Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'local economy'
Page 46 of 55
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Juvenile Justice Apr 3rd, 2025 at 08:04 am
House S/C on Juvenile Justice
Transcript Highlights:
- Preventive measures are often offered by local education
- House Bill 3513 is a local bill that makes changes to the Moore County Juvenile Board.
- Again, this is a local bill for just one county. It was brought to me by my constituents.
Two, do you want us to... follow the code of local
- just presented to us that takes care of some logistics issues with the local board.
Keywords:
truancy, school attendance, parent responsibility, education code, community service, criminal record nondisclosure, juvenile board, Moore County, appointments, juvenile justice, county legislation, Juvenile Justice, HB1988, HB3276, personal identifiable information, accountability in juvenile system
Summary:
The Subcommittee on Juvenile Justice convened a meeting where they voted on several bills, notably HB1988, which allows the Texas Juvenile Justice Department to disclose personally identifiable information about former juvenile offenders with their consent. The motion to advance HB1988 passed with a four to one vote. The committee also discussed HB3276, aimed at holding individuals working with juveniles accountable for misconduct, which received considerable support from the committee members. The discourse highlighted the importance of protective measures for the juvenile justice system, ensuring that any individuals found unfit to serve would be effectively barred from such roles.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- May it go to local, sir.
- Senator Paxton moves that the committee substitute for Senate Bill 2392 be recommended for the local
- Is there a reason it's local?
- Senate Bill 2927 be recommended for the local non-contested
- Members, this bill relates to the membership of a school district's local School Health Advisory Council
Bills:
SB2972, SB1909, SB2815, SB735, SB2233, SB800, SB1069, SB2683, SB2986, SB2058, SB2310, SB2055, SB1032
Keywords:
expressive activities, freedom of speech, public forum, higher education, protests, student rights, antisemitism, higher education, public institutions, disciplinary policy, student organizations, antisemitism, higher education, public institutions, disciplinary policy, compliance, antisemitism, higher education, public institutions, institutional policy
Summary:
During this meeting of the Senate Education Committee, multiple bills were discussed, focusing on educational policies and procedures. Notably, Senate Bill 1241 was introduced by Senator Middleton, which proposed a committee substitute for establishing standardized college entrance exams accepted by Texas public universities. The committee engaged in significant dialogue about the necessity of addressing concerns surrounding exam equivalency standards, and the need for a data-driven approach to admissions decisions. Various committee members voiced their support for the enhancements proposed in the substitute, leading to its unanimous adoption and favorable recommendation to the full Senate.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Oversight committees like the OPO can also save our local government's money by catching problems early
- not local control. That's a lack of oversight.
- ...or a local oversight body, the agency must release it.
- ...three of the local government code.
- That's a local 501(c)(3) nonprofit called the Challenger Street Newspaper.
Keywords:
sex designation, privacy rights, public facilities, civil penalties, gender-specific spaces, Texas Women's Privacy Act, law enforcement, employee misconduct, department file, personnel records, confidentiality, SB14, police accountability, transparency, misconduct records, public trust, civil rights, community relations
Summary:
The meeting centered on a heated discussion regarding SB14, which proposed changes to how police misconduct records are managed and accessed. Numerous witnesses, including representatives from civil rights organizations and concerned citizens, expressed strong opposition to the bill, arguing that it would significantly reduce transparency and accountability within law enforcement agencies. Testimonies highlighted historical failures in police accountability and emphasized the importance of public access to misconduct records to restore community trust. The committee received both emotional appeals and expert opinions, painting a vivid picture of the potential negative impacts of the proposed legislation on police-community relations.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Natural Resources Mar 26th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Natural Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- the full House with the recommendation that it do pass, be printed, and be sent to the Committee on Local
- the full House with the recommendation that it do pass, be printed, and be sent to the Committee on Local
- It is an effort by 27 entities—both public entities, private entities, local entities, state entities
- By uniting local governments, public and private utilities, we reduce duplication of effort and lower
- The local use wells are only 20,000 acre-feet, but when you add it all up, it's over 90,000 acre-feet
Keywords:
groundwater, export fees, conservation district, interlocal contracts, water supply, groundwater, water conservation, permit application, neighboring districts, aquifer, water rates, utility regulation, financial hardship, rate increase cap, Class A utilities, dissolution, special districts, water code, inactive districts, environmental quality
Summary:
The committee meeting focused on addressing several important water-related bills, including HB391, HB420, and HB2626 among others. Representative Bell presented updates on HB391 related to accountability for rural water districts, achieving a consensus for statewide applicability and allowing for virtual meetings. Multiple testimonies were heard, showcasing both support for and concerns regarding the bills, specifically emphasizing the significance of maintaining water resources and addressing community needs amid Texas's growth. Representative Buckley advocated for HB2626 aimed at establishing the Central Texas Water Alliance to ensure sustainable water management across the region, which involves collaboration among various public, private, and state entities.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Health and Human Services Mar 18th, 2025
Senate Health & Human Services Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Is that Senate Bill 53 be recommended for the local and uncontested calendar?
Members, that cannot go to local and.
- Senator Hughes moves that Senate Bill 541 be recommended for the local calendar.
- The accident prompted local action in the city of Austin.
- When you say we want to do this on the local level, how does that work out for them?
Keywords:
immunization, written informed consent, civil liability, health care provider, vaccine compensation, administrative penalty, health care, licensing, complaint procedure, disciplinary action, law enforcement, conscience protection, health care services, civil remedy, disciplinary action, health care providers, patient access, hospital safety, emergency room, bollards
Summary:
The meeting of the committee was focused predominantly on various bills concerning healthcare and insurance policies, reflecting significant discussions on how these laws impact the community. Notably, Senate Bill 660 was introduced to enhance safety measures at healthcare facilities, discussing the necessity for bollards to prevent unauthorized vehicular access, highlighting a bipartisan understanding of public safety. Senator West emphasized the importance of these regulations, citing real-world incidents that necessitate such actions. Public testimonies complimented this discussion, providing insight into community needs for enhanced security in hospitals.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Health and Human Services (Part I) Mar 26th, 2025
Senate Health & Human Services Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Bill 493 be recommended for local and contested.
- The committee substitute to Senate Bill 922 is recommended for the local and uncontested calendar.
- Senator Perry moves that the committee substitute to Senate Bill 963 be recommended for the local and
- Well, it's not going to go to local and uncontested.
- I signed a non-compete with HCA Care Now Urgent Care locally.
Bills:
SB397, SB481, SB596, SB760, SB855, SB1195, SB1196, SB1233, SB1257, SB1318, SB1368, SB1388, SB1398, SB1524, SB1558, SB1589, SB1677, SB1792, SB2034
Keywords:
data privacy, consumer rights, technology, business regulation, cybersecurity, emergency preparedness, nursing facilities, assisted living, resident safety, power outage, voting by mail, assisted living, nursing facilities, legal guardian, electoral process, foster care, medical consent, out-of-network, healthcare access, Medicaid
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Health and Human Services convened to discuss various pieces of legislation, addressing critical issues affecting healthcare and social services in Texas. Notable discussions included Senate Bill 481, which mandates backup power provisions for nursing homes and assisted living facilities to ensure the safety of vulnerable residents during outages, and Senate Bill 596, aimed at improving reporting requirements related to child welfare, enhancing the oversight of removals and placements. The committee also reviewed several other bills aimed at supporting healthcare access and enhancing protections for children under various circumstances.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- we have includes liability protections and language for the Department of State Health Services or local
- The prescriptions are not limited to local physicians who
- ...looks like at the local level.
- So, with this bill at the local level, it takes away a lot of the confusion that happens in your SHAC
- So if you adopt this, it keeps the local SHAC from being able to go above and beyond.
Keywords:
epinephrine, auto-injectors, school health, public school policy, emergency medical response, nonprescription medication, school health, healthcare provider, liability immunity, student welfare, adoption, parenting, education, family law, health curriculum, respiratory distress, school health, medication training, public education, student safety
Summary:
The Senate Education Committee convened to discuss multiple bills, primarily focusing on SB1619 and SB6019. Senator Dean Zaffirini presented SB1619, and the discussion revolved around modernizing the state's approach to epinephrine delivery devices. The highlighted importance of addressing anaphylaxis treatments in schools, particularly focusing on ensuring that both current and future delivery methods are adequately represented in the legislation was prominent. Participation from public testimony was also anticipated, allowing for community engagement.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Public Education May 15th, 2025 at 08:05 am
House Public Education Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- p>
Members, this bill was passed out of the Senate 31-0 on the local
- of allegations so that the state can investigate from the beginning rather than later, deferring to local
- contacted us about starting a local program.
- training for all of these communities to be able to set their own program up, and it is run by the local
- ...by their locally elected officials.
Keywords:
residency, public schools, child safety placement, enrollment, education code, school boards, transparency, public meetings, attendance, recording, misconduct, child abuse, educators, investigation, criminal offense, education law, suspension, reporting requirements, concussion, brain injury
Summary:
The meeting of the committee revolved around several significant bills aimed at enhancing educational policies within the state. Among these, SB413 sought to improve transparency in school board decisions, allowing voters easier access to meeting minutes and votes. There was considerable discussion about the challenges parents face in acquiring information, emphasizing the need for timely publication of school board actions online. Meanwhile, SB571 aimed to address educator misconduct and enhance protections for students by expanding the do-not-hire registry. Committee members voiced strong support, highlighting the bill's importance in safeguarding children against potential abuses within educational settings. Public testimony reflected both excitement and concern regarding the proposed measures, leading to an engaged dialogue among the representatives present.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Criminal Justice (Part I)Audio only. May 27th, 2025
Senate Criminal Justice Committee
Transcript Highlights:
HB 2217 establishes a grant program to equip local law
This bill would give our local prosecutors the tools
- >Senator King recommends that House Bill 2594 be recommended for local
Bills:
HB2217
Keywords:
law enforcement, bullet-resistant, grant program, safety equipment, peace officers, HB2217, HB2594, law enforcement, public safety, cybercrime, legislation, Senate Committee on Criminal Justice
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Committee on Criminal Justice was convened by Chair Flores and involved the discussion of two significant bills: HB2217 and HB2594. HB2217 was presented by Senator Higginbotham, establishing a grant program to equip local law enforcement vehicles with bullet-resistant components. The purpose of this legislation is to enhance officer safety amid rising violence against law enforcement personnel, as it aims to reduce fatalities caused by gunfire. The bill was favorably reported to the full Senate with unanimous support from committee members, indicating strong approval for initiatives aimed at law enforcement safety. Public testimony for the bill was minimal as no speakers registered for or against it.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- have a charter school on campus, but some do utilize the local
- Some have a charter school on campus but also sometimes send young people to the local school district
- Boarding homes are usually regulated locally, but not all are subject to this regulation.
- SB 1681 would require local governments regulating boarding homes to report to HHSC their facility standards
Keywords:
child welfare, foster care, residential treatment centers, SB596, SB1524, SB2311, educational planning, gun safety, confidentiality, committee meeting
Summary:
The meeting of the committee centered around discussions of several key bills, primarily focused on enhancing protective measures and improving the welfare of children under state care. Notably, SB596 was reported favorably for the full House, addressing critical gaps in the reporting of placements of children. Similarly, SB1524 was discussed, presenting a substitute that contained amendments related to confidentiality surrounding firearms in foster homes. The committee also reviewed SB2311, aimed at improving educational planning requirements for residential treatment centers through written agreements with local schools to ensure stable educational environments for children.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 2nd C.S.
Senate Select Committee on Disaster Preparedness and Flooding Aug 20th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- alert radios, installing emergency warning systems and public address systems, and monitoring for local
- ...to other local authorities, emergency management of the
- We were maybe letting some things happen on the local level that the state took over.
- Local leadership matters.
Mr.
- more training and get better on the local level and the
Keywords:
SB1, youth camp safety, flooding, testimony, reforms, emergency plans, Camp Mystic, fatalities
Summary:
The meeting focused on discussion around SB1, addressing safety reforms in youth camps in light of a tragic flooding incident that resulted in multiple fatalities. The committee heard testimony from various stakeholders, including family members of the victims, who shared heartfelt stories and the urgent need for reforms to ensure that such a tragedy would not happen again. The testimonies highlighted the importance of establishing better safety measures, including evacuation plans and compliance with new safety regulations. Senator Perry emphasized that the bill aims to create objective standards that protect children attending camps, prompting a strong emotional response from attendees as they reflected on the lives lost during the flash floods.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Finance (Part I) Mar 12th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- ...local law enforcement grants to combat child sex trafficking
Item six: local Health Mental Court Liaison Pilot Program
- This would be to build out an additional 32 beds at the local level.
- data-time="2070"> Item three is a rider associated with the decision to build that capacity at the local
- Item 26, amendment to Writer 56, local designation systems
Keywords:
budget adjustments, salary increase, public defender, Senate Bill 9, workforce optimization
Summary:
The committee also reviewed workforce optimization projects and critical capital improvements, underscoring the importance of maintaining and enhancing state infrastructure. A work group revision related to Senate Bill 9 was adopted, further demonstrating the committee's proactive approach to addressing fiscal responsibilities and ensuring effective allocation of state resources. The meeting concluded with an overview of adopted items and a commitment to continue enhancing services for the public.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- full House with the recommendation that it do pass and be printed and be sent to the Committee on Local
- full House with the recommendation that it do pass and be printed and be sent to the Committee on Local
- the full House with the recommendation that it do pass and be printed and sent to the Committee on Local
- full House with the recommendation that it do pass and be printed, and be sent to the Committee on Local
- Did they request it from the agency or from the local agency, whoever is doing those investigations?
Bills:
HB741, HB1199, HB2070, HB2402, HB2542, HB2665, HB2789, HB3096, HB3396, HB3595, HB3747, HB4116, HB4127
Keywords:
child welfare, relative caregiver, monetary assistance, Department of Family and Protective Services, child custody, family law, emergency power, nursing facilities, assisted living, generator requirements, health and safety, emergency generators, nursing facilities, assisted living, power outage, health and safety, emergency generator, nursing facilities, assisted living facilities, power source
Summary:
The meeting convened with Chair Hull overseeing the discussions, and a quorum was confirmed with all members present. The primary focus was on voting several bills that had been discussed in previous hearings. Notable among them was HB1155, which relates to monetary assistance from the DFPS to certain parents. The committee adopted a substitute for the bill without objection and subsequently moved it forward with recommendations for favorable approval to the full House. Another significant topic was HB136, which aimed to include lactation consultation in Medicaid coverage, which also passed out of committee with a substitute.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Defense & Veterans' Affairs Apr 7th, 2025 at 11:00 am
House S/C on Defense & Veterans' Affairs
Transcript Highlights:
- I told Chairman Spiller it needed to go to local and consent.
- The Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States was originally founded at the local level in 1899 by
- I think it goes without saying that the overlap between military service and our local firefighters is
- Availability of surplus federal, state, and local government
- Absolutely, it includes federal, state, and local.
Keywords:
Veterans of Foreign Wars, veterans, commemoration, military service, recognition, September 29, veterans, waiver programs, toll roads, discount programs, transportation, veterans, affordable housing, land bank program, low-income households, Texas State Affordable Housing Corporation, education, funding, schools, curriculum
Summary:
The meeting convened to discuss a range of bills pertinent to veterans' issues, including housing, mental health, and memorial designations. Representative Lopez took a leading role in presenting several bills, most notably HB2210, which aims to formally recognize the United States Space Force within Texas laws. Concerns were expressed over ensuring that Space Force veterans receive the same benefits as those from other military branches. Various resource witnesses contributed their expertise to underline the necessity of these initiatives. The public also had opportunities to provide testimony regarding the impact of these measures on veterans' welfare. Discussions frequently centered on challenges such as homelessness among veterans, with several bills introduced to address these issues directly.
The committee expressed a strong intention to advocate for veterans' needs through legislation, with notable support for bills that addressed housing affordability and mental health services. HB2061, which honors a fallen service member, was also discussed, reinforcing the community's commitment to recognizing the sacrifices made by those who served. The meeting concluded with motions to schedule multiple bills for further consideration with unanimous support.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Judiciary & Civil Jurisprudence Mar 12th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Judiciary & Civil Jurisprudence Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- So I got an idea you could solve it at the local level.
- Please don't stand in the way of local governments who have passed...
- Lastly, this will increase the burden on local resources when people are forced to...
- Lastly, HB32 undermines local control by mandating specific...
- Limits on local government to address the needs of the community. I'd like to talk...
Keywords:
eviction, landlord rights, tenant rights, justice court, property law, court procedures, chemical dependency, court-ordered treatment, mental health, health care, treatment facility, juvenile justice, criminal justice reform, deep fake, digital impersonation, age verification, private cause of action, explicit content, consumer protection, civil liability
Summary:
The meeting of the Judiciary and Civil Jurisprudence Committee included discussions on critical bills impacting public safety and tenant rights. Representative Garcia-Hernandez presented HB923, which aims to add two public members to the Texas Medical Disclosure Panel, thereby enhancing informed consent for medical procedures. This move sought to enhance transparency and public trust, especially since the panel previously lacked any public representation. The committee also received testimonies both for and against the bill, highlighting the importance of public input in health-related decisions. The bill faced opposition mainly due to concerns about balancing medical expertise with public representation.
Another significant discussion revolved around HB32, which seeks to streamline the eviction process in Texas. While proponents argue that the bill addresses inefficiencies affecting landlords, opponents, including activists and legal experts, expressed concerns that the bill could exacerbate homelessness and undermine tenant rights. They stressed the need for adequate protections and due process for tenants. As the committee moved through multiple bills, the need for careful consideration of both landlord and tenant rights remained a focal point of debate, indicating the complexities surrounding housing legislation in Texas.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- full House with the recommendation that it do pass and be printed and be sent to the committee on local
- The second location was a local hotel.
- This occurred on December 17th, 2021, in a local neighborhood.
- I ask that the bill be referred to local and consent, and I close.
- Would this legislature bump local Texas providers lower down the list to get approved?
Bills:
HB1531, HB2667, HB2809, HB2865, HB3589, HB3151, HB3748, HB3750, HB4419, HB4643, HB3597, HB4129, HB4130, HB4131
Keywords:
senior living, referral agencies, consumer protection, regulation, elderly services, youth, mental health, suicide prevention, protective services, child welfare, reporting requirements, Medicaid, public assistance, ex parte renewal, eligibility, Texas, group home, licensing, regulation, health and safety
Summary:
The meeting brought forward significant discussions centered on various bills related to child welfare and mental health support, particularly focusing on the well-being of children in the custody of the Department of Family and Protective Services (DFPS). Notable bills such as HB2789 and HB2809 were thoroughly reviewed, where stakeholders highlighted the critical need for improved data collection on suicide attempts among youth in foster care. The interventions proposed aim to enhance early identification and support for these vulnerable populations. The committee members engaged with professionals and advocates who emphasized the urgency of addressing these mental health challenges.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- marker="49" data-time="288"> And in the event that someone is homeless, they can register at their local
Well, but it also goes locally and helps you put on
- 684">I think, and we can again ask Secretary of State's resources, but I believe if you can't file locally
- how explain to us how it works as far as State, you have local
- You know, how do you decide on your local ones before you go to state, and who gets nominated at each
Keywords:
voting access, polling place, disability, caretaker provisions, ballot delivery, election code, ballot by mail, election code, voting, mail delivery, election integrity, filing fee, nomination, convention, election, candidate, voting by mail, assisted living, nursing facilities, legal guardian
Summary:
The meeting of the committee focused primarily on discussions surrounding HB4309, aimed at allowing third parties to handle filing fees similarly to major political parties. Witnesses from the Libertarian Party, including Wes Benedict, expressed the need for equitable treatment in political financing, highlighting how fees imposed on them currently do not assist their party in any meaningful way like they do for Republicans and Democrats. Concerns were raised regarding the lack of accountability for fees collected from third parties, with committee members discussing potential oversight mechanisms.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Economic DevelopmentAudio only. Apr 2nd, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- data-time="112">Senator Sparks moves that Senate Bill 529 be recommended for certification for the local
For the local and uncontested calendar, is there objection
- Schwartner moves that the committee substitute for SCR 37 be recommended for certification for the local
Keywords:
Senate Economic Development Committee, SB217, SB529, SB1265, committee substitutes, SCR37, legislation
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Economic Development Committee was marked by a rapid review and voting on several bills. Notably, Senate Bill 217 was reported favorably with a vote of 4-1, showcasing a split opinion among members. Additionally, Senate Bill 529 and Senate Bill 1265 were both unanimously recommended for certification, indicating strong support. The committee also discussed committee substitutes for Senate Bill 1592 and SCR 37, with both passing without objection. These actions illustrate the committee's proactive approach in addressing pending legislation and facilitating its progress to the full Senate.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Homeland Security, Public Safety & Veterans' Affairs Mar 19th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Homeland Security, Public Safety & Veterans' Affairs Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Coordination and readiness: under this bill, local governments
- But it's unusual that you show up and the elected sheriff or the local police chief holds authority with
- Our job at the Division of Emergency Management is to support our local government partners, our mayors
- Let's allow our law and our local law enforcement agencies to do the same.
- I request that the bill be sent to local...
Keywords:
electronic monitoring, parole supervision, law enforcement, warrant execution, public safety, handgun license, judgment evaluation, medical advisory board, application denial, gun law procedures, abandoned property, unclaimed property, law enforcement, disposition, public safety, handgun, driver's license, commercial driver's license, weapon carry, gun rights
Summary:
The meeting of the House Committee on Homeland Security and Public Safety involved a range of discussions surrounding significant bills aimed at enhancing public safety measures, particularly in response to issues highlighted by past events. Notable was the discussion on HB33, proposed by Representative McLaughlin, which sought to overhaul school safety and establish a statewide emergency response protocol for active shooter situations. This bill emphasizes the importance of coordinated training among law enforcement and school officials to ensure a swift and effective response in emergencies, aiming to prevent delays seen in past incidents. The discussions also included input from law enforcement officials who acknowledged the necessity of improving communication and coordination between agencies, which was a highlighted failure in previous responses to crises.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Culture, Recreation & Tourism May 14th, 2025 at 09:05 am
House Culture, Recreation & Tourism Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- This would allow state and local parks and recreation agencies or departments to promote recreational
- activities, like visiting a local park or going to a state park.
- Full House and sent to the Local and Consent Calendar.
- Be printed and reported to the Committee on Local and Consent
Keywords:
Unplug Texas Day, digital detox, family activities, outdoor recreation, community engagement, patriotism, town designation, community engagement, Trophy Club, Texas Town of Patriotism, SB217, SB2232, SB2801, Unplugged Texas Day, outdoor engagement, public testimony, hunting license regulations, field trials, Friedman Cemetery Program
Summary:
The committee meeting primarily focused on reviewing several bills, including SB217, which establishes the historic Friedman Cemetery program, and SB2232, which seeks to designate October 21st as Unplugged Texas Day. The latter bill sparked notable discussions regarding the importance of reducing screen time and encouraging outdoor activities among Texans. Chairperson Metcalfe initiated the agenda, and the public testimony featured passionate arguments for the need for outdoor engagement, emphasizing mental well-being and community bonding. Overall, the bills were met with unanimous support within the committee, advancing toward favorable recommendations for full house votes.
Additionally, members voiced concerns about regulations surrounding field trials, as presented in SB2801, which proposes changes to the requirement for hunting licenses during dog field trials. Testimony from various stakeholders showcased a strong desire to facilitate participation in these events while raising awareness of the associated challenges. The meeting concluded with several bills advancing for further considerations, demonstrating a collaborative effort toward legislation that supports both cultural and outdoor initiatives in Texas.