the bill effectively does is ban these fuel depots in border counties
Specifically in Hidalgo County, we have what we refer
- The chair recalls Rose Benavides, President of Stark County Industrial. Welcome, Ms. Benavides.
- President, Stark County Industrial, and you're here testifying neutral on SB 2949. Is that correct?
- We in Economic Development for Stark County don't work necessarily directly with the market bridge, but
Keywords:
LP-gas, property owner notice, natural resources, gas installations, safety notification, HB2, SB2949, fuel regulations, gas facilities, Texas-Mexico border, public safety, illegal fuel operations
Summary:
The meeting featured robust discussions surrounding several bills, particularly focusing on HB2 and SB2949, which aim to establish better regulations for gas facilities and address concerns over fuel transportation. Representative Rosenthal introduced HB2, explaining its intent to improve protocols for gas installations, and shared a personal account of safety concerns that arose from similar incidents in his area. SB2949 was discussed with emphasis on curbing illegal fuel operations while protecting legitimate trade across the Texas-Mexico border. The bill drew attention due to a rise in fuel-related crimes and the need for effective tracking of fuel movements. Both bills left pending, highlighting the committee's commitment to revisiting and refining the proposed measures.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Business and Commerce (Part I) Apr 1st, 2025
Senate Business & Commerce Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- and Tom Green County, and we're here in support of this bill
- Your concern is that the government entities, whether it be a city, county, uh, County, then it's the taxpayers paying the bill.
- specialty contractors to build the first reservoir, our basin, the Arbuckle Reservoir in Wharton County
- The project will be about 180 megawatts and represent a $250 million investment in the county.
Keywords:
electric generation, reliability, ERCOT, Public Utility Commission, penalties, performance requirements, energy policy, construction contracts, compensatory damages, government delays, contractor, legislation, broadband access, tax reduction, internet service, rural connectivity, infrastructure funding, distributed energy resources, interconnection, ERCOT
Summary:
The Business Commerce Committee meeting was marked by the successful reporting of several bills, notably Senate Bill 783, SB1238, and SB1706, all of which received unanimous support from committee members. The chair facilitated discussions around the potential implications of these bills, with committee members highlighting the necessity for timely updates to current legislation. Public testimonies were heard regarding Senate Bill 1968, emphasizing its efforts to clarify the agent-buyer relationship in real estate transactions through the introduction of written representation agreements. Additionally, concerns were raised about regulations regarding backup generation for energy loads in the Senate Bill 2321 discussion, reflecting ongoing discussions about balancing energy needs with environmental regulations.